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Szymanowska A, Radomska D, Czarnomysy R, Mojzych M, Kotwica-Mojzych K, Bielawski K, Bielawska A. The activity of pyrazolo[4,3- e][1,2,4]triazine and pyrazolo[4,3- e]tetrazolo[1,5- b][1,2,4]triazine sulphonamide derivatives in monolayer and spheroid breast cancer cell cultures. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2024; 39:2343352. [PMID: 38700244 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2024.2343352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, an increasing interest in compounds containing pyrazolo[4,3-e][1,2,4]triazine moiety is observed. Therefore, the aim of the research was to synthesise a novel sulphonyl pyrazolo[4,3-e][1,2,4]triazines (2a, 2b) and pyrazolo[4,3-e]tetrazolo[1,5-b][1,2,4]triazine sulphonamide derivatives (3a, 3b) to assess their anticancer activity. The MTT assay showed that 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b have stronger cytotoxic activity than cisplatin in both breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) and exhibited weaker effect on normal breast cells (MCF-10A). The obtained results showed that the most active compound 3b increased apoptosis via caspase 9, caspase 8, and caspase 3/7. It is worth to note that compound 3b suppressed NF-κB expression and promoted p53, Bax, and ROS which play important role in activation of apoptosis. Moreover, our results confirmed that compound 3b triggers autophagy through increased formation of autophagosomes, expression of beclin-1 and mTOR inhibition. Thus, our study defines a possible mechanism underlying 3b-induced anti-cancer activity against breast cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Szymanowska
- Department of Biotechnology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dominika Radomska
- Department of Synthesis and Technology of Drugs, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Robert Czarnomysy
- Department of Synthesis and Technology of Drugs, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Mariusz Mojzych
- Department of Chemistry, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland
| | | | - Krzysztof Bielawski
- Department of Synthesis and Technology of Drugs, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Anna Bielawska
- Department of Biotechnology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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2
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Mahammad Ghouse S, Bahatam K, Angeli A, Pawar G, Chinchilli KK, Yaddanapudi VM, Mohammed A, Supuran CT, Nanduri S. Synthesis and biological evaluation of new 3-substituted coumarin derivatives as selective inhibitors of human carbonic anhydrase IX and XII. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:2185760. [PMID: 36876597 PMCID: PMC10013565 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2023.2185760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Carbonic anhydrase isoforms IX and XII play a significant role in regulating the intracellular and extracellular pH in hypoxic tumours abetting the metastasis of solid tumours. Selective and potent inhibitors targeting carbonic anhydrase IX and XII reduce the activity of these isoforms in hypoxic tumours, representing an antitumor and antimetastatic mechanism. Coumarin-based derivatives are selective inhibitors of CA isoforms IX and XII. In this study, we report the design and synthesis of new 3-substituted coumarin derivatives with different functional moieties and their inhibitory activity against various carbonic anhydrase isoforms. We found that the tertiary sulphonamide derivative 6c showed selective inhibition against CA IX with IC50 of 4.1 µM. Similarly, the carbothioamides 7c, 7b and oxime ether derivative 20a exhibited good inhibition against CA IX and CA XII. Additionally, the binding mode was predicted and validated using molecular docking and dynamic simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaik Mahammad Ghouse
- Department of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Kavyaraj Bahatam
- Department of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Andrea Angeli
- Neurofarba Deptartment, Sezione di ScienzeFarmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Università Degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | - Gaurav Pawar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Krishna Kartheek Chinchilli
- Department of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Venkata Madhavi Yaddanapudi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Arifuddin Mohammed
- Department of Chemistry, Directorate of Distance Education, Maulana Azad National Urdu University, Hyderabad, India
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Neurofarba Deptartment, Sezione di ScienzeFarmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Università Degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | - Srinivas Nanduri
- Department of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
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3
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Tekeli T, Akocak S, Petreni A, Lolak N, Çete S, Supuran CT. Potent carbonic anhydrase I, II, IX and XII inhibition activity of novel primary benzenesulfonamides incorporating bis-ureido moieties. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:2185762. [PMID: 36880350 PMCID: PMC9987750 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2023.2185762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel series of twelve aromatic bis-ureido-substituted benzenesulfonamides was synthesised by conjugation of aromatic aminobenzenesulfonamides with aromatic bis-isocyanates. The obtained bis-ureido-substituted derivatives were tested against four selected human carbonic anhydrase isoforms (hCA I, hCA II, hCA IX and hCA XII). Most of the new compounds showed an effective inhibitory profile against isoforms hCA IX and hCA XII, also having some selectivity with respect to hCA I and hCA II. The inhibition constants of these compounds against isoforms hCA IX and XII were in the range of 6.73-835 and 5.02-429 nM, respectively. Since hCA IX and hCA XII are important drug targets for anti-cancer/anti-metastatic drugs, these effective inhibitors reported here may be considered of interest for cancer related studies in which these enzymes are involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuba Tekeli
- Vocational School of Technical Science, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Processing Technologies, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Türkiye.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gazi University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Suleyman Akocak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Türkiye
| | - Andrea Petreni
- NEUROFARBA Dept., Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
| | - Nebih Lolak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Türkiye
| | - Servet Çete
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gazi University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- NEUROFARBA Dept., Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
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4
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Tang K, Li HH, Wu C, Zhang SL, Yang JG, Tang W, Qin HL. Microtiter plate-based chemistry and in situ screening: SuFEx-enabled lead discovery of selective AChE inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:2237213. [PMID: 37501629 PMCID: PMC10388794 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2023.2237213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sulphur fluoride exchange (SuFEx) is a category of click chemistry that enables covalent linking of modular units through sulphur connective hubs. Here, we reported an efficient synthesis and in situ screening method for building a library of sulphonamides on the picomolar scale by SuFEx reaction between a sulphonyl fluoride (RSO2F) core and primary or secondary amines. This biocompatible SuFEx reaction would allow us to rapidly synthesise sulphonamide molecules, and evaluate their ChE inhibitory activity. Compound T14-A24 was identified as a reversible, competitive, and selective AChE inhibitor (Ki = 22 nM). The drug-like evaluation showed that T14-A24 had benign BBB penetration, remarkable neuroprotective effect, and safe toxicological profile. In vivo behavioural study showed that T14-A24 treatment improved the Aβ1 - 42-induced cognitive impairment, significantly prevented the effects of Aβ1 - 42 toxicity. Therefore, this SuFEx click reaction can accelerate the discovery of lead compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, P.R. China
