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Turnbull J, Jha R, Ortori CA, Lunt E, Tighe PJ, Irving WL, Gohir SA, Kim DH, Valdes AM, Tarr AW, Barrett DA, Chapman V. Serum levels of pro-inflammatory lipid mediators and specialised pro-resolving molecules are increased in SARS-CoV-2 patients and correlate with markers of the adaptive immune response. J Infect Dis 2022; 225:2142-2154. [PMID: 34979019 PMCID: PMC8755389 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiab632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Specialized proresolution molecules (SPMs) halt the transition to chronic pathogenic inflammation. We aimed to quantify serum levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory bioactive lipids in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) patients, and to identify potential relationships with innate responses and clinical outcome. Methods Serum from 50 hospital admitted inpatients (22 female, 28 male) with confirmed symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection and 94 age- and sex-matched controls collected prior to the pandemic (SARS-CoV-2 negative), were processed for quantification of bioactive lipids and anti-nucleocapsid and anti-spike quantitative binding assays. Results SARS-CoV-2 serum had significantly higher concentrations of omega-6–derived proinflammatory lipids and omega-6– and omega-3–derived SPMs, compared to the age- and sex-matched SARS-CoV-2–negative group, which were not markedly altered by age or sex. There were significant positive correlations between SPMs, proinflammatory bioactive lipids, and anti-spike antibody binding. Levels of some SPMs were significantly higher in patients with an anti-spike antibody value >0.5. Levels of linoleic acid and 5,6-dihydroxy-8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatrienoic acid were significantly lower in SARS-CoV-2 patients who died. Conclusions SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with increased levels of SPMs and other pro- and anti-inflammatory bioactive lipids, supporting the future investigation of the underlying enzymatic pathways, which may inform the development of novel treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Turnbull
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK.,Centre for Analytical Bioscience, Advanced Materials and Healthcare Technologies Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Rakesh Jha
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK.,Centre for Analytical Bioscience, Advanced Materials and Healthcare Technologies Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Catherine A Ortori
- Centre for Analytical Bioscience, Advanced Materials and Healthcare Technologies Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Eleanor Lunt
- Department of Health Care for Older People (HCOP), Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, UK
| | - Patrick J Tighe
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - William L Irving
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK.,School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Sameer A Gohir
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK.,Academic Rheumatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- Centre for Analytical Bioscience, Advanced Materials and Healthcare Technologies Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Ana M Valdes
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK.,Pain Centre Versus Arthritis, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Academic Rheumatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Alexander W Tarr
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK.,School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - David A Barrett
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK.,Centre for Analytical Bioscience, Advanced Materials and Healthcare Technologies Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Victoria Chapman
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK.,School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Pain Centre Versus Arthritis, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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