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Soldati KR, Jiang Y, Brandt BW, Exterkate RAM, Buijs MJ, Nazmi K, Kaman WE, Cheng L, Bikker FJ, Crielaard W, Zandim-Barcelos DL, Deng DM. Differential Modulation of Saliva-Derived Microcosm Biofilms by Antimicrobial Peptide LL-31 and D-LL-31. Pathogens 2023; 12:1295. [PMID: 38003760 PMCID: PMC10675243 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12111295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbiome modulation, aiming to restore a health-compatible microbiota, is a novel strategy to treat periodontitis. This study evaluated the modulation effects of antimicrobial peptide LL-31 and its D-enantiomer (D-LL-31) on saliva-derived microcosm biofilms, spiked with or without Porphyromonas gingivalis. To this end, one-day-old biofilms were incubated for 24 h with biofilm medium alone, or medium containing 40 µM LL-31 or D-LL-31, after which biofilms were grown for 5 days. Biofilms were assessed at 1 day and 5 days after intervention for the total viable cell counts, dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP4) activity, P. gingivalis amount (by qPCR) and microbial composition (by sequencing). The results showed that D-LL-31, not LL-31, significantly reduced the total viable cell counts, the P. gingivalis amount, and the DPP4 activity of the biofilms spiked with P. gingivalis, but only at 1 day after intervention. In the biofilms spiked with P. gingivalis, D-LL-31 tended to reduce the α-diversity and the compositional shift of the biofilms in time as compared to the control and LL-31 groups. In conclusion, D-LL-31 showed a better performance than LL-31 in biofilm modulation. The biofilm modulation function of the peptides could be impaired when the biofilms were in a severely dysbiotic state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kahena R. Soldati
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (K.R.S.); (Y.J.); (B.W.B.); (R.A.M.E.); (M.J.B.); (W.C.)
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Universidade Estadual Paulista—UNESP, Araraquara 1680, SP, Brazil;
| | - Yaling Jiang
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (K.R.S.); (Y.J.); (B.W.B.); (R.A.M.E.); (M.J.B.); (W.C.)
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;
| | - Bernd W. Brandt
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (K.R.S.); (Y.J.); (B.W.B.); (R.A.M.E.); (M.J.B.); (W.C.)
| | - Rob A. M. Exterkate
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (K.R.S.); (Y.J.); (B.W.B.); (R.A.M.E.); (M.J.B.); (W.C.)
| | - Mark J. Buijs
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (K.R.S.); (Y.J.); (B.W.B.); (R.A.M.E.); (M.J.B.); (W.C.)
| | - Kamran Nazmi
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (K.N.); (W.E.K.); (F.J.B.)
| | - Wendy E. Kaman
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (K.N.); (W.E.K.); (F.J.B.)
| | - Lei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;
| | - Floris J. Bikker
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (K.N.); (W.E.K.); (F.J.B.)
| | - Wim Crielaard
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (K.R.S.); (Y.J.); (B.W.B.); (R.A.M.E.); (M.J.B.); (W.C.)
| | - Daniela L. Zandim-Barcelos
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Universidade Estadual Paulista—UNESP, Araraquara 1680, SP, Brazil;
| | - Dong Mei Deng
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (K.R.S.); (Y.J.); (B.W.B.); (R.A.M.E.); (M.J.B.); (W.C.)
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