| | - Huan-Huan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Chengyao Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Long Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Guo Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Wenjian Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Hua-Li Qin
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
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5
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Haapanen S, Angeli A, Tolvanen M, Emameh RZ, Supuran CT, Parkkila S. Cloning, characterization, and inhibition of the novel β-carbonic anhydrase from parasitic blood fluke, Schistosoma mansoni. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:2184299. [PMID: 36856011 PMCID: PMC9980027 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2023.2184299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Schistosoma mansoni is an intestinal parasite with one β-class carbonic anhydrase, SmaBCA. We report the sequence enhancing, production, catalytic activity, and inhibition results of the recombinant SmaBCA. It showed significant catalytic activity on CO2 hydration in vitro with kcat 1.38 × 105 s-1 and kcat/Km 2.33 × 107 M-1 s-1. Several sulphonamide inhibitors, from which many are clinically used, showed submicromolar or nanomolar inhibitory effects on SmaBCA. The most efficient inhibitor with a KI of 43.8 nM was 4-(2-amino-pyrimidine-4-yl)-benzenesulfonamide. Other effective inhibitors with KIs in the range of 79.4-95.9 nM were benzolamide, brinzolamide, topiramate, dorzolamide, saccharin, epacadostat, celecoxib, and famotidine. The other tested compounds showed at least micromolar range inhibition against SmaBCA. Our results introduce SmaBCA as a novel target for drug development against schistosomiasis, a highly prevalent parasitic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Haapanen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland,CONTACT Susanna Haapanen Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, 33520, Finland
| | - Andrea Angeli
- Neurofarba Department, Sezione di Chimica Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Martti Tolvanen
- Department of Computing, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Reza Zolfaghari Emameh
- Department of Energy and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, Sezione di Chimica Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Seppo Parkkila
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland,Fimlab Ltd, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
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Abstract
Click chemistry reactions constitute an important and relatively new approach in the medicinal chemistry toolbox and offer substantial advantages to medicinal chemists in terms of overcoming the limitations of facile chemical synthesis, increased throughput, yields and improved quality of compound libraries. Over the last two decades, click chemistry has been widely used in different aspects of carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) modulators drug design. This review provides an overview of the general principles and applications of click chemistry in CA-related research, including the design of selective CA inhibitors (CAIs), their applications against several diseases such as innovative anticancer and anti-infective agents, fluorescent and radiopharmaceutical probes as new theranostic agents, as well as their application in protein labelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Angeli
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy,Andrea Angeli Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy,CONTACT Claudiu T. Supuran
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7
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De Luca V, Carginale V, Supuran CT, Capasso C. The gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli as a model for testing the effect of carbonic anhydrase inhibition on bacterial growth. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:2092-2098. [PMID: 35899716 PMCID: PMC9341340 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2101644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrases, catalysing the reversible CO2 hydration reaction, contribute in all living organisms to the maintenance of stable metabolic functions depending on intracellular concentrations of carbon dioxide, bicarbonate, and protons. Recent studies have examined how CAs affect bacterial lifecycle, considering these enzymes druggable targets due to interference with their activities by using inhibitors or activators. Here, we propose Escherichia coli cells as a model for testing the effect of acetazolamide (AZA), a potent CA inhibitor, on bacterial survival by evaluating E. coli growth through its glucose consumption. AZA, at concentrations higher than 31.2 µg/mL, was able to impair E. coli growth and glucose uptake. AZA is a good inhibitor of the two recombinant E. coli CAs, the β-CA CynT2, and the γ-CA EcoCAγ, with KIs of 227 and 248 nM, respectively. This study provides a proof-of-concept, low-cost method for identifying effective CA inhibitors capable of impairing bacterial metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana De Luca
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council, Napoli, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Carginale
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council, Napoli, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Department of Neurofarba, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Clemente Capasso
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council, Napoli, Italy
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8
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Khan S, Iqbal S, Shah M, Rehman W, Hussain R, Rasheed L, Alrbyawi H, Dera AA, Alahmdi MI, Pashameah RA, Alzahrani E, Farouk AE. Synthesis, In Vitro Anti-Microbial Analysis and Molecular Docking Study of Aliphatic Hydrazide-Based Benzene Sulphonamide Derivatives as Potent Inhibitors of α-Glucosidase and Urease. Molecules 2022; 27:7129. [PMID: 36296720 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27207129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A unique series of sulphonamide derivatives was attempted to be synthesized in this study using a new and effective method. All of the synthesized compounds were verified using several spectroscopic methods, including FTIR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and HREI-MS, and their binding interactions were studied using molecular docking. The enzymes urease and α-glucosidase were evaluated against each derivative (1–15). When compared to their respective standard drug such as acarbose and thiourea, almost all compounds were shown to have excellent activity. Among the screened series, analogs 5 (IC50 = 3.20 ± 0.40 and 2.10 ± 0.10 µM) and 6 (IC50 = 2.50 ± 0.40 and 5.30 ± 0.20 µM), emerged as potent molecules when compared to the standard drugs acarbose (IC50 = 8.24 ± 0.08 µM) and urease (IC50 = 7.80 ± 0.30). Moreover, an anti-microbial study also demonstrated that analogs 5 and 6 were found with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) in the presence of standard drugs streptomycin and terinafine.
