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Thai V, Renesto P, Fowler CA, Brown DJ, Davis T, Gu W, Pollock DD, Kern D, Raoult D, Eisenmesser EZ. Structural, biochemical, and in vivo characterization of the first virally encoded cyclophilin from the Mimivirus. J Mol Biol 2008; 378:71-86. [PMID: 18342330 PMCID: PMC2884007 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2007.08.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2007] [Revised: 08/22/2007] [Accepted: 08/23/2007] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Although multiple viruses utilize host cell cyclophilins, including severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and human immunodeficiency virus type-1(HIV-1), their role in infection is poorly understood. To help elucidate these roles, we have characterized the first virally encoded cyclophilin (mimicyp) derived from the largest virus discovered to date (the Mimivirus) that is also a causative agent of pneumonia in humans. Mimicyp adopts a typical cyclophilin-fold, yet it also forms trimers unlike any previously characterized homologue. Strikingly, immunofluorescence assays reveal that mimicyp localizes to the surface of the mature virion, as recently proposed for several viruses that recruit host cell cyclophilins such as SARS and HIV-1. Additionally mimicyp lacks peptidyl-prolyl isomerase activity in contrast to human cyclophilins. Thus, this study suggests that cyclophilins, whether recruited from host cells (i.e. HIV-1 and SARS) or virally encoded (i.e. Mimivirus), are localized on viral surfaces for at least a subset of viruses.
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Key Words
- fiv, feline immunodeficiency virus
- hiv-1, human immunodeficiency virus type-1
- hcypa, human cyclophilin-a
- hcypb, human cyclophilin-b
- mimicyp, mimivirus cyclophilin
- ncldv, nuclear cytoplasmic large dna viruses
- ppiase, peptidyl-prolyl isomerase
- sars, sever acute respiratory syndrome
- vv, vaccinia virus
- sv, vesicular stomatitis virus
- csa, cyclosporine-a
- trosy-hsqc, transverse relaxation optimized spectroscopy-heteronuclear single quantum coherence
- dapi, diamidino-2-phylindole
- cyclophilin
- virus
- pneumonia
- peptidyl-prolyl isomerase
- mimivirus
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Affiliation(s)
- Vu Thai
- Department of Biochemistry, Brandeis University and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454, USA
| | - Patricia Renesto
- Unité des Rickettsies, Faculté de Médecine, CNRSUMR6020, Université de la Méditerranée, 13385 Marseille Cedex 05, France
| | - C. Andrew Fowler
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Darin J. Brown
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Health Science Center, School of Medicine, 12801 E 17 Ave, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Tara Davis
- Structural Genomics Consortium and the Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, 100 College St., Toronto, ON, Canada M5G1L5
| | - Wanjun Gu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Health Science Center, School of Medicine, 12801 E 17 Ave, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - David D. Pollock
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Health Science Center, School of Medicine, 12801 E 17 Ave, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Dorothee Kern
- Department of Biochemistry, Brandeis University and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454, USA
| | - Didier Raoult
- Unité des Rickettsies, Faculté de Médecine, CNRSUMR6020, Université de la Méditerranée, 13385 Marseille Cedex 05, France
| | - Elan Z. Eisenmesser
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Health Science Center, School of Medicine, 12801 E 17 Ave, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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