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Chmielewski P, Ponińska JK, Michalak E, Michałowska I, Kowalik I, Truszkowska G, Kugaudo M, Minota I, Stawiński P, Płoski R, Bilińska ZT. Cardiovascular involvement and prognosis in Loeys-Dietz syndrome. Kardiol Pol 2023; 81:1096-1102. [PMID: 37823753 DOI: 10.33963/v.kp.97390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS) is an inherited connective tissue disorder associated with aortic root enlargement and risk of thoracic aortic dissection (AD). Genetic examination is essential for diagnosis. AIMS The study aimed at analysis of clinical data on cardiovascular involvement and management of LDS patients. METHODS The study included carriers of LDS-associated genetic variants, identified between 2012 and 2022. Assessment of cardiovascular involvement was based on echocardiography and computed tomography angiography with quantitative assessment of arterial tortuosity. Involvement of other systems was also evaluated. We noted major cardiovascular events, including aortic events, defined as AD, elective aortic surgery, or otherwise unexplained sudden death. RESULTS Thirty-four patients from 15 families were included, and five identified variants were novel. Probands' mean age was 41 years. Cardiovascular abnormalities, aortic involvement, aortic tortuosity, and tortuosity of cervical arteries were present in 79%, 71%, 68%, and 100% of carriers, respectively. First aortic events (9 A-type AD, 6 elective thoracic aortic surgeries, and one sudden death) occurred in 16 (47%) patients at a median age of 35 years. The youngest age at AD was 16 years, and 7 years for elective aneurysm repair. Second and third aortic events occurred in 9 and 4 patients, respectively. Eight patients (24%) experienced other major cardiovascular events. Aortic event-free survival was shorter in the presence of skin striae (P = 0.03), tended to be shorter in the presence of Marfanoid features (P = 0.06), and longer with TGFB2 variants (P = 0.06). CONCLUSIONS LDS is associated with high burden of cardiovascular complications at a young age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Przemysław Chmielewski
- Unit for Screening Studies in Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński National Institute of Cardiology, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Joanna K Ponińska
- Department of Medical Biology, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński National Institute of Cardiology, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Ewa Michalak
- Unit for Screening Studies in Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński National Institute of Cardiology, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Ilona Michałowska
- Department of Radiology, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński National Institute of Cardiology, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Ilona Kowalik
- Clinical Research Support Center, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński National Institute of Cardiology, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Grażyna Truszkowska
- Department of Medical Biology, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński National Institute of Cardiology, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Monika Kugaudo
- Unit for Screening Studies in Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński National Institute of Cardiology, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Ilona Minota
- Department of Medical Biology, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński National Institute of Cardiology, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Piotr Stawiński
- Department of Medical Genetics, Centre of Biostructure, Medical University of Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Rafał Płoski
- Department of Medical Biology, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński National Institute of Cardiology, Warszawa, Poland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Centre of Biostructure, Medical University of Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Zofia T Bilińska
- Unit for Screening Studies in Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński National Institute of Cardiology, Warszawa, Poland.
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Manole S, Rancea R, Vulturar R, Simon SP, Molnar A, Damian L. Frail Silk: Is the Hughes-Stovin Syndrome a Behçet Syndrome Subtype with Aneurysm-Involved Gene Variants? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043160. [PMID: 36834577 PMCID: PMC9968083 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hughes-Stovin syndrome is a rare disease characterized by thrombophlebitis and multiple pulmonary and/or bronchial aneurysms. The etiology and pathogenesis of HSS are incompletely known. The current consensus is that vasculitis underlies the pathogenic process, and pulmonary thrombosis follows arterial wall inflammation. As such, Hughes-Stovin syndrome may belong to the vascular cluster with lung involvement of Behçet syndrome, although oral aphtae, arthritis, and uveitis are rarely found. Behçet syndrome is a multifactorial polygenic disease with genetic, epigenetic, environmental, and mostly immunological contributors. The different Behçet syndrome phenotypes are presumably based upon different genetic determinants involving more than one pathogenic pathway. Hughes-Stovin syndrome may have common pathways with fibromuscular dysplasias and other diseases evolving with vascular aneurysms. We describe a Hughes-Stovin syndrome case fulfilling the Behçet syndrome criteria. A MYLK variant of unknown significance was detected, along with other heterozygous mutations in genes that may impact angiogenesis pathways. We discuss the possible involvement of these genetic findings, as well as other potential common determinants of Behçet/Hughes-Stovin syndrome and aneurysms in vascular Behçet syndrome. Recent advances in diagnostic techniques, including genetic testing, could help diagnose a specific Behçet syndrome subtype and other associated conditions to personalize the disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Manole
- Department of Radiology, “Niculae Stăncioiu” Heart Institute, 19-21 Calea Moților Street, 400001 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Radiology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Raluca Rancea