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Kiyeleko S, Hocine S, Mautino G, Kuenemann M, Nawrotek A, Miallau L, Vuillard LM, Mirguet O, Kotschy A, Hanessian S. Tartgeting Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Design, X-Ray co-crystal structure and synthesis of 'first-in-kind' inhibitors of Serine/Threonine Kinase25. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2022; 75:128950. [PMID: 36030002 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2022.128950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
We describe the synthesis of a series of 3-t-butyl 5-aminopyrazole p-substituted arylamides as inhibitors of serine-threonine25 (STK25), an enzyme implicated in the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Appending a p-N-pyrrolidinosulphonamide group to the arylamide group led to a 'first-in kind' inhibitor with IC50=228nM. A co-crystal structure with STK 25 revealed productive interactions which were also reproduced using molecular docking. A new series of triazolo dihydro oxazine carboxamides of 3-t-butyl 5-aminopyrazole was not active against STK25.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scarlett Kiyeleko
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Station Centre-Ville, C.P. 6128, Montreal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Sofiane Hocine
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Station Centre-Ville, C.P. 6128, Montreal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Giséle Mautino
- Institut de Recherches Servier, 125 Chemin de Ronde, 78290 Croissy, France
| | - Mélaine Kuenemann
- Institut de Recherches Servier, 125 Chemin de Ronde, 78290 Croissy, France
| | - Agata Nawrotek
- NovAliX, Laboratoire de Biologie Structurale Servier au Synchrotron Soleil, LBS3 L'Orme des Merisiers 91190 St Aubin FRANCE
| | - Linda Miallau
- NovAliX, Laboratoire de Biologie Structurale Servier au Synchrotron Soleil, LBS3 L'Orme des Merisiers 91190 St Aubin FRANCE
| | | | - Olivier Mirguet
- Institut de Recherches Servier, 125 Chemin de Ronde, 78290 Croissy, France.
| | - Andras Kotschy
- Servier Research Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Zahony u. 7., H-1031 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Stephen Hanessian
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Station Centre-Ville, C.P. 6128, Montreal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada.
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Liu J, Zhu X, Yu L, Mao M. Discovery of novel sulphonamide hybrids that inhibit LSD1 against bladder cancer cells. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:866-875. [PMID: 35350943 PMCID: PMC8973347 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.2014830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim:A series of sulphonamide hybrids were designed, synthesised, and identified as potential lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) inhibitors. Materials and methods: Bladder cancer cell lines were cultured to evaluate the antiproliferative activity. Inhibitory evaluation of sulphonamide hybrids against LSD1 were performed. Conclusion: sulphonamide derivative L8 exhibited the antiproliferative activity against HTB5, HTB3, HT1376, and HTB1 cells with IC50 values of 1.87, 0.18, 0.09, and 0.93 μM, respectively. Compound L8 as a selective and reversible LSD1 inhibitor could inhibit LSD1 with the IC50 value of 60 nM. It effectively inhibited LSD1 by increasing the expression levels of H3K4me1, H3K4me2, and H3K9me2 in HT1376 cells. To the best of our knowledge, this was the first report which showed that sulphonamide–quinoline–dithiocarbamate hybrids potently inhibited LSD1 in bladder cancer cells. Our studies give the potential application of the sulphonamide-based scaffold for developing LSD1 inhibitors to treat bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- Department of Urology, The 4th affiliated hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Xingwang Zhu
- Department of Urology, The 4th affiliated hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Liu Yu
- Department of Urology, The 4th affiliated hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Minghuan Mao
- Department of Urology, The 4th affiliated hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
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N'Dow SMS, Donnelly LA, Pearson ER, Rena G. In a cohort of individuals with type 2 diabetes using the drug sulfasalazine, HbA 1c lowering is associated with haematological changes. Diabet Med 2021; 38:e14463. [PMID: 33236391 DOI: 10.1111/dme.14463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Several small studies indicate the sulphonamide component of the drug sulfasalazine lowers HbA1c. We investigated reduction of HbA1c following incident prescription of sulfasalazine and related aminosalicylates, lacking the sulphonamide group, in an observational cohort. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Individuals in the Scottish Care Information Diabetes Collaboration (SCI-Diabetes) with type 2 diabetes and incident prescription for an aminosalicylate drug (sulfasalazine, mesalazine, olsalazine or balsalazide) were identified. Baseline and 6-month HbA1c were required for eligibility, to calculate HbA1c response. To investigate association with haemolysis, change in components of full blood count was assessed. Paired t-tests compared difference in baseline and treatment HbA1c measures and other clinical variables. RESULTS In all, 113 individuals treated with sulfasalazine and 103 with mesalazine (lacking the sulphonamide group) were eligible, with no eligible individuals treated with olsalazine or balsalazide. Baseline characteristics were similar. Mean (SD) HbA1c reduction at 6 months was -9 ± 16 mmol/mol (-0.9 ± 1.4%) (p < 0.0001) in those taking sulfasalazine with no reduction in those taking mesalazine (2 ± 16 mmol/mol (0.2 ± 1.4%). Sulfasalazine but not mesalazine was associated with a mean (SD) increase in mean cell volume of 3.7 ± 5.6 fl (p < 0.0001) and decrease in red cell count of -0.2 ± 0.4 × 10-12 /L (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS In this observational, population-based study, sulfasalazine initiation was associated with a 6-month reduction in HbA1c . This correlated with haematological changes suggesting haemolytic effects of sulfasalazine. Haemolysis is proposed to contribute to HbA1c lowering through the sulphonamide pharmacophore. This suggests that HbA1c is not a reliable measure of glycaemia in individuals prescribed sulfasalazine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira M S N'Dow
- Division of Cellular Medicine, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
- Division of Population Health and Genomics, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Louise A Donnelly
- Division of Population Health and Genomics, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Ewan R Pearson
- Division of Population Health and Genomics, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Graham Rena
- Division of Cellular Medicine, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
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12
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Eze CC, Ezeokonkwo MA, Ezema BE, Onoabedje AE, Ugwu DI. Synthesis and Biological Properties of some New Lead Sulphonamide and Carboxamide Scaffolds Bearing Coumarin Moieties. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 21:1270-1287. [PMID: 32744970 DOI: 10.2174/1389557520666200730154458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Coumarin, sulphonamide, and amide scaffolds exhibit diverse pharmacological features and constitute an important class of therapeutic agents. In this review, we have discussed the synthesis, biological properties, and SAR of coumarins containing sulphonamide or amide group in the last seven years. Many reviews on the therapeutic activities of coumarins, sulphonamides, and amides have been published. Hence the authors focused on coumarin-linked sulphonamide or amide scaffolds. The review provides information on the synthetic route to new coumarins containing sulphonamide or amide groups with improved pharmacological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosmas Chinweike Eze
- Natural Science Unit, School of General Studies, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State 410001, Nigeria
| | | | - Benjamin Ebere Ezema
