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Deng TH, Zhang Y, Zhang WW, Su Y, Gao JW, Ying JJ, Xu L, Xia XM, Sun C. Marinobacter albus sp. nov., Isolated from Sand Sediment in a Coastal Intertidal Zone. Curr Microbiol 2024; 81:138. [PMID: 38609554 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-024-03676-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
A Gram-stain-negative bacterium with a rod-to-ovoid shape, named strain M216T, was isolated from sand sediment from the coastal intertidal zone of Huludao, Liaoning Province, China. Growth was observed at 8-40 °C (optimal, 30 °C), pH 5.5-9.5 (optimal, pH 6.5) and 0.5-14.0% (w/v) NaCl (optimal, 6%). Strain M216T possessed ubiquinone-9 as its sole respiratory quinone and phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, one unidentified aminophosphoglycolipid, one unidentified aminophospholipid, two unidentified phosphoglycolipids, three unidentified phospholipids and three unidentified glycolipids as the main polar lipids. C12:0, C16:0, C12:0 3-OH, C16:1 ω9c, C18:1 ω9c and summed features 3 (C16:1 ω7c and/or C16:1 ω6c) were the major fatty acids (> 5%). The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain M216T exhibited high similarity to those of 'Marinobacter arenosus' CAU 1620T and Marinobacter adhaerens HP15T (99.3% and 98.5%, respectively) and less than 98.5% similarity to those of the other type strains. The ANI and dDDH values between the strain M216T and 'Marinobacter arenosus' CAU 1620T were 87.4% and 33.3%, respectively; these values were the highest among the other type strains but lower than the species threshold. The G+C content of strain M216T was 58.3%. Genomic analysis revealed that strain M216T harbors the major CAZymes of GH13, GH23, GH73, and PL5, which are responsible for polysaccharide degradation and the potential ability to reduce nitrate to ammonia. Through phenotypic, genotypic, and chemotaxonomic analyses, we proposed the name Marinobacter albus sp. nov., a novel species in the genus Marinobacter, with its type strain M216T (= MCCC 1K08600T = KCTC 82894T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai-Hang Deng
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Shaoxing Academy of Biomedicine Co., Ltd., Shaoxing, 312369, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Shaoxing Academy of Biomedicine Co., Ltd., Shaoxing, 312369, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Wu Zhang
- Trend Biotech Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, 311121, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Su
- Trend Biotech Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, 311121, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Wei Gao
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Shaoxing Academy of Biomedicine Co., Ltd., Shaoxing, 312369, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Jie Ying
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Shaoxing Academy of Biomedicine Co., Ltd., Shaoxing, 312369, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Xu
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Shaoxing Academy of Biomedicine Co., Ltd., Shaoxing, 312369, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ming Xia
- Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, 310012, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Sun
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, People's Republic of China.
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Shaoxing Academy of Biomedicine Co., Ltd., Shaoxing, 312369, People's Republic of China.
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Sánchez-Porro C, Aghdam EM, Montazersaheb S, Tarhriz V, Kazemi E, Amoozegar MA, Ventosa A, Hejazi MS. Marinobacter azerbaijanicus sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium from Urmia Lake, Iran. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2024; 74. [PMID: 38568082 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.006308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
A novel moderately halophilic, Gram-stain-negative and facultatively anaerobic bacterium, designated as strain TBZ242T, was isolated from water of Urmia Lake in the Azerbaijan region of Iran. The cells were found to be rod-shaped and motile by a single polar flagellum, producing circular and yellowish colonies. The strain could grow in the presence of 0.5-10 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 2.5-5 %). The temperature and pH ranges for growth were 15-45 °C (optimum 30 °C) and pH 7.0-11.0 (optimum pH 8.0) on marine agar. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain TBZ242T belonged to the genus Marinobacter, showing the highest similarities to Marinobacter algicola DG893T (98.8 %), Marinobacter vulgaris F01T (98.8 %), Marinobacter salarius R9SW1T (98.5 %), Marinobacter panjinensis PJ-16T (98.4 %), Marinobacter orientalis W62T (98.0 %) and Marinobacter denitrificans JB2H27T (98.0 %). The 16S rRNA and core-genome phylogenetic trees showed that strain TBZ242T formed a distinct branch, closely related to a subclade accommodating M. vulgaris, M. orientalis, M. panjinensis, M. denitrificans, M. algicola, M. salarius and M. iranensis, within the genus Marinobacter. Average nucleotide identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain TBZ242T and the type strains of the related species of Marinobacter were ≤85.0 and 28.6 %, respectively, confirming that strain TBZ242T represents a distinct species. The major cellular fatty acids of strain TBZ242T were C16 : 0 and C16 : 1 ω7c/C16 : 1 ω6c and the quinone was ubiquinone Q-9. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain TBZ242T is 57.2 mol%. Based on phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genomic data, strain TBZ242T represents a novel species within the genus Marinobacter, for which the name Marinobacter azerbaijanicus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is TBZ242T (= CECT 30649T = IBRC-M 11466T). Genomic fragment recruitment analysis showed that this species prefers aquatic saline environments with intermediate salinities, being detected on metagenomic databases of Lake Meyghan (Iran) with 5 and 18 % salinity, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Sánchez-Porro
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Elnaz Mehdizadeh Aghdam
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Soheila Montazersaheb
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vahideh Tarhriz
