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Hamadi N, Al-Salam S, Beegam S, Zaaba NE, Elzaki O, Nemmar A. Impact of prolonged exposure to occasional and regular waterpipe smoke on cardiac injury, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in male mice. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1286366. [PMID: 38370014 PMCID: PMC10869456 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1286366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Regular waterpipe smoking (Reg-WPS) is well recognized for its deleterious effect on the heart. However, there is a paucity of experimental studies on the impact of occasional waterpipe smoking (Occ-WPS), also known as nondaily smoking, versus Reg-WPS on cardiac homeostasis, and the mechanisms underlying these effects. Hence, we aimed, in the present study, to investigate the effect of Occ-WPS (30 min/day, 1 day/week) versus Reg-WPS (30 min/day, 5 days/week) for 6 months on systolic blood pressure (SBP), cardiac injury, oxidative markers, chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, DNA damage and mitochondrial function compared with air (control) exposed mice. Our results show that SBP was increased following exposure to either Occ-WPS or Reg-WPS compared with air-exposed mice. Moreover, we found that only Reg-WPS induced a significant elevation in the levels of troponin I, brain natriuretic peptide, lactate dehydrogenase, and creatine phosphokinase. However, the atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) was significantly increased in both Occ-WPS and Reg-WPS groups. Compared with air-exposed mice, the levels of lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 were only significantly augmented in the Reg-WPS. However, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and CXCL1 were significantly increased in both Occ-WPS and Reg-WPS. The concentrations of the adhesion molecules E-selectin, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 were solely elevated in the heart of mice exposed to Reg-WPS. Similarly, the concentrations of interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor α were only significantly augmented in the Reg-WPS. However, both Occ-WPS and Reg-WPS triggered significant augmentation in the levels of IL17 and DNA damage compared to the control groups. Furthermore, while Occ-WPS induced a slight but statistically insignificant elevation in the concentrations of mammalian targets of rapamycin and nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (Nrf2) expression, Reg-WPS exposure increased their levels substantially, in addition to p53 and mitochondrial complexes II & III, and IV activities compared with air-exposed mice. In conclusion, our findings show that while the long-term Occ-WPS exposure induced an elevation of SBP, ANP, antioxidant enzymes, IL17, CXCL1, and cardiac DNA damage, Reg-WPS exposure was consistently associated with the elevation of SBP and occurrence of cardiac damage, inflammation, oxidative stress, DNA damage and mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naserddine Hamadi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Suhail Al-Salam
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sumaya Beegam
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nur Elena Zaaba
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ozaz Elzaki
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abderrahim Nemmar
- Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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Beegam S, Al-Salam S, Zaaba NE, Elzaki O, Ali BH, Nemmar A. Effects of Waterpipe Smoke Exposure on Experimentally Induced Chronic Kidney Disease in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:585. [PMID: 38203756 PMCID: PMC10778784 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Tobacco smoking is an independent risk factor in the onset of kidney disease. To date, there have been no reports on the influence of waterpipe smoke (WPS) in experimentally induced chronic kidney disease (CKD) models. We studied the effects and mechanisms of actions of WPS on a mouse model of adenine-induced CKD. Mice fed either a normal diet, or an adenine-added diet and were exposed to either air or WPS (30 min/day and 5 days/week) for four consecutive weeks. Plasma creatinine, urea and indoxyl sulfate increased and creatinine clearance decreased in adenine + WPS versus either WPS or adenine + saline groups. The urinary concentrations of kidney injury molecule-1 and adiponectin and the activities of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase were augmented in adenine + WPS compared with either adenine + air or WPS groups. In the kidney tissue, several markers of oxidative stress and inflammation were higher in adenine + WPS than in either adenine + air or WPS groups. Compared with the controls, WPS inhalation in mice with CKD increased DNA damage, and urinary concentration of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine. Furthermore, the expressions of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) (ERK and p38) were elevated in the kidneys of adenine + WPS group, compared with the controls. Likewise, the kidneys of adenine + WPS group revealed more marked histological tubular injury, chronic inflammation and interstitial fibrosis. In conclusion, WPS inhalation aggravates kidney injury, oxidative stress, inflammation, DNA damage and fibrosis in mice with adenine-induced CKD, indicating that WPS exposure intensifies CKD. These effects were associated with a mechanism involving NF-κB, ERK and p38 activations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumaya Beegam
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates; (S.B.); (N.E.Z.); (O.E.)
| | - Suhail Al-Salam
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates;
- Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nur Elena Zaaba
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates; (S.B.); (N.E.Z.); (O.E.)
| | - Ozaz Elzaki
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates; (S.B.); (N.E.Z.); (O.E.)
| | | | - Abderrahim Nemmar
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates; (S.B.); (N.E.Z.); (O.E.)
- Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
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Hassane M, Rahal Z, Karaoghlanian N, Zhang J, Sinjab A, Wong JW, Lu W, Scheet P, Lee JJ, Raso MG, Solis LM, Fujimoto J, Chami H, Shihadeh AL, Kadara H. Chronic Exposure to Waterpipe Smoke Elicits Immunomodulatory and Carcinogenic Effects in the Lung. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2022; 15:423-434. [PMID: 35468191 PMCID: PMC9256796 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-21-0610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Effects of waterpipe smoking on lung pathobiology and carcinogenesis remain sparse despite the worldwide emergence of this tobacco vector. To address this gap, we investigated the effects of chronic waterpipe smoke (WPS) exposure on lung pathobiology, host immunity, and tumorigenesis using an experimental animal model that is prone to tobacco carcinogens and an exploratory observational analysis of human waterpipe smokers and nonsmokers. Mice exhibited elevated incidence of lung tumors following heavy WPS exposure (5 days/week for 20 weeks) compared to littermates with light WPS (once/week for 20 weeks) or control air. Lungs of mice exposed to heavy WPS showed augmented CD8+ and CD4+ T cell counts along with elevated protumor immune phenotypes including increased IL17A in T/B cells, PD-L1 on tumor and immune cells, and the proinflammatory cytokine IL1β in myeloid cells. RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis showed reduced antitumor immune gene signatures in animals exposed to heavy WPS relative to control air. We also performed RNA-seq analysis of airway epithelia from bronchial brushings of cancer-free waterpipe smokers and nonsmokers undergoing diagnostic bronchoscopy. Transcriptomes of normal airway cells in waterpipe smokers, relative to waterpipe nonsmokers, harbored gene programs that were associated with poor clinical outcomes in patients with lung adenocarcinoma, alluding to a WPS-associated molecular injury, like that established in response to cigarette smoking. Our findings support the notion that WPS exhibits carcinogenic effects and constitutes a possible risk factor for lung cancer as well as warrant future studies that can guide evidence-based policies for mitigating waterpipe smoking. PREVENTION RELEVANCE Potential carcinogenic effects of waterpipe smoking are very poorly understood despite its emergence as a socially acceptable form of smoking. Our work highlights carcinogenic effects of waterpipe smoking in the lung and, thus, accentuate the need for inclusion of individuals with exclusive waterpipe smoking in prevention and smoking cessation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Hassane
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Zahraa Rahal
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Jiexin Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ansam Sinjab
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Justin W. Wong
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Paul Scheet
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - J. Jack Lee
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Maria Gabriela Raso
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Luisa M Solis
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Junya Fujimoto
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Hassan Chami
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.,School of Medicine, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Alan L. Shihadeh
- Faculty of Engineering, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Humam Kadara
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Correspondence to Humam Kadara, PhD, Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA, Telephone: 713-745-9396,
