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Cairone F, Cesa S, Ciogli A, Fabrizi G, Goggiamani A, Iazzetti A, Di Lena G, Sanchez del Pulgar J, Lucarini M, Cantò L, Zengin G, Ondrejíčková P. Valorization of By-Products from Biofuel Biorefineries: Extraction and Purification of Bioactive Molecules from Post-Fermentation Corn Oil. Foods 2022; 11:foods11020153. [PMID: 35053885 PMCID: PMC8774612 DOI: 10.3390/foods11020153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to develop innovative and sustainable extraction, concentration, and purification technologies aimed to recover target substances from corn oil, obtained as side stream product of biomass refineries. Residues of bioactive compounds such as carotenoids, phytosterols, tocopherols, and polyphenols could be extracted from this matrix and applied as ingredients for food and feeds, nutraceuticals, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetic products. These molecules are well known for their antioxidant and antiradical capacity, besides other specific biological activities, generically involved in the prevention of chronic and degenerative diseases. The project involved the development of methods for the selective extraction of these minor components, using as suitable extraction technique solid phase extraction. All the extracted and purified fractions were evaluated by NMR spectroscopic analyses and UV–Vis spectrophotometric techniques and characterized by quali-quantitative HPLC analyses. TPC (total phenolic content) and TFC (total flavonoid content) were also determined. DPPH and ABTS radical were used to evaluate radical quenching abilities. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), amylase, glucosidase, and tyrosinase were selected as enzymes in the enzyme inhibitory assays. The obtained results showed the presence of a complex group of interesting molecules with strong potential in market applications according to circular economy principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Cairone
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technology, Sapienza, University of Roma, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (S.C.); (A.C.); (G.F.); (A.G.)
| | - Stefania Cesa
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technology, Sapienza, University of Roma, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (S.C.); (A.C.); (G.F.); (A.G.)
| | - Alessia Ciogli
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technology, Sapienza, University of Roma, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (S.C.); (A.C.); (G.F.); (A.G.)
| | - Giancarlo Fabrizi
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technology, Sapienza, University of Roma, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (S.C.); (A.C.); (G.F.); (A.G.)
| | - Antonella Goggiamani
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technology, Sapienza, University of Roma, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (S.C.); (A.C.); (G.F.); (A.G.)
| | - Antonia Iazzetti
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technology, Sapienza, University of Roma, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (S.C.); (A.C.); (G.F.); (A.G.)
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.I.); (G.D.L.)
| | - Gabriella Di Lena
- CREA Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy; (J.S.d.P.); (M.L.)
- Correspondence: (A.I.); (G.D.L.)
| | - Jose Sanchez del Pulgar
- CREA Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy; (J.S.d.P.); (M.L.)
| | - Massimo Lucarini
- CREA Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy; (J.S.d.P.); (M.L.)
| | - Luca Cantò
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, 42130 Konya, Turkey;
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