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Khan W, Augustine D, Rao RS, Patil S, Awan KH, Sowmya SV, Haragannavar VC, Prasad K. Lipid metabolism in cancer: A systematic review. J Carcinog 2021; 20:4. [PMID: 34321955 PMCID: PMC8312377 DOI: 10.4103/jcar.jcar_15_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Preclinical studies and clinical trials have emphasized the decisive role of lipid metabolism in tumor proliferation and metastasis. This systematic review aimed to explore the existing literature to evaluate the role and significance of the genes and pathways most commonly involved in the regulation of lipid metabolism in cancer. The literature search was performed as per Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses. Approximately 2396 research articles were initially selected, of which 215 were identified as potentially relevant for abstract review. Upon further scrutiny, 62 of the 215 studies were reviews, seminars, or presentations, and 44 were original study articles and were thus included in the systematic review. The predominant gene involved in lipid metabolism in cancer was stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase 1 (SCD1), followed by fatty acid synthase (FASN). The pathway most commonly involved in lipid metabolism in cancer was the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) signaling pathway, followed by the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. SCD1 and FASN play significant roles in the initiation and progression of cancer and represent attractive targets for potentially effective anti-cancer treatment strategies. The regulation of cancer metabolism by the Akt kinases will be an interesting topic of future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafa Khan
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Dominic Augustine
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Roopa S Rao
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kamran Habib Awan
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, Utah, United States
| | - Samudrala Venkatesiah Sowmya
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Vanishri C Haragannavar
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Kavitha Prasad
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Sciences, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Hao P, Cui X, Liu J, Li M, Fu Y, Liu Q. Identification and characterization of stearoyl-CoA desaturase in Toxoplasma gondii. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2019; 51:615-626. [PMID: 31139819 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmz040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Few information of the function of stearoyl-coenzyme A (CoA) desaturase (SCD) in apicomplaxan parasite has been obtained. In this study, we retrieved a putative fatty acyl-CoA desaturase (TGGT1_238950) by a protein alignment with Plasmodium falciparum SCD in ToxoDB. A typical Δ9-desaturase domain was revealed in this protein. The putative desaturase was tagged with HA endogenously in Toxoplasma gondii, and the endoplasmic reticulum localization of the putative desaturase was revealed, which was consistent with the fatty acid desaturases in other organisms. Therefore, the TGGT1_238950 was designated T. gondii SCD. Based on CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology, SCD conditional knockout mutants in the T. gondii TATi strain were obtained. The growth in vitro and pathogenicity in mice of the mutants suggested that SCD might be dispensable for tachyzoite growth and proliferation. The SCD-overexpressing line was constructed to further explore SCD function. The portion of palmitoleic acid and oleic acid were increased in SCD-overexpressing parasites, compared with the RH parental strain, indicating that T. gondii indeed is competent for unsaturated fatty acid synthesis. The SCD-overexpressing tachyzoites propagated slower than the parental strain, with a decreased invasion capability and weaker pathogenicity in mice. The TgIF2α phosphorylation and the expression changes of several genes demonstrated that ER stress was triggered in the SCD-overexpressing parasites, which were more apt toward autophagy and apoptosis. The function of unsaturated fatty acid synthesis of TgSCD was consistent with our hypothesis. On the other hand, SCD might also be involved in tachyzoite autophagy and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Hao
- National Animal Protozoa Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Patent Examination Cooperation Sichuan Center of the Patent Office, CNIPA, Chengdu, China
| | - Xia Cui
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Research Centre for Preventive Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Liu
- National Animal Protozoa Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Muzi Li
- National Animal Protozoa Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Fu
- National Animal Protozoa Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qun Liu
- National Animal Protozoa Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Rodriguez‐Perez N, Schiavi E, Frei R, Ferstl R, Wawrzyniak P, Smolinska S, Sokolowska M, Sievi N, Kohler M, Schmid‐Grendelmeier P, Michalovich D, Simpson K, Hessel E, Jutel M, Martin‐Fontecha M, Palomares O, Akdis C, O'Mahony L. Altered fatty acid metabolism and reduced stearoyl-coenzyme a desaturase activity in asthma. Allergy 2017; 72:1744-1752. [PMID: 28397284 DOI: 10.1111/all.13180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fatty acids and lipid mediator signaling play an important role in the pathogenesis of asthma, yet this area remains largely underexplored. The aims of this study were (i) to examine fatty acid levels and their metabolism in obese and nonobese asthma patients and (ii) to determine the functional effects of altered fatty acid metabolism in experimental models. METHODS Medium- and long-chain fatty acid levels were quantified in serum from 161 human volunteers by LC/MS. Changes in stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase (SCD) expression and activity were evaluated in the ovalbumin (OVA) and house dust mite (HDM) murine models. Primary human bronchial epithelial cells from asthma patients and controls were evaluated for SCD expression and activity. RESULTS The serum desaturation index (an indirect measure of SCD) was significantly reduced in nonobese asthma patients and in the OVA murine model. SCD1 gene expression was significantly reduced within the lungs following OVA or HDM challenge. Inhibition of SCD in mice promoted airway hyper-responsiveness. SCD1 expression was suppressed in bronchial epithelial cells from asthma patients. IL-4 and IL-13 reduced epithelial cell SCD1 expression. Inhibition of SCD reduced surfactant protein C expression and suppressed rhinovirus-induced IP-10 secretion, which was associated with increased viral titers. