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Jiménez-Jiménez FJ, Alonso-Navarro H, García-Martín E, Agúndez JAG. Coenzyme Q10 and Dementia: A Systematic Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020533. [PMID: 36830090 PMCID: PMC9952341 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well known that coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) has important antioxidant properties. Because one of the main mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases is oxidative stress, analysis of the concentrations of CoQ10 in different tissues of AD patients and with other dementia syndromes and the possible therapeutic role of CoQ10 in AD have been addressed in several studies. We performed a systematic review and a meta-analysis of these studies measuring tissue CoQ10 levels in patients with dementia and controls which showed that, compared with controls, AD patients had similar serum/plasma CoQ10 levels. We also revised the possible therapeutic effects of CoQ10 in experimental models of AD and other dementias (which showed important neuroprotective effects of coenzyme Q10) and in humans with AD, other dementias, and mild cognitive impairment (with inconclusive results). The potential role of CoQ10 treatment in AD and in improving memory in aged rodents shown in experimental models deserves future studies in patients with AD, other causes of dementia, and mild cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félix Javier Jiménez-Jiménez
- Section of Neurology, Hospital Universitario del Sureste, Arganda del Rey, Ronda del Sur 10, E-28500 Arganda del Rey, Spain
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +34-636-968395; Fax: +34-91-328-0704
| | - Hortensia Alonso-Navarro
- Section of Neurology, Hospital Universitario del Sureste, Arganda del Rey, Ronda del Sur 10, E-28500 Arganda del Rey, Spain
| | - Elena García-Martín
- University Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, Universidad de Extremadura, E-10071 Cáceres, Spain
| | - José A. G. Agúndez
- University Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, Universidad de Extremadura, E-10071 Cáceres, Spain
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Jorda A, Armogida M, Lackner E, Saikumar S, Sucharski F, Weber M, Zeitlinger M. Diclofenac in vitro microdialysis study comparing different experimental setups to improve quantitative recovery. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2022; 130:468-480. [PMID: 35048557 PMCID: PMC9305941 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Several studies investigated diclofenac tissue concentrations using microdialysis (MD). However, thorough evaluations of the optimal MD set‐up for diclofenac are unavailable. Thus, this in vitro MD study aimed to compare different set‐ups to improve quantitative recovery of diclofenac. In forward and reverse in vitro MD experiments with diclofenac at two concentrations (1 and 100 ng/ml), the perfusion solutions physiological saline 0.9% (PS) and human albumin 1% (HSA) were compared using tissue probes (10‐mm membrane) and customized intravenous (iv) probes (30‐mm membrane). Using PS, the mean relative recovery of diclofenac at 1 ng/ml was 1.6% ± 0.04% and 3.12% ± 0.00% with the tissue probe and the iv probe, respectively. The respective mean relative recovery for diclofenac at 100 ng/ml was 0.02% ± 0.01% and 0.21% ± 0.11%. Using HSA, the mean relative recovery was 314% ± 25% (tissue probe) and 1064% ± 97% (iv probe) for diclofenac at 1 ng/ml and 444% ± 91% and 1415% ± 217% for diclofenac at 100 ng/ml. In reverse dialysis using PS, the mean relative loss of diclofenac was 99.2% ± 0.5% (tissue probe) and 95.8% ± 1.7% (iv probe). Using HSA, the mean relative loss was −4.4% ± 7.2% and 0.2% ± 7.5%, respectively. PS and HSA were not suitable perfusion solutions for quantification of absolute diclofenac concentrations. Despite methodological challenges, HSA may be used for comparative experiments or bioequivalence studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anselm Jorda
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Edith Lackner
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Maria Weber
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Zeitlinger
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
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3
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Murata Y, Neuhoff S, Rostami-Hodjegan A, Takita H, Al-Majdoub ZM, Ogungbenro K. In Vitro to In Vivo Extrapolation Linked to Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Models for Assessing the Brain Drug Disposition. AAPS J 2022; 24:28. [PMID: 35028763 PMCID: PMC8817058 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-021-00675-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug development for the central nervous system (CNS) is a complex endeavour with low success rates, as the structural complexity of the brain and specifically the blood-brain barrier (BBB) poses tremendous challenges. Several in vitro brain systems have been evaluated, but the ultimate use of these data in terms of translation to human brain concentration profiles remains to be fully developed. Thus, linking up in vitro-to-in vivo extrapolation (IVIVE) strategies to physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models of brain is a useful effort that allows better prediction of drug concentrations in CNS components. Such models may overcome some known aspects of inter-species differences in CNS drug disposition. Required physiological (i.e. systems) parameters in the model are derived from quantitative values in each organ. However, due to the inability to directly measure brain concentrations in humans, compound-specific (drug) parameters are often obtained from in silico or in vitro studies. Such data are translated through IVIVE which could be also applied to preclinical in vivo observations. In such exercises, the limitations of the assays and inter-species differences should be adequately understood in order to verify these predictions with the observed concentration data. This report summarizes the state of IVIVE-PBPK-linked models and discusses shortcomings and areas of further research for better prediction of CNS drug disposition. Graphical abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Murata