- Cardiology Department, Heart Institute “Niculae Stăncioiu”, 19-21 Calea Moților Street, 400001 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Romana Vulturar
- Department of Molecular Sciences, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy 6, Pasteur, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, University Babes-Bolyai, 30, Fântânele Street, 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Siao-Pin Simon
- Department of Rheumatology, Emergency Clinical County Hospital Cluj, Centre for Rare Autoimmune and Autoinflammatory Diseases (ERN-ReCONNET), 2-4 Clinicilor Street, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Discipline of Rheumatology, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adrian Molnar
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart Institute “Niculae Stăncioiu”, 19-21 Calea Moților Street, 400001 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babes Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Laura Damian
- Department of Rheumatology, Emergency Clinical County Hospital Cluj, Centre for Rare Autoimmune and Autoinflammatory Diseases (ERN-ReCONNET), 2-4 Clinicilor Street, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- CMI Reumatologie Dr. Damian, 6-8 Petru Maior Street, 400002 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Guo R, Du P, Pei Y, Yang J, Li S, Chang S, Sun H, He X, Dong J, Zhou J, Jing Z. Whole-Exome Sequencing Identified Genes Responsible for Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms and Dissections in three Chinese Families. Front Genet 2022; 13:910932. [PMID: 35754816 PMCID: PMC9215720 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.910932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections are precarious conditions that often cannot be diagnosed with fatal outcomes. Over the last few years, pathogenic variants in numerous genes have been identified that predispose to heritable presentations of TAAD. An evidence-based strategy for the selection of genes to test in familial TAAD helps inform family screening and intervention to prevent life-threatening events. Using whole-exome sequencing, four members of three unrelated families clinically diagnosed with TAAD were used to identify the genetic origin of the disorder. Variant evaluation was carried out to detect the pathogenic mutation. Our studies suggest that mutations of COL3A1 and ACTA2 are responsible for familial TAAD. In addition, we highlight FBLN5, FBN1, SLC2A10, FBN2, and NOTCH1 as candidate genes. Future studies of crosstalk among the pathways may provide us a step toward understanding the pathogenic mechanism. This finding indicates the necessity of obtaining family medical history and screening of extended relatives of patients with TAAD for the early identification and treatment of TAAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renle Guo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Vascular Surgery, Taian Central Hospital, Taian, China
| | - Pengcheng Du
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifei Pei
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Yang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Suining Central Hostpital, Suining, China
| | - Shuangshuang Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng Chang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiying Sun
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaomin He
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Dong
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zaiping Jing
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Krych M, Ponińska J, Bilińska ZT, Płoski R, Biernacka EK. Coincidence of Andersen-Tawil syndrome and Marfan syndrome: A case report. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol 2019; 24:e12624. [PMID: 30672637 DOI: 10.1111/anec.12624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on a 44-year-old woman with coincidence of two genetic disorders: Andersen-Tawil syndrome and Marfan syndrome. In both, life-threatening arrhythmias could occur. A 44-year-old woman presented acute ascending aortic dissection with aortic arch involvement and chronic thoracic descending and abdominal aortic dissection. Clinical and genetic examination confirmed Marfan syndrome (MFS) diagnosis. Due to repolarization disorder in ECG and premature ventricular contractions in Holter ECG, the sequencing data were analyzed again and mutation in KCNJ2 gene was identified. The case showed that coincidence of Andersen-Tawil syndrome (ATS) and MFS did not provoke life-threatening arrhythmias. Complication was rather caused by expression of FBN1 mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michalina Krych
- Department of Congenital Heart Diseases, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Ponińska
- Department of Medical Biology, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zofia T Bilińska
- Unit for Screening Studies in Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Rafał Płoski
- Department of Medical Genetics, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elżbieta K Biernacka
- Department of Congenital Heart Diseases, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland
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Ju X, Ijaz T, Sun H, Lejeune W, Vargas G, Shilagard T, Recinos A, Milewicz DM, Brasier AR, Tilton RG. IL-6 regulates extracellular matrix remodeling associated with aortic dilation in a fibrillin-1 hypomorphic mgR/mgR mouse model of severe Marfan syndrome. J Am Heart Assoc 2014; 3:e000476. [PMID: 24449804 PMCID: PMC3959679 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.113.000476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Background Development of thoracic aortic aneurysms is the most significant clinical phenotype in patients with Marfan syndrome. An inflammatory response has been described in advanced stages of the disease. Because the hallmark of vascular inflammation is local interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) secretion, we explored the role of this proinflammatory cytokine in the formation of aortic aneurysms and rupture in hypomorphic fibrillin‐deficient mice (mgR/mgR). Methods and Results MgR/mgR mice developed ascending aortic aneurysms with significant dilation of the ascending aorta by 12 weeks (2.7±0.1 and 1.3±0.1 for mgR/mgR versus wild‐type mice, respectively; P<0.001). IL‐6 signaling was