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Elham Kazemi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Amoozegar
- Extremophiles Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Antonio Ventosa
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Mohammad Saeid Hejazi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Lee B, Shin D, Kim J, Shin SK, Yi H, Baek MG. Massilia litorea sp. nov., Marinobacter salinisoli sp. nov. and Rhodobacter xanthinilyticus sp. nov., isolated from coastal environments. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2024; 74. [PMID: 38289227 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.006255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Three bacterial strains, namely LPB0304T, LPB0319T and LPB0142T, were isolated from coastal environments. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of the three isolates were found to show the highest sequence similarities to Massilia litorea (98.44 %), Marinobacter salinisoli (97.55 %) and Rhodobacter lacus (97.60 %), respectively. The low (<98.7 %) sequence similarities and tree topologies implied the novelty of the three isolates, representing novel genomic species of the genus Massilia, Marinobacter and Rhodobacter. Numerous biochemical and physiological features also supported the distinctiveness of the isolates from previously known species. Based on the phenotypic and phylogenetic data presented in this study, three novel species are suggested with the following names: Massilia litorea sp. nov. (LPB0304T=KACC 21523T=ATCC TSD-216T), Marinobacter salinisoli sp. nov. (LPB0319T=KACC 21522T=ATCC TSD-218T) and Rhodobacter xanthinilyticus sp. nov. (LPB0142T=KACC 18892T=JCM 31567T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Banseok Lee
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghoon Shin
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Juseong Kim
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Kyoung Shin
- Institute for Biomaterials, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hana Yi
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Biomaterials, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- School of Biosystems and Biomedical Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Gyung Baek
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Dou L, Zhang M, Pan L, Liu L, Su Z. Sulfide removal characteristics, pathways and potential application of a novel chemolithotrophic sulfide-oxidizing strain, Marinobacter sp. SDSWS8. Environ Res 2022; 212:113176. [PMID: 35364039 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Sulfide generally exists in wastewater, black and odor river, as well as aquaculture water, and give rise to adverse effect on ecological stability and biological safety, due to the toxicity, corrosivity and malodor of sulfide. In the present study, a chemolithotrophic sulfide-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) was isolated and identified as Marinobacter maroccanus strain SDSWS8. And it produced no hemolysin and was susceptible to most antibiotics. There were no accumulation of sulfide, sulfate and thiosulfate during the sulfide removal process. The optimum conditions of sulfide removal were temperature 15-40 °C, initial pH value 4.5-9.5, salinity 10-40‰, C/N ratio 0-20 and sulfide concentration 25-150 mg/L. The key genes of sulfide oxidation, Sox system (soxB, soxX, soxA, soxZ, soxY, soxD, soxC), dissimilatory sulfur oxidation (dsrA, aprA and sat) and sqr, were successfully amplified and expressed, indicating the three pathways coordinated to complete the sulfide oxidation. Besides, strain SDSWS8 had inhibitory effect on four pathogen Vibrio (V. harveyi, V. parahaemolyticus, V. anguillarum and V. splendidus). Furthermore, efficient removal of sulfide from real aquaculture water and sludge mixture could be accomplished by strain SDSWS8. This study may provide a promising candidate strain for sulfide-rich water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Dou
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, China
| | - Mengyu Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, China
| | - Luqing Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, China.
| | - Liping Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, China
| | - Zhaopeng Su
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, China
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Fan W, Jin J, Zhang Z, Han L, Li K, Wang C. Degradation of phenanthrene by consortium 5H under hypersaline conditions. Environ Pollut 2022; 308:119730. [PMID: 35809715 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
PAHs have been widely detected to accumulate in saline and hypersaline environments. Moderately halophilic microbes are considered the most suitable player for the elimination of PAHs in such environments. In this study, consortium 5H was enriched under 5% salinity and completely degraded phenanthrene in 5 days. By high-throughput sequencing, consortium 5H was identified as being mainly composed of Methylophaga, Marinobacter and Thalassospira. Combined with the investigation of intermediates and enzymatic activities, the degradation pathway of consortium 5H on phenanthrene was proposed. Consortium 5H was identified as having the ability to tolerate a wide range of salinities (1%-10%) and initial PAH concentrations (50 mg/L to 400 mg/L). It was also able to function under neutral to weak alkaline conditions (pH from 6 to 9) and the phytotoxicity of the produced intermediates showed no significant difference with distilled water. Furthermore, the metagenome of consortium 5H was measured and analyzed, which showed a great abundance of catabolic genes contained in consortium 5H. This study expanded the knowledge of PAH-degradation under hypersaline environments and consortium 5H was proposed to have good potential for the elimination of PAH pollution in saline/hypersaline environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Fan
- Miami College, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, Henan, China.
| | - Jiaqi Jin
- Miami College, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, Henan, China.
| | - Zuotao Zhang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Lu Han
- Miami College, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, Henan, China.
| | - Keyuan Li
- Miami College, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, Henan, China.
| | - Chongyang Wang
- Miami College, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, Henan, China.