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Zaarour RF, Sharda M, Azakir B, Hassan Venkatesh G, Abou Khouzam R, Rifath A, Nizami ZN, Abdullah F, Mohammad F, Karaali H, Nawafleh H, Elsayed Y, Chouaib S. Genomic Analysis of Waterpipe Smoke-Induced Lung Tumor Autophagy and Plasticity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126848. [PMID: 35743294 PMCID: PMC9225041 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of autophagy in lung cancer cells exposed to waterpipe smoke (WPS) is not known. Because of the important role of autophagy in tumor resistance and progression, we investigated its relationship with WP smoking. We first showed that WPS activated autophagy, as reflected by LC3 processing, in lung cancer cell lines. The autophagy response in smokers with lung adenocarcinoma, as compared to non-smokers with lung adenocarcinoma, was investigated further using the TCGA lung adenocarcinoma bulk RNA-seq dataset with the available patient metadata on smoking status. The results, based on a machine learning classification model using Random Forest, indicate that smokers have an increase in autophagy-activating genes. Comparative analysis of lung adenocarcinoma molecular signatures in affected patients with a long-term active exposure to smoke compared to non-smoker patients indicates a higher tumor mutational burden, a higher CD8+ T-cell level and a lower dysfunction level in smokers. While the expression of the checkpoint genes tested-PD-1, PD-L1, PD-L2 and CTLA-4-remains unchanged between smokers and non-smokers, B7-1, B7-2, IDO1 and CD200R1 were found to be higher in non-smokers than smokers. Because multiple factors in the tumor microenvironment dictate the success of immunotherapy, in addition to the expression of immune checkpoint genes, our analysis explains why patients who are smokers with lung adenocarcinoma respond better to immunotherapy, even though there are no relative differences in immune checkpoint genes in the two groups. Therefore, targeting autophagy in lung adenocarcinoma patients, in combination with checkpoint inhibitor-targeted therapies or chemotherapy, should be considered in smoker patients with lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Faouzi Zaarour
- Thumbay Research Institute for Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 4184, United Arab Emirates; (R.F.Z.); (G.H.V.); (R.A.K.); (A.R.); (Z.N.N.); (F.A.); (F.M.); (H.N.)
| | - Mohak Sharda
- National Center for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bangalore 560065, India;
- School of Life Science, The University of Trans-Disciplinary Health Sciences & Technology (TDU), Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Bilal Azakir
- Molecular and Translational Medicine Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Beirut Arab University, Beirut 11072809, Lebanon; (B.A.); (H.K.)
| | - Goutham Hassan Venkatesh
- Thumbay Research Institute for Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 4184, United Arab Emirates; (R.F.Z.); (G.H.V.); (R.A.K.); (A.R.); (Z.N.N.); (F.A.); (F.M.); (H.N.)
| | - Raefa Abou Khouzam
- Thumbay Research Institute for Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 4184, United Arab Emirates; (R.F.Z.); (G.H.V.); (R.A.K.); (A.R.); (Z.N.N.); (F.A.); (F.M.); (H.N.)
| | - Ayesha Rifath
- Thumbay Research Institute for Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 4184, United Arab Emirates; (R.F.Z.); (G.H.V.); (R.A.K.); (A.R.); (Z.N.N.); (F.A.); (F.M.); (H.N.)
| | - Zohra Nausheen Nizami
- Thumbay Research Institute for Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 4184, United Arab Emirates; (R.F.Z.); (G.H.V.); (R.A.K.); (A.R.); (Z.N.N.); (F.A.); (F.M.); (H.N.)
| | - Fatima Abdullah
- Thumbay Research Institute for Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 4184, United Arab Emirates; (R.F.Z.); (G.H.V.); (R.A.K.); (A.R.); (Z.N.N.); (F.A.); (F.M.); (H.N.)
| | - Fatin Mohammad
- Thumbay Research Institute for Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 4184, United Arab Emirates; (R.F.Z.); (G.H.V.); (R.A.K.); (A.R.); (Z.N.N.); (F.A.); (F.M.); (H.N.)
| | - Hajar Karaali
- Molecular and Translational Medicine Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Beirut Arab University, Beirut 11072809, Lebanon; (B.A.); (H.K.)
| | - Husam Nawafleh
- Thumbay Research Institute for Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 4184, United Arab Emirates; (R.F.Z.); (G.H.V.); (R.A.K.); (A.R.); (Z.N.N.); (F.A.); (F.M.); (H.N.)
| | - Yehya Elsayed
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Environmental Sciences (BCE), American University of Sharjah, Sharjah 26666, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Salem Chouaib
- Thumbay Research Institute for Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 4184, United Arab Emirates; (R.F.Z.); (G.H.V.); (R.A.K.); (A.R.); (Z.N.N.); (F.A.); (F.M.); (H.N.)