- Department of Pure & Industrial Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State 410001, Nigeria
| | - Abraham Efeturi Onoabedje
- Department of Pure & Industrial Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State 410001, Nigeria
| | - David Izuchukwu Ugwu
- Department of Pure & Industrial Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State 410001, Nigeria
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Nocentini A, Angeli A, Carta F, Winum JY, Zalubovskis R, Carradori S, Capasso C, Donald WA, Supuran CT. Reconsidering anion inhibitors in the general context of drug design studies of modulators of activity of the classical enzyme carbonic anhydrase. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 36:561-580. [PMID: 33615947 PMCID: PMC7901698 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.1882453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Inorganic anions inhibit the metalloenzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) generally by coordinating to the active site metal ion. Cyanate was reported as a non-coordinating CA inhibitor but those erroneous results were subsequently corrected by another group. We review the anion CA inhibitors (CAIs) in the more general context of drug design studies and the discovery of a large number of inhibitor classes and inhibition mechanisms, including zinc binders (sulphonamides and isosteres, dithiocabamates and isosteres, thiols, selenols, benzoxaboroles, ninhydrins, etc.); inhibitors anchoring to the zinc-coordinated water molecule (phenols, polyamines, sulfocoumarins, thioxocoumarins, catechols); CAIs occluding the entrance to the active site (coumarins and derivatives, lacosamide), as well as compounds that bind outside the active site. All these new chemotypes integrated with a general procedure for obtaining isoform-selective compounds (the tail approach) has resulted, through the guidance of rigorous X-ray crystallography experiments, in the development of highly selective CAIs for all human CA isoforms with many pharmacological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Nocentini
- Neurofarba Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Angeli
- Neurofarba Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Carta
- Neurofarba Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Raivis Zalubovskis
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga, Latvia.,Institute of Technology of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia
| | - Simone Carradori
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Clemente Capasso
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council, Napoli, Italy
| | - William A Donald
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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14
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Azevedo-Barbosa H, Dias DF, Franco LL, Hawkes JA, Carvalho DT. From Antibacterial to Antitumour Agents: A Brief Review on The Chemical and Medicinal Aspects of Sulfonamides. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 20:2052-2066. [PMID: 32888265 DOI: 10.2174/1389557520666200905125738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Sulfonamides have been in clinical use for many years, and the development of bioactive substances containing the sulfonamide subunit has grown steadily in view of their important biological properties such as antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic, antioxidant, and antitumour properties. This review addresses the medicinal chemistry aspects of sulfonamides; covering their discovery, the structure- activity relationship and the mechanism of action of the antibacterial sulfonamide class, as well as the physico-chemical and pharmacological properties associated with this class. It also provides an overview of the various biological activities inherent to sulfonamides, reporting research that emphasises the importance of this group in the planning and development of bioactive substances, with a special focus on potential antitumour properties. The synthesis of sulfonamides is considered to be simple and provides a diversity of derivatives from a wide variety of amines and sulfonyl chlorides. The sulfonamide group is a non-classical bioisostere of carboxyl groups, phenolic hydroxyl groups and amide groups. This review highlights that most of the bioactive substances have the sulfonamide group, or a related group such as sulfonylurea, in an orientation towards other functional groups. This structural characteristic was observed in molecules with distinct antibacterial activities, demonstrating a clear structure-activity relationship of sulfonamides. This short review sought to contextualise the discovery of classic antibacterial sulfonamides and their physico-chemical and pharmacological properties. The importance of the sulfonamide subunit in Medicinal Chemistry has been highlighted and emphasised, in order to promote its inclusion in the planning and synthesis of future drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helloana Azevedo-Barbosa
- Faculdade de Ciencias Farmaceuticas, Departamento de Alimentos e Medicamentos, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, MG, 37130-001, Brazil
| | | | - Lucas Lopardi Franco
- Faculdade de Ciencias Farmaceuticas, Departamento de Alimentos e Medicamentos, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, MG, 37130-001, Brazil
| | - Jamie Anthony Hawkes
- Faculdade de Ciencias Farmaceuticas, Departamento de Alimentos e Medicamentos, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, MG, 37130-001, Brazil
| | - Diogo Teixeira Carvalho
- Faculdade de Ciencias Farmaceuticas, Departamento de Alimentos e Medicamentos, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, MG, 37130-001, Brazil
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15
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Temiz E, Koyuncu I, Durgun M, Caglayan M, Gonel A, Güler EM, Kocyigit A, Supuran CT. Inhibition of Carbonic Anhydrase IX Promotes Apoptosis through Intracellular pH Level Alterations in Cervical Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6098. [PMID: 34198834 PMCID: PMC8201173 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22116098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) is a hypoxia-related protein that plays a role in proliferation in solid tumours. However, how CAIX increases proliferation and metastasis in solid tumours is unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate how a synthetic CAIX inhibitor triggers apoptosis in the HeLa cell line. The intracellular effects of CAIX inhibition were determined with AO/EB, AnnexinV-PI, and γ-H2AX staining; measurements of intracellular pH (pHi), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP); and analyses of cell cycle, apoptotic, and autophagic modulator gene expression (Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, caspase-12, Beclin, and LC3), caspase protein level (pro-caspase 3 and cleaved caspase-3, -8, -9), cleaved PARP activation, and CAIX protein level. Sulphonamide CAIX inhibitor E showed the lowest IC50 and the highest selectivity index in CAIX-positive HeLa cells. CAIX inhibition changed the morphology of HeLa cells and increased the ratio of apoptotic cells, dramatically disturbing the homeostasis of intracellular pHi, MMP and ROS levels. All these phenomena consequent to CA IX inhibition triggered apoptosis and autophagy in HeLa cells. Taken together, these results further endorse the previous findings that CAIX inhibitors represent an important therapeutic strategy, which is worth pursuing in different cancer types, considering that presently only one sulphonamide inhibitor, SLC-0111, has arrived in Phase Ib/II clinical trials as an antitumour/antimetastatic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Temiz
- Program of Medical Promotion and Marketing, Health Services Vocational School, Harran University, Sanliurfa 63300, Turkey
| | - Ismail Koyuncu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University, Sanliurfa 63290, Turkey; (I.K.); (A.G.)
| | - Mustafa Durgun
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harran University, Sanliurfa 63290, Turkey
| | - Murat Caglayan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara 06110, Turkey;
| | - Ataman Gonel
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University, Sanliurfa 63290, Turkey; (I.K.); (A.G.)