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Aljandal S, Doyle SM, Bera G, Wade TL, Knap AH, Sylvan JB. Mesopelagic microbial community dynamics in response to increasing oil and Corexit 9500 concentrations. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263420. [PMID: 35196352 PMCID: PMC8865645 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine microbial communities play an important role in biodegradation of subsurface plumes of oil that form after oil is accidentally released from a seafloor wellhead. The response of these mesopelagic microbial communities to the application of chemical dispersants following oil spills remains a debated topic. While there is evidence that contrasting results in some previous work may be due to differences in dosage between studies, the impacts of these differences on mesopelagic microbial community composition remains unconstrained. To answer this open question, we exposed a mesopelagic microbial community from the Gulf of Mexico to oil alone, three concentrations of oil dispersed with Corexit 9500, and three concentrations of Corexit 9500 alone over long periods of time. We analyzed changes in hydrocarbon chemistry, cell abundance, and microbial community composition at zero, three and six weeks. The lowest concentration of dispersed oil yielded hydrocarbon concentrations lower than oil alone and microbial community composition more similar to control seawater than any other treatments with oil or dispersant. Higher concentrations of dispersed oil resulted in higher concentrations of microbe-oil microaggregates and similar microbial composition to the oil alone treatment. The genus Colwellia was more abundant when exposed to multiple concentrations of dispersed oil, but not when exposed to dispersant alone. Conversely, the most abundant Marinobacter amplicon sequence variant (ASV) was not influenced by dispersant when oil was present and showed an inverse relationship to the summed abundance of Alcanivorax ASVs. As a whole, the data presented here show that the concentration of oil strongly impacts microbial community response, more so than the presence of dispersant, confirming the importance of the concentrations of both oil and dispersant in considering the design and interpretation of results for oil spill simulation experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahd Aljandal
- Department of Oceanography, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
| | - Shawn M. Doyle
- Department of Oceanography, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
| | - Gopal Bera
- Geochemical and Environmental Research Group, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
| | - Terry L. Wade
- Department of Oceanography, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
- Geochemical and Environmental Research Group, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
| | - Anthony H. Knap
- Department of Oceanography, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
- Geochemical and Environmental Research Group, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
| | - Jason B. Sylvan
- Department of Oceanography, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Anh HTH, Shahsavari E, Bott NJ, Ball AS. The application of Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus as a bioaugmentation agent for the enhanced treatment of non-sterile fish wastewater. J Environ Manage 2021; 291:112658. [PMID: 33934020 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Wastewaters generated by fish processing are characterised by salt concentrations similar to or greater than that of seawater together with high nutrient concentrations (e.g. organic carbon and total nitrogen) due to the presence of blood, oil, and fish tissues. Fish processing wastewater entering rivers and oceans have become a key factor leading to the pollution of receiving waters; the adequate treatment of this wastewater is, therefore, crucial to a sustainable fish industry. The present study aimed to determine whether augmentation of fish wastewater with either Marinirhabdus sp., Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus or a consortium of the two halobacteria, could successfully enhance the removal of both chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total nitrogen (TN) from fish wastewater. Following 9 days of incubation, the bioaugmentation treatment resulted in a significant reduction in COD, 88%, 91%, and 92% in fish wastewater augmented with either Marinirhabdus sp., Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus respectively, or a consortium of the two halobacteria compared with the control (non-bioaugmented) treatment (77% removal). In tall bioaugmentation treatments (79-88%) TN removal was also significantly greater than the control treatment (57%). After 9 days of incubation, the COD and TN in bioaugmentation reached the European Union's (EU) wastewater discharge standard (Level B, COD < 120 mg L-1, TN < 70 mg L-1). The addition of monoculture was effective in enhancing the removal of COD, while co-culture significantly improved TN removal. Results of 16S rDNA sequence analysis investigating the survival of these introduced bacteria showed that only Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus was detected at the end of the treatment, constituting 36% of the total bacterial population when added alone to the wastewater. This study confirms the effectiveness of bioaugmentation in removing COD and TN in saline fish wastewater. The ability of Marinobacter hydrocarbonclasticus to enhance the treatment and dominate the bacterial community suggests the commercial potential of this organism for bioaugmentation of aquaculture wastewater without the need for further bioaugmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoang Thi Hong Anh
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, Melbourne, Vic, 3083, Australia.
| | - Esmaeil Shahsavari
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, Melbourne, Vic, 3083, Australia
| | - Nathan J Bott
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, Melbourne, Vic, 3083, Australia
| | - Andrew S Ball
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, Melbourne, Vic, 3083, Australia
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Lian FB, Chen XY, Jiang S, Li GY, Du ZJ. Marinobacter orientalis sp. nov., a thiosulfate-oxidizing bacterium isolated from a marine solar saltern. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2021; 114:765-775. [PMID: 33751321 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-021-01556-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A facultatively anaerobic bacterium, strain W62T, was isolated from the marine solar saltern in Weihai, China. Cells of the novel strain were Gram-stain negative, non-flagellated, non-gliding, rod-shaped and around 0.3-0.5 × 2.5-3.9 µm in size. Optimum growth occurred at 33-37 °C, with 3-5% (w/v) NaCl and at pH 7.0-7.5. On the basis of phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence, strain W62T had close relationship with Marinobacter vulgaris F01T (98.6%), Marinobacter confluentis KCTC 42705T (98.4%) and Marinobacter halotolerans NBRC 110910T (97.7%). Genome sequencing revealed a genome size of 4,050,555 bp, a G+C content of 57.3% and a complete sox system related to thiosulfate oxidization. Strain W62T had ubiquinone-9 as the sole respiratory quinone and possessed Summed Features 3 (C16:1 ω7c/C16:1 ω6c), C16:0 and C18:1 ω9c as the major fatty acids. The major polar lipids of strain W62T were identified as aminophospholipid, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. According to the results of the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic characterization, phylogenetic properties and genome analysis, strain W62T should represent a novel specie of the genus Marinobacter, for which the name Marinobacter orientalis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is W62T (= MCCC 1H00317T = KCTC 62593T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Bai Lian
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu-Yang Chen
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Jiang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Yu Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biogenetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, 361000, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Zong-Jun Du
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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Wang C, Huang Y, Zhang Z, Hao H, Wang H. Absence of the nahG-like gene caused the syntrophic interaction between Marinobacter and other microbes in PAH-degrading process. J Hazard Mater 2020; 384:121387. [PMID: 31648897 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Marinobacter sp. N4 isolated from the halophilic consortium CY-1 was found to degrade phenanthrene as a sole carbon source with the accumulation of 1-Hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid (1H2N). With the assistance of Halomonas sp. G29, phenanthrene could be completely mineralized. The hpah1 and hpah2 gene cluster was amplified from the genome of strain N4, that were responsible for upstream and downstream of PAH degradation. Strain N4 was predicted for the transformation from phenanthrene to 1H2N, and strain G29 could transform the produced 1H2N into 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene (1,2-DHN). The produced 1,2-DHN could be further transformed into salicylic acid (SALA) by strain N4. SALA could be catalyzed into catechol by strain G29 and further utilized by strains N4 and G29 via the catechol 2,3-dioxygenase pathway and catechol 1,2-dioxygenase pathway, respectively. NahG, encoding salicylate hydroxylase, was absent from the hpah2 gene cluster and predicted to be the reason for 1H2N accumulation in the PAH-degrading process by pure culture of strain N4. The syntrophic interaction mode among Marinobacter and other microbes was also predicted. According to our knowledge, this is the first report of the PAH-degrading gene cluster in Marinobacter and the syntrophic interaction between Marinobacter and other microbes in the PAH-degrading process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongyang Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China.