- Inserm Umr 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Gustave Roussy, Faculty of Medicine, University Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France
- Correspondence:
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Nemmar A, Al-Salam S, Beegam S, Zaaba NE, Ali BH. Effect of smoking cessation on chronic waterpipe smoke inhalation-induced airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2021; 320:L791-L802. [PMID: 33719568 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00420.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Waterpipe smoking (WPS) prevalence is increasing globally. Clinical and laboratory investigations reported that WPS triggers impairment of pulmonary function, inflammation, and oxidative stress. However, little is known if smoking cessation (SC) would reverse the adverse pulmonary effects induced by WPS. Therefore, we evaluated the impact of WPS inhalation for 3 mo followed by 3 mo of SC (air exposure) compared with those exposed for either 3 or 6 mo to WPS or air (control) in C57BL/6 mice. To this end, various physiological, biochemical, and histological endpoints were evaluated in the lung tissue. Exposure to WPS caused focal areas of dilated alveolar spaces and foci of widening of interalveolar spaces with peribronchiolar moderate mixed inflammatory cells consisting of lymphocytes, macrophages, and neutrophil polymorphs. The latter effects were mitigated by SC. Likewise, SC reversed the increase of airway resistance and reduced the increase in the levels of myeloperoxidase, matrix metalloproteinase 9, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β in lung tissue induced by WPS. In addition, SC attenuated the increase of oxidative stress markers including 8-isoprostane, glutathione, and catalase induced by WPS. Similarly, DNA damage, apoptosis, and the expression of NF-κB in the lung induced by WPS inhalation were alleviated by CS. In conclusion, our data demonstrated, for the first time, to our knowledge, that SC-mitigated WPS inhalation induced an increase in airway resistance, inflammation, oxidative stress, DNA injury, and apoptosis, illustrating the benefits of SC on lung physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abderrahim Nemmar
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.,Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Suhail Al-Salam
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sumaya Beegam
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nur E Zaaba
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Badreldin H Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
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Zaarour RF, Prasad P, Venkatesh GH, Khouzam RA, Amirtharaj F, Zeinelabdin N, Rifath A, Terry S, Nawafleh H, El Sayed Y, Chouaib S. Waterpipe smoke condensate influences epithelial to mesenchymal transition and interferes with the cytotoxic immune response in non-small cell lung cancer cell lines. Oncol Rep 2021; 45:879-890. [PMID: 33469682 PMCID: PMC7859923 DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.7938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Waterpipe tobacco smoking (WPS) continues to spread globally and presents serious health hazards. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of treatment with WPS condensate (WPSC) on lung cell proliferation and plasticity as well as tumor cell recognition and killing by natural killer (NK) cells using cytotoxicity assays. The results indicated that exposure of normal and cancer lung cell lines to WPSC resulted in a decrease in their in vitro growth in a dose-dependent manner and it induced tumor senescence. In addition, WPSC selectively caused DNA damage as revealed by an increase in γH2AX and 53BP1 in tumor lung cells. To gain further insight into the molecular mechanisms altered by WPSC, we conducted a global comprehensive transcriptome analysis of WPSC-treated tumor cells. Data analysis identified an expression profile of genes that best distinguished treated and non-treated cells involving several pathways. Of these pathways, we focused on those involved in epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stemness. Results showed that WPSC induced an increase in SNAI2 expression associated with EMT, ACTA2 and SERPINE2 were involved in invasion and CD44 was associated with stemness. Furthermore, WPSC exposure increased the expression of inflammatory response genes including CASP1, IL1B, IL6 and CCL2. While immune synapse formation between NK and WPSC-treated lung cancer target cells was not affected, the capacity of NK cells to kill these target cells was reduced. The data reported in the present study are, to the best of our knowledge, the first in vitro demonstration of WPSC effects on lung cellular parameters providing evidence of its potential involvement in tumor physiology and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Faouzi Zaarour
- Thumbay Research Institute for Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 4184, UAE
| | - Prathibha Prasad
- Thumbay Research Institute for Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 4184, UAE
| | | | - Raefa Abou Khouzam
- Thumbay Research Institute for Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 4184, UAE
| | - Francis Amirtharaj
- Thumbay Research Institute for Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 4184, UAE
| | - Nagwa Zeinelabdin
- Thumbay Research Institute for Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 4184, UAE
| | - Ayesha Rifath
- Thumbay Research Institute for Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 4184, UAE
| | - Stephane Terry
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumour Immunology and Immunotherapy, Gustave Roussy, Faculty of Medicine - University of Paris-Sud, University of Paris-Saclay, F-94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Husam Nawafleh
- Thumbay Research Institute for Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 4184, UAE