| | - Eray Metin Güler
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Hamidiye Medicine, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Istanbul 34668, Turkey;
| | - Abdurrahim Kocyigit
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul 34093, Turkey;
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- NEUROFARBA Department, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutriceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
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16
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Urbański LJ, Angeli A, Hytönen VP, Di Fiore A, De Simone G, Parkkila S, Supuran CT. Inhibition of the β-carbonic anhydrase from the protozoan pathogen Trichomonas vaginalis with sulphonamides. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2020; 36:329-334. [PMID: 33356653 PMCID: PMC7782162 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2020.1863958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulphonamides and their isosteres are classical inhibitors of the carbonic anhydrase (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) metalloenzymes. The protozoan pathogen Trichomonas vaginalis encodes two such enzymes belonging to the β-class, TvaCA1 and TvaCA2. Here we report the first sulphonamide inhibition study of TvaCA1, with a series of simple aromatic/heterocyclic primary sulphonamides as well as with clinically approved/investigational drugs for a range of pathologies (diuretics, antiglaucoma, antiepileptic, antiobesity, and antitumor drugs). TvaCA1 was effectively inhibited by acetazolamide and ethoxzolamide, with KIs of 391 and 283 nM, respectively, whereas many other simple or clinically used sulphonamides were micromolar inhibitors or did not efficiently inhibit the enzyme. Finding more effective TvaCA1 inhibitors may constitute an innovative approach for fighting trichomoniasis, a sexually transmitted infection, caused by T. vaginalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda J Urbański
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Andrea Angeli
- Neurofarba Department, Sezione di Chimica Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Vesa P Hytönen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Fimlab Ltd, Tampere, Finland
| | - Anna Di Fiore
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging of the National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppina De Simone
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging of the National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Seppo Parkkila
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Fimlab Ltd, Tampere, Finland
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, Sezione di Chimica Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
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17
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Durgun M, Türkeş C, Işık M, Demir Y, Saklı A, Kuru A, Güzel A, Beydemir Ş, Akocak S, Osman SM, AlOthman Z, Supuran CT. Synthesis, characterisation, biological evaluation and in silico studies of sulphonamide Schiff bases. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2020; 35:950-962. [PMID: 32249705 PMCID: PMC7170330 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2020.1746784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulphonamides are biologically important compounds with low toxicity, many bioactivities and cost-effectiveness. Eight sulphonamide derivatives were synthesised and characterised by FT-IR, 13C NMR, 1H NMR, LC-MS and elemental analysis. Their inhibitory effect on AChE, and carbonic anhydrase I and II enzyme activities was investigated. Their antioxidant activity was determined using different bioanalytical assays such as radical scavenging tests with ABTS•+, and DPPH•+ as well as metal-reducing abilities with CUPRAC, and FRAP assays. All compounds showed satisfactory enzyme inhibitory potency in nanomolar concentrations against AChE and CA isoforms with KI values ranging from 10.14 ± 0.03 to 100.58 ± 1.90 nM. Amine group containing derivatives showed high metal reduction activity and about 70% ABTS radical scavenging activity. Due to their antioxidant activity and AChE inhibition, these novel compounds may be considered as leads for investigations in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Durgun
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harran University, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
| | - Cüneyt Türkeş
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Mesut Işık
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Vocational School of Health Services, Harran University, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
| | - Yeliz Demir
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Nihat Delibalta Göle Vocational High School, Ardahan University, Ardahan, Turkey
| | - Ali Saklı
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harran University, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
| | - Ali Kuru
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harran University, Şanlıurfa, Turkey.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Abdussamat Güzel
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Vocational School of Health Services, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Şükrü Beydemir
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Suleyman Akocak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey
| | - Sameh M Osman
- Department of Chemistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeid AlOthman
- Department of Chemistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Universita degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
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18
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El-Azab AS, Abdel-Aziz AAM, Ahmed HEA, Bua S, Nocentini A, AlSaif NA, Obaidullah AJ, Hefnawy MM, Supuran CT. Exploring structure-activity relationship of S-substituted 2-mercaptoquinazolin-4(3H)-one including 4-ethylbenzenesulfonamides as human carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2020; 35:598-609. [PMID: 32009479 PMCID: PMC7034075 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2020.1722121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibitory action of newly synthesised 4-(2-(2-substituted-thio-4-oxoquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)ethyl)benzenesulfonamides compounds 2-13 against human carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) (hCA) isoforms I, II, IX, and XII, was evaluated. hCA I was efficiently inhibited by compounds 2-13 with inhibition constants (KIs) ranging from 57.8-740.2 nM. Compounds 2, 3, 4, and 12 showed inhibitory action against hCA II with KIs between 6.4 and 14.2 nM. CA IX exhibited significant sensitivity to inhibition by derivatives 2-13 with KI values ranging from 7.1 to 93.6 nM. Compounds 2, 3, 4, 8, 9, and 12 also exerted potent inhibitory action against hCA XII (KIs ranging from 3.1 to 20.2 nM). Molecular docking studies for the most potent compounds 2 and 3 were conducted to exhibit the binding mode towards hCA isoforms as a promising step for SAR analyses which showed similar interaction with co-crystallized ligands. As such, a subset of these mercaptoquinazolin-4(3H)-one compounds represented interesting leads for developing new efficient and selective carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs) for the management of a variety of diseases including glaucoma, epilepsy, arthritis and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel S El-Azab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa A-M Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hany E A Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo, Egypt.,Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sivia Bua
- Department of Neurofarba, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- Department of Neurofarba, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | - Nawaf A AlSaif
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad J Obaidullah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M Hefnawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Department of Neurofarba, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
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19