| | - Yong Huang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China.
| | - Zuotao Zhang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China.
| | - Han Hao
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China.
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China.
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Vance TDR, Guo S, Assaie-Ardakany S, Conroy B, Davies PL. Structure and functional analysis of a bacterial adhesin sugar-binding domain. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220045. [PMID: 31335890 PMCID: PMC6650083 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial adhesins attach their hosts to surfaces through one or more ligand-binding domains. In RTX adhesins, which are localized to the outer membrane of many Gram-negative bacteria via the type I secretion system, we see several examples of a putative sugar-binding domain. Here we have recombinantly expressed one such ~20-kDa domain from the ~340-kDa adhesin found in Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus, an oil-degrading bacterium. The sugar-binding domain was purified from E. coli with a yield of 100 mg/L of culture. Circular dichroism analysis showed that the protein was rich in beta-structure, was moderately heat resistant, and required Ca2+ for proper folding. A crystal structure was obtained in Ca2+ at 1.2-Å resolution, which showed the presence of three Ca2+ ions, two of which were needed for structural integrity and one for binding sugars. Glucose was soaked into the crystal, where it bound to the sugar's two vicinal hydroxyl groups attached to the first and second (C1 and C2) carbons in the pyranose ring. This attraction to glucose caused the protein to bind certain polysaccharide-based column matrices and was used in a simple competitive binding assay to assess the relative affinity of sugars for the protein's ligand-binding site. Fucose, glucose and N-acetylglucosamine bound most tightly, and N-acetylgalactosamine hardly bound at all. Isothermal titration calorimetry was used to determine specific binding affinities, which lie in the 100-μM range. Glycan arrays were tested to expand the range of ligand sugars assayed, and showed that MhPA14 bound preferentially to branched polymers containing terminal sugars highlighted as strong binders in the competitive binding assay. Some of these binders have vicinal hydroxyl groups attached to the C3 and C4 carbons that are sterically equivalent to those presented by the C1 and C2 carbons of glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler D. R. Vance
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Science, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shuaiqi Guo
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Science, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shayan Assaie-Ardakany
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Science, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brigid Conroy
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Science, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter L. Davies
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Science, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Fernandes C, Kankonkar H, Meena RM, Menezes G, Shenoy BD, Khandeparker R. Metagenomic analysis of tarball-associated bacteria from Goa, India. Mar Pollut Bull 2019; 141:398-403. [PMID: 30955749 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The beaches of Goa state in India are frequently polluted with tarballs, specifically during pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons. Tarballs contain hydrocarbons, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which pose significant environmental risks. Microbes associated with tarballs reportedly possess capabilities to degrade toxic hydrocarbons present in tarballs. In this study, bacterial diversity associated with tarballs from Vagator and Morjim beaches of north Goa was analysed based on V3-V4 regions of 16S rRNA gene sequenced using Illumina Miseq Platform. The Proteobacterial members were dominant in both Vagator (≥85.5%) and Morjim (≥94.0%) samples. Many of the identified taxa have been previously reported as hydrocarbon degraders (e.g. Halomonas, Marinobacter) or possible human pathogens (e.g. Acinetobacter, Klebsiella, Rhodococcus, Staphylococcus, Vibrio). This is the first study reported on a metagenomic analysis of bacteria associated with tarballs from Goa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clafy Fernandes
- Biological Oceanography Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, 403004, Goa, India
| | - Harshada Kankonkar
- Biological Oceanography Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, 403004, Goa, India
| | - Ram Murti Meena
- Biological Oceanography Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, 403004, Goa, India
| | - Gilda Menezes
- Biological Oceanography Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, 403004, Goa, India
| | - Belle Damodara Shenoy
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography Regional Centre, 176, Lawson's Bay Colony, Visakhapatnam, 530017, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Rakhee Khandeparker
- Biological Oceanography Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, 403004, Goa, India.
