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Yang J, Song Y, Jin W, Xia K, Burnett GC, Qiao W, Bates JT, Pomin VH, Wang C, Qiao M, Linhardt RJ, Dordick JS, Zhang F. Sulfated Glycans Inhibit the Interaction of MERS-CoV Receptor Binding Domain with Heparin. Viruses 2024; 16:237. [PMID: 38400013 PMCID: PMC10892611 DOI: 10.3390/v16020237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a zoonotic virus with high contagion and mortality rates. Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) are ubiquitously expressed on the surface of mammalian cells. Owing to its high negatively charged property, heparan sulfate (HS) on the surface of host cells is used by many viruses as cofactor to facilitate viral attachment and initiate cellular entry. Therefore, inhibition of the interaction between viruses and HS could be a promising target to inhibit viral infection. In the current study, the interaction between the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of MERS-CoV and heparin was exploited to assess the inhibitory activity of various sulfated glycans such as glycosaminoglycans, marine-sourced glycans (sulfated fucans, fucosylated chondroitin sulfates, fucoidans, and rhamnan sulfate), pentosan polysulfate, and mucopolysaccharide using Surface Plasmon Resonance. We believe this study provides valuable insights for the development of sulfated glycan-based inhibitors as potential antiviral agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyuan Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (J.Y.); (W.Q.); (M.Q.)
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA; (Y.S.); (K.X.); (C.W.); (R.J.L.)
| | - Yuefan Song
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA; (Y.S.); (K.X.); (C.W.); (R.J.L.)
| | - Weihua Jin
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China;
| | - Ke Xia
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA; (Y.S.); (K.X.); (C.W.); (R.J.L.)
| | - Grace C. Burnett
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, The University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA; (G.C.B.); (J.T.B.)
| | - Wanjin Qiao
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (J.Y.); (W.Q.); (M.Q.)
| | - John T. Bates
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, The University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA; (G.C.B.); (J.T.B.)
| | - Vitor H. Pomin
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, USA;
| | - Chunyu Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA; (Y.S.); (K.X.); (C.W.); (R.J.L.)
| | - Mingqiang Qiao
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (J.Y.); (W.Q.); (M.Q.)
| | - Robert J. Linhardt
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA; (Y.S.); (K.X.); (C.W.); (R.J.L.)
- Departments of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Jonathan S. Dordick
- Departments of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Fuming Zhang
- Departments of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
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Zhang W, Jin W, Pomin VH, Zhang F, Linhardt RJ. Interactions of marine sulfated glycans with antithrombin and platelet factor 4. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:954752. [PMID: 36200072 PMCID: PMC9527323 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.954752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular interactions of sulfated glycans, such as heparin, with antithrombin (AT) and platelet factor 4 (PF4) are essential for certain biological events such as anticoagulation and heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). In this study, a library including 84 sulfated glycans (polymers and oligomers) extracted from marine algae along with several animal-originated polysaccharides were subjected to a structure-activity relationship (SAR) study regarding their specific molecular interactions with AT and PF4 using surface plasmon resonance. In this SAR study, multiple characteristics were considered including different algal species, different methods of extraction, molecular weight, monosaccharide composition, sulfate content and pattern and branching vs. linear chains. These factors were found to influence the binding affinity of the studied glycans with AT. Many polysaccharides showed stronger binding than the low molecular weight heparin (e.g., enoxaparin). Fourteen polysaccharides with strong AT-binding affinities were selected to further investigate their binding affinity with PF4. Eleven of these polysaccharides showed strong binding to PF4. It was observed that the types of monosaccharides, molecular weight and branching are not very essential particularly when these polysaccharides are oversulfated. The sulfation levels and sulfation patterns are, on the other hand, the primary contribution to strong AT and PF4 interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weihua Jin
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States,College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Weihua Jin, ; Fuming Zhang, ; Robert J. Linhardt,
| | - Vitor H. Pomin
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, The University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, United States
| | - Fuming Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States,*Correspondence: Weihua Jin, ; Fuming Zhang, ; Robert J. Linhardt,
| | - Robert J. Linhardt
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States,Departments of Biological Science, Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States,*Correspondence: Weihua Jin, ; Fuming Zhang, ; Robert J. Linhardt,
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Meng T, Wong SM, Chua KB. A Novel Attenuated Enterovirus A71 Mutant with VP1-V238A,K244R Exhibits Reduced Efficiency of Cell Entry/Exit and Augmented Binding Affinity to Sulfated Glycans. J Virol 2021; 95:e0105521. [PMID: 34468173 DOI: 10.1128/JVI.01055-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) is one of the major etiological agents of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), and infection occasionally leads to fatal neurological complications in children. However, only inactivated whole-virus vaccines against EV-A71 are commercially available in Mainland China. Furthermore, the mechanisms underlying the infectivity and pathogenesis of EV-A71 remain to be better understood. By adaptation of an EV-A71 B5 strain in monkey Vero cells in the presence of brilliant black BN (E151), an anti-EV-A71 agent, a double mutant with VP1-V238A,K244R emerged whose infection was enhanced by E151. The growth of the reverse genetics (RG) mutant RG/B5-VP1-V238A,K244R (RG/B5-AR) was promoted by E151 in Vero cells but inhibited in other human and murine cells, while its parental wild type, RG/B5-wt, was strongly prevented by E151 from infection in all tested cells. In the absence of E151, RG/B5-AR exhibited defective cell entry/exit, resulting in reduced viral transmission and growth in vitro. It had augmented binding affinity to sulfated glycans, cells, and tissue/organs, which probably functioned as decoys to restrict viral dissemination and infection. RG/B5-AR was also attenuated, with a 355 times higher 50% lethal dose (LD50) and a shorter timing of virus clearance than those of RG/B5-wt in suckling AG129 mice. However, it remained highly immunogenic in adult AG129 mice and protected their suckling mice from lethal EV-A71 challenges through maternal neutralizing antibodies. Overall, discovery of the attenuated mutant RG/B5-AR contributes to better understanding of virulence determinants of EV-A71 and to further development of novel vaccines against EV-A71. IMPORTANCE Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) is highly contagious in children and has been responsible for thousands of deaths in Asia-Pacific region since the 1990s. Unfortunately, the virulence determinants and pathogenesis of EV-A71 are not fully clear. We discovered that a novel EV-A71 mutant, VP1-V238A,K244R, showed growth attenuation with reduced efficiency of cell entry/exit. In the Vero cell line, which has been approved for manufacturing EV-A71 vaccines, the growth defects of the mutant were compensated by a food dye, brilliant black BN. The mutant also showed augmented binding affinity to sulfated glycans and other cellular components, which probably restricted viral infection and dissemination. Therefore, it was virulence attenuated in a mouse model but still retained its immunogenicity. Our findings suggest the mutant as a promising vaccine candidate against EV-A71 infection.
