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Coppi E, Cherchi F, Venturini M, Lucarini E, Corradetti R, Di Cesare Mannelli L, Ghelardini C, Pedata F, Pugliese AM. Therapeutic Potential of Highly Selective A 3 Adenosine Receptor Ligands in the Central and Peripheral Nervous System. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27061890. [PMID: 35335254 PMCID: PMC8952202 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27061890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Ligands of the Gi protein-coupled adenosine A3 receptor (A3R) are receiving increasing interest as attractive therapeutic tools for the treatment of a number of pathological conditions of the central and peripheral nervous systems (CNS and PNS, respectively). Their safe pharmacological profiles emerging from clinical trials on different pathologies (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis and fatty liver diseases) confer a realistic translational potential to these compounds, thus encouraging the investigation of highly selective agonists and antagonists of A3R. The present review summarizes information on the effect of latest-generation A3R ligands, not yet available in commerce, obtained by using different in vitro and in vivo models of various PNS- or CNS-related disorders. This review places particular focus on brain ischemia insults and colitis, where the prototypical A3R agonist, Cl-IB-MECA, and antagonist, MRS1523, have been used in research studies as reference compounds to explore the effects of latest-generation ligands on this receptor. The advantages and weaknesses of these compounds in terms of therapeutic potential are discussed.
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Suresh RR, Jain S, Chen Z, Tosh DK, Ma Y, Podszun MC, Rotman Y, Salvemini D, Jacobson KA. Design and in vivo activity of A 3 adenosine receptor agonist prodrugs. Purinergic Signal 2020; 16:367-377. [PMID: 32720036 PMCID: PMC7524976 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-020-09715-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Prodrugs (MRS7422, MRS7476) of highly selective A3 adenosine receptor (AR) agonists Cl-IB-MECA and MRS5698, respectively, were synthesized by succinylation of the 2' and 3' hydroxyl groups, and the parent, active drug was shown to be readily liberated upon incubation with liver esterases. The prodrug MRS7476 had greatly increased aqueous solubility compared with parent MRS5698 and was fully efficacious and with a longer duration than MRS7422 in reversing mouse neuropathic pain (chronic constriction injury model, 3 μmol/kg, p.o.), a known A3AR effect. MRS7476 (5 mg/kg, p.o., twice daily) was found to protect against non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in the STAM mouse model, indicated by the NAFLD activity score. Hepatocyte ballooning, IL-10 production, and liver histology were significantly normalized in the MRS7476-treated mice, but not liver fibrosis (no change in ACTA2 levels) or inflammation. Hepatic expression of ADORA3 in human NAFLD patients was 1.9-fold lower compared to normal controls. Adora3 expression determined by qPCR in primary mouse liver was associated with the stellate cells, and its mouse full body A3AR knockout worsened liver markers of inflammation and steatosis. Thus, we have introduced a reversible prodrug strategy that enables water solubility and in vivo activity of masked A3AR agonists in models of two disease conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Rama Suresh
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 8A, Rm. B1A-19, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892-0810 USA
| | - Shanu Jain
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 8A, Rm. B1A-19, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892-0810 USA
| | - Zhoumou Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO USA
- Henry and Amelia Nasrallah Center for Neuroscience, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO USA
| | - Dilip K. Tosh
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 8A, Rm. B1A-19, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892-0810 USA
| | - Yanling Ma
- Liver Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Maren C. Podszun
- Liver Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Yaron Rotman
- Liver Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Daniela Salvemini
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO USA
- Henry and Amelia Nasrallah Center for Neuroscience, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO USA
| | - Kenneth A. Jacobson
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 8A, Rm. B1A-19, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892-0810 USA
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Ford A, Castonguay A, Cottet M, Little JW, Chen Z, Symons-Liguori AM, Doyle T, Egan TM, Vanderah TW, De Koninck Y, Tosh DK, Jacobson KA, Salvemini D. Engagement of the GABA to KCC2 signaling pathway contributes to the analgesic effects of A3AR agonists in neuropathic pain. J Neurosci 2015; 35:6057-67. [PMID: 25878279 PMCID: PMC4397603 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.4495-14.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Revised: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
