1
|
Jones C, Webster G, Mullins AJ, Jenner M, Bull MJ, Dashti Y, Spilker T, Parkhill J, Connor TR, LiPuma JJ, Challis GL, Mahenthiralingam E. Kill and cure: genomic phylogeny and bioactivity of Burkholderia gladioli bacteria capable of pathogenic and beneficial lifestyles. Microb Genom 2021; 7:mgen000515. [PMID: 33459584 PMCID: PMC8115902 DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.000515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Burkholderia gladioli is a bacterium with a broad ecology spanning disease in humans, animals and plants, but also encompassing multiple beneficial interactions. It is a plant pathogen, a toxin-producing food-poisoning agent, and causes lung infections in people with cystic fibrosis (CF). Contrasting beneficial traits include antifungal production exploited by insects to protect their eggs, plant protective abilities and antibiotic biosynthesis. We explored the genomic diversity and specialized metabolic potential of 206 B. gladioli strains, phylogenomically defining 5 clades. Historical disease pathovars (pv.) B. gladioli pv. allicola and B. gladioli pv. cocovenenans were distinct, while B. gladioli pv. gladioli and B. gladioli pv. agaricicola were indistinguishable; soft-rot disease and CF infection were conserved across all pathovars. Biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) for toxoflavin, caryoynencin and enacyloxin were dispersed across B. gladioli, but bongkrekic acid and gladiolin production were clade-specific. Strikingly, 13 % of CF infection strains characterized were bongkrekic acid-positive, uniquely linking this food-poisoning toxin to this aspect of B. gladioli disease. Mapping the population biology and metabolite production of B. gladioli has shed light on its diverse ecology, and by demonstrating that the antibiotic trimethoprim suppresses bongkrekic acid production, a potential therapeutic strategy to minimize poisoning risk in CF has been identified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cerith Jones
- Microbiomes, Microbes and Informatics Group, Organisms and Environment Division, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, UK
- Present address: School of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Computing, Engineering and Science, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, CF37 4BD, UK
| | - Gordon Webster
- Microbiomes, Microbes and Informatics Group, Organisms and Environment Division, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, UK
| | - Alex J. Mullins
- Microbiomes, Microbes and Informatics Group, Organisms and Environment Division, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, UK
| | - Matthew Jenner
- Department of Chemistry and Warwick Integrative Synthetic Biology Centre, University of Warwick, CV4 7AL, UK
- Warwick Integrative Synthetic Biology Centre, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Matthew J. Bull
- Microbiomes, Microbes and Informatics Group, Organisms and Environment Division, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, UK
- Present address: Pathogen Genomics Unit, Public Health Wales Microbiology Cardiff, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, CF14 4XW, UK
| | - Yousef Dashti
- Department of Chemistry and Warwick Integrative Synthetic Biology Centre, University of Warwick, CV4 7AL, UK
- Present address: The Centre for Bacterial Cell Biology, Biosciences Institute, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4AX, UK
| | - Theodore Spilker
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Julian Parkhill
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
- Present address: Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK
| | - Thomas R. Connor
- Microbiomes, Microbes and Informatics Group, Organisms and Environment Division, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, UK
| | - John J. LiPuma
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Gregory L. Challis
- Department of Chemistry and Warwick Integrative Synthetic Biology Centre, University of Warwick, CV4 7AL, UK
- Warwick Integrative Synthetic Biology Centre, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Eshwar Mahenthiralingam
- Microbiomes, Microbes and Informatics Group, Organisms and Environment Division, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wong KSK, Dhaliwal S, Bilawka J, Srigley JA, Champagne S, Romney MG, Tilley P, Sadarangani M, Zlosnik JEA, Chilvers MA. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight MS for the accurate identification of Burkholderia cepacia complex and Burkholderia gladioli in the clinical microbiology laboratory. J Med Microbiol 2020; 69:1105-1113. [PMID: 32597748 PMCID: PMC7642978 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) bacteria, currently consisting of 23 closely related species, and Burkholderia gladioli, can cause serious and difficult-to-treat infections in people with cystic fibrosis. Identifying Burkholderia bacteria to the species level is considered important for understanding epidemiology and infection control, and predicting clinical outcomes. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight MS (MALDI-TOF) is a rapid method recently introduced in clinical laboratories for bacterial species-level identification. However, reports on the ability of MALDI-TOF to accurately identify Bcc to the species level are mixed.Aim. The aim of this project was to evaluate the accuracy of MALDI-TOF using the Biotyper and VITEK MS systems in identifying isolates from 22 different Bcc species and B. gladioli compared to recA gene sequencing, which is considered the current gold standard for Bcc.Methodology. To capture maximum intra-species variation, phylogenetic trees were constructed from concatenated multi-locus sequence typing alleles and clustered with a novel k-medoids approach. One hundred isolates representing 22 Bcc species, plus B. gladioli, were assessed for bacterial identifications using the two MALDI-TOF systems.Results. At the genus level, 100 and 97.0 % of isolates were confidently identified as Burkholderia by the Biotyper and VITEK MS systems, respectively; moreover, 26.0 and 67.0 % of the isolates were correctly identified to the species level, respectively. In many, but not all, cases of species misidentification or failed identification, a representative library for that species was lacking.Conclusion. Currently available MALDI-TOF systems frequently do not accurately identify Bcc bacteria to the species level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kendrew S. K. Wong
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Suk Dhaliwal
- Microbiology, BC Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jennifer Bilawka
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Providence Health Care, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jocelyn A. Srigley
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sylvie Champagne
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Providence Health Care, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Marc G. Romney
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Providence Health Care, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Peter Tilley
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Manish Sadarangani
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Vaccine Evaluation Centre, BC Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - James E. A. Zlosnik
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Mark A. Chilvers
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jiao Z, Kawamura Y, Mishima N, Yang R, Li N, Liu X, Ezaki T. Need to differentiate lethal toxin-producing strains of Burkholderia gladioli, which cause severe food poisoning: description of B. gladioli pathovar cocovenenans and an emended description of B. gladioli. Microbiol Immunol 2004; 47:915-25. [PMID: 14695441 DOI: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.2003.tb03465.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Burkholderia cocovenenans produces a lethal toxin (Bongkrekic acid) that leads to high fatality in food poisoning cases. However, B. cocovenenans was combined in Burkholderia gladioli in 1999. B. gladioli was originally described as a phytopathogenic bacteria that sometimes causes pneumonia in humans and that acts as an opportunistic pathogen. We thought that it was clinically dangerous to describe these two species without considering their pathogenicities. From our data of 16S rRNA sequence analysis, DNA-DNA hybridization, and fatty acid analysis, we could confirm that B. cocovenenans and B. gladioli should be categorized as a single species. However the species really weaved lethal toxin-producing strains with non-lethal strains. To emphasize that B. gladioli contains two different pathogens, we describe a new pathovar, B. gladioli pathovar cocovenenans, for the lethal toxin-producing strains. We provide characteristics that differentiate this lethal toxin-producing pathovar from other phytopathogenic pathovars within B. gladioli, together with an emended description of B. gladioli.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenquan Jiao
- Microbial-Bioinformatics, Regeneration and Advanced Medical Science, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsukasamachi, Gifu, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|