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Rastegari M, Karimian N, Johnston SG, Doherty SJ, Hamilton JL, Choppala G, Hosseinpour Moghaddam M, Burton ED. Antimony(V) Incorporation into Schwertmannite: Critical Insights on Antimony Retention in Acidic Environments. Environ Sci Technol 2022; 56:17776-17784. [PMID: 36445713 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c07341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study examines incorporation of Sb(V) into schwertmannite─an Fe(III) oxyhydroxysulfate mineral that can be an important Sb host phase in acidic environments. Schwertmannite was synthesized from solutions containing a range of Sb(V)/Fe(III) ratios, and the resulting solids were investigated using geochemical analysis, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), dissolution kinetic experiments, and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy. Shell-fitting and wavelet transform analyses of Sb K-edge EXAFS data, together with congruent Sb and Fe release during schwertmannite dissolution, indicate that schwertmannite incorporates Sb(V) via heterovalent substitution for Fe(III). Elemental analysis combined with XRD and Fe K-edge EXAFS spectroscopy shows that schwertmannite can incorporate Sb(V) via this mechanism at up to about 8 mol % substitution when formed from solutions having Sb/Fe ratios ≤0.04 (higher ratios inhibit schwertmannite formation). Incorporation of Sb(V) into schwertmannite involves formation of edge and double-corner sharing linkages between SbVO6 and FeIII(O,OH)6 octahedra which strongly stabilize schwertmannite against dissolution. This implies that Sb(V)-coprecipitated schwertmannite may represent a potential long-term sink for Sb in acidic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Rastegari
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia
| | - Niloofar Karimian
- School of Earth, Atmosphere & Environment, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
- CSIRO Mineral Resources, Clayton South, VIC 3169, Australia
| | - Scott G Johnston
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia
| | - Steven J Doherty
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia
- School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2350, Australia
| | | | - Girish Choppala
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | | | - Edward D Burton
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia
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