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Ashour A, Sherif AE, El-Sayed SM, Kim JY, Jang DS, Anvari A, Farahat AA, Ibrahim SRM, Mohamed GA, Ainousah BE, Aljohani RF, Al-Hejaili RR, Khoja RH, Hassan AHE, Zaki AA. Tetraenone A: A New β-Ionone Derivative from Tetraena aegyptia. Metabolites 2023; 13:1202. [PMID: 38132884 PMCID: PMC10744760 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13121202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the chemical investigation of Tetraena aegyptia (Zygophyllaceae) led to the identification of a new megastigmene derivative, tetraenone A ((2S, 5R, 6R, 7E)-2-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-β-ionone) (1), along with (3S, 5R, 6S, 7E)-3-hydroxy-5,6-epoxy-5,6-dihydro-β-ionone- (2), 3,4-dihydroxy-cinnamyl alcohol-4-glucoside (3), 3β,19α-dihydroxy-ursan-28-oic acid (4), quinovic acid (5), p-coumaric acid (6), and ferulic acid (7), for the first time. The chemical structures of 1-7 were confirmed by analysis of their 1D and 2D NMR and HRESIMS spectra and by their comparison with the relevant literature. The absolute configurations of 1 and 2 were assigned based on NOESY interactions and ECD spectra. Conformational analysis showed that 1 existed exclusively in one of the two theoretically possible chair conformers with a predominant s-trans configuration for the 3-oxobut-1-en-1-yl group with the ring, while the half-chair conformer had a pseudo-axial hydroxy group that was predominant over the other half-chair conformation. Boat conformations were not among the most stable conformations, and the s-trans isomerism was in favor of s-cis configuration. In silico investigation revealed that 1 and 2 had more favorable binding interactions with Mpro rather than with TMPRSS2. Accordingly, molecular dynamic simulations were performed on the complexes of compounds 1 and 2 with Mpro to explore the stability of their interaction with the target protein structure. Compounds 1 and 2 might offer a possible starting point for developing covalent inhibitors of Mpro of SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ashour
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt;
| | - Asmaa E. Sherif
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt;
| | - Selwan M. El-Sayed
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt;
| | - Ji-Young Kim
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (J.-Y.K.); (D.S.J.)
| | - Dae Sik Jang
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (J.-Y.K.); (D.S.J.)
| | - Abtin Anvari
- Master of Pharmaceutical Sciences Program, California Northstate University, 9700 W Taron Dr., Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA; (A.A.); (A.A.F.)
| | - Abdelbasset A. Farahat
- Master of Pharmaceutical Sciences Program, California Northstate University, 9700 W Taron Dr., Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA; (A.A.); (A.A.F.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Sabrin R. M. Ibrahim
- Preparatory Year Program, Department of Chemistry, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Gamal A. Mohamed
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Bayan E. Ainousah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Raghad F. Aljohani
- College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Medina 42353, Saudi Arabia; (R.F.A.); (R.R.A.-H.); (R.H.K.)
| | - Razan R. Al-Hejaili
- College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Medina 42353, Saudi Arabia; (R.F.A.); (R.R.A.-H.); (R.H.K.)
| | - Rahaf H. Khoja
- College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Medina 42353, Saudi Arabia; (R.F.A.); (R.R.A.-H.); (R.H.K.)
| | - Ahmed H. E. Hassan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed A. Zaki
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt;
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
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