More than 1.5 billion people worldwide suffer from chronic pain, yet current treatment strategies often lack efficacy or have deleterious side effects in patients. Adenosine is an inhibitory neuromodulator that was previously thought to mediate antinociception through the A1 and A2A receptor subtypes. We have since demonstrated that A3AR agonists have potent analgesic actions in preclinical rodent models of neuropathic pain and that A3AR analgesia is independent of adenosine A1 or A2A unwanted effects. Herein, we explored the contribution of the GABA inhibitory system to A3AR-mediated analgesia using well-characterized mouse and rat models of chronic constriction injury (CCI)-induced neuropathic pain. The deregulation of GABA signaling in pathophysiological pain states is well established: GABA signaling can be hampered by a reduction in extracellular GABA synthesis by GAD65 and enhanced extracellular GABA reuptake via the GABA transporter, GAT-1. In neuropathic pain, GABAAR-mediated signaling can be further disrupted by the loss of the KCC2 chloride anion gradient. Here, we demonstrate that A3AR agonists (IB-MECA and MRS5698) reverse neuropathic pain via a spinal mechanism of action that modulates GABA activity. Spinal administration of the GABAA antagonist, bicuculline, disrupted A3AR-mediated analgesia. Furthermore, A3AR-mediated analgesia was associated with reductions in CCI-related GAD65 and GAT-1 serine dephosphorylation as well as an enhancement of KCC2 serine phosphorylation and activity. Our results suggest that A3AR-mediated reversal of neuropathic pain increases modulation of GABA inhibitory neurotransmission both directly and indirectly through protection of KCC2 function, underscoring the unique utility of A3AR agonists in chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Ford
- Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, St. Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63104
| | - Annie Castonguay
- Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Québec, Québec City, Quebec G1J 2G3, Canada, Department of Psychiatry & Neuroscience, Université Laval, Québec City, Quebec G1K 7P4, Canada
| | - Martin Cottet
- Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Québec, Québec City, Quebec G1J 2G3, Canada, Department of Psychiatry & Neuroscience, Université Laval, Québec City, Quebec G1K 7P4, Canada
| | - Joshua W Little
- Department of Surgery, Center for Anatomical Science and Education, St. Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63104
| | - Zhoumou Chen
- Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, St. Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63104
| | - Ashley M Symons-Liguori
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85724-5050, and
| | - Timothy Doyle
- Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, St. Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63104
| | - Terrance M Egan
- Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, St. Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63104
| | - Todd W Vanderah
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85724-5050, and
| | - Yves De Koninck
- Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Québec, Québec City, Quebec G1J 2G3, Canada, Department of Psychiatry & Neuroscience, Université Laval, Québec City, Quebec G1K 7P4, Canada
| | - Dilip K Tosh
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-0810
| | - Kenneth A Jacobson
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-0810
| | - Daniela Salvemini
- Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, St. Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63104,
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Prozorow-Krol B, Korolczuk A, Czechowska G, Slomka M, Madro A, Celinski K. The effects of the adenosine A3 receptor agonist IB-MECA on sodium taurocholate-induced experimental acute pancreatitis. Arch Pharm Res 2013; 36:1126-32. [PMID: 23625750 PMCID: PMC3766514 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-013-0126-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The role of adenosine A3 receptors and their distribution in the gastrointestinal tract have been widely investigated. Most of the reports discuss their role in intestinal inflammations. However, the role of adenosine A3 receptor agonist in pancreatitis has not been well established. The aim of this study is [corrected] to evaluate the effects of the adenosine A3 receptor agonist on the course of sodium taurocholate-induced experimental acute pancreatitis (EAP). The experiments were performed on 80 male Wistar rats, 58 of which survived, subdivided into 3 groups: C--control rats, I--EAP group, and II--EAP group treated with the adenosine A3 receptor agonist IB-MECA (1-deoxy-1-6[[(3-iodophenyl) methyl]amino]-9H-purin-9-yl)-N-methyl-B-D-ribofuronamide at a dose of 0.75 mg/kg b.w. i.p. at 48, 24, 12 and 1 h before and 1 h after the injection of 5% sodium taurocholate solution into the biliary-pancreatic duct. Serum for α-amylase and lipase determinations and tissue samples for morphological examinations were collected at 2, 6, and 24 h of the experiment. In the IB-MECA group, α-amylase activity was decreased with statistically high significance compared to group I. The activity of lipase was not significantly different among the experimental groups but higher than in the control group. The administration of IB-MECA attenuated the histological parameters of inflammation as compared to untreated animals. The use of A3 receptor agonist IB-MECA attenuates EAP. Our findings suggest that stimulation of adenosine A3 receptors plays a positive role in the sodium taurocholate-induced EAP in rats.
