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Raju CM, Elpa DP, Urban PL. Automation and Computerization of (Bio)sensing Systems. ACS Sens 2024; 9:1033-1048. [PMID: 38363106 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c01887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Sensing systems necessitate automation to reduce human effort, increase reproducibility, and enable remote sensing. In this perspective, we highlight different types of sensing systems with elements of automation, which are based on flow injection and sequential injection analysis, microfluidics, robotics, and other prototypes addressing specific real-world problems. Finally, we discuss the role of computer technology in sensing systems. Automated flow injection and sequential injection techniques offer precise and efficient sample handling and dependable outcomes. They enable continuous analysis of numerous samples, boosting throughput, and saving time and resources. They enhance safety by minimizing contact with hazardous chemicals. Microfluidic systems are enhanced by automation to enable precise control of parameters and increase of analysis speed. Robotic sampling and sample preparation platforms excel in precise execution of intricate, repetitive tasks such as sample handling, dilution, and transfer. These platforms enhance efficiency by multitasking, use minimal sample volumes, and they seamlessly integrate with analytical instruments. Other sensor prototypes utilize mechanical devices and computer technology to address real-world issues, offering efficient, accurate, and economical real-time solutions for analyte identification and quantification in remote areas. Computer technology is crucial in modern sensing systems, enabling data acquisition, signal processing, real-time analysis, and data storage. Machine learning and artificial intelligence enhance predictions from the sensor data, supporting the Internet of Things with efficient data management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chamarthi Maheswar Raju
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
| | - Decibel P Elpa
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
| | - Pawel L Urban
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
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Caron G, Vasseur M, Courtin J, Masse M, Décaudin B, Genay S, Odou P, Simon N. Evaluation of cancer drug infusion devices prior to the implementation of a compounding robot. J Oncol Pharm Pract 2024; 30:251-256. [PMID: 37203170 DOI: 10.1177/10781552231170792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Compounding robots are increasingly being implemented in hospital pharmacies. In our hospital, the recent acquisition of a robot (RIVATM, ARxIUM) for intravenous cancer drug compounding obliged us to replace the previously used infusion devices. The objective of the present study was to assess and qualify the new intravenous sets prior to their use in our hospital and prior to the implementation of the compounding robot. MATERIALS AND METHODS The ChemoLockTM (ICU Medical) was compared with the devices used previously for compounding (BD PhaSealTM, Becton-Dickinson) and infusion (Connect-ZTM, Codan Medical). The connection/disconnection of infusion devices to/from 50 mL infusion bags was tested with a dynamometer (Multitest-i, Mecmesin). Leakage contamination was visualized by a methylene blue assay and was quantified in simulated pump infusions with 20 mg/mL quinine sulfate (N = 36/group); after the analytical assay had been validated, quinine was detected by UV-spectrophotometry at 280 and 330 nm. Groups were compared using chi-squared or Mann-Whitney U tests. RESULTS The connection/disconnection test showed that although all the devices complied with the current standard, there was a statistically significant difference in the mean ± standard deviation compression force (51.5 ± 11.6 for the Connect-ZTM vs. 60.3 ± 11.7 for the ChemoLockTM; p = 0.0005). Leaks were detected in 32 (29.1%) of the 110 tests of the ChemoLockTM. The contamination rates were also significantly different: 13.9% for the BD PhaSealTM versus 75.0% for the ChemoLockTM; p < 0.0001). DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION Our results showed that the new infusion device complied with current standards. However, the presence of contamination emphasizes the need for operators to use the recommended personal protective equipment. Further studies of contamination with cancer drugs are required.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michèle Vasseur
- Institut de Pharmacie, CHU Lille, Lille, France
- Université de Lille, CHU Lille, ULR 7365 - GRITA - Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées, Lille, France
| | | | - Morgane Masse
- Institut de Pharmacie, CHU Lille, Lille, France
- Université de Lille, CHU Lille, ULR 7365 - GRITA - Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées, Lille, France
| | - Bertrand Décaudin
- Institut de Pharmacie, CHU Lille, Lille, France
- Université de Lille, CHU Lille, ULR 7365 - GRITA - Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées, Lille, France
| | - Stéphanie Genay
- Institut de Pharmacie, CHU Lille, Lille, France
- Université de Lille, CHU Lille, ULR 7365 - GRITA - Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées, Lille, France
| | - Pascal Odou
- Institut de Pharmacie, CHU Lille, Lille, France