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Küçükbay H, Buğday N, Küçükbay FZ, Ageli A, Bartolucci G, Supuran CT. Synthesis and human carbonic anhydrase I, II, VA, and XII inhibition with novel amino acid- sulphonamide conjugates. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2020; 35:489-497. [PMID: 31914827 PMCID: PMC6968503 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2019.1710503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of amino acid-sulphonamide conjugates was prepared through benzotriazole mediated coupling reactions and characterised by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, MS, and FTIR spectroscopic techniques as well as elemental analysis. The carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) inhibitory activity of the new compounds was determined against four human (h) isoforms, hCA I, hCA II, hCA VA, and hCA XII. Most of the synthesised compounds showed effective in vitro CA inhibitory properties. The new amino acid-sulphonamide conjugates showed potent inhibitory activity against hCA II, some of them at subnanomolar levels, exhibiting more effective inhibitory activity compared to the standard drug acetazolamide. Some of these sulphonamides were also found to be effective inhibitors of hCA I, hCA VA, and hCA XII, with activity from the low to high nanomolar range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Küçükbay
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Nesrin Buğday
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - F Zehra Küçükbay
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Andrea Ageli
- Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione Di Scienze Farmaceutiche E Nutraceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | - Gianluca Bartolucci
- Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione Di Scienze Farmaceutiche E Nutraceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione Di Scienze Farmaceutiche E Nutraceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
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20
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Bilginer S, Gonder B, Gul HI, Kaya R, Gulcin I, Anil B, Supuran CT. Novel sulphonamides incorporating triazene moieties show powerful carbonic anhydrase I and II inhibitory properties. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2019; 35:325-329. [PMID: 31813300 PMCID: PMC6913647 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2019.1700240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of compounds incorporating 3-(3-(2/3/4-substituted phenyl)triaz-1-en-1-yl) benzenesulfonamide moieties were synthesised and their chemical structure was confirmed by physico-chemical methods. Carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) inhibitory effects of the compounds were evaluated against human isoforms hCA I and II. KI values of these sulphonamides were in the range of 21 ± 4–72 ± 2 nM towards hCA I and in the range of 16 ± 6–40 ± 2 nM against hCA II. The 4-fluoro substituted derivative might be considered as an interesting lead due to its effective inhibitory action against both hCA I and hCA II (KIs of 21 nM), a profile rarely seen among other sulphonamide CA inhibitors, making it of interest in systems where the activity of the two cytosolic isoforms is dysregulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinan Bilginer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Baris Gonder
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Halise Inci Gul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ruya Kaya
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.,Central Research & Application Laboratory, Agri Ibrahim Cecen University, Agri, Turkey
| | - Ilhami Gulcin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Baris Anil
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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21
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Distinto S, Meleddu R, Ortuso F, Cottiglia F, Deplano S, Sequeira L, Melis C, Fois B, Angeli A, Capasso C, Angius R, Alcaro S, Supuran CT, Maccioni E. Exploring new structural features of the 4-[(3-methyl-4-aryl-2,3-dihydro-1,3-thiazol-2-ylidene)amino]benzene sulphonamide scaffold for the inhibition of human carbonic anhydrases. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2019; 34:1526-1533. [PMID: 31431095 PMCID: PMC6713091 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2019.1654470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A library of 4-[(3-methyl-4-aryl-2,3-dihydro-1,3-thiazol-2-ylidene)amino]benzene-1-sulphonamides (EMAC8002a–m) was designed and synthesised to evaluate the effect of substituents in the positions 3 and 4 of the dihydrothiazole ring on the inhibitory potency and selectivity toward human carbonic anhydrase isoforms I, II, IX, and XII. Most of the new compounds preferentially inhibit the isoforms II and XII. Both electronic and steric features on the aryl substituent in the position 4 of the dihydrothiazole ring concur to determine the overall biological activity of these new derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Distinto
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari , Cagliari , Italy
| | - Rita Meleddu
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari , Cagliari , Italy
| | - Francesco Ortuso
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università Magna Graecia di Catanzaro , Catanzaro , Italy
| | - Filippo Cottiglia
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari , Cagliari , Italy
| | - Serenella Deplano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari , Cagliari , Italy
| | - Lisa Sequeira
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari , Cagliari , Italy
| | - Claudia Melis
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari , Cagliari , Italy
| | - Benedetta Fois
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari , Cagliari , Italy
| | - Andrea Angeli
- Dipartimento NEUROFARBA, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze , Sesto Fiorentino , Italy
| | | | | | - Stefano Alcaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università Magna Graecia di Catanzaro , Catanzaro , Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Dipartimento NEUROFARBA, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze , Sesto Fiorentino , Italy
| | - Elias Maccioni
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari , Cagliari , Italy
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22
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Abstract
Over the years, numerous studies have supported the premise that individuals possessing the "slow acetylator" phenotype are more at risk from developing drug side-effects. Most prominent amongst these reports are those concerned with hepatotoxicity and peripheral neuropathy following treatment with isoniazid, lupus-like symptoms during procainamide therapy and experiencing hypersensitivity reactions to the various sulphonamide derivatives. Similarly, "slow acetylators" undergoing heavy exposure to arylamines and related carcinogens are more likely to develop bladder cancer. Contrariwise, there appears a slight risk of "rapid acetylators" developing pancreatic tumours.Other therapeutic agents for which polymorphic N-acetylation plays a minor role in their metabolism have been investigated but any impact of this metabolic difference on clinical efficacy or associated toxicity is still under question. In the search for clues as to the underlying aetiology, patient groups with many disease states have been examined for association with differences in N-acetylation and the majority have provided data that could be interpreted as equivocal. Studies have given contradictory, often opposing, results, calculated risk factors that are (perhaps) just significant but certainly not high, and patients within the cohorts who are always exceptions. Undoubtedly, other as yet unappreciated factors are at play.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen C Mitchell
- Section of Computational and Systems Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
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23