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MESH Headings
- Adenosine/administration & dosage
- Adenosine/analogs & derivatives
- Adenosine/therapeutic use
- Adenosine A3 Receptor Agonists/administration & dosage
- Adenosine A3 Receptor Agonists/therapeutic use
- Animals
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/administration & dosage
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/therapeutic use
- Disease Models, Animal
- Edema/etiology
- Edema/prevention & control
- Injections, Intraperitoneal
- Lipase/metabolism
- Male
- Necrosis
- Pancreas/drug effects
- Pancreas/immunology
- Pancreas/metabolism
- Pancreas/pathology
- Pancreatic alpha-Amylases/blood
- Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing/immunology
- Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing/metabolism
- Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing/pathology
- Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing/prevention & control
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Receptor, Adenosine A3/chemistry
- Receptor, Adenosine A3/metabolism
- Taurocholic Acid
- Time Factors
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Prozorow-Krol
- Department of Gastroenterology with Endoscopic Unit, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewski Street 8, 20-954 Lublin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Korolczuk
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Grazyna Czechowska
- Department of Gastroenterology with Endoscopic Unit, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewski Street 8, 20-954 Lublin, Poland
| | - Maria Slomka
- Department of Gastroenterology with Endoscopic Unit, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewski Street 8, 20-954 Lublin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Madro
- Department of Gastroenterology with Endoscopic Unit, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewski Street 8, 20-954 Lublin, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Celinski
- Department of Gastroenterology with Endoscopic Unit, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewski Street 8, 20-954 Lublin, Poland
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Chen Z, Janes K, Chen C, Doyle T, Bryant L, Tosh DK, Jacobson KA, Salvemini D. Controlling murine and rat chronic pain through A3 adenosine receptor activation. FASEB J 2012; 26:1855-65. [PMID: 22345405 PMCID: PMC3336784 DOI: 10.1096/fj.11-201541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2011] [Accepted: 01/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Clinical management of chronic neuropathic pain is limited by marginal effectiveness and unacceptable side effects of current drugs. We demonstrate A(3) adenosine receptor (A(3)AR) agonism as a new target-based therapeutic strategy. The development of mechanoallodynia in a well-characterized mouse model of neuropathic pain following chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve was rapidly and dose-dependently reversed by the A(3)AR agonists: IB-MECA, its 2-chlorinated analog (Cl-IB-MECA), and the structurally distinct MRS1898. These effects were naloxone insensitive and thus are not opioid receptor mediated. IB-MECA was ≥1.6-fold more efficacious than morphine and >5-fold more potent. In addition, IB-MECA was equally efficacious as gabapentin (Neurontin) or amitriptyline, but respectively >350- and >75-fold more potent. Besides its potent standalone ability to reverse established mechanoallodynia, IB-MECA significantly increased the antiallodynic effects of all 3 analgesics. Moreover, neuropathic pain development in rats caused by widely used chemotherapeutics in the taxane (paclitaxel), platinum-complex (oxaliplatin), and proteasome-inhibitor (bortezomib) classes was blocked by IB-MECA without antagonizing their antitumor effect. A(3)AR agonist effects were blocked with A(3)AR antagonist MRS1523, but not with A(1)AR (DPCPX) or A(2A)AR (SCH-442416) antagonists. Our findings provide the scientific rationale and pharmacological basis for therapeutic development of A(3)AR agonists for chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhoumou Chen
- Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, St. Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA; and
| | - Kali Janes
- Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, St. Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA; and
| | - Collin Chen
- Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, St. Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA; and
| | - Tim Doyle
- Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, St. Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA; and
| | - Leesa Bryant
- Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, St. Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA; and
| | - Dilip K. Tosh
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Kenneth A. Jacobson
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Daniela Salvemini
- Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, St. Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA; and
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Chanyshev B, Shainberg A, Isak A, Litinsky A, Chepurko Y, Tosh DK, Phan K, Gao ZG, Hochhauser E, Jacobson KA. Anti-ischemic effects of multivalent dendrimeric A₃ adenosine receptor agonists in cultured cardiomyocytes and in the isolated rat heart. Pharmacol Res 2011; 65:338-46. [PMID: 22154845 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2011.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2011] [Revised: 11/21/2011] [Accepted: 11/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine released during myocardial ischemia mediates cardioprotective preconditioning. Multivalent drugs covalently bound to nanocarriers may differ greatly in chemical and biological properties from the corresponding monomeric agents. Here, we conjugated chemically functionalized nucleosides to poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimeric polymers and investigated their effects in rat primary cardiac cell cultures and in the isolated heart. Three conjugates of A₃ adenosine receptor (AR) agonists, chain-functionalized at the C2 or N⁶ position, were cardioprotective, with greater potency than monomeric agonist Cl-IB-MECA. Multivalent amide-linked MRS5216 was selective for A₁ and A₃ARs, and triazole-linked MRS5246 and MRS5539 (optionally containing fluorescent label) were A₃AR-selective. The conjugates protected ischemic rat cardiomyocytes, an effect blocked by an A₃AR antagonist MRS1523, and isolated hearts with significantly improved infarct size, rate of pressure product, and rate of contraction and relaxation. Thus, strategically derivatized nucleosides tethered to biocompatible polymeric carriers display enhanced cardioprotective potency via activation of A₃AR on the cardiomyocyte surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bella Chanyshev
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
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