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Hu D, Lin D, Yi S, Gao S, Lei T, Li W, Xu T. Comparative stigmatic transcriptomics reveals self and cross pollination responses to heteromorphic incompatibility in Plumbago auriculata Lam. Front Genet 2024; 15:1372644. [PMID: 38510275 PMCID: PMC10953596 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1372644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
"Heteromorphic self-incompatibility" (HetSI) in plants is a mechanism of defense to avoid self-pollination and promote outcrossing. However, the molecular mechanism underlying HetSI remains largely unknown. In this study, RNA-seq was conducted to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying self-compatible (SC, "T × P" and "P × T") and self-incompatible (SI, "T × T" and "P × P") pollination in the two types of flowers of Plumbago auriculata Lam. which is a representative HetSI plant. By comparing "T × P" vs. "T × T", 3773 (1407 upregulated and 2366 downregulated) differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, 1261 DEGs between "P × T" and "P × P" (502 upregulated and 759 downregulated). The processes in which these DEGs were significantly enriched were "MAPK (Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases-plant) signaling pathway", "plant-pathogen interaction","plant hormone signal transduction", and "pentose and glucuronate interconversion" pathways. Surprisingly, we discovered that under various pollination conditions, multiple notable genes that may be involved in HetSI exhibited distinct regulation. We can infer that the HetSI strategy might be unique in P. auriculata. It was similar to "sporophytic self-incompatibility" (SSI) but the HetSI mechanisms in pin and thrum flowers are diverse. In this study, new hypotheses and inferences were proposed, which can provide a reference for crop production and breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Hu
- College of Fine Art and Calligraphy, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Di Lin
- Sichuan Certification and Accreditation Association, Chengdu, China
| | - Shouli Yi
- College of Fine Art and Calligraphy, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Suping Gao
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Lei
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenji Li
- School of Design, Chongqing Industry Polytechnic College, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingdan Xu
- College of Fine Art and Calligraphy, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
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Guo L, Huang Z, Chen X, Yang M, Yang M, Liu Z, Han X, Ma X, Wang X, Gao Q. SD-RLK28 positively regulates pollen hydration on stigmas as a PCP-Bβ receptor in Arabidopsis thaliana. J Integr Plant Biol 2023; 65:2395-2406. [PMID: 37485903 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Pollen hydration on dry stigmas is strictly regulated by pollen-stigma interactions in Brassicaceae. Although several related molecular events have been described, the molecular mechanism underlying pollen hydration remains elusive. Multiple B-class pollen coat proteins (PCP-Bs) are involved in pollen hydration. Here, by analyzing the interactions of two PCP-Bs with three Arabidopsis thaliana stigmas strongly expressing S-domain receptor kinase (SD-RLK), we determined that SD-RLK28 directly interacts with PCP-Bβ. We investigated pollen hydration, pollen germination, pollen tube growth, and stigma receptivity in the sd-rlk28 and pcp-bβ mutants. PCP-Bβ acts in the pollen to regulate pollen hydration on stigmas. Loss of SD-RLK28 had no effect on pollen viability, and sd-rlk28 plants had normal life cycles without obvious defects. However, pollen hydration on sd-rlk28 stigmas was impaired and pollen tube growth in sd-rlk28 pistils was delayed. The defect in pollen hydration on sd-rlk28 stigmas was independent of changes in reactive oxygen species levels in stigmas. These results indicate that SD-RLK28 functions in the stigma as a PCP-Bβ receptor to positively regulate pollen hydration on dry stigmas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Guo
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Chongqing, 400716, China
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Ziya Huang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Chongqing, 400716, China
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Xingyu Chen
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Chongqing, 400716, China
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Min Yang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Chongqing, 400716, China
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Miaomiao Yang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Chongqing, 400716, China
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Ziwei Liu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Chongqing, 400716, China
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Xuejie Han
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Chongqing, 400716, China
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Xiangjie Ma
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Chongqing, 400716, China
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Chongqing, 400716, China
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Qiguo Gao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Chongqing, 400716, China
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, Chongqing, 400716, China
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Wang L, Lau YL, Fan L, Bosch M, Doughty J. Pollen Coat Proteomes of Arabidopsis thaliana, Arabidopsis lyrata, and Brassica oleracea Reveal Remarkable Diversity of Small Cysteine-Rich Proteins at the Pollen-Stigma Interface. Biomolecules 2023; 13. [PMID: 36671543 DOI: 10.3390/biom13010157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The pollen coat is the outermost domain of the pollen grain and is largely derived from the anther tapetum, which is a secretory tissue that degenerates late in pollen development. By being localised at the interface of the pollen-stigma interaction, the pollen coat plays a central role in mediating early pollination events, including molecular recognition. Amongst species of the Brassicaceae, a growing body of data has revealed that the pollen coat carries a range of proteins, with a number of small cysteine-rich proteins (CRPs) being identified as important regulators of the pollen-stigma interaction. By utilising a state-of-the-art liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) approach, rich pollen coat proteomic profiles were obtained for Arabidopsis thaliana, Arabidopsis lyrata, and Brassica oleracea, which greatly extended previous datasets. All three proteomes revealed a strikingly large number of small CRPs that were not previously reported as pollen coat components. The profiling also uncovered a wide range of other protein families, many of which were enriched in the pollen coat proteomes and had functions associated with signal transduction, cell walls, lipid metabolism and defence. These proteomes provide an excellent source of molecular targets for future investigations into the pollen-stigma interaction and its potential evolutionary links to plant-pathogen interactions.