| | - Yehya El Sayed
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Environmental Sciences (BCE), American University of Sharjah, Sharjah 26666, UAE
| | - Salem Chouaib
- Thumbay Research Institute for Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 4184, UAE
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumour Immunology and Immunotherapy, Gustave Roussy, Faculty of Medicine - University of Paris-Sud, University of Paris-Saclay, F-94805 Villejuif, France
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Nemmar A, Al-Salam S, Beegam S, Yuvaraju P, Zaaba NE, Yasin J, Ali BH. Waterpipe Tobacco Smoke Inhalation Triggers Thrombogenicity, Cardiac Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Mice: Effects of Flavouring. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1291. [PMID: 32075078 PMCID: PMC7072969 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The consumption of water-pipe smoking (WPS) has been promoted by the use of flavoured tobacco. However, little is known about the impact of flavouring on the cardiovascular toxicity induced by WPS inhalation. Here, we compared the cardiovascular effects and underlying mechanism of actions of plain (P) (unflavoured) versus apple-flavoured (AF) WPS (30 minutes/day, 5 days/week for 1 month) in mice. Control mice were exposed to air. Both P- and AF-WPS inhalation induced an increase in systolic blood pressure, thrombogenicity and plasma concentration of fibrinogen and von Willebrand factor. In heart homogenates, AF-WPS inhalation caused an increase of 8-isoprostane and a decrease in the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Nevertheless, P-WPS decreased only the activity of SOD. The concentrations of tumour necrosis factor α and interleukin 1β were increased only in heart homogenates of mice exposed to AF-WPS. Although both P- and AF-WPS increased the concentration of troponin I in heart homogenates and induced DNA damage, the concentration of cleaved caspase 3 was only increased in mice exposed to AF-WPS. Immunohistochemical analysis of the hearts showed that both P- and AF- WPS inhalation decreased the expression of SOD. Moreover, the expression of nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 at nuclear level in the heart was higher in both AF-WPS and P-WPS compared with control group, and the effect observed in AF-WPS group was more significant than that seen in P-WPS group. Likewise, the concentration of heme oxygenase-1 was significantly increased in both P-WPS and AF-WPS groups compared with control group, and the effect seen in AF-group was higher than that observed in P-WPS group. In conclusion, our findings showed that both P- and AF-WPS induce thrombogenicity and cardiac injury, and that this toxicity is potentiated by the presence of flavouring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abderrahim Nemmar
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 17666 Al Ain, UAE; (S.B.); (P.Y.); (N.E.Z.)
- Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 17666 Al Ain, UAE
| | - Suhail Al-Salam
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 17666 Al Ain, UAE;
| | - Sumaya Beegam
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 17666 Al Ain, UAE; (S.B.); (P.Y.); (N.E.Z.)
| | - Priya Yuvaraju
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 17666 Al Ain, UAE; (S.B.); (P.Y.); (N.E.Z.)
| | - Nur Elena Zaaba
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 17666 Al Ain, UAE; (S.B.); (P.Y.); (N.E.Z.)
| | - Javed Yasin
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 17666 Al Ain, UAE;
| | - Badreldin H. Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 35, Muscat 123, Al-Khod, Oman;
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Alzoubi A, Ghazwi R, Alzoubi K, Alqudah M, Kheirallah K, Khabour O, Allouh M. Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibition enhances chronic obstructive pulmonary disease picture in mice exposed to waterpipe smoke. Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2018; 77:447-455. [PMID: 29297179 DOI: 10.5603/fm.a2017.0120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Revised: 12/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is marked by destruction of alveolar architecture. Preclinical modelling for COPD is challenging. Chronic cigarette smoke exposure, the reference animal model of COPD, is time-inefficient, while exposure to waterpipe smoke (WPS), a surging smoking modality, was not fully tested for its histopathological pulmonary consequences. Since alveolar damage and pulmonary vascular endothelial dysfunction are integral to COPD pathology, lung histopathological effects of WPS were temporally evaluated, alone or in combination with vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) inhibition in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mice were exposed to WPS, 3 hours/day, 5 days/week, for 1, 2, 3, or 4 months. Another group of mice was exposed to WPS for 1 month, while being subjected to injections with the VEGFR blocker Sugen5416 (SU, 20 mg/kg) 3 times weekly. Control mice were exposed to fresh air in a matching inhalation chamber. Histopathological assessment of COPD was performed. Alveolar destructive index (DI) was counted as the percentage of abnormally enlarged alveoli with damaged septa per all alveoli counted. Mean linear intercept (MLI) was calculated as a measure of airspace enlargement. RESULTS Exposure to WPS resulted in significant increases in alveolar DI and MLI only after 4 months. Lung inflammatory score was minimal across all time-points. Importantly, combination of WPS and SU resulted in significantly increased DI, MLI, and inflammatory scores as early as 1 month post exposure. CONCLUSIONS Combined exposure to WPS and SU results in COPD picture, highlighting the role of pulmonary vascular endothelial dysfunction in the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Alzoubi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan, Jordan.