- Université de Lille, CHU Lille, ULR 7365 - GRITA - Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées, Lille, France
| | - Nicolas Simon
- Institut de Pharmacie, CHU Lille, Lille, France
- Université de Lille, CHU Lille, ULR 7365 - GRITA - Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées, Lille, France
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Hawryluk M, Dudkiewicz Ł, Polak S, Barełkowski A, Miżejewski A, Szymańska T. Improvement of the Technology of Precision Forging of Connecting Rod-Type Forgings in a Multiple System, in the Aspect of the Possibilities of Process Robotization by Means of Numerical Modeling. Materials (Basel) 2024; 17:1087. [PMID: 38473559 DOI: 10.3390/ma17051087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
The study refers to the application of numerical modeling for the improvement of the currently realized precision forging technology performed on a hammer to produce connecting rod forgings in a triple system through the development of an additional rolling pass to be used before the roughing operation as well as preparation of the charge to be held by the robot's grippers in order to implement future process robotization. The studies included an analysis of the present forging technology together with the dimension-shape requirements for the forgings, which constituted the basis for the construction and development of a thermo-mechanical numerical model as well as the design of the tool construction with the consideration of the additional rolling pass with the use of the calculation package Forge 3.0 NxT. The following stage of research was the realization of multi-variant numerical simulations of the newly developed forging process with the consideration of robotization, as a result of which the following were obtained: proper filling of the tool impressions (including the roller's impression) by the deformed material, the temperature distributions for the forging and the tools as well as plastic deformations (considering the thermally activated phenomena), changes in the grain size as well as the forging force and energy courses. The obtained results were verified under industrial conditions and correlated with respect to the forgings obtained in the technology applied so far. The achieved results of technological tests confirmed that the changes introduced into the tool construction and the preform geometry reduced the diameter, and thus also the volume, of the charge as well as provided a possibility of implementing robotization and automatization of the forging process in the future. The obtained results showed that the introduction of an additional rolling blank resulted in a reduction in forging forces and energy by 30% while reducing the hammer blow by one. Attempts to implement robotization into the process were successful and did not adversely affect the geometry or quality of forgings, increasing production efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Hawryluk
- Department of Metal Forming, Welding and Metrology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Lukasiewicza Street 5, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Łukasz Dudkiewicz
- Department of Metal Forming, Welding and Metrology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Lukasiewicza Street 5, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
- Schraner Polska, Lotnicza Street 21G, 99-100 Łęczyca, Poland
| | - Sławomir Polak
- Department of Metal Forming, Welding and Metrology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Lukasiewicza Street 5, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Artur Barełkowski
- Department of Metal Forming, Welding and Metrology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Lukasiewicza Street 5, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
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Kim J, Kwon YK, Kim HW, Seol KH, Cho BK. Robot Technology for Pork and Beef Meat Slaughtering Process: A Review. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13040651. [PMID: 36830438 PMCID: PMC9951719 DOI: 10.3390/ani13040651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, many slaughterhouses have begun to introduce automation and quality evaluation sensing equipment to the slaughter processing line to overcome insufficient human resources, improve the efficiency of the slaughter process, and standardize meat quality. Various processing instruments and sensing technologies may be used depending on the livestock to be slaughtered, but a standardized process design for a smart slaughterhouse remains to be established. Slaughterhouses are becoming more industrialized, leveraging data collection and analysis to drive growth and increase production. Therefore, slaughterhouse automation is essential for meeting production demand, and an optimized design suitable for the size of each company is required to maximize economical equipment and systems. We introduce robot technology used in the slaughterhouse and detail the visceral laparotomy, carcass preprocessing, and deboning robot technology. In this study, we examine slaughterhouse automation equipment and technologies, focusing on optimizing the processing lines, the direction of application, and the hygiene of robot technique. We hope this review will provide insight into slaughterhouse automation for decision making in the slaughter industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juntae Kim
