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Kondou R, Akiyama Y, Iizuka A, Miyata H, Maeda C, Kanematsu A, Watanabe K, Ashizawa T, Nagashima T, Urakami K, Shimoda Y, Ohshima K, Shiomi A, Ohde Y, Terashima M, Uesaka K, Onitsuka T, Nishimura S, Hirashima Y, Hayashi N, Kiyohara Y, Tsubosa Y, Katagiri H, Niwakawa M, Takahashi K, Kashiwagi H, Nakagawa M, Ishida Y, Sugino T, Notsu A, Mori K, Takahashi M, Kenmotsu H, Yamaguchi K. Identification of tumor microenvironment-associated immunological genes as potent prognostic markers in the cancer genome analysis project HOPE. Mol Clin Oncol 2021; 15:232. [PMID: 34631056 PMCID: PMC8461598 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2021.2395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Project High-tech Omics-based Patient Evaluation (HOPE), which used whole-exome sequencing and gene expression profiling, was launched in 2014. A total of ~2,000 patients were enrolled until March 2016, and the survival time was observed up to July 2019. In our previous study, a tumor microenvironment immune type classification based on the expression levels of the programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and CD8B genes was performed based on four types: A, adaptive immune resistance; B, intrinsic induction; C, immunological ignorance; and D, tolerance. Type A (PD-L1+ and CD8B+) exhibited upregulated features of T helper 1 antitumor responses. In the present study, survival time analysis at 5 years revealed that patients in type A had a better prognosis than those in other categories [5 year survival rate (%); A (80.5) vs. B (73.9), C (73.4) and D (72.6), P=0.0005]. Based on the expression data of 293 immune response-associated genes, 62 specific genes were upregulated in the type A group. Among these genes, 18 specific genes, such as activated effector T-cell markers (CD8/CD40LG/GZMB), effector memory T-cell markers (PD-1/CD27/ICOS), chemokine markers (CXCL9/CXCL10) and activated dendritic cell markers (CD80/CD274/SLAMF1), were significantly associated with a good prognosis using overall survival time analysis. Finally, multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analyses of overall survival demonstrated that four genes (GZMB, HAVCR2, CXCL9 and CD40LG) were independent prognostic markers, and GZMB, CXCL9 and CD40LG may contribute to the survival benefit of patients in the immune type A group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Kondou
- Division of Immunotherapy, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Yasuto Akiyama
- Division of Immunotherapy, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Akira Iizuka
- Division of Immunotherapy, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Haruo Miyata
- Division of Immunotherapy, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Chie Maeda
- Division of Immunotherapy, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Akari Kanematsu
- Division of Immunotherapy, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Kyoko Watanabe
- Division of Immunotherapy, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Tadashi Ashizawa
- Division of Immunotherapy, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nagashima
- Division of Cancer Diagnostics Research, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan.,Special Reference Laboratory, Tokyo 191-0002, Japan
| | - Kenichi Urakami
- Division of Cancer Diagnostics Research, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Yuji Shimoda
- Division of Cancer Diagnostics Research, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan.,Special Reference Laboratory, Tokyo 191-0002, Japan
| | - Keiichi Ohshima
- Medical Genetics Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Akio Shiomi
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Yasuhisa Ohde
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Masanori Terashima
- Division of Gastric Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Uesaka
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Onitsuka
- Division of Head and Neck Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Nishimura
- Division of Breast Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Hirashima
- Division of Gynecology, Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Nakamasa Hayashi
- Division of Neurosurgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Yoshio Kiyohara
- Division of Dermatology, Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Tsubosa
- Division of Esophageal Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Hirohisa Katagiri
- Division of Orthopedic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Masashi Niwakawa
- Division of Urology, Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Kaoru Takahashi
- Division of Breast Oncology Center, Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Hiroya Kashiwagi
- Division of Ophthalmology, Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nakagawa
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Yuji Ishida
- Division of Pediatrics, Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Takashi Sugino
- Division of Pathology, Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Akifumi Notsu
- Clinical Trial Coordination Office, Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Keita Mori
- Clinical Trial Coordination Office, Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Takahashi
- Division of Orthopedic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Kenmotsu
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
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