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Li T, Liu X, Xiang H, Zhu H, Lu X, Feng B. Two-Phase Fermentation Systems for Microbial Production of Plant-Derived Terpenes. Molecules 2024; 29:1127. [PMID: 38474639 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Microbial cell factories, renowned for their economic and environmental benefits, have emerged as a key trend in academic and industrial areas, particularly in the fermentation of natural compounds. Among these, plant-derived terpenes stand out as a significant class of bioactive natural products. The large-scale production of such terpenes, exemplified by artemisinic acid-a crucial precursor to artemisinin-is now feasible through microbial cell factories. In the fermentation of terpenes, two-phase fermentation technology has been widely applied due to its unique advantages. It facilitates in situ product extraction or adsorption, effectively mitigating the detrimental impact of product accumulation on microbial cells, thereby significantly bolstering the efficiency of microbial production of plant-derived terpenes. This paper reviews the latest developments in two-phase fermentation system applications, focusing on microbial fermentation of plant-derived terpenes. It also discusses the mechanisms influencing microbial biosynthesis of terpenes. Moreover, we introduce some new two-phase fermentation techniques, currently unexplored in terpene fermentation, with the aim of providing more thoughts and explorations on the future applications of two-phase fermentation technology. Lastly, we discuss several challenges in the industrial application of two-phase fermentation systems, especially in downstream processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuo Li
- College of Life and Health, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China
| | - Ximeng Liu
- College of Life and Health, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China
| | - Haoyu Xiang
- College of Life and Health, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China
| | - Hehua Zhu
- College of Life and Health, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China
| | - Xuan Lu
- College of Life and Health, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China
| | - Baomin Feng
- College of Life and Health, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China
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Li L, Wang X, Li X, Shi H, Wang F, Zhang Y, Li X. Combinatorial Engineering of Mevalonate Pathway and Diterpenoid Synthases in Escherichia coli for cis-Abienol Production. J Agric Food Chem 2019; 67:6523-6531. [PMID: 31117507 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b02156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Identification of diterpene synthase-encoding genes together with synthetic biology technology offers an opportunity for the biosynthesis of cis-abienol. The methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) and the mevalonate (MVA) pathways were both engineered for cis-abienol production in Escherichia coli, which improved the cis-abienol yield by approximately 7-fold and 31-fold, respectively, compared to the yield obtained by overexpression of the MEP pathway alone or the original MEP pathway. Furthermore, systematic optimization of cis-abienol biosynthesis was performed, such as diterpene synthase screening and two-phase cultivation. The combination of bifunctional class I/II cis-abienol synthase from Abies balsamea ( AbCAS) and class II abienol synthase from Salvia sclarea ( SsTPS2) was found to be the most effective. By using isopropyl myristate as a solvent in two-phase cultivation, cis-abienol production reached 634.7 mg/L in a fed-batch bioreactor. This work shows the possibility of E. coli utilizing glucose as a carbon source for cis-abienol biosynthesis through a modified pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-forest Biomass , Nanjing Forestry University , Nanjing 210037 , China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomass-based Green Fuels and Chemicals , Nanjing Forestry University , Nanjing 210037 , China
- College of Chemical Engineering , Nanjing Forestry University , Nanjing 210037 , China
| | - Xun Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-forest Biomass , Nanjing Forestry University , Nanjing 210037 , China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomass-based Green Fuels and Chemicals , Nanjing Forestry University , Nanjing 210037 , China
- College of Chemical Engineering , Nanjing Forestry University , Nanjing 210037 , China
| | - Xinyang Li
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-forest Biomass , Nanjing Forestry University , Nanjing 210037 , China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomass-based Green Fuels and Chemicals , Nanjing Forestry University , Nanjing 210037 , China
- College of Chemical Engineering , Nanjing Forestry University , Nanjing 210037 , China
| | - Hao Shi
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Conversion and Process Integration , Huaiyin Institute of Technology , Huaian 223003 , China
| | - Fei Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-forest Biomass , Nanjing Forestry University , Nanjing 210037 , China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomass-based Green Fuels and Chemicals , Nanjing Forestry University , Nanjing 210037 , China
- College of Chemical Engineering , Nanjing Forestry University , Nanjing 210037 , China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-forest Biomass , Nanjing Forestry University , Nanjing 210037 , China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomass-based Green Fuels and Chemicals , Nanjing Forestry University , Nanjing 210037 , China
- College of Chemical Engineering , Nanjing Forestry University , Nanjing 210037 , China
| | - Xun Li
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-forest Biomass , Nanjing Forestry University , Nanjing 210037 , China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomass-based Green Fuels and Chemicals , Nanjing Forestry University , Nanjing 210037 , China
- College of Chemical Engineering , Nanjing Forestry University , Nanjing 210037 , China
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Abstract
Methyl anthranilate (MANT) is a widely used compound to give grape scent and flavor, but is currently produced by petroleum-based processes. Here, we report the direct fermentative production of MANT from glucose by metabolically engineered Escherichia coli and Corynebacterium glutamicum strains harboring a synthetic plant-derived metabolic pathway. Optimizing the key enzyme anthranilic acid (ANT) methyltransferase1 (AAMT1) expression, increasing the direct precursor ANT supply, and enhancing the intracellular availability and salvage of the cofactor S-adenosyl-l-methionine required by AAMT1, results in improved MANT production in both engineered microorganisms. Furthermore, in situ two-phase extractive fermentation using tributyrin as an extractant is developed to overcome MANT toxicity. Fed-batch cultures of the final engineered E. coli and C. glutamicum strains in two-phase cultivation mode led to the production of 4.47 and 5.74 g/L MANT, respectively, in minimal media containing glucose. The metabolic engineering strategies developed here will be useful for the production of volatile aromatic esters including MANT.
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