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Monti SM, Meccariello A, Ceruso M, Szafrański K, Sławiński J, Supuran CT. Inhibition studies of Brucella suis β-carbonic anhydrases with a series of 4-substituted pyridine-3- sulphonamides. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2018; 33:255-259. [PMID: 29271264 PMCID: PMC7011973 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2017.1413097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The two β-carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) from the pathogenic bacterium Brucella suis, BsuCA1 and BsuCA2, were investigated for their inhibition profile with a series of pyridine-3-sulphonamide derivatives incorporating 4-hetaryl moieties. BsuCA1 was effectively inhibited by these sulphonamides with inhibition constants ranging between 34 and 624 nM. BsuCA2 was less sensitive to these inhibitors, with KIs in the range of 62 nM - > 10 µM. The nature of the 4-substituent present on the pyridine ring was the main factor influencing the inhibitory profile against both isoforms, with 4-halogenophenylpiperazin-1-yl and 3,4,5-trisubstituted-pyrazol-1-yl derivatives showing the most effective inhibition. Some of these sulphonamides were most effective bacterial CA than human (h) CA I and II inhibitors, making them selective for the prokaryotic enzymes. Investigation of bacterial CA inhibitors may be relevant for finding antibiotics with a new mechanism of action compared to the clinically used agents for which substantial drug resistance emerged.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mariangela Ceruso
- Neurofarba Department, Section of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Jarosław Sławiński
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, Section of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
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Supuran CT. Carbon- versus sulphur-based zinc binding groups for carbonic anhydrase inhibitors? J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2018; 33:485-495. [PMID: 29390912 PMCID: PMC6009921 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2018.1428572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A set of compounds incorporating carbon-based zinc-binding groups (ZBGs), of the type PhX (X = COOH, CONH2, CONHNH2, CONHOH, CONHOMe), and the corresponding derivatives with sulphur(VI)-based ZBGs (X = SO3H, SO2NH2, SO2NHNH2, SO2NHOH, SO2NHOMe) were tested as inhibitors of all mammalian isoforms of carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1), CA I-XV. Three factors connected with the ZBG influenced the efficacy as CA inhibitor (CAI) of the investigated compounds: (i) the pKa of the ZBG; (ii) its geometry (tetrahedral, i.e. sulphur-based, versus trigonal, i.e. carbon-based ZBGs), and (iii) orientation of the organic scaffold induced by the nature of the ZBG. Benzenesulphonamide was the best inhibitor of all isoforms, but other ZBGs led to interesting inhibition profiles, although with an efficacy generally reduced when compared to the sulphonamide. The nature of the ZBG also influenced the CA inhibition mechanism. Most of these derivatives were zinc binders, but some of them (sulfonates, carboxylates) may interact with the enzyme by anchoring to the zinc-coordinated water molecule or by other inhibition mechanisms (occlusion of the active site entrance, out of the active site binding, etc.). Exploring structurally diverse ZBGs may lead to interesting new developments in the field of CAIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudiu T. Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, Sezione di Chimica Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
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25
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Koyuncu I, Gonel A, Kocyigit A, Temiz E, Durgun M, Supuran CT. Selective inhibition of carbonic anhydrase-IX by sulphonamide derivatives induces pH and reactive oxygen species-mediated apoptosis in cervical cancer HeLa cells. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2018; 33:1137-1149. [PMID: 30001631 PMCID: PMC6052416 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2018.1481403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Selective inhibition with sulphonamides of carbonic anhydrase (CA) IX reduces cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in human cancer cells. The effect on CA IX expression of seven previously synthesised sulphonamide inhibitors, with high affinity for CA IX, as well as their effect on the proliferation/apoptosis of cancer/normal cell lines was investigated. Two normal and three human cancer cell lines were used. Treatment resulted in dose- and time-dependent inhibition of the growth of various cancer cell lines. One compound showed remarkably high toxicity towards CA IX-positive HeLa cells. The mechanisms of apoptosis induction were determined with Annexin-V and AO/EB staining, cleaved caspases (caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9) and cleaved PARP activation, reactive oxygen species production (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), intracellular pH (pHi), extracellular pH (pHe), lactate level and cell cycle analysis. The autophagy induction mechanisms were also investigated. The modulation of apoptotic and autophagic genes (Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, caspase-12, Beclin and LC3) was measured using real time PCR. The positive staining using γ-H2AX and AO/EB dye, showed increased cleaved caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, increased ROS production, MMP and enhanced mRNA expression of apoptotic genes, suggesting that anticancer effects are also exerted through its apoptosis-inducing properties. Our results show that such sulphonamides might have the potential as new leads for detailed investigations against CA IX-positive cervical cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Koyuncu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Ataman Gonel
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Abdurrahim Kocyigit
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ebru Temiz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Durgun
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
- Neurofarba Department, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutriceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
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Wani TV, Bua S, Khude PS, Chowdhary AH, Supuran CT, Toraskar MP. Evaluation of sulphonamide derivatives acting as inhibitors of human carbonic anhydrase isoforms I, II and Mycobacterium tuberculosis β-class enzyme Rv3273. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2018; 33:962-971. [PMID: 29772937 PMCID: PMC6010129 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2018.1471475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of novel sulphonamide derivatives was obtained from sulphanilamide which was N4-alkylated with ethyl bromoacetate followed by reaction with hydrazine hydrate. The hydrazide obtained was further reacted with various aromatic aldehydes. The novel sulphonamides were characterised by infrared, mass spectrometry, 1H- and 13C-NMR and purity was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Human (h) carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) isoforms hCA I and II and Mycobacterium tuberculosis β-CA encoded by the gene Rv3273 (mtCA 3) inhibition activity was investigated with the synthesised compounds which showed promising inhibition. The KIs were in the range of 54.6 nM-1.8 µM against hCA I, in the range of 32.1 nM-5.5 µM against hCA II and of 127 nM-2.12 µM against mtCA 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanvi V. Wani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of Pharmacy, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Silvia Bua
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Pravin S. Khude
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of Pharmacy, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Abdul H. Chowdhary
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of Pharmacy, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Mrunmayee P. Toraskar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of Pharmacy, Navi Mumbai, India
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Angapelly S, Ramya PVS, Sodhi R, Angeli A, Rangan K, Nagesh N, Supuran CT, Arifuddin M. Iodine-mediated one-pot intramolecular decarboxylation domino reaction for accessing functionalised 2-(1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)anilines with carbonic anhydrase inhibitory action. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2018. [PMID: 29536768 PMCID: PMC6010027 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2018.1443447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A practical and transition metal-free one-pot domino synthesis of diversified (1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)anilines has been developed employing isatins and hydrazides as the starting materials, in the presence of molecular iodine. The prominent feature of this domino process involves consecutive condensation, hydrolytic ring cleavage, and an intramolecular decarboxylation, in a one-pot process that leads to the oxidative formation of a C–O bond. Fluorescence properties of some of the representative molecules obtained in this way were studied. The synthesised 2-(1,3,4-oxadiazolo-2-yl)aniline-benzene sulphonamides (8a–o) were screened for their carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) inhibitory activity. Most of the compounds exhibited low micromolar to nanomolar activity against human (h) isoforms hCA I, hCA II, hCA IV, and XII, with some compounds displaying selective CA inhibitory activity towards hCA II with KIs of 6.4–17.6 nM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas Angapelly
