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Qian C, Villafañe V, Schalk M, Astakhov GV, Kentsch U, Helm M, Soubelet P, Wilson NP, Rizzato R, Mohr S, Holleitner AW, Bucher DB, Stier AV, Finley JJ. Unveiling the Zero-Phonon Line of the Boron Vacancy Center by Cavity-Enhanced Emission. Nano Lett 2022; 22:5137-5142. [PMID: 35758596 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c00739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Negatively charged boron vacancies (VB-) in hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) exhibit a broad emission spectrum due to strong electron-phonon coupling and Jahn-Teller mixing of electronic states. As such, the direct measurement of the zero-phonon line (ZPL) of VB- has remained elusive. Here, we measure the room-temperature ZPL wavelength to be 773 ± 2 nm by coupling the hBN layer to the high-Q nanobeam cavity. As the wavelength of cavity mode is tuned, we observe a pronounced intensity resonance, indicating the coupling to VB-. Our observations are consistent with the spatial redistribution of VB- emission. Spatially resolved measurements show a clear Purcell effect maximum at the midpoint of the nanobeam, in accord with the optical field distribution of the cavity mode. Our results are in good agreement with theoretical calculations, opening the way to using VB- as cavity spin-photon interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenjiang Qian
- Walter Schottky Institut and Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Viviana Villafañe
- Walter Schottky Institut and Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Martin Schalk
- Walter Schottky Institut and Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - G V Astakhov
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Ulrich Kentsch
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Manfred Helm
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Pedro Soubelet
- Walter Schottky Institut and Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Nathan P Wilson
- Walter Schottky Institut and Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Roberto Rizzato
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Stephan Mohr
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Alexander W Holleitner
- Walter Schottky Institut and Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Dominik B Bucher
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Andreas V Stier
- Walter Schottky Institut and Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Jonathan J Finley
- Walter Schottky Institut and Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
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Naumov AV, Gorshelev AA, Gladush MG, Anikushina TA, Golovanova AV, Köhler J, Kador L. Micro-Refractometry and Local-Field Mapping with Single Molecules. Nano Lett 2018; 18:6129-6134. [PMID: 30188725 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b01753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The refractive index n is one of the most important materials parameters of solids and, in recent years, has become the subject of significant interdisciplinary interest, especially in nanostructures and meta-materials. It is, in principle, a macroscopic quantity, so its meaning on a length scale of a few nanometers, i.e., well below the wavelength of light, is not clear a priori and is related to methods of its measurement on this length scale. Here we introduce a novel experimental approach for mapping the effective local value [Formula: see text] of the refractive index in solid films and the analysis of related local-field enhancement effects. The approach is based on the imaging and spectroscopy of single chromophore molecules at cryogenic temperatures. Since the fluorescence lifetime T1 of dye molecules in a transparent matrix depends on the refractive index due to the local density of the electromagnetic field (i.e., of the photon states), one can obtain the local [Formula: see text] values in the surroundings of individual chromophores simply by measuring their T1 times. Spatial mapping of the local [Formula: see text] values is accomplished by localizing the corresponding chromophores with nanometer accuracy. We demonstrate this approach for a polycrystalline n-hexadecane film doped with terrylene. Unexpectedly large fluctuations of local-field effects and effective [Formula: see text] values (the latter between 1.1 and 1.9) were found.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Naumov
- Institute for Spectroscopy, Russian Academy of Sciences , Moscow 108840 , Russia
- Moscow State Pedagogical University , Moscow , 119435 , Russia
| | - A A Gorshelev
- Institute for Spectroscopy, Russian Academy of Sciences , Moscow 108840 , Russia
| | - M G Gladush
- Institute for Spectroscopy, Russian Academy of Sciences , Moscow 108840 , Russia
- Moscow State Pedagogical University , Moscow , 119435 , Russia
| | - T A Anikushina
- Institute for Spectroscopy, Russian Academy of Sciences , Moscow 108840 , Russia
- Moscow State Pedagogical University , Moscow , 119435 , Russia
| | - A V Golovanova
- Institute for Spectroscopy, Russian Academy of Sciences , Moscow 108840 , Russia
- Moscow State Pedagogical University , Moscow , 119435 , Russia
| | - J Köhler
- University of Bayreuth, Institute of Physics , D-95440 Bayreuth , Germany
- University of Bayreuth, Spectroscopy of Soft Matter , D-95440 Bayreuth , Germany
- Bavarian Polymer Institute , D-95440 Bayreuth , Germany
| | - L Kador
- University of Bayreuth, Institute of Physics , D-95440 Bayreuth , Germany