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Cao J, Liu P, Liu R, Su H, Wei Y, Liu R, Fang J. Marinobacter profundi sp. nov., a slightly halophilic bacterium isolated from a deep-sea sediment sample of the New Britain Trench. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2018; 112:425-434. [PMID: 30302650 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-018-1176-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A piezotolerant, cold-adapted, slightly halophilic bacterium, designated strain PWS21T, was isolated from a deep-sea sediment sample collected from the New Britain Trench. Cells were observed to be Gram-stain negative, rod-shaped, oxidase- and catalase-positive. Growth of the strain was observed at 4-45 °C (optimum 37 °C), at pH 5.0-9.0 (optimum 7.0) and in 0.5-20% (w/v) NaCl (optimum 3-4%). The optimum pressure for growth was 0.1 MPa (megapascal) with tolerance up to 70 MPa. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain PWS21T is closely related to Marinobacter guineae M3BT (98.4%) and Marinobacter lipolyticus SM19T (98.2%). Multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) based on sequences of housekeeping genes gyrB, recA, atpD, rpoB and rpoD indicates that strain PWS21T represents a distinct evolutionary lineage within the genus Marinobacter. Furthermore, strain PWS21T showed low ANI and diDDH values to the closely related species. The principal fatty acids were identified as C12:0, C12:0 3-OH, C16:1ω9c, C16:0 and C18:1ω9c. Ubiquinone-9 was identified as the major respiratory quinone. The polar lipids were identified as phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG), aminophospholipid (APL), two unidentified lipids and an unidentified phospholipid (PL). The G + C content of the genomic DNA was determined to be 60.3 mol%. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and molecular data, we conclude that strain PWS21T represents a novel species of the genus Marinobacter, for which the name Marinobacter profundi sp. nov. is proposed (type strain PWS21T = KCTC 52990T = MCCC 1K03345T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Cao
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hadal Science and Technology, College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, People's Republic of China.
- National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ping Liu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hadal Science and Technology, College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, People's Republic of China
| | - Renju Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, The Third Institute of State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Hainan Su
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuli Wei
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hadal Science and Technology, College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, People's Republic of China
| | - Rulong Liu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hadal Science and Technology, College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiasong Fang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hadal Science and Technology, College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, People's Republic of China.
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Natural Sciences, Hawaii Pacific University, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA.
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Bonin P, Vieira C, Grimaud R, Militon C, Cuny P, Lima O, Guasco S, Brussaard CPD, Michotey V. Substrates specialization in lipid compounds and hydrocarbons of Marinobacter genus. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2015; 22:15347-15359. [PMID: 25561256 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-4009-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The impact of petroleum contamination and of burrowing macrofauna on abundances of Marinobacter and denitrifiers was tested in marine sediment mesocoms after 3 months incubation. Quantification of this genus by qPCR with a new primer set showed that the main factor favoring Marinobacter abundance was hydrocarbon amendment followed by macrofauna presence. In parallel, proportion of nosZ-harboring bacteria increased in the presence of marcrofauna. Quantitative finding were explained by physiological data from a set of 34 strains and by genomic analysis of 16 genomes spanning 15 different Marinobacter-validated species (Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus, Marinobacter daeopensis, Marinobacter santoriniensis, Marinobacter pelagius, Marinobacter flavimaris, Marinobacter adhaerens, Marinobacter xestospongiae, Marinobacter algicola, Marinobacter vinifirmus, Marinobacter maritimus, Marinobacter psychrophilus, Marinobacter lipoliticus, Marinobacter manganoxydans, Marinobacter excellens, Marinobacter nanhaiticus) and 4 potential novel ones. Among the 105 organic electron donors tested in physiological analysis, Marinobacter pattern appeared narrow for almost all kinds of organic compounds except lipid ones. Strains of this set could oxidize a very large spectrum of lipids belonging to glycerolipids, branched, fatty acyls, and aromatic hydrocarbon classes. Physiological data were comforted by genomic analysis, and genes of alkane 1-monooxygenase, haloalkane dehalogenase, and flavin-binding monooxygenase were detected in most genomes. Denitrification was assessed for several strains belonging to M. hydrocarbonoclasticus, M. vinifirmus, Marinobacter maritinus, and M. pelagius species indicating the possibility to use nitrate as alternative electron acceptor. Higher occurrence of Marinobacter in the presence of petroleum appeared to be the result of a broader physiological trait allowing this genus to use lipids including hydrocarbon as principal electron donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Bonin
- Aix Marseille Université, UM110, MIO CNRS IRD, campus de Luminy, case 901, 13288, Marseille, France
| | - Christophe Vieira
- Aix Marseille Université, UM110, MIO CNRS IRD, campus de Luminy, case 901, 13288, Marseille, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, IFD, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252, Paris cedex 05, France
| | - Régis Grimaud
- Institut Pluridisciplinaire de Recherche en Environnement et Matériaux, Equipe Environnement et Microbiologie, UMR 5254, CNRS, IBEAS, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, Pau, France
| | - Cécile Militon
- Aix Marseille Université, UM110, MIO CNRS IRD, campus de Luminy, case 901, 13288, Marseille, France
| | - Philippe Cuny
- Aix Marseille Université, UM110, MIO CNRS IRD, campus de Luminy, case 901, 13288, Marseille, France
| | - Oscar Lima
- Aix Marseille Université, UM110, MIO CNRS IRD, campus de Luminy, case 901, 13288, Marseille, France
- Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, Evolution (ECOBIO), CNRS : UMR6553 - Université de Rennes 1 - INEE - Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Sophie Guasco
- Aix Marseille Université, UM110, MIO CNRS IRD, campus de Luminy, case 901, 13288, Marseille, France
| | - Corina P D Brussaard
- Department of Biological Oceanography, Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, NL-1790, Den Burg, AB, Netherlands
| | - Valérie Michotey
- Aix Marseille Université, UM110, MIO CNRS IRD, campus de Luminy, case 901, 13288, Marseille, France.
