1
|
Forero AC, Garavito J, Castellanos DA. Evaluation and modeling of acrylonitrile migration from polypropylene for food packaging. J Food Sci 2023; 88:4928-4941. [PMID: 37905708 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
This study validated an analytical technique using headspace gas chromatography with flame ionization detection to quantify acrylonitrile monomer with a quantification limit of 0.10 ± 0.04 µg kg-1 . Subsequently, the acrylonitrile migration from polypropylene granules was evaluated in food simulants water and ethanol (50% v/v) and at two temperatures (20 ± 1°C and 44 ± 2°C) for up to 6 weeks, representing the service time of a bottle. From the experimental data obtained, pseudo-second-order kinetics were adjusted to represent the acrylonitrile migration into the simulants. For water, equilibrium concentrations of 13.58 and 16.58 µg kg-1 at 20 and 44°C, respectively, were obtained, while for 50% ethanol, 15.07 and 16.40 µg kg-1 were obtained for the same temperatures. The experimental results and the values estimated from the migration kinetics indicate that the maximum acrylonitrile concentration will not exceed the tolerable specific limit established in regulations. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The migration of compounds such as acrylonitrile can be a drawback resulting in an undesirable reduction in the shelf life of liquid foods packaged in bottles made of materials such as polypropylene. In this paper, acrylonitrile migration kinetics and a methodology are proposed to determine whether the tolerable migration limits are ever reached, which can serve as a tool for producers of this type of packaging of food to predict shelf life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana C Forero
- Food Packaging and Shelf Life Laboratory, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Johanna Garavito
- Food Packaging and Shelf Life Laboratory, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Diego A Castellanos
- Food Packaging and Shelf Life Laboratory, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kaseke T, Lujic T, Cirkovic Velickovic T. Nano- and Microplastics Migration from Plastic Food Packaging into Dairy Products: Impact on Nutrient Digestion, Absorption, and Metabolism. Foods 2023; 12:3043. [PMID: 37628042 PMCID: PMC10453031 DOI: 10.3390/foods12163043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The ongoing use of plastic polymers to manufacture food packaging has raised concerns about the presence of nano- and microplastics (NMPs) in a variety of foods. This review provides the most recent data on NMPs' migration from plastic packaging into dairy products. Also discussed are the possible effects of NMPs on nutrient digestion, absorption, and metabolism. Different kinds of dairy products, including skimmed milk, whole liquid milk, powder milk, and infant formula milk, have been found to contain NMPs of various sizes, shapes, and concentrations. NMPs may interact with proteins, carbohydrates, and fats and have a detrimental impact on how well these nutrients are digested and absorbed by the body. The presence of NMPs in the gastrointestinal tract may impact how lipids, proteins, glucose, iron, and energy are metabolized, increasing the risk of developing various health conditions. In addition to NMPs, plastic oligomers released from food packaging material have been found to migrate to various foods and food simulants, though information regarding their effect on human health is limited. Viewpoints on potential directions for future studies on NMPs and their impact on nutrient digestion, absorption, and health are also presented in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tafadzwa Kaseke
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamara Lujic
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tanja Cirkovic Velickovic
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Department of Food Technology, Safety, and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Food Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon 21985, Republic of Korea
- Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Knez Mihajlova 35, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nguyen V, Linh TTT, Vo T, Nguyen QH, Van T. Analytical techniques for determination of heavy metal migration from different types of locally made plastic food packaging materials using ICP-MS. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:4030-4037. [PMID: 37457188 PMCID: PMC10345700 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Plastic food packaging is an essential element for customer convenience and the preservation of food quality. Nonetheless, heavy metals in the packaging materials, either intentionally or nonintentionally added, can be transferred to the food. Therefore, determining heavy metal contents in these packaging materials is essential. In this study, heavy metals, including Co, Ge, As, Cd, Sb, Pb, Al, and Zn from different intrinsic plastic food packaging materials were analyzed using the inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) method. Moreover, the migration of these elements into the environment was also investigated. This method is validated following the new technique's requirements, which include linearity range, accuracy, precision, the limit of detection (LOD), and the limit of quantitation (LOQ). The method has been suitably validated with the regression equation from the standards prepared in HNO3 1% v/v. The linear range was found to be ~1-20 ng mL-1 for Co, Ge, As, Cd, Sb, and Pb and 5-80 ng mL-1 for Al and Zn elements. The LODs are ~0.10, 0.25, 0.12, 0.13, 0.11, 0.12, 0.61, and 0.85 ng mL-1, and the LOQs are 0.33, 0.83, 0.40, 0.43, 0.36, 0.40, 2.01, and 2.81 ng mL-1 obtained for Co, Ge, As, Cd, Sb, Pb, Al, and Zn, respectively. In addition, the recovery percentages received ranged 85.4%-94.1% for Co, 82.6%-95.1% for Ge, 86.3%-97.9% for As, 87.3%-96.3% for Cd, 88.0%-104.4% for Sb, 96.3%-106.0% for Pb, 88.4%-104.0% for Al, and 95.1%-99.7% for Zn. Finally, the migration of these heavy metals from polypropylene (PP) and polystyrene (PS) into foodstuffs was also simulated according to EU legislation, showing that the most leached element was Zn, followed by Al and Pd, with the migration of ~8.38% and ~0.41%, and ~0.19%, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Van‐Trong Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemical EngineeringIndustrial University of Ho Chi Minh CityHo Chi Minh CityVietnam
