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Zai W, Hu K, Ye J, Ding J, Huang C, Li Y, Fang Z, Wu M, Wang C, Chen J, Yuan Z. Long-Term Hepatitis B Virus Infection Induces Cytopathic Effects in Primary Human Hepatocytes, and Can Be Partially Reversed by Antiviral Therapy. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0132821. [PMID: 35171034 PMCID: PMC8849052 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01328-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic infection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains a major health burden worldwide. While the immune response has been recognized to play crucial roles in HBV pathogenesis, the direct cytopathic effects of HBV infection and replication on host hepatocytes and the HBV-host interactions are only partially defined due to limited culture systems. Here, based on our recently developed 5 chemical-cultured primary human hepatocytes (5C-PHHs) model that supports long-term HBV infection, we performed multiplexed quantitative analysis of temporal changes of host proteome and transcriptome on PHHs infected by HBV for up to 4 weeks. We showed that metabolic-, complement-, cytoskeleton-, mitochondrial-, and oxidation-related pathways were modulated at transcriptional or posttranscriptional levels during long-term HBV infection, which led to cytopathic effects and could be partially rescued by early, rather than late, nucleot(s)ide analog (NA) administration and could be significantly relieved by blocking viral antigens with RNA interference (RNAi). Overexpression screening of the dysregulated proteins identified a series of host factors that may contribute to pro- or anti-HBV responses of the infected hepatocytes. In conclusion, our results suggest that long-term HBV infection in primary human hepatocytes leads to cytopathic effects through remodeling the proteome and transcriptome and early antiviral treatment may reduce the extent of such effects, indicating a role of virological factors in HBV pathogenesis and a potential benefit of early administration of antiviral treatment. IMPORTANCE Global temporal quantitative proteomic and transcriptomic analysis using long-term hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected primary human hepatocytes uncovered extensive remodeling of the host proteome and transcriptome and revealed cytopathic effects of long-term viral replication. Metabolic-, complement-, cytoskeleton-, mitochondrial-, and oxidation-related pathways were modulated at transcriptional or posttranscriptional levels, which could be partially rescued by early, rather than late, NA therapy and could be relieved by blocking viral antigens with RNAi. Overexpression screening identified a series of pro- or anti-HBV host factors. These data have deepened the understanding of the mechanisms of viral pathogenesis and HBV-host interactions in hepatocytes, with implications for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Zai
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kongying Hu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianyu Ye
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiahui Ding
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaming Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhong Fang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Wu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cong Wang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jieliang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Unit of Cure of Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenghong Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Unit of Cure of Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
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