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.,Sohyaku.Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, 1000, Kamoshida-cho, Aoba-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 227-0033, Japan
| | - Sibylle Neuhoff
- Certara UK Ltd, Simcyp Division, 1 Concourse Way, Level 2-Acero, Sheffield, S1 2BJ, UK
| | - Amin Rostami-Hodjegan
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.,Certara UK Ltd, Simcyp Division, 1 Concourse Way, Level 2-Acero, Sheffield, S1 2BJ, UK
| | - Hiroyuki Takita
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.,Development Planning, Clinical Development Center, Asahi Kasei Pharma Corporation, Hibiya Mitsui Tower, 1-1-2 Yurakucho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100-0006, Japan
| | - Zubida M Al-Majdoub
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Kayode Ogungbenro
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.
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Abbasi A, Zakaly HMH, Algethami M, Abdel-Hafez SH. Radiological risk assessment of natural radionuclides in the marine ecosystem of the Northwest Mediterranean Sea. Int J Radiat Biol 2021; 98:205-211. [PMID: 34919001 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2022.2020359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to assess the radiological risk of natural radionuclides (226Ra, 232Th, and 40K) to marine ecosystem biota. Materials and Methods: The study site in this was the Mediterranean Sea, Cyprus. With the use of the RESRAD-BIOTA (RESidual RADioactivity BIOTA) code, the tissue concentration, external and internal dose rate of aquatic animals and riparian animals were estimated. Results: The total tissue concentrations of the aquatic animals and riparian animals were simulated at 1.14 × 106 Bq/kg (water media) to 0 Bq/kg (sediment media), and 1.33 × 106 Bq/kg (water media) to 9.79 × 101 Bq/kg (sediment media), respectively. The total dose rate for aquatic animals and riparian animals were ranged from 1.94 × 10-2 to 0 Gray per day (Gy/d) and 1.46 × 10-2 to 7.40 × 10-7 Gy/d, respectively. Conclusions: Based on the risk assessment of this study, there is no significant impact due to organisms' exposure to natural radioactivity. Although, further consideration of the exposure levels is required due to the potential effects of protracted low-level ionizing radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akbar Abbasi
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Kyrenia, Kyrenia, TRNC, via Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Hesham M H Zakaly
- Institute of physics and technology, Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, 620002, Russia.,Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, 71524 Assuit, Egypt
| | | | - Shams H Abdel-Hafez
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O.Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
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Tan SPF, Chan ECY, Chan JCY. Predicting human tissue exposures to xenobiotics using a bottom-up physiologically-based biokinetic model. ALTEX 2020; 38:253-268. [PMID: 33219385 DOI: 10.14573/altex.2007151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Advances in physiologically-based biokinetic (PBK) modelling, in vitro-to-in vivo extrapolation (IVIVE) methodologies, and development of permeability-limited biokinetic models have allowed predictions of tissue drug concentrations without utilizing in vivo animal or human data. However, there is a lack of in vivo human tissue concentrations to validate these models. Herein, we validated the performance of our previously published bottom-up rosuvastatin (RSV) PBK model with clinical data from a recently published study that made use of positron emission tomography (PET) imaging to quantify the hepatic concentrations of [11C]RSV drug-drug interaction (DDI) with cyclosporine A (CsA). Simulated RSV area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC0h-t) and maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) before and after DDI were within 1.5-fold of the observed data. Simulated AUC0-30min and Cmax ratios in the DDI setting matched the observed ratios closely (within 1.1-fold). To predict RSV hepatic concentrations, the model inputs were modified to account for RSV in the bile canaliculi after biliary excretion. The model recapitulated the observed hepatic concentrations before DDI and the decrease in hepatic concentrations after DDI. Simulated area under the liver concentration-time curve (AUC0-30min,liver), maximum liver concentration (Cmax,liver), AUC0-30min,liver ratio and Cmax,liver ratios were predicted within 1.5-fold of the observed data. In summary, we validated the ability of bottom-up PBK modelling to predict RSV hepatic concentrations with and without DDI with CsA. Our findings confirm the importance to account for drug distributed within the bile canaliculi for accurate prediction of hepatic tissue drug levels when compared against in vivo liver PET scan data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn P F Tan
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore.,Innovations in Food and Chemical Safety, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Eric C Y Chan
- Innovations in Food and Chemical Safety, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore.,Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - James C Y Chan
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore.,Innovations in Food and Chemical Safety, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore.,Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
