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Chen H, Yuan M, Quan X, Chen D, Yang J, Zhang C, Nan Y, Luo F, Wan D, Yang G, An C. The relationship between central obesity and risk of breast cancer: a dose-response meta-analysis of 7,989,315 women. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1236393. [PMID: 38024370 PMCID: PMC10665573 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1236393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Central obesity may contribute to breast cancer (BC); however, there is no dose-response relationship. This meta-analysis examined the effects of central obesity on BC and their potential dose-response relationship. Methods In the present study, PubMed, Medline, Embase, and Web of Science were searched on 1 August 2022 for published articles. We included the prospective cohort and case-control studies that reported the relationship between central obesity and BC. Summary effect size estimates were expressed as risk ratios (RRs) or odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) and were evaluated using random-effect models. The inconsistency index (I2) was used to quantify the heterogeneity magnitude derived from the random-effects Mantel-Haenszel model. Results This meta-analysis included 57 studies (26 case-control and 31 prospective cohort) as of August 2022. Case-control studies indicated that waist circumference (WC) (adjusted OR = 1.18; 95% CI: 1.00-1.38; P = 0.051) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) (adjusted OR = 1.28; 95% CI: 1.07-1.53; P = 0.008) were significantly positively related to BC. Subgroup analysis showed that central obesity measured by WC increased the premenopausal (adjusted OR = 1.15; 95% CI: 0.99-1.34; P = 0.063) and postmenopausal (adjusted OR = 1.18; 95% CI: 1.03-1.36; P = 0.018) BC risk and the same relationship appeared in WHR between premenopausal (adjusted OR = 1.38; 95% CI: 1.19-1.59; P < 0.001) and postmenopausal (adjusted OR = 1.41; 95% CI: 1.22-1.64; P < 0.001). The same relationship was observed in hormone receptor-positive (HR+) (adjusted ORWC = 1.26; 95% CI: 1.02-1.57; P = 0.035, adjusted ORWHR = 1.41; 95% CI: 1.00-1.98; P = 0.051) and hormone receptor-negative (HR-) (adjusted ORWC = 1.44; 95% CI: 1.13-1.83; P = 0.003, adjusted ORWHR = 1.42; 95% CI: 0.95-2.13; P = 0.087) BCs. Prospective cohort studies indicated that high WC (adjusted RR = 1.12; 95% CI: 1.08-1.16; P < 0.001) and WHR (adjusted RR = 1.05; 95% CI: 1.018-1.09; P = 0.017) may increase BC risk. Subgroup analysis demonstrated a significant correlation during premenopausal (adjusted RR = 1.08; 95% CI: 1.02-1.14; P = 0.007) and postmenopausal (adjusted RR = 1.14; 95% CI: 1.10-1.19; P < 0.001) between BC and central obesity measured by WC, and WHR was significantly positively related to BC both premenopausal (adjusted RRpre = 1.04; 95% CI: 0.98-1.11; P = 0.169) and postmenopausal (adjusted RRpost = 1.04; 95% CI: 1.02-1.07; P = 0.002). Regarding molecular subtype, central obesity was significantly associated with HR+ (adjusted ORWC = 1.13; 95% CI: 1.07-1.19; P < 0.001, adjusted ORWHR = 1.03; 95% CI: 0.98-1.07; P = 0.244) and HR- BCs (adjusted ORWC =1.11; 95% CI: 0.99-1.24; P = 0.086, adjusted ORWHR =1.01; 95% CI: 0.91-1.13; P = 0.808). Our dose-response analysis revealed a J-shaped trend in the relationship between central obesity and BC (measured by WC and WHR) in case-control studies and an inverted J-shaped trend between BMI (during premenopausal) and BC in the prospective cohort. Conclusion Central obesity is a risk factor for premenopausal and postmenopausal BC, and WC and WHR may predict it. Regarding the BC subtype, central obesity is proven to be a risk of ER+ and ER- BCs. The dose-response analysis revealed that when BMI (during premenopausal) exceeded 23.40 kg/m2, the risk of BC began to decrease, and WC higher than 83.80 cm or WHR exceeded 0.78 could efficiently increase the BC risk. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier: CRD42022365788.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyang Chen
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Oncology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mengqi Yuan
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomin Quan
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Oncology, Beijing of Chinese Medicine Second Affiliated Dong Fang Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dongmei Chen
- Department of Oncology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jingshu Yang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Oncology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chenyang Zhang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yunxin Nan
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Luo
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Donggui Wan
- Department of Oncology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guowang Yang
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chao An
- Department of Oncology, Beijing of Chinese Medicine Second Affiliated Dong Fang Hospital, Beijing, China
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Pinto Pereira SM, van Veldhoven K, Li L, Power C. Combined early and adult life risk factor associations for mid-life obesity in a prospective birth cohort: assessing potential public health impact. BMJ Open 2016; 6:e011044. [PMID: 27072572 PMCID: PMC4838732 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The combined effect of life-course influences on obesity development and thus their potential public health impact is unclear. We evaluated combined associations and predicted probabilities for early and adult life risk factors with central and general obesity in mid-adulthood. SETTING 1958 British birth cohort. PARTICIPANTS 4629 males and 4670 females with data on waist circumference. OUTCOME MEASURES 45 year obesity measured via waist circumference, waist-hip ratio (WHR) and BMI. RESULTS At 45 years, approximately a third of the population were centrally obese and a quarter were generally obese. Three factors (parental overweight, maternal smoking during pregnancy and adult inactivity) were consistently associated with central and general obesity. Predicted probabilities for waist obesity increased from those with none to all three risk factors (0.15-0.33 in men; 0.19-0.39 in women (ptrend<0.001)), with a similar trend for general obesity. Additional factors (adult smoking, low fibre and heavy alcohol consumption) were associated with WHR obesity, although varying by gender. Prevalence of risk factors was higher in manual than non-manual groups: for example, in men 38% versus 25%, respectively, had ≥2 risk factors for waist and general obesity. CONCLUSIONS Early-life and adult factors that are amenable to change are highly prevalent and accumulate in association with central and general obesity in mid-adulthood. The increase in probabilities for mid-adult obesity associated with cumulative levels of risk factors suggests the potential for public health impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snehal M Pinto Pereira
- Department of Population, Policy and Practice, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Karin van Veldhoven
- Department of Population, Policy and Practice, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Leah Li
- Department of Population, Policy and Practice, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Chris Power
- Department of Population, Policy and Practice, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
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