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Prakash R, Vyawahare A, Sakla R, Kumari N, Kumar A, Ansari MM, Jori C, Waseem A, Siddiqui AJ, Khan MA, Robertson AAB, Khan R, Raza SS. NLRP3 Inflammasome-Targeting Nanomicelles for Preventing Ischemia-Reperfusion-Induced Inflammatory Injury. ACS Nano 2023; 17:8680-8693. [PMID: 37102996 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c01760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a disease process that affects several vital organs. There is widespread agreement that the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway plays a crucial role in the development of I/R injury. We have developed transferrin-conjugated, pH-responsive nanomicelles for the entrapment of MCC950 drug. These nanomicelles specifically bind to the transferrin receptor 1 (TFR1) expressed on the cells of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and thus help the cargo to cross the BBB. Furthermore, the therapeutic potential of nanomicelles was assessed using in vitro, in ovo, and in vivo models of I/R injury. Nanomicelles were injected into the common carotid artery (CCA) of a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rat model to achieve maximum accretion of nanomicelles into the brain as blood flows toward the brain in the CCA. The current study reveals that the treatment with nanomicelles significantly alleviates the levels of NLRP3 inflammasome biomarkers which were found to be increased in oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)-treated SH-SY5Y cells, the I/R-damaged right vitelline artery (RVA) of chick embryos, and the MCAO rat model. The supplementation with nanomicelles significantly enhanced the overall survival of MCAO rats. Overall, nanomicelles exerted therapeutic effects against I/R injury, which might be due to the suppression of the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Prakash
- Laboratory for Stem Cell & Restorative Neurology, Department of Biotechnology, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow 226003, India
| | - Akshay Vyawahare
- Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Rahul Sakla
- Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Neha Kumari
- Laboratory for Stem Cell & Restorative Neurology, Department of Biotechnology, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow 226003, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Md Meraj Ansari
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S Nagar, Sector 67, Mohali, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Chandrashekhar Jori
- Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Arshi Waseem
- Laboratory for Stem Cell & Restorative Neurology, Department of Biotechnology, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow 226003, India
| | - Abu Junaid Siddiqui
- Laboratory for Stem Cell & Restorative Neurology, Department of Biotechnology, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow 226003, India
| | | | - Avril A B Robertson
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Rehan Khan
- Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Syed Shadab Raza
- Laboratory for Stem Cell & Restorative Neurology, Department of Biotechnology, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow 226003, India
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Era's Lucknow Medical College Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow 226003, India
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Ou Y, Weber SG. Higher Aminopeptidase Activity Determined by Electroosmotic Push-Pull Perfusion Contributes to Selective Vulnerability of the Hippocampal CA1 Region to Oxygen Glucose Deprivation. ACS Chem Neurosci 2018; 9:535-544. [PMID: 29078045 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been known for over a century that the hippocampus, the center for learning and memory in the brain, is selectively vulnerable to ischemic damage, with the CA1 being more vulnerable than the CA3. It is also known that leucine enkephalin, or YGGFL, is neuroprotective. We hypothesized that the extracellular hydrolysis of YGGFL may be greater in the CA1 than the CA3, which would lead to the observed difference in susceptibility to ischemia. In rat organotypic hippocampal slice cultures, we estimated the Michaelis constant and the maximum velocity for membrane-bound aminopeptidase activity in the CA1 and CA3 regions. Using electroosmotic push-pull perfusion and offline capillary liquid chromatography, we inferred enzyme activity based on the production rate of GGFL, a natural and inactive product of the enzymatic hydrolysis of YGGFL. We found nearly 3-fold higher aminopeptidase activity in the CA1 than the CA3. The aminopeptidase inhibitor bestatin significantly reduced hydrolysis of YGGFL in both regions by increasing apparent Km. Based on propidium iodide cell death measurements 24 h after oxygen-glucose deprivation, we demonstrate that inhibition of aminopeptidase activity using bestatin selectively protected CA1 against delayed cell death due to oxygen-glucose deprivation and that this neuroprotection occurs through enkephalin-dependent pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangguang Ou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Stephen G. Weber
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
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Liu ZJ, Liu HQ, Xiao C, Fan HZ, Huang Q, Liu YH, Wang Y. Curcumin protects neurons against oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation-induced injury through activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ function. J Neurosci Res 2014; 92:1549-59. [PMID: 24975470 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Revised: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The turmeric derivative curcumin protects against cerebral ischemic injury. We previously demonstrated that curcumin activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ), a ligand-activated transcription factor involved in both neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory signaling pathways. This study tested whether the neuroprotective effects of curcumin against oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R)-induced injury of rat cortical neurons are mediated (at least in part) by PPARγ. Curcumin (10 μM) potently enhanced PPARγ expression and transcriptional activity following OGD/R. In addition, curcumin markedly increased neuronal viability, as evidenced by decreased lactate dehydrogenase release and reduced nitric oxide production, caspase-3 activity, and apoptosis. These protective effects were suppressed by coadministration of the PPARγ antagonist 2-chloro-5-nitrobenzanilide (GW9662) and by prior transfection of a small-interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting PPARγ, treatments that had no toxic effects on healthy neurons. Curcumin reduced OGD/R-induced accumulation of reactive oxygen species and inhibited the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway, as indicated by reduced release of cytochrome c and apoptosis-inducing factor and maintenance of both the mitochondrial membrane potential and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Again, GW9662 or PPARγ siRNA transfection mitigated the protective effects of curcumin on mitochondrial function. Curcumin suppressed IκB kinase phosphorylation and IκB degradation, thereby inhibiting nuclear factor-κ B (NF-κB) nuclear translocation, effects also blocked by GW9662 or PPARγ siRNA. Immunoprecipitation experiments revealed that PPARγ interacted with NF-κB p65 and inhibited NF-κB activation. The present study provides strong evidence that at least some of the neuroprotective effects of curcumin against OGD/R are mediated by PPARγ activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zun-Jing Liu
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
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