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Hines IS, Smith SA, Kuhn DD, Stevens AM. Development of a Controlled Laboratory-scale Inoculation System to Study Vibrio parahaemolyticus-oyster Interactions. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2022; 369:6605330. [PMID: 35687396 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnac055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Prevalence of seafood-borne gastroenteritis caused by the human pathogen Vibrio parahaemolyticus is increasing globally despite current preventative measures. The United States Centers for Disease Control have designated V. parahaemolyticus as a reportable emerging human pathogen. The Eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) is a natural reservoir of the bacterium in marine environments, but little is actually known regarding interactions between oysters and V. parahaemolyticus. Therefore, a laboratory-scale Biosafety Level-2 (BSL2) inoculation system was developed wherein Chesapeake Bay region oysters harvested during summer or winter months, were exposed to the clinical RIMD2210633 strain carrying a chloramphenicol-selective marker (VP RIMDmC). Homogenized whole oyster tissues were spread on selective and differential agar medium to measure viable VP RIMDmC levels. Endogenous Vibrio spp. cell numbers were significantly reduced followed chloramphenicol treatment and this likely contributed to higher VP RIMDmC oyster-associated levels, especially using winter-harvested animals. Summer-harvested oysters had significantly higher existing Vibrio levels and a lower level of artificial oyster-associated VP RIMDmC. Thus, the pre-existing microbiome appears to afford some protection from an external V. parahaemolyticus challenge. Overall, this system successfully enabled controlled manipulation of parameters influencing V. parahaemolyticus-oyster interactions and will be useful in safely testing additional pertinent environmental variables and potential mitigation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian S Hines
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.,Center for Emerging, Zoonotic, and Arthropod-borne Pathogens, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Stephen A Smith
- Center for Emerging, Zoonotic, and Arthropod-borne Pathogens, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.,Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - David D Kuhn
- Center for Emerging, Zoonotic, and Arthropod-borne Pathogens, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.,Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Ann M Stevens
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.,Center for Emerging, Zoonotic, and Arthropod-borne Pathogens, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
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