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Waked M, Salameh P. Maternal waterpipe smoke exposure and the risk of asthma and allergic diseases in childhood: A post hoc analysis. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2016; 28:147-56. [PMID: 26159955 DOI: 10.13075/ijomeh.1896.00316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This analysis was conducted with the objective of evaluating association between waterpipe passive smoking exposure and asthma, and allergies among Lebanese children. MATERIAL AND METHODS Data were taken from a crosssectional study on children from public and private schools. A sample of 22 schools participated in the study, where standardized written core questionnaires were distributed. From 5 to 12-year-old students filled in the questionnaires at home, while 13-14-year-old students filled it in in the class. In total, 5522 children were evaluated for the prevalence of asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic eczema, and their associated factors, including waterpipe exposure due to parents' smoking. RESULTS The descriptive results of parental smoking were, as follows: among mothers: 1609 (29%) mothers smoked cigarettes, 385 (7%) smoked waterpipe and 98 (1.8%) smoked both; among fathers: 2449 (44.2%) smoked cigarettes, 573 (10.3%) smoked waterpipe and 197 (3.5%) smoked both. Maternal waterpipe smoking was significantly and moderately associated with allergic diseases (p < 0.001; ORa = 1.71), including probable asthma, rhinitis and dermatitis (p < 0.001 for all). Quite on the opposite, father's waterpipe smoking was not associated with any of the diseases. Parental cigarette smoking demonstrated some positive effects: father's cigarette smoking did not show association with dermatitis or asthma diagnosed by a physician, while mother's cigarette smoking showed a positive association only with probable asthma. Moreover, no interactions between cigarette and waterpipe smoking were observed. CONCLUSIONS Maternal waterpipe smoking should be regarded as a high risk behavior; however, additional studies are necessary to confirm this finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirna Waked
- Balamand University, Beirut, Lebanon (Pulmonology Department)
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Rababa'h AM, Sultan BB, Alzoubi KH, Khabour OF, Ababneh MA. Exposure to waterpipe smoke induces renal functional and oxidative biomarkers variations in mice. Inhal Toxicol 2016; 28:508-13. [PMID: 27477853 DOI: 10.1080/08958378.2016.1210703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Revised: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Waterpipe smoking (WPS) has been known for over 400 years. It has been spread widely especially between youth because of the addition of pleasant flavor and because it was misconsidered to be less harmful than cigarette. OBJECTIVE In this study, we investigated the effect of waterpipe smoking on renal oxidative and functional parameters and compared that at acute and chronic exposure time in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mice were divided into three groups, namely acute, chronic and fresh air control. Acute group was exposed to waterpipe smoke for one hour daily for six days using whole-body exposure system, while chronic group was exposed to waterpipe smoke for one hour daily for 30 days using whole-body exposure system. RESULT Exposure to waterpipe smoke has shown significant changes on the mice kidney functional parameters such as creatinine and blood urea nitrogen. Both exposures (acute and chronic) has shown a significant reduction in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (p < 0.05), whereas the activity of other antioxidant enzymes (catalase and GPx) reduced only with chronic exposure to waterpipe smoke (p < 0.05). Additionally, the level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in mice kidney homogenates has shown a significant elevation following chronic exposure to waterpipe smoke (p < 0.05). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION In conclusion, chronic waterpipe smoke affects the kidney parameter and antioxidant markers, therefore affecting its functionality of detoxifying and removal of poisonous material from the body.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bilal B Sultan
- b Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology , Faculty of Medicine
| | | | - Omar F Khabour
- c Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences , Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology , Irbid , Jordan , and
- d Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences , Taibah University , Medina , Saudi Arabia
