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Salles ÉL, Emami Naeini S, Bhandari B, Khodadadi H, Threlkeld E, Rezaee S, Meeks W, Meeks A, Awe A, El-Marakby A, Yu JC, Wang LP, Baban B. Sexual Dimorphism in the Polarization of Cardiac ILCs through Elabela. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 45:223-232. [PMID: 36661503 PMCID: PMC9856941 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Elabela is a component of the apelinergic system and may exert a cardioprotective role by regulating the innate immune responses. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) have a significant role in initiating and progressing immune-inflammatory responses. While ILCs have been intensively investigated during the last decade, little is known about their relationship with the apelinergic system and their cardiac diversity in a gender-based paradigm. In this study, we investigated the polarization of cardiac ILCs by Elabela in males versus females in a mouse model. Using flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry analyses, we showed a potential interplay between Elabela and cardiac ILCs and whether such interactions depend on sexual dimorphism. Our findings showed, for the first time, that Elabela is expressed by cardiac ILCs, and its expression is higher in females' ILC class 3 (ILC3s) compared to males. Females had higher frequencies of ILC1s, and Elabela was able to suppress T-cell activation and the expression of co-stimulatory CD28 in a mixed lymphocyte reaction assay (MLR). In conclusion, our results suggest, for the first time, a protective role for Elabela through its interplay with ILCs and that it can be used as an immunotherapeutic target in the treatment of cardiovascular disorders in a gender-based fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Évila Lopes Salles
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(706)-721-3181
| | - Sahar Emami Naeini
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Bidhan Bhandari
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Hesam Khodadadi
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Edie Threlkeld
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Sholeh Rezaee
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - William Meeks
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Avery Meeks
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Aderemi Awe
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Ahmed El-Marakby
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Jack C. Yu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Lei P. Wang
- Medicinal Cannabis of Georgia LLC, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Babak Baban
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
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Davis HM, Deosthale PJ, Pacheco-Costa R, Essex AL, Atkinson EG, Aref MW, Dilley JE, Bellido T, Ivan M, Allen M, Plotkin LI. Osteocytic miR21 deficiency improves bone strength independent of sex despite having sex divergent effects on osteocyte viability and bone turnover. FEBS J 2020; 287:941-963. [PMID: 31532878 PMCID: PMC7396683 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Osteocytes play a critical role in mediating cell-cell communication and regulating bone homeostasis, and osteocyte apoptosis is associated with increased bone resorption. miR21, an oncogenic microRNA, regulates bone metabolism by acting directly on osteoblasts and osteoclasts, but its role in osteocytes is not clear. Here, we show that osteocytic miR21 deletion has sex-divergent effects in bone. In females, miR21 deletion reduces osteocyte viability, but suppresses bone turnover. Conversely, in males, miR21 deletion increases osteocyte viability, but stimulates bone turnover and enhances bone structure. Further, miR21 deletion differentially alters osteocyte cytokine production in the two sexes. Interestingly, despite these changes, miR21 deletion increases bone mechanical properties in both sexes, albeit to a greater extent in males. Collectively, our findings suggest that miR21 exerts both sex-divergent and sex-equivalent roles in osteocytes, regulating osteocyte viability and altering bone metabolism through paracrine actions on osteoblasts and osteoclasts differentially in males vs females, whereas, influencing bone mechanical properties independent of sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah M. Davis
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | | | | | - Alyson L. Essex
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Emily G. Atkinson
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Mohammad W. Aref
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Julian E. Dilley
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Teresita Bellido
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Division of Endocrinology Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Mircea Ivan
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Matthew Allen
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Lilian I. Plotkin
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