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Bohn T. Carotenoids and Markers of Oxidative Stress in Human Observational Studies and Intervention Trials: Implications for Chronic Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E179. [PMID: 31213029 PMCID: PMC6616644 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8060179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Carotenoids include C30, C40 and C50 terpenoid-based molecules, many of which constitute coloured pigments. However, >1100 of these are known to occur in nature and only about a dozen are known to play a role in our daily diet. Carotenoids have received much attention due to their proposed health benefits, including reducing the incidence of chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Many of these diseases are characterized by chronic inflammation co-occurring with oxidative stress, characterized by, for example, enhanced plasma F2-isoprostane concentrations, malondialdehyde, and 8-hydroxyguanosine. Though carotenoids can act as direct antioxidants, quenching, for example, singlet oxygen and peroxide radicals, an important biological function appears to rest also in the activation of the body's own antioxidant defence system, related to superoxide-dismutase, catalase, and glutathione-peroxidase expression, likely due to the interaction with transcription factors, such as nuclear-factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2). Though mostly based on small-scale and observational studies which do not allow for drawing conclusions regarding causality, several supplementation trials with isolated carotenoids or food items suggest positive health effects. However, negative effects have also been reported, especially regarding beta-carotene for smokers. This review is aimed at summarizing the results from human observational studies/intervention trials targeting carotenoids in relation to chronic diseases characterized by oxidative stress and markers thereof.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Bohn
- Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg.
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Borowska S, Brzóska MM, Gałażyn-Sidorczuk M, Rogalska J. Effect of an Extract from Aronia melanocarpa L. Berries on the Body Status of Zinc and Copper under Chronic Exposure to Cadmium: An In Vivo Experimental Study. Nutrients 2017; 9:E1374. [PMID: 29257101 PMCID: PMC5748824 DOI: 10.3390/nu9121374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In an experimental model of low-level and moderate environmental human exposure to cadmium (Cd), it was investigated whether the consumption of a polyphenol-rich Aronia melanocarpa L. berries (chokeberries) extract (AE) may influence the body status of zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu). The bioelements' apparent absorption, body retention, serum and tissue concentrations, total pool in internal organs, excretion, and the degree of binding to metallothionein were evaluated in female rats administered 0.1% aqueous AE or/and Cd in their diet (1 and 5 mg/kg) for 3-24 months. The consumption of AE alone had no influence on the body status of Zn and Cu. The extract administration at both levels of Cd treatment significantly (completely or partially) protected against most of the changes in the metabolism of Zn and Cu caused by this xenobiotic; however, it increased or decreased some of the Cd-unchanged indices of their body status. Based on the findings, it seems that rational amounts of chokeberry products may be included in the daily diet without the risk of destroying Zn and Cu metabolisms; however, their potential prophylactic use under exposure to Cd needs further study to exclude any unfavourable impact of these essential elements on the metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Borowska
- Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Bialystok, Adama Mickiewicza 2C Street, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata M Brzóska
- Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Bialystok, Adama Mickiewicza 2C Street, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Gałażyn-Sidorczuk
- Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Bialystok, Adama Mickiewicza 2C Street, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Joanna Rogalska
- Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Bialystok, Adama Mickiewicza 2C Street, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland.
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Abstract
Plasma disposition and depletion of moxifloxacin were investigated in Japanese quail ( Coturnix japonica ) after single intravenous, intramuscular, and oral administration of 5 mg/kg and after intramuscular and oral administration of 5 mg/kg q24h for 5 consecutive days, respectively. Drug concentrations in plasma and tissues were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. After intravenous injection, plasma drug concentration-time curves were best described by a 2-compartment open model. The decline in plasma drug concentration was biexponential with half-lives of 0.3 hours and 2.18 hours for distribution and elimination phases, respectively. Steady-state volume of distribution and total body clearance after intravenous administration were estimated to be 1.12 L/kg and 0.41 L/h per kilogram, respectively. After intramuscular and oral administration of moxifloxacin at the same dose, the peak plasma concentrations were 2.14 and 1.94 μg/mL and were obtained at 1.4 and 1.87 hours, respectively, and the elimination half-lives were 2.56 and 1.97 hours, respectively. The systemic bioavailabilities were 92.48% and 87.94%, respectively. Tissue levels after intramuscular and oral administration were highest in liver and kidneys, respectively, and decreased in the following order: plasma, lungs, and muscle. Moxifloxacin concentrations after intramuscular and oral administration were below the detection limit of the assay in tissues and plasma after 120 hours.