increased in mgR/mgR aortas measured by increases in IL‐6 and SOCS3 mRNA transcripts (P<0.05) and in cytokine secretion of IL‐6, MCP‐1, and GM‐CSF (P<0.05). To investigate the role of IL‐6 signaling, we generated mgR homozygous mice with IL‐6 deficiency (DKO). The extracellular matrix of mgR/mgR mice showed significant disruption of elastin and the presence of dysregulated collagen deposition in the medial‐adventitial border by second harmonic generation multiphoton autofluorescence microscopy. DKO mice exhibited less elastin and collagen degeneration than mgR/mgR mice, which was associated with decreased activity of matrix metalloproteinase‐9 and had significantly reduced aortic dilation (1.0±0.1 versus 1.6±0.2 mm change from baseline, DKO versus mgR/mgR, P<0.05) that did not affect rupture and survival. Conclusion Activation of IL‐6‐STAT3 signaling contributes to aneurysmal dilation in mgR/mgR mice through increased MMP‐9 activity, aggravating extracellular matrix degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxi Ju
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
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Inamoto S, Kwartler CS, Lafont AL, Liang YY, Fadulu VT, Duraisamy S, Willing M, Estrera A, Safi H, Hannibal MC, Carey J, Wiktorowicz J, Tan FK, Feng XH, Pannu H, Milewicz DM. TGFBR2 mutations alter smooth muscle cell phenotype and predispose to thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections. Cardiovasc Res 2010; 88:520-9. [PMID: 20628007 PMCID: PMC2972687 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvq230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2010] [Revised: 06/29/2010] [Accepted: 07/06/2010] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling is critical for the differentiation of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) into quiescent cells expressing a full repertoire of contractile proteins. Heterozygous mutations in TGF-β receptor type II (TGFBR2) disrupt TGF-β signaling and lead to genetic conditions that predispose to thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections (TAADs). The aim of this study is to determine the molecular mechanism by which TGFBR2 mutations cause TAADs. METHODS AND RESULTS Using aortic SMCs explanted from patients with TGFBR2 mutations, we show decreased expression of SMC contractile proteins compared with controls. Exposure to TGF-β1 fails to increase expression of contractile genes in mutant SMCs, whereas control cells further increase expression of these genes. Analysis of fixed and frozen aortas from patients with TGFBR2 mutations confirms decreased in vivo expression of contractile proteins relative to unaffected aortas. Fibroblasts explanted from patients with TGFBR2 mutations fail to transform into mature myofibroblasts with TGF-β1 stimulation as assessed by expression of contractile proteins. CONCLUSIONS These data support the conclusion that heterozygous TGFBR2 mutations lead to decreased expression of SMC contractile protein in both SMCs and myofibroblasts. The failure of TGFBR2-mutant SMCs to fully express SMC contractile proteins predicts defective contractile function in these cells and aligns with a hypothesis that defective SMC contractile function contributes to the pathogenesis of TAAD.
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MESH Headings
- Actins/metabolism
- Aortic Dissection/genetics
- Aortic Dissection/metabolism
- Animals
- Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/genetics
- Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/metabolism
- Calcium-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Calmodulin-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Case-Control Studies
- Cell Differentiation/drug effects
- Cell Differentiation/genetics
- Cell Differentiation/physiology
- Cell Line
- Cell Proliferation
- Cells, Cultured
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics
- Humans
- Mice
- Microfilament Proteins/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Myofibroblasts/cytology
- Myofibroblasts/metabolism
- Phenotype
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type II
- Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta/genetics
- Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/physiology
- Transfection
- Transforming Growth Factor beta1/pharmacology
- Calponins
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakiko Inamoto
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, MSB 6.100, 6431, Fannin St, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Callie S. Kwartler
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, MSB 6.100, 6431, Fannin St, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Andrea L. Lafont
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, MSB 6.100, 6431, Fannin St, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yao Yun Liang
- Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Van Tran Fadulu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, MSB 6.100, 6431, Fannin St, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Senthil Duraisamy
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, MSB 6.100, 6431, Fannin St, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Marcia Willing
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Anthony Estrera
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, MSB 6.100, 6431, Fannin St, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hazim Safi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, MSB 6.100, 6431, Fannin St, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mark C. Hannibal
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - John Carey
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah College of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - John Wiktorowicz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Filemon K. Tan
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, MSB 6.100, 6431, Fannin St, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xin-Hua Feng
- Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hariyadarshi Pannu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, MSB 6.100, 6431, Fannin St, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Dianna M. Milewicz
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, MSB 6.100, 6431, Fannin St, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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