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Yang Z, Liu W, Chen Q, Wang X, Zhang W, Zhang Q, Zuo J, Yao Y, Gu X, Si K, Liu K, Wang J, Gong Y. Ultrasmooth and Dense Lithium Deposition Toward High-Performance Lithium-Metal Batteries. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2210130. [PMID: 36641628 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202210130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Lithium (Li)-metal batteries (LMBs) with stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and dendrite-free formation have great potential in next-generation energy storage devices. Here, vertically aligned 3D Cu2 S nanosheet arrays are fabricated on the surface of commercial Cu foils, which in situ generate ultrathin Cu nanosheet arrays to reduce local current density and Li2 S layers on the surfaces to work as an excellent artificial SEI. It is found that Li presents a 3D-to-planar deposition model, and Li2 S layers are reversibly movable between the 3D nanosheet surface and 2D planar surface of Li during long-term cycling. This enables ultrasmooth and dense Li deposition at 1 mA cm-2 , presenting an average thickness of ≈53.0 µm at 10 mAh cm-2 , which is close to the theoretical Li foil thickness and is highly reversible at different cycles. Thus, 1150 stable cycles with high Coulombic efficiency (CE, 99.1%) at ether-based electrolytes and 300 stable cycles with high CE (98.8%) at carbonate electrolytes are realized in half-cell with a capacity of 1 mAh cm-2 at 1 mA cm-2 . When coupled with commercial cathodes (LiFePO4 or LiNi0.8 Co0.1 Mn0.1 O2 ), the full cells present substantially enhanced cyclability under high cathode loading, limited (or zero) Li excess, and lean electrolyte conditions, even at -20 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilin Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Qian Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Xingguo Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Weili Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100080, P. R. China
| | - Qiannan Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Jinghan Zuo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Yong Yao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Xiaokang Gu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Kunpeng Si
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100080, P. R. China
| | - Jinliang Wang
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Yongji Gong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
- Center for Micro-Nano Innovation, Beihang University, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing Materials and Chip Integration Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310051, P. R. China
- Tianmushan Laboratory, Xixi Octagon City, Yuhang District, Hangzhou, 310023, P. R. China
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