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Abstract
Microbial activity during the holding and reuse of wastewater from hydraulic fracturing operations, termed produced water, may lead to issues with corrosion, sulfide release, and fouling. Biocides are applied to control biological activity, often with limited efficacy, which is typically attributed to chemical interactions with the produced water. However, it is unknown whether there is a biologically driven mechanism to biocide tolerance in produced water. Here, we demonstrate that produced water exposure results in an enhanced tolerance against the typically used biocide glutaraldehyde and increased susceptibility to the oxidative biocide hypochlorite in a native and a model bacteria and that this altered resistance is due to the salinity of the produced water. In addition, we elucidate the genetic response of the model organism Pseudomonas fluorescens to produced water exposure to provide a mechanistic interpretation of the altered biocide resistance. The RNA-seq data demonstrated the induction of genes involved in osmotic stress, energy production and conversion, membrane integrity, and protein transport following produced water exposure, which facilitates bacterial survival and alters biocide tolerance. Efforts to fundamentally understand biocide resistance mechanisms, which enable the optimization of biocide application, hold significant implications for greening of the fracturing process through encouraging produced water recycling. Specifically, these results suggest the necessity of optimizing biocide application at the level of individual shale plays, rather than historical experience, based upon produced water characteristics and salinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Vikram
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, and §Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
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15
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Arulazhagan P, Sivaraman C, Kumar SA, Aslam M, Banu JR. Co-metabolic degradation of benzo(e)pyrene by halophilic bacterial consortium at different saline conditions. J Environ Biol 2014; 35:445-452. [PMID: 24812998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with high molecular weight (more than three benzene rings) were difficult to degrade in saline environment. The present study details about the bacterial consortium enriched from industrial sludge from salt manufacturing company, Tuticorin, Tamilnadu (India), which was capable of degrading 1, 4 dioxane (Emerging micropollutant) and also phenanthrene as sole carbon source under saline condition. The halophilic bacterial consortium was able to degrade low molecular weight (LMW) phenanthrene, but unable to degrade high molecular weight (HMW) benzo(e)pyrene. To overcome this problem, phenanthrene was added as co-substrate along with benzo(e)pyrene which enhanced the biodegradation process by co-metabolism under saline conditions. The consortium potentially degraded 80% and 99% of benzo(e)pyrene in 7 days and phenanthrene in 5 days at 30 g l⁻¹ of NaCl concentration. When the saline concentration increased to 60 g l⁻¹, degradation of phenanthrene (97% in 8 days) and benzo(e)pyrene (65% in 10 days) was observed. Further increase in saline concentration to 90 g I⁻¹ of NaCI showed reduction in the percent degradation of phenanthrene and benzo(e)pyrene leads to 30.3% and 9% respectively in 6 days. Potential bacterial strains, present in PAHs degrading bacterial consortium were identified as Achromobacter sp. AYS3 (JQ419751), Marinobacter sp. AYS4 (JQ419752) and Rhodanobacter sp. AYS5 (JQ419753). The present study details about the effect of salinity on PAHs degradation and vital role of co-metabolism on biodegradation of benzo(e)pyrene with phenanthrene under saline conditions.
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Arun Prasad AS, Satyanarayana VSV, Bhaskara Rao KV. Biotransformation of Direct Blue 1 by a moderately halophilic bacterium Marinobacter sp. strain HBRA and toxicity assessment of degraded metabolites. J Hazard Mater 2013; 262:674-684. [PMID: 24121630 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Revised: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/07/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The ability of halophiles to survive in the extreme salt concentrations has gained them the importance of being used in the treatment of industrial waste waters. A moderately halophilic bacterial strain with the ability to degrade the complex azo dye Direct Blue-1 (DB-1) was isolated from sea water and identified as Marinobacter sp. strain HBRA. Complete decolorization of DB-1 (100 mg L(-1)) was achieved in 6h at 37 °C, pH 8 and with 70 g L(-1) NaCl. Decolorization was analyzed by UV-vis spectrophotometer. The FT-IR spectrum revealed that Marinobacter sp. strain HBRA specifically targeted azo bond (NN) at 1631 cm(-1) to break down Direct Blue-1. Formation of metabolites at different retention times in HPLC indicated degradation. Biotransformation pathway for DB-1 was proposed based on LC-MS. Phytotoxicity study revealed the less toxic nature of the metabolites compared to the dye. Genotoxicity with Allium cepa confirmed the cytotoxic nature of DB-1 by inducing several chromosomal abnormalities compared to the negligible effects of degraded metabolites. The current study is the first report on the detoxification of DB-1 by Marinobacter sp. strain HBRA.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Arun Prasad
- Division of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, India
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Rosano-Hernández MC, Ramírez-Saad H, Fernández-Linares L. Petroleum-influenced beach sediments of the Campeche Bank, Mexico: diversity and bacterial community structure assessment. J Environ Manage 2012; 95 Suppl:S325-S331. [PMID: 21802196 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2011.06.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2009] [Revised: 06/17/2011] [Accepted: 06/24/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The bacterial diversity and community structure were surveyed in intertidal petroleum-influenced sediments of ≈ 100 km of a beach, in the southern Gulf of Mexico. The beach was divided in twenty sampling sites according to high, moderate and low petroleum influence. Densities of cultured heterotrophic (HAB) and hydrocarbon degrading bacteria (HDB) were highly variable in sediments, with little morphological assortment in colonies. PCR-RISA banding patterns differentiated distinct communities along the beach, and the bacterial diversity changed inversely to the degree of petroleum hydrocarbon influence: the higher TPH concentration, the lower genotype diversity. Seven DNA sequences (Genbank EF191394 -EF191396 and EF191398 -EF191401) were affiliated to uncultured members of Gemmatimonas, Acidobacterium, Desulfobacteraceae, Rubrobacterales, Actinobacterium and the Fibrobacteres/Acidobacteria group; all the above taxa are known for having members with active roles in biogeochemical transformations. The remaining sequences (EF191388 - EF191393 and EF191397) affiliated to Pseudoalteromonas, and to oil-degrading genera such as Pseudomonas, Vibrio and Marinobacter, being the last one an obligate oil-degrading bacterium. An exchange of bacteria between the beach and the oil seep environment, and the potential cleaning-up role of bacteria at the southern Gulf of Mexico are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- María C Rosano-Hernández
- Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo (IMP)-Región Marina, Av. Periférica Norte No. 75, San Agustín del Palmar, Ciudad del Carmen, Campeche 24118, Mexico
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Moxley K, Schmidt S. Isolation of a phenol-utilizing marine bacterium from Durban Harbour (South Africa) and its preliminary characterization as Marinobacter sp. KM2. Water Sci Technol 2012; 65:932-939. [PMID: 22339030 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2012.940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Many aromatic hydrocarbons assigned to the so-called high production volume chemicals (HPVCs) are frequently encountered constituents of wastewaters that end up in the sea. Although the pollutant-degrading capabilities of freshwater bacteria are well known, the catabolism of pollutants by marine bacteria has received limited attention. A marine bacterium with the ability to aerobically utilize phenol - an HPVC and common aromatic pollutant - as its sole source of carbon and energy, was isolated from water samples from Durban Harbour, South Africa. The isolate, designated strain KM2, was assigned to the genus Marinobacter based on a variety of phenotypic properties and by analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence. The isolate displays an absolute growth requirement for NaCl which cannot be offset by replacement of NaCl with other salts. In addition to 4-methylphenol and 3,4-dimethylphenol, it utilizes a range of aliphatic hydrocarbons such as butan-1-ol and hexadecane under aerobic conditions. The transient formation of an intermediate exhibiting the UV-Vis spectral characteristics for 2-hydroxymuconic semialdehyde in cultures growing on phenol suggests that the isolate catabolizes this compound via the meta cleavage pathway. These results indicate that members of the genus Marinobacter might participate in the elimination of aromatic pollutants in South African marine environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karis Moxley
- Discipline of Microbiology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
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Gleeson DF, Williamson C, Grasby SE, Pappalardo RT, Spear JR, Templeton AS. Low temperature S(0) biomineralization at a supraglacial spring system in the Canadian High Arctic. Geobiology 2011; 9:360-375. [PMID: 21592302 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-4669.2011.00283.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Elemental sulfur (S(0) ) is deposited each summer onto surface ice at Borup Fiord pass on Ellesmere Island, Canada, when high concentrations of aqueous H(2) S are discharged from a supraglacial spring system. 16S rRNA gene clone libraries generated from sulfur deposits were dominated by β-Proteobacteria, particularly Ralstonia sp. Sulfur-cycling micro-organisms such as Thiomicrospira sp., and ε-Proteobacteria such as Sulfuricurvales and Sulfurovumales spp. were also abundant. Concurrent cultivation experiments isolated psychrophilic, sulfide-oxidizing consortia, which produce S(0) in opposing gradients of Na(2) S and oxygen. 16S rRNA gene analyses of sulfur precipitated in gradient tubes show stable sulfur-biomineralizing consortia dominated by Marinobacter sp. in association with Shewanella, Loktanella, Rubrobacter, Flavobacterium, and Sphingomonas spp. Organisms closely related to cultivars appear in environmental 16S rRNA clone libraries; none currently known to oxidize sulfide. Once consortia were simplified to Marinobacter and Flavobacteria spp. through dilution-to-extinction and agar removal, sulfur biomineralization continued. Shewanella, Loktanella, Sphingomonas, and Devosia spp. were also isolated on heterotrophic media, but none produced S(0) alone when reintroduced to Na(2) S gradient tubes. Tubes inoculated with a Marinobacter and Shewanella spp. co-culture did show sulfur biomineralization, suggesting that Marinobacter may be the key sulfide oxidizer in laboratory experiments. Light, florescence and scanning electron microscopy of mineral aggregates produced in Marinobacter experiments revealed abundant cells, with filaments and sheaths variably mineralized with extracellular submicron sulfur grains; similar biomineralization was not observed in abiotic controls. Detailed characterization of mineral products associated with low temperature microbial sulfur-cycling may provide biosignatures relevant to future exploration of Europa and Mars.
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Affiliation(s)
- D F Gleeson
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA.
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Li Q, Cui Z, Zhao A, Gao W, Zheng L. [Identification and characterization of a novel hydrocarbon-degrading Marinobacter sp. PY97S]. Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao 2011; 51:648-655. [PMID: 21800628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify and characterize a hydrocarbon-degrading bacterium isolated from the sediment of the Yellow Sea. METHODS We used 16S rRNA gene sequences based phylogenetic analysis, physiological and biochemical characterization, DNA G + C content assaying, determination of cellular fatty acids, testing of carbon sources and respiratory lipoquinone and experiment of DNA-DNA relatedness. Its capability of degrading aliphatic hydrocarbons in ONR7a media supplemented with nine n-alkanes, separately, as sole source of carbon and energy was further determined. RESULTS The Gram-negative isolate PY97S was a member of the genus Marinobacter, catalase-and oxidase-positive, and with Q-9 as its predominant respiratory lipoquinone. The similarity between its 16S rRNA gene and that of its most closely related type strain in GenBank Marinobacter koreensis DD-M3(T) was 96.93%, and their level of DNA relatedness was 46.7%. The appropriate temperature for its growth ranged from 15 degrees C to 35 degrees C with the optimum of 30 degrees C, the appropriate initial acidity from pH 6.0 to 9.5 with the optimum of pH 7.0, and the appropriate salinity (NaCl) from 0% to 10% with the optimum of 0%. It metabolized many carbohydrates and organic acids and was sensitive to diverse antibiotics including ampicillin and piperacillin. The G + C content of its genomic DNA was 48.2 mol%. The major fatty acids were 2-methyl C15:0 (29.97%), C16: 1omega7c (27.22%), C12:0 (22.22%) and C16: 1omega9c (5.73%). CONCLUSION The isolate PY97S was identified as a petroleum hydrocarbon-degrading novel species of genus Marinobacter, holding the potential of being applied in the bioremediation of oil spill.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- College of Life Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China.