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Lohani N, Singh MB, Bhalla PL. RNA-Seq Highlights Molecular Events Associated With Impaired Pollen-Pistil Interactions Following Short-Term Heat Stress in Brassica napus. Front Plant Sci 2021; 11:622748. [PMID: 33584763 PMCID: PMC7872974 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.622748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The global climate change is leading to increased frequency of heatwaves with crops getting exposed to extreme temperature events. Such temperature spikes during the reproductive stage of plant development can harm crop fertility and productivity. Here we report the response of short-term heat stress events on the pollen and pistil tissues in a commercially grown cultivar of Brassica napus. Our data reveals that short-term temperature spikes not only affect pollen fitness but also impair the ability of the pistil to support pollen germination and pollen tube growth and that the heat stress sensitivity of pistil can have severe consequences for seed set and yield. Comparative transcriptome profiling of non-stressed and heat-stressed (40°C for 30 min) pollen and pistil (stigma + style) highlighted the underlying cellular mechanisms involved in heat stress response in these reproductive tissues. In pollen, cell wall organization and cellular transport-related genes possibly regulate pollen fitness under heat stress while the heat stress-induced repression of transcription factor encoding transcripts is a feature of the pistil response. Overall, high temperature altered the expression of genes involved in protein processing, regulation of transcription, pollen-pistil interactions, and misregulation of cellular organization, transport, and metabolism. Our results show that short episodes of high-temperature exposure in B. napus modulate key regulatory pathways disrupted reproductive processes, ultimately translating to yield loss. Further investigations on the genes and networks identified in the present study pave a way toward genetic improvement of the thermotolerance and reproductive performance of B. napus varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Prem L. Bhalla
- Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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Wang L, Clarke LA, Eason RJ, Parker CC, Qi B, Scott RJ, Doughty J. PCP-B class pollen coat proteins are key regulators of the hydration checkpoint in Arabidopsis thaliana pollen-stigma interactions. New Phytol 2017; 213:764-777. [PMID: 27596924 PMCID: PMC5215366 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 07/23/2016] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The establishment of pollen-pistil compatibility is strictly regulated by factors derived from both male and female reproductive structures. Highly diverse small cysteine-rich proteins (CRPs) have been found to play multiple roles in plant reproduction, including the earliest stages of the pollen-stigma interaction. Secreted CRPs found in the pollen coat of members of the Brassicaceae, the pollen coat proteins (PCPs), are emerging as important signalling molecules that regulate the pollen-stigma interaction. Using a combination of protein characterization, expression and phylogenetic analyses we identified a novel class of Arabidopsis thaliana pollen-borne CRPs, the PCP-Bs (for pollen coat protein B-class) that are related to embryo surrounding factor (ESF1) developmental regulators. Single and multiple PCP-B mutant lines were utilized in bioassays to assess effects on pollen hydration, adhesion and pollen tube growth. Our results revealed that pollen hydration is severely impaired when multiple PCP-Bs are lost from the pollen coat. The hydration defect also resulted in reduced pollen adhesion and delayed pollen tube growth in all mutants studied. These results demonstrate that AtPCP-Bs are key regulators of the hydration 'checkpoint' in establishment of pollen-stigma compatibility. In addition, we propose that interspecies diversity of PCP-Bs may contribute to reproductive barriers in the Brassicaceae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludi Wang
- Department of Biology and BiochemistryUniversity of BathClaverton DownBathBA2 7AYUK
| | - Lisa A. Clarke
- Department of Biology and BiochemistryUniversity of BathClaverton DownBathBA2 7AYUK
| | - Russell J. Eason
- Department of Biology and BiochemistryUniversity of BathClaverton DownBathBA2 7AYUK
| | | | - Baoxiu Qi
- Department of Biology and BiochemistryUniversity of BathClaverton DownBathBA2 7AYUK
| | - Rod J. Scott
- Department of Biology and BiochemistryUniversity of BathClaverton DownBathBA2 7AYUK
| | - James Doughty
- Department of Biology and BiochemistryUniversity of BathClaverton DownBathBA2 7AYUK
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Watanabe M, Suwabe K, Suzuki G. Molecular genetics, physiology and biology of self-incompatibility in Brassicaceae. Proc Jpn Acad Ser B Phys Biol Sci 2012; 88:519-35. [PMID: 23229748 PMCID: PMC3552045 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.88.519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Self-incompatibility (SI) is defined as the inability to produce zygotes after self-pollination in a fertile hermaphrodite plant, which has stamens and pistils in the same flower. This structural organization of the hermaphrodite flower increases the risk of self-pollination, leading to low genetic diversity. To avoid this problem plants have established several pollination systems, among which the most elegant system is surely SI. The SI trait can be observed in Brassica crops, including cabbage, broccoli, turnip and radish. To produce hybrid seed of these crops efficiently, the SI trait has been employed in an agricultural context. From another point of view, the recognition reaction of SI during pollen-stigma interaction is an excellent model system for cell-cell communication and signal transduction in higher plants. In this review, we describe the molecular mechanisms of SI in Brassicaceae, which have been dissected by genetic, physiological, and biological approaches, and we discuss the future prospects in relation to associated scientific fields and new technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masao Watanabe
- Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Genetics, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan.
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