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Yang S, Zhi K, Zhang Z, Kerem R, Hong Q, Zhao L, Wu W, Wang L, Wang D. Nitrogen-Rich Triazine-Based Covalent Organic Frameworks as Efficient Visible Light Photocatalysts for Hydrogen Peroxide Production. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2024; 14:643. [PMID: 38607177 PMCID: PMC11013763 DOI: 10.3390/nano14070643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have been widely used in photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production due to their favorable band structure and excellent light absorption. Due to the rapid recombination rate of charge carriers, however, their applications are mainly restricted. This study presents the design and development of two highly conjugated triazine-based COFs (TBP-COF and TTP-COF) and evaluates their photocatalytic H2O2 production performance. The nitrogen-rich structures and high degrees of conjugation of TBP-COF and TTP-COF facilitate improved light absorption, promote O2 adsorption, enhance their redox power, and enable the efficient separation and transfer of photogenerated charge carriers. There is thus an increase in the photocatalytic activity for the production of H2O2. When exposed to 10 W LED visible light irradiation at a wavelength of 420 nm, the pyridine-based TTP-COF produced 4244 μmol h-1 g-1 of H2O2 from pure water in the absence of a sacrificial agent. Compared to TBP-COF (1882 μmol h-1 g-1), which has a similar structure but lacks pyridine sites, TTP-COF demonstrated nearly 2.5 times greater efficiency. Furthermore, it exhibited superior performance compared to most previously published nonmetal COF-based photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Yang
- College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China; (S.Y.); (Z.Z.); (R.K.); (Q.H.); (L.Z.); (W.W.)
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Keke Zhi
- College of Engineering, China University of Petroleum—Beijing at Karamay, Karamay 834000, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing—Karamay Branch, Karamay 834000, China
| | - Zhimin Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China; (S.Y.); (Z.Z.); (R.K.); (Q.H.); (L.Z.); (W.W.)
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Rukiya Kerem
- College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China; (S.Y.); (Z.Z.); (R.K.); (Q.H.); (L.Z.); (W.W.)
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Qiong Hong
- College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China; (S.Y.); (Z.Z.); (R.K.); (Q.H.); (L.Z.); (W.W.)
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China; (S.Y.); (Z.Z.); (R.K.); (Q.H.); (L.Z.); (W.W.)
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Wenbo Wu
- College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China; (S.Y.); (Z.Z.); (R.K.); (Q.H.); (L.Z.); (W.W.)
| | - Lulu Wang
- College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China; (S.Y.); (Z.Z.); (R.K.); (Q.H.); (L.Z.); (W.W.)
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Duozhi Wang
- College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China; (S.Y.); (Z.Z.); (R.K.); (Q.H.); (L.Z.); (W.W.)
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, Urumqi 830017, China
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Chen L, Wang L, Wan Y, Zhang Y, Qi Z, Wu X, Xu H. Acetylene and Diacetylene Functionalized Covalent Triazine Frameworks as Metal-Free Photocatalysts for Hydrogen Peroxide Production: A New Two-Electron Water Oxidation Pathway. Adv Mater 2020; 32:e1904433. [PMID: 31782554 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201904433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Metal-free polymer photocatalysts have shown great promise for photocatalytic H2 O2 production via two-electron reduction of molecular O2 . The other half-reaction, which is the two-electron oxidation of water, still remains elusive toward H2 O2 production. However, enabling this water oxidation pathway is critically important to improve the yield and maximize atom utilization efficiency. It is shown that introducing acetylene (CC) or diacetylene (CCCC) moieties into covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs) can remarkably promote photocatalytic H2 O2 production. This enhancement is inherent to the incorporated carbon-carbon triple bonds which are essential in modulating the electronic structures of CTFs and suppressing charge recombinations. Furthermore, the acetylene and diacetylene moieties can significantly reduce the energy associated with OH* formation and thus enable a new two-electron oxidation pathway toward H2 O2 production. The study unveils an important reaction pathway toward photocatalytic H2 O2 production, reflecting that precise control over the chemical structures of polymer photocatalysts is vital to achieve efficient solar-to-chemical energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Yangyang Wan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Zeming Qi
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230029, China
| | - Xiaojun Wu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Hangxun Xu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
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