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Yao W, Yan Y, Sun J, Zhang Z, Sun W, Huang W, Cheng J, Zhao H, Xie M, Sun Q, Huang G, Lin X. Mechanically Durable Superhydrophobic Strain Sensors with High Biocompatibility and Sensing Performance for Underwater Motion Monitoring. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:6548-6561. [PMID: 38270085 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Much progress has been made toward the development of wearable flexible strain sensors with high sensing performance to monitor human motion, but continuous function in harsh aqueous environments remains a significant challenge. A promising strategy has been the design of sensors with highly durable superhydrophobicity and maintenance of unique sensing properties. Herein, an extremely durable superhydrophobic strain sensor with an ultrawide sensing range was simply fabricated by directly brushing conductive carbon black nanoparticles (CBNPs) onto an elastic silicone rubber sheet (SS) with poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) coatings (i.e., SS/PDMS-CBNPs sensors). First, this method avoided the use of toxic solvents and a conventional prestretching treatment. Second, considering the easily destroyed rough structures and surface chemistry for conventional superhydrophobic sensors during practical applications, the prepared SS/PDMS-CBNP sensors showed excellent mechanical durability of both superhydrophobicity and sensing as examined by harsh abrasion (300 cycles), stretching (up to 200%), and ultrasonication (40 min) treatments. Third, the prepared superhydrophobic strain sensor exhibited high sensitivity (gauge factor of 101.75), high stretchability (0.015-460%), low hysteresis (83 ms), and long-term stability (10000 cycles). Fourth, the high biocompatibility of the SS/PDMS-CBNP sensor was demonstrated by rabbit skin irritation tests. Finally, the remarkable water-repellent and sensing properties of the SS/PDMS-CBNP sensor allowed its application to monitor a swimmer's real-time situation and send distress signals when needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanchen Yao
- Department of Research, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, China
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
| | - Yuzhong Yan
- Department of Research, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Jianlei Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zeshan Zhang
- Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - Wenwen Sun
- Department of Research, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Wenrui Huang
- Department of Research, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Jing Cheng
- Department of Research, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Research, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Meihua Xie
- Department of Research, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Qijun Sun
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
| | - Gang Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Xiangde Lin
- Department of Research, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, China
- Graduate School, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
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