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Take M, Matsumoto M, Takeuchi T, Haresaku M, Kondo H, Senoh H, Umeda Y, Takamura-Enya T, Fukushima S. Inhalation exposure to 1,2-dichloropropane: Distribution of blood and tissue concentrations of 1,2-dichloropropane in rats during and after exposure. J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng 2014; 49:1341-1348. [PMID: 25072765 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2014.928193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The present investigation was undertaken to determine the distribution and accumulation of 1,2-dichloropropane (DCP) in the blood, lung, liver, kidney, and abdominal fat of rats during and after inhalation exposure. Male rats were exposed to 80 or 500 ppm (v/v) DCP vapor for 360 min and the concentrations of DCP in the blood and tissues during the inhalation exposure period and after the end of the exposure period were measured. DCP accumulation in the abdominal fat was much greater than that in the blood and other tissues. Eighteen hours after the end of inhalation exposure, DCP could still be detected in the abdominal fat in the 80-ppm group, and in the blood, liver, kidney, and abdominal fat in the 500-ppm group. Our results are valuable data pertaining to the pharmacokinetics of DCP and to human health risk assessment of exposure to DCP vapor by inhalation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Take
- a Japan Bioassay Research Center, Japan Industrial Safety and Health Association , Hadano , Kanagawa , Japan
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Aylward LL, Goodman JE, Charnley G, Rhomberg LR. A margin-of-exposure approach to assessment of noncancer risks of dioxins based on human exposure and response data. Environ Health Perspect 2008; 116:1344-1351. [PMID: 18941576 PMCID: PMC2569093 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.11514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2008] [Accepted: 06/12/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Risk assessment of human environmental exposure to polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/PCDFs) and other dioxin-like compounds is complicated by several factors, including limitations in measuring intakes because of the low concentrations of these compounds in foods and the environment and interspecies differences in pharmacokinetics and responses. OBJECTIVES We examined the feasibility of relying directly on human studies of exposure and potential responses to PCDD/PCDFs and related compounds in terms of measured lipid-adjusted concentrations to assess margin of exposure (MOE) in a quantitative, benchmark dose (BMD)-based framework using representative exposure and selected response data sets. METHODS We characterize estimated central tendency and upper-bound general U.S. population lipid-adjusted concentrations of PCDD/PCDFs from the 1970s and early 2000s based on available data sets. Estimates of benchmark concentrations for three example responses of interest (induction of cytochrome P4501A2 activity, dental anomalies, and neonatal thyroid hormone alterations) were derived based on selected human studies. RESULTS The exposure data sets indicate that current serum lipid concentrations in young adults are approximately 6- to 7-fold lower than 1970s-era concentrations. Estimated MOEs for each end point based on current serum lipid concentrations range from < 10 for neonatal thyroid hormone concentrations to > 100 for dental anomalies-approximately 6-fold greater than would have existed during the 1970s. CONCLUSIONS Human studies of dioxin exposure and outcomes can be used in a BMD framework for quantitative assessments of MOE. Incomplete exposure characterization can complicate the use of such studies in a BMD framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lesa L Aylward
- Summit Toxicology, LLP, Falls Church, Virginia 22044, USA.
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Nielsen P, Rasmussen F. Concentrations of trimethoprim and sulphadoxine in tissues from goats and a cow. Acta Vet Scand 1975; 16:405-10. [PMID: 1180195 PMCID: PMC8395954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The concentration of trimethoprim and sulphadoxine in plasma and tissue from goats and a cow have been determined after a single intravenous injection. Furthermore, the concentration of the two drugs and their metabolites in plasma and tissues have been determined after continuous intravenous infusion for 2½–3 hrs. Trimethoprim was present in all tissues but brain at higher concentrations than in plasma while the concentration of sulphadoxine in the different tissues were lower than in plasma. The highest concentration of the 2 drugs and their metabolites was found in the kidney. The distribution pattern of trimethoprim and sulphadoxine was similar in cow and goats.
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