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Fang MH, Wu WL, Jin Y, Lesniewski T, Mahlik S, Grinberg M, Brik MG, Srivastava AM, Chiang CY, Zhou W, Jeong D, Kim SH, Leniec G, Kaczmarek SM, Sheu HS, Liu RS. Control of Luminescence by Tuning of Crystal Symmetry and Local Structure in Mn 4+ -Activated Narrow Band Fluoride Phosphors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:1797-1801. [PMID: 29266619 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201708814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Mn4+ -doped fluoride phosphors have been widely used in wide-gamut backlighting devices because of their extremely narrow emission band. Solid solutions of Na2 (Six Ge1-x )F6 :Mn4+ and Na2 (Gey Ti1-y )F6 :Mn4+ were successfully synthesized to elucidate the behavior of the zero-phonon line (ZPL) in different structures. The ratio between ZPL and the highest emission intensity υ6 phonon sideband exhibits a strong relationship with luminescent decay rate. First-principles calculations are conducted to model the variation in the structural and electronic properties of the prepared solid solutions as a function of the composition. To compensate for the limitations of the Rietveld refinement, electron paramagnetic resonance and high-resolution steady-state emission spectra are used to confirm the diverse local environment for Mn4+ in the structure. Finally, the spectral luminous efficacy of radiation (LER) is used to reveal the important role of ZPL in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu-Huai Fang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Lun Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Ye Jin
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan.,School of Science, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Tadeusz Lesniewski
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, University of Gdańsk, Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 57, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Sebastian Mahlik
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, University of Gdańsk, Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 57, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Marek Grinberg
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, University of Gdańsk, Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 57, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Mikhail G Brik
- College of Sciences, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, 400065, China.,Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, Tartu, 50411, Estonia.,Institute of Physics, Jan Dlugosz University, Czestochowa, 42200, Poland
| | | | - Chang-Yang Chiang
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Wuzong Zhou
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Donghyuk Jeong
- Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, University-Industry Cooperation Building, Seoul, 120-140, Korea
| | - Sun Hee Kim
- Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, University-Industry Cooperation Building, Seoul, 120-140, Korea
| | - Grzegorz Leniec
- Institute of Physics, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, West Pomeranian University of Technology Szczecin, al. Piastow 48, 70-311, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Slawomir M Kaczmarek
- Institute of Physics, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, West Pomeranian University of Technology Szczecin, al. Piastow 48, 70-311, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Hwo-Shuenn Sheu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Ru-Shi Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan.,Department of Mechanical Engineering and Graduate Institute of Manufacturing Technology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
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Jungwirth NR, Calderon B, Ji Y, Spencer MG, Flatté ME, Fuchs GD. Temperature Dependence of Wavelength Selectable Zero-Phonon Emission from Single Defects in Hexagonal Boron Nitride. Nano Lett 2016; 16:6052-6057. [PMID: 27580074 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b01987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the distribution and temperature-dependent optical properties of sharp, zero-phonon emission from defect-based single photon sources in multilayer hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) flakes. We observe sharp emission lines from optically active defects distributed across an energy range that exceeds 500 meV. Spectrally resolved photon-correlation measurements verify single photon emission, even when multiple emission lines are simultaneously excited within the same h-BN flake. We also present a detailed study of the temperature-dependent line width, spectral energy shift, and intensity for two different zero-phonon lines centered at 575 and 682 nm, which reveals a nearly identical temperature dependence despite a large difference in transition energy. Our temperature-dependent results are well described by a lattice vibration model that considers piezoelectric coupling to in-plane phonons. Finally, polarization spectroscopy measurements suggest that whereas the 575 nm emission line is directly excited by 532 nm excitation, the 682 nm line is excited indirectly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brian Calderon
- Cornell University , Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Yanxin Ji
- Cornell University , Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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Abstract
Electronic spectra of molecules in helium droplets reveal spectral features that are related to the elementary excitations of the superfluid helium environment. In order to determine to what extent the interaction strength of the molecule with the helium affects these excitations, the spectrum corresponding to the B̃(2)A″ ← X̃ (2)A″ transition of 2,5-difluorophenol cations in helium droplets has been recorded. The vibronic resonances reveal a sharp zero-phonon line whose width is largely determined by the rotational band contour, followed by a broad structureless phonon wing at higher frequencies. The splitting between the zero-phonon line and phonon wing is approximately half of that found for neutral 2,5-difluorophenol. This difference is attributed to the increased helium density around the ion due to its strong interaction with the helium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohang Zhang
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Moléculaire, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marcel Drabbels
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Moléculaire, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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