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to demonstrate decreased fatty acid desaturase activity in humans with asthma. Experimental models in mice and human epithelial cells suggest that inhibition of desaturase activity leads to airway hyper-responsiveness and reduced antiviral defense. SCD may represent a new target for therapeutic intervention in asthma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Rodriguez‐Perez
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
| | - E. Schiavi
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
| | - R. Frei
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE) Davos Switzerland
| | - R. Ferstl
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE) Davos Switzerland
| | - P. Wawrzyniak
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE) Davos Switzerland
| | - S. Smolinska
- Department of Clinical ImmunologyWroclaw Medical University Wroclaw Poland
- ”ALL‐MED” Medical Research Institute Wroclaw Poland
| | - M. Sokolowska
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE) Davos Switzerland
| | - N.A. Sievi
- Pulmonary Division University Hospital of Zürich Zürich Switzerland
| | - M. Kohler
- Pulmonary Division University Hospital of Zürich Zürich Switzerland
| | - P. Schmid‐Grendelmeier
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE) Davos Switzerland
- Allergy Unit Department of Dermatology University Hospital of Zürich Zürich Switzerland
| | - D. Michalovich
- Refractory Respiratory Inflammation Discovery Performance Unit GlaxoSmithKlineStevenage UK
| | - K.D. Simpson
- Refractory Respiratory Inflammation Discovery Performance Unit GlaxoSmithKlineStevenage UK
| | - E.M. Hessel
- Refractory Respiratory Inflammation Discovery Performance Unit GlaxoSmithKlineStevenage UK
| | - M. Jutel
- Department of Clinical ImmunologyWroclaw Medical University Wroclaw Poland
- ”ALL‐MED” Medical Research Institute Wroclaw Poland
| | - M. Martin‐Fontecha
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid Spain
| | - O. Palomares
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of Chemistry Complutense University Madrid Spain
| | - C.A. Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE) Davos Switzerland
| | - L. O'Mahony
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
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Park S, Yan Z, Choi C, Kim K, Lee H, Oh Y, Jeong J, Lee J, Smith SB, Choi S. Carcass and Meat Characteristics and Gene Expression in Intramuscular Adipose Tissue of Korean Native Cattle Fed Finishing Diets Supplemented with 5% Palm Oil. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour 2017; 37:168-174. [PMID: 28515640 PMCID: PMC5434203 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2017.37.1.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
We hypothesized that supplementing finishing diets with palm oil would promote adipogenic gene expression but depress stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) gene expression in intramuscular (i.m.) adipose tissues of Hanwoo steers during fattening period (from 16 to 32 mon of age). Fourteen Hanwoo steers were allotted randomly to 2 groups of 7 steers based on initial BW and fed either a basal diet (control) or the basal diet supplemented with 5% palm oil (BDSP). At slaughter, i.m. adipose tissue was harvested for analysis of adipogenic gene expression and fatty acid composition. There were no differences in BW or average daily gain between treatment groups. Supplemental palm oil had no effect on carcass quality traits (carcass weight, backfat thickness, loin muscle area, or marbling scores) or meat color values. Palm oil increased (p<0.05) expression of AMP-activated protein kinase-α and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ, but decreased (p<0.05) CAAT/enhancer binding protein-β gene expression and tended to decrease stearoyl-CoA desaturase gene expression in i.m. adipose tissue. Palm oil increased total i.m. polyunsaturated fatty acids (p<0.05) compared to the control i.m. adipose tissue, but had no effect on saturated or monounsaturated fatty acids. Although there were significant effects of supplemental palm oil on i.m. adipose tissue gene expression, the absence of negative effects on carcass and meat characteristics indicates that palm oil could be a suitable dietary supplement for the production of Hanwoo beef cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungkwon Park
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea
| | - Zhang Yan
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Changweon Choi
- Department of Animal Resources, Daegu University, Gyeongsan 38453, Korea
| | - Kyounghoon Kim
- Institute of Environmentally Friendly Livestock, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Korea
| | - Hyunjeong Lee
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology Team, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA 55365, Korea
| | - Youngkyoon Oh
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology Team, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA 55365, Korea
| | - Jinyoung Jeong
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology Team, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA 55365, Korea
| | - Jonggil Lee
- College of Hospitality and Tourism, Sejong University, Seoul 05000, Korea
| | - Stephen B Smith
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Seongho Choi
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
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