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Abstract
Prior investigations by our research group focused on the method development for the simultaneous analysis of sulfated and phosphorylated glycans. Herein, the developed method was applied to analyze minor acidic N-glycans including sulfated and phosphorylated N-glycans in human serum. First, 2-aminobenzoic acid-labeled minor acidic N-glycans were enriched from the serum using a serotonin-immobilized column and were then separated into groups using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography, and analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Phosphorylated hybrid-type and sulfated bi-antennary N-glycans were detected in the serum. In addition, we observed that multiple types of glucuronidated N-glycans were present. These results indicate that the developed method is applicable to the analysis of glucuronidated as well as sulfated and phosphorylated N-glycans. It was also applied to the sera obtained from 17 healthy subjects and 15 pancreatic cancer patients, and the profiles of sulfated, phosphorylated, and glucuronidated N-glycans were compared. The expressed amount of glucuronidated N-glycans was significantly decreased in some pancreatic cancer patients. Numerous examples of the N-glycan analysis in human serum were reported, but phosphorylated and glucuronidated glycans were not investigated. The methods described herein allow the analysis of minor acidic glycans that are typically difficult to detect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Yamada
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University, 3-11-1 Nishikiori-kita, Tondabayashi, Osaka 584-8540, Japan
| | - Koji Suzuki
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University, 3-11-1 Nishikiori-kita, Tondabayashi, Osaka 584-8540, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Hirohata
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University, 3-11-1 Nishikiori-kita, Tondabayashi, Osaka 584-8540, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Kinoshita
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
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Kikutani Y, Okamatsu M, Nishihara S, Takase-Yoden S, Hiono T, de Vries RP, McBride R, Matsuno K, Kida H, Sakoda Y. E190V substitution of H6 hemagglutinin is one of key factors for binding to sulfated sialylated glycan receptor and infection to chickens. Microbiol Immunol 2020; 64:304-312. [PMID: 31943329 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Avian influenza viruses (AIVs) recognize sialic acid linked α2,3 to galactose (SAα2,3Gal) glycans as receptors. In this study, the interactions between hemagglutinins (HAs) of AIVs and sulfated SAα2,3Gal glycans were analyzed to clarify the molecular basis of interspecies transmission of AIVs from ducks to chickens. It was revealed that E190V and N192D substitutions of the HA increased the recovery of viruses derived from an H6 duck virus isolate, A/duck/Hong Kong/960/1980 (H6N2), in chickens. Recombinant HAs from an H6 chicken virus, A/chicken/Tainan/V156/1999 (H6N1), bound to sulfated SAα2,3Gal glycans, whereas the HAs from an H6 duck virus did not. Binding preference of mutant HAs revealed that an E190V substitution is critical for the recognition of sulfated SAα2,3Gal glycans. These results suggest that the binding of the HA from H6 AIVs to sulfated SAα2,3Gal glycans explains a part of mechanisms of interspecies transmission of AIVs from ducks to chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Kikutani
- Department of Disease Control, Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Okamatsu
- Department of Disease Control, Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Shoko Nishihara
- Department of Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Takahiro Hiono
- Department of Disease Control, Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.,Glycoscience & Glycotechnology Research Group, Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Robert P de Vries
- Department of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ryan McBride
- Departments of Molecular Medicine and Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Keita Matsuno
- Department of Disease Control, Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.,Global Station for Zoonosis Control, Global Institute for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kida
- Global Station for Zoonosis Control, Global Institute for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.,Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Sakoda
- Department of Disease Control, Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.,Global Station for Zoonosis Control, Global Institute for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
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Abstract
N-glycans modify the great majority of all secreted and plasma membrane proteins, which themselves constitute one-third to one-half of the proteome. The ultimate definition of the glycoproteome would be the identification of all the N-glycans attached to all the modified asparaginyl sites of all the proteins, but glycosylation heterogeneity makes this an unachievable goal. However, mass spectrometry in combination with other methods does have the power to deeply mine the N-glycome of Dictyostelium, and characterize glycan profiles at individual sites of glycoproteins. Recent studies from our laboratories using mass spectrometry-based methods have confirmed basic precepts of the N-glycome based on prior classical methods using radiotracer methods, and have extended the scope of glycan diversity and the distribution of glycan types across specific glycoprotein attachment sites. The protocols described here simplify studies of the N-glycome and -glycoproteome, which should prove useful for interpreting mutant phenotypes, conducting interstrain and interspecies comparisons, and investigating glycan functions in glycoproteins of interest.
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