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Rababa'h AM, Sultan BB, Alzoubi KH, Khabour OF, Ababneh MA. Exposure to waterpipe smoke induces renal functional and oxidative biomarkers variations in mice. Inhal Toxicol 2016. [PMID: 27477853 DOI: 10.1080/08958378.2016.1210703.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Waterpipe smoking (WPS) has been known for over 400 years. It has been spread widely especially between youth because of the addition of pleasant flavor and because it was misconsidered to be less harmful than cigarette. OBJECTIVE In this study, we investigated the effect of waterpipe smoking on renal oxidative and functional parameters and compared that at acute and chronic exposure time in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mice were divided into three groups, namely acute, chronic and fresh air control. Acute group was exposed to waterpipe smoke for one hour daily for six days using whole-body exposure system, while chronic group was exposed to waterpipe smoke for one hour daily for 30 days using whole-body exposure system. RESULT Exposure to waterpipe smoke has shown significant changes on the mice kidney functional parameters such as creatinine and blood urea nitrogen. Both exposures (acute and chronic) has shown a significant reduction in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (p < 0.05), whereas the activity of other antioxidant enzymes (catalase and GPx) reduced only with chronic exposure to waterpipe smoke (p < 0.05). Additionally, the level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in mice kidney homogenates has shown a significant elevation following chronic exposure to waterpipe smoke (p < 0.05). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION In conclusion, chronic waterpipe smoke affects the kidney parameter and antioxidant markers, therefore affecting its functionality of detoxifying and removal of poisonous material from the body.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bilal B Sultan
- b Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology , Faculty of Medicine
| | | | - Omar F Khabour
- c Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences , Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology , Irbid , Jordan , and.,d Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences , Taibah University , Medina , Saudi Arabia
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Rammah M, Dandachi F, Salman R, Shihadeh A, El-Sabban M. In vitro cytotoxicity and mutagenicity of mainstream waterpipe smoke and its functional consequences on alveolar type II derived cells. Toxicol Lett 2012; 211:220-31. [PMID: 22516759 PMCID: PMC3407546 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2012] [Revised: 03/31/2012] [Accepted: 04/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION While waterpipe tobacco smoking has become a global phenomenon, its potential health consequences are poorly understood. In this manuscript, we report the in vitro mutagenicity of waterpipe smoke condensate (WSC), the alteration in cellular parameters of lung alveolar cells in response to WSC exposure and discuss the implication of cellular responses in the pathophysiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). METHODS The mainstream WSC was generated using a standard laboratory machine protocol. We assessed its mutagenicity using Ames test. In addition, we studied the effect of WSC on the proliferation and cell cycle of alveolar type II cells and vascular endothelial cells. We also assessed the effect of WSC on the expression of genes involved in cell cycle arrest and inflammation. RESULTS Within the range of tested doses, WSC did not elicit sufficient response to be considered mutagenic in any of the strains tested (TA98, TA100, TA102, and TA97a) but were found to be toxic for strains TA97a and TA102 at the highest tested doses. However, WSC induced cell cycle arrest and cellular senescence mediated by the p53-p21 pathway. Also our study indicated that WSC induced an increase in the transcriptional expression of matrix metalloproteinases, MMP-2 and MMP-9 and an immune response regulator, Toll Like Receptor-4. CONCLUSION The data reported here represent the first in vitro demonstration of the effect of waterpipe smoke on cellular parameters providing evidence of the potential involvement of WPS in the pathogenesis of COPD through impairing cellular growth and inducing inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayyasa Rammah
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020.
| | - Farah Dandachi
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020.
| | - Rola Salman
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020.
| | - Alan Shihadeh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020.
| | - Marwan El-Sabban
- corresponding author: Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Bliss Street, P.O.Box: 11-0236, Riad El-Solh 1107 2020, Beirut-Lebanon, , Tel: +961-1-350000, FAX: +961-1-3500004913
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