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Romero A, Ramirez-Rozzi FV, Pérez-Pérez A. Dental size variability in Central African Pygmy hunter-gatherers and Bantu-speaking farmers. Am J Phys Anthropol 2018; 166:671-681. [PMID: 29566431 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.23458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Odontometric studies of African populations show high within-group variation in tooth size. Overall, North Africans exhibit smaller dimensions than groups from eastern and southern sub-Saharan regions, but no previous studies have analyzed the full dental metrics among extant African Pygmy hunter-gatherers and Bantu-speaking farmers. Furthermore, the population variability in tooth crown sizes from equatorial rainforest regions remains to be elucidated. MATERIALS AND METHODS The mesiodistal and buccolingual diameters of the permanent teeth (I1-M2) were measured in vivo using high-resolution replicas from Baka Pygmies and Mvae and Yassa Bantu-speakers from Cameroon (western Africa). Analyses of variance were used to record sex-related and population-level differences in tooth sizes, and a principal component analysis of geometrically scaled measures was used to plot the odontometric variability among groups. RESULTS Cameroonian Baka Pygmies differ in dental size from their Bantu-speaking neighbors. Molar teeth are larger in Pygmies than in Bantu individuals, while the anterior dentition is larger in the Bantu. Baka males exhibit significantly larger teeth than females, whereas sexual dimorphism in non-Pygmies is only present in the anterior dentition. DISCUSSION Odontometric patterns and the degree of sexual dimorphism in dental size differ among Central African groups, indicating adaptation to their different forager and farmer lifestyles. In particular, the admixture of Bantu-speakers in Baka populations is smaller than that in other western Pygmy groups. The greater dental phenetic diversity in Baka compared to that of the smaller-toothed farmers suggests that ecogenetic and microevolutionary factors are influencing a particular divergence scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Romero
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, 03080, Spain
| | | | - Alejandro Pérez-Pérez
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciencies Ambientals, Secció Zoologia i Antropologia Biològica, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
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Pavlou HJ, Lin AC, Neville MC, Nojima T, Diao F, Chen BE, White BH, Goodwin SF. Neural circuitry coordinating male copulation. eLife 2016; 5:e20713. [PMID: 27855059 PMCID: PMC5114013 DOI: 10.7554/elife.20713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Copulation is the goal of the courtship process, crucial to reproductive success and evolutionary fitness. Identifying the circuitry underlying copulation is a necessary step towards understanding universal principles of circuit operation, and how circuit elements are recruited into the production of ordered action sequences. Here, we identify key sex-specific neurons that mediate copulation in Drosophila, and define a sexually dimorphic motor circuit in the male abdominal ganglion that mediates the action sequence of initiating and terminating copulation. This sexually dimorphic circuit composed of three neuronal classes - motor neurons, interneurons and mechanosensory neurons - controls the mechanics of copulation. By correlating the connectivity, function and activity of these neurons we have determined the logic for how this circuitry is coordinated to generate this male-specific behavior, and sets the stage for a circuit-level dissection of active sensing and modulation of copulatory behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hania J Pavlou
- Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew C Lin
- Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Megan C Neville
- Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Tetsuya Nojima
- Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Fengqiu Diao
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Brian E Chen
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Benjamin H White
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Stephen F Goodwin
- Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Glass K, Quackenbush J, Silverman EK, Celli B, Rennard SI, Yuan GC, DeMeo DL. Sexually-dimorphic targeting of functionally-related genes in COPD. BMC Syst Biol 2014; 8:118. [PMID: 25431000 PMCID: PMC4269917 DOI: 10.1186/s12918-014-0118-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is growing evidence that many diseases develop, progress, and respond to therapy differently in men and women. This variability may manifest as a result of sex-specific structures in gene regulatory networks that influence how those networks operate. However, there are few methods to identify and characterize differences in network structure, slowing progress in understanding mechanisms driving sexual dimorphism. RESULTS Here we apply an integrative network inference method, PANDA (Passing Attributes between Networks for Data Assimilation), to model sex-specific networks in blood and sputum samples from subjects with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). We used a jack-knifing approach to build an ensemble of likely networks for each sex. By adapting statistical methods to compare these network ensembles, we were able to identify strong differential-targeting patterns associated with functionally-related sets of genes, including those involved in mitochondrial function and energy metabolism. Network analysis also identified several potential sex- and disease-specific transcriptional regulators of these pathways. CONCLUSIONS Network analysis yielded insight into potential mechanisms driving sexual dimorphism in COPD that were not evident from gene expression analysis alone. We believe our ensemble approach to network analysis provides a principled way to capture sex-specific regulatory relationships and could be applied to identify differences in gene regulatory patterns in a wide variety of diseases and contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly Glass
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - John Quackenbush
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Edwin K Silverman
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Bartolome Celli
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Stephen I Rennard
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
| | - Guo-Cheng Yuan
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Dawn L DeMeo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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