- a National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Hyderabad , Hyderabad , India
| | - P V Sri Ramya
- a National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Hyderabad , Hyderabad , India
| | - Rohini Sodhi
- a National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Hyderabad , Hyderabad , India
| | - Andrea Angeli
- b Neurofarba Department , Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, University of Florence , Florence , Italy
| | - Krishnan Rangan
- c Birla Institute of Technology & Science, Pilani , Hyderabad , India
| | - Narayana Nagesh
- d Center for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB) , Hyderabad , India
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- b Neurofarba Department , Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, University of Florence , Florence , Italy
| | - Mohammed Arifuddin
- a National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Hyderabad , Hyderabad , India
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Abstract
Twelve new derivatives of benzothiazole bearing benzenesulphonamide and carboxamide were synthesised and investigated for their in vivo anti-inflammatory, analgesic and ulcerogenic activities. Molecular docking showed an excellent binding interaction of the synthesised compounds with the receptors, with 17c showing the highest binding energy (–12.50 kcal/mol). Compounds 17c and 17i inhibited carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema at 72, 76, and 80% and 64, 73, and 78% at 1 h, 2 h, and 3 h, respectively. In the analgesic activity experiment, compounds 17c, 17 g, and 17i had ED50 (µM/kg) of 96, 127, and 84 after 0.5 h; 102, 134, and 72 after 1 h and 89, 156, and 69 µM/kg after 2 h, respectively, which were comparable with 156, 72, and 70 µM/kg for celecoxib. The ulcerogenic index of the most active derivatives 17c and 17i were 0.82 and 0.89, respectively, comparable to 0.92 for celecoxib. The physicochemical studies of the new derivatives showed that they will not have oral bioavailability problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Izuchukwu Ugwu
- a Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry , University of Nigeria , Nsukka , Nigeria.,b Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology , Kanpur , India
| | | | - Pius Onyeoziri Ukoha
- a Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry , University of Nigeria , Nsukka , Nigeria
| | - Astha Gupta
- b Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology , Kanpur , India
| | - Sunday N Okafor
- a Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry , University of Nigeria , Nsukka , Nigeria.,c Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry , University of Nigeria , Nsukka , Nigeria
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Vullo D, Kumar RSS, Scozzafava A, Ferry JG, Supuran CT. Sulphonamide inhibition studies of the β-carbonic anhydrase from the bacterial pathogen Clostridium perfringens. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2017; 33:31-36. [PMID: 29098923 PMCID: PMC6009973 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2017.1388233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The β-carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) from the pathogenic bacterium Clostridium perfringens (CpeCA) was recently characterised kinetically and for its anion inhibition profile. In the search of effective CpeCA inhibitors, possibly useful to inhibit the growth/pathogenicity of this bacterium, we report here an inhibition study of this enzyme with a panel of aromatic, heterocyclic and sugar sulphonamides/sulphamates. Some sulphonamides, such as acetazolamide, ethoxzolamide, dichlorophenamide, dorzolamide, sulthiame and 4-(2-hydroxymethyl-4-nitrophenyl-sulphonamido)ethylbenzenesulphonamide were effective CpeCA inhibitors, with KIs in the range of 37.4-71.6 nM. Zonisamide and saccharin were the least effective such inhibitors, whereas many other aromatic and heterocyclic sulphonamides were moderate - weak inhibitors with KIs ranging between 113 and 8755 nM. Thus, this study provides the basis for developing better clostridial enzyme inhibitors with potential as antiinfectives with a new mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Vullo
- a Chemistry Department, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Florence , Italy
| | - R Siva Sai Kumar
- b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Eberly College of Science , The Pennsylvania State University , University Park , PA , USA
| | - Andrea Scozzafava
- a Chemistry Department, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Florence , Italy
| | - James G Ferry
- b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Eberly College of Science , The Pennsylvania State University , University Park , PA , USA
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- a Chemistry Department, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Florence , Italy.,c NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Florence , Italy
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Chen C, Wang D, Wang H, Lin Z, Fang Z. A SAR-based mechanistic study on the combined toxicities of sulfonamides and quorum sensing inhibitors on Escherichia coli. SAR QSAR Environ Res 2017; 28:595-608. [PMID: 28789564 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2017.1354914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Quorum sensing inhibitors (QSIs) are promising alternatives to antibiotics, but they are discharged into the environment after their use cycle. This poses joint effects on the organisms in the environment. Therefore, it is of great importance to study the combined toxicities of QSIs and antibiotics. In this study, we investigated the single and combined toxicities of four potential QSIs and 11 sulfonamides (SAs) on Escherichia coli. The results revealed that the single toxicities of SAs were greater than those of QSIs, and the toxicities were found positively related to the binding energies (Ebind) with their target proteins, for both antibiotics and QSIs. The combined toxicities of the binary mixtures were observed to be either antagonism or addition. The antagonism could be explained by the phenomenon that QSIs changed SAs molecules into ionic forms, preventing the SA molecules entering the bacteria. Furthermore, it was found that the ratios of the effective concentration (the actual concentration involved in the interaction with the proteins) in the antagonistic cases were higher than those in the additive cases. This study would benefit both rational use of the drug combination and ecological risk assessment of antibiotics and QSIs in the real environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Chen
- a State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering , Tongji University , Shanghai , China
| | - D Wang
- a State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering , Tongji University , Shanghai , China
- b Post-doctoral Research Station, College of Civil Engineering , Tongji University , Shanghai , China
| | - H Wang
- a State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering , Tongji University , Shanghai , China
- c Collaborative Innovation Center for Regional Environmental Quality , China
- d Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability , Shanghai , China
| | - Z Lin
- a State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering , Tongji University , Shanghai , China
- c Collaborative Innovation Center for Regional Environmental Quality , China
- d Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability , Shanghai , China
| | - Z Fang
- e College of Environmental Science and Engineering , Anhui Normal University , Wuhu , China
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