- Department of Biosystems Machinery Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Kil Kwon
- XCore System Co., Ltd., Sejong 30141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoun-Wook Kim
- Animal Products Research and Development Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Kuk-Hwan Seol
- Animal Products Research and Development Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung-Kwan Cho
- Department of Biosystems Machinery Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
- Department of Smart Agricultural Systems, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence:
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Gruson D. [The effects of the deployment of artificial intelligence on the healthcare professions]. Soins 2022; 67:26-28. [PMID: 36253060 DOI: 10.1016/j.soin.2022.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the effects of the spread of artificial intelligence and robotization on the healthcare professions must be free of prejudice. In this way, it will be possible to promote a real methodology for evaluating and supporting these transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Gruson
- Chaire santé de Sciences-Po, 13 rue de l'Université, 75007 Paris, France; Luminess, 11 boulevard de Sébastopol, 75001 Paris, France; Ethik-IA, 14 bis boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75005 Paris, France.
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Coelho MM. Human: true or false? Man, myth and cinema. J Anal Psychol 2022; 67:196-207. [PMID: 35417573 DOI: 10.1111/1468-5922.12757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The fear of robots is recurrent in science fiction literature and cinema. However, I see the robotization of humans in contemporary society is increasing. Identity crisis, automation, dehumanization: what distinguishes human from android? The film Blade Runner, from Ridley Scott (1982), points out aspects of identity, memory, empathy and bond, escaping the Manichean dualism between humans and androids, provoking questions about society and the human condition. The work of art fulfills a visionary function when it captures and translates to the collective aspects of the spirit of the time, transposing into questions and new forms, anticipating and problematizing themes, foreseeing possible solutions, mobilizing the collective conscience. This article presents an analysis based on some thematic snippets from Blade Runner and tries to answer the questions: which mythical themes emerging from the collective consciousness take shape in this classic film? How does the work update the myth?
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Bladergroen MR, Reiding KR, Hipgrave Ederveen AL, Vreeker GCM, Clerc F, Holst S, Bondt A, Wuhrer M, van der Burgt YEM. Automation of High-Throughput Mass Spectrometry-Based Plasma N-Glycome Analysis with Linkage-Specific Sialic Acid Esterification. J Proteome Res 2015; 14:4080-6. [PMID: 26179816 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Glycosylation is a post-translational modification of key importance with heterogeneous structural characteristics. Previously, we have developed a robust, high-throughput MALDI-TOF-MS method for the comprehensive profiling of human plasma N-glycans. In this approach, sialic acid residues are derivatized with linkage-specificity, namely the ethylation of α2,6-linked sialic acid residues with parallel lactone formation of α2,3-linked sialic acids. In the current study, this procedure was used as a starting point for the automation of all steps on a liquid-handling robot system. This resulted in a time-efficient and fully standardized procedure with throughput times of 2.5 h for a first set of 96 samples and approximately 1 h extra for each additional sample plate. The mass analysis of the thus-obtained glycans was highly reproducible in terms of relative quantification, with improved interday repeatability as compared to that of manual processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco R Bladergroen
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC) , PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Karli R Reiding
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC) , PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Agnes L Hipgrave Ederveen
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC) , PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gerda C M Vreeker
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC) , PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Florent Clerc
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC) , PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Stephanie Holst
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC) , PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Bondt
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC) , PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department of Rheumatology, Erasmus University Medical Center , 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Manfred Wuhrer
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC) , PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.,Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, VU University Amsterdam , 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yuri E M van der Burgt
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC) , PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
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