| | - Truong Thi Truc Linh
- Faculty of Chemical EngineeringIndustrial University of Ho Chi Minh CityHo Chi Minh CityVietnam
- Center of Analytical Services and Experimentation HCMCHo Chi Minh CityVietnam
| | - The‐Ky Vo
- Faculty of Chemical EngineeringIndustrial University of Ho Chi Minh CityHo Chi Minh CityVietnam
| | - Quoc Hung Nguyen
- Center of Analytical Services and Experimentation HCMCHo Chi Minh CityVietnam
| | - Thanh‐Khue Van
- Faculty of Chemical EngineeringIndustrial University of Ho Chi Minh CityHo Chi Minh CityVietnam
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
da Costa JM, Kato LS, Galvan D, Lelis CA, Saraiva T, Conte-Junior CA. Occurrence of phthalates in different food matrices: A systematic review of the main sources of contamination and potential risks. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2023; 22:2043-2080. [PMID: 36988015 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
This systematic review aimed to investigate the occurrence of phthalates (phthalic acid esters [PAEs]) in different food matrices, as well as report the main sources of PAEs in food, the potential risks to the population, and the factors that influence its migration from food contact materials (FCMs) to food. Nineteen PAEs were identified, including di-(2-ehtylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), dibutyl-phthalate (DBP), benzylbutyl phthalate (BBP), diisononyl phthalate (DINP), and diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP) in fruits and vegetables, milk and dairy products, cereals, meat, fish, fat and oils, snacks, condiments and sauces, miscellaneous, and baby food. Fifty-seven values of PAEs were above the legal limits of countries. DEHP is the PAE with the highest incidence, with maximum concentrations above the specific migration limit (SML) for milk and dairy products, oils and fats, fish, cereals, condiments and sauces, meat, and fruits and vegetables. The risk of exceeding the tolerable daily intake (TDI) was high for DEHP and DBP in fish, fat and oils, cereals, and milk and dairy products for children and adults. Fat and oils are the most critical food for DEHP, DBP, BBP, and DINP. Comparing the estimated daily intake (EDI) with the TDI, there was a risk for "milk and dairy products" in adults and for "cereal and cereal products" in children concerning DEHP. "Cereal and cereal products" presented a risk in children and adults concerning DBP. The "fat and oils" category presented a risk in children and adults about DBP and DINP. Temperature, contact time between food and the FCM, fat percent, and acidity positively correlate with the PAE's migration. The contamination occurs in many steps of the production chain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Júlia Moraes da Costa
- Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratory of Advanced Analysis in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (LAABBM), Department of Biochemistry, UFRJ, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro
| | - Lilian Seiko Kato
- Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratory of Advanced Analysis in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (LAABBM), Department of Biochemistry, UFRJ, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro
- Graduate Program in Food Science (PPGCAL), Institute of Chemistry (IQ), UFRJ, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Diego Galvan
- Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratory of Advanced Analysis in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (LAABBM), Department of Biochemistry, UFRJ, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro
- Graduate Program in Chemistry (PGQu), IQ, UFRJ, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carini Aparecida Lelis
- Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratory of Advanced Analysis in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (LAABBM), Department of Biochemistry, UFRJ, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro
- Graduate Program in Food Science (PPGCAL), Institute of Chemistry (IQ), UFRJ, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Chemistry (PGQu), IQ, UFRJ, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Sanitary Surveillance (PPGVS), National Institute of Health Quality Control (INCQS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thiago Saraiva
- Graduate Program in Chemistry (PGQu), IQ, UFRJ, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Residue Analysis Laboratory (LAB RES), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carlos Adam Conte-Junior
- Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratory of Advanced Analysis in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (LAABBM), Department of Biochemistry, UFRJ, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro
- Graduate Program in Food Science (PPGCAL), Institute of Chemistry (IQ), UFRJ, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Chemistry (PGQu), IQ, UFRJ, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Sanitary Surveillance (PPGVS), National Institute of Health Quality Control (INCQS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Veterinary Hygiene (PPGHV), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Vital Brazil Filho, Niterói, Brazil
- Residue Analysis Laboratory (LAB RES), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|