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Dosta J, Nieto JM, Vila J, Grifoll M, Mata-Álvarez J. Phenol removal from hypersaline wastewaters in a Membrane Biological Reactor (MBR): operation and microbiological characterisation. Bioresour Technol 2011; 102:4013-4020. [PMID: 21215614 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.11.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2010] [Revised: 09/10/2010] [Accepted: 11/26/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In this study, two Membrane Biological Reactors (MBR) with submerged flat membranes, one at lab-scale conditions and the other at pilot-plant conditions, were operated at environmental temperature to treat an industrial wastewater characterised by low phenol concentrations (8-16 mg L(-1)) and high salinity (∼ 150-160 mS cm(-1)). During the operation of both reactors, the phenol loading rate was progressively increased and less than 1mg phenol L(-1) was detected even at very low HRTs (0.5-0.7 days). Membrane fouling was minimized by the cross flow aeration rate inside the MBRs and by intermittent permeation. Microbial community analysis of both reactors revealed that members of the genera Halomonas and Marinobacter (gammaproteobacteria) were major components. Growth-linked phenol degradation by pure cultures of Marinobacter isolates demonstrated that this bacterium played a major role in the removal of phenol from the bioreactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Dosta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès, 1, Barcelona, Spain
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Chen WC, Tseng WN, Hsieh JL, Wang YS, Wang SL. Biodegradation and microbial community changes upon shrimp shell wastes amended in mangrove river sediment. J Environ Sci Health B 2010; 45:473-477. [PMID: 20512738 DOI: 10.1080/03601231003800305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Chitin, a homopolymer of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) residues linked by beta 1-4 bonds, is the most abundant renewable natural resource after cellulose. It is widely distributed in nature as the integuments of crustaceans and insects and as a component of fungi and algae. This study investigated the effects of a bifunctional chitinase/lysozyme-producing strain, Pseudomonas aeruginosa K-187, on degradation of shrimp shells and the survival conditions of bacterial strains in mangrove river sediment of Tamsui River. The structures of the whole bacterial community of the samples were measured by using polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) technique. Results show that three bacterial strains (Acrobacter sp., Shewanella sp., and Marinobacterium sp.) which originated from the mangrove river sediment were found predominant in the 6 days-incubation sample of P. aeruginosa K-187 amended mangrove river sediment. Meanwhile, biomass, reducing sugar, and total sugar were found highest in the 6 weeks-incubation sample of shrimp shell powder and P. aeruginosa K-187-amended mangrove river sediment. According to the results, we assumed that the amendment of P. aeruginosa K-187 can enhance the biodegradation of shrimp shells in the seawater containing mangrove river sediment. We hope that these findings may provide some useful information for the reclamation of chitin-containing wastes in our environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ching Chen
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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23
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Cui Z, Zheng L, Yang B, Liu Q, Gao W, Han P, Wang S, Zhou W, Zheng M, Tian L. [Synergic effect of marine obligate hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria in oil biodegradation]. Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao 2010; 50:350-359. [PMID: 20499640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In order to study the synergic effect of two marine obligate hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria in the oil biodegradation process. METHODS We combined the PAHs degrader Marinobacter sp. PY97S with the oil degrader Alcanivorax sp. 22CO-6 and Alcanivorax sp. JZ9B respectively to construct oil-degrading consortia. Multiple methods including weighting method, gas chromatography-flame ionization detection, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and thin layer chromatography-flame ionization detection were used to analyze and compare the oil degradation rates as well as the chromatographic figures of degraded oil between the pure cultures of obligate hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria and defined consortia. RESULTS The two consortia, 22CO-6 + PY97S and JZ9B + PY97S, exhibited synergic effects in the oil biodegradation process. The degradation rates of oil by the consortia were increased from 27.81% and 83.52% to 64.03% and 86.89% compared to the pure culture of oil degrader 22CO-6 and JZ9B, respectively. The consortia could degrade aliphatic and aromatic fraction at the same time, including high molecular weight PAHs chrysene and its alkyl derivatives. CONCLUSION There are obvious synergic effect of Alcanivorax and Marinobacter strains in the oil biodegradation process, which accelerated the oil biodegradation and decomposed thoroughly the more ecotoxic high molecular weight compounds in crude oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhisong Cui
- Marine Ecology Research Center, The First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266061, China.
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Guo B, Gu J, Ye YG, Tang YQ, Kida K, Wu XL. Marinobacter segnicrescens sp. nov., a moderate halophile isolated from benthic sediment of the South China Sea. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2007; 57:1970-1974. [PMID: 17766857 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.65030-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A Gram-negative, motile, non-spore-forming and moderately halophilic ellipsoid-shaped marine coccobacillus, designated strain SS011B1-4T, was isolated from benthic sediment of the South China Sea. Optimum growth occurred at 30–37 °C, pH 7.5–8.0 and 4–8 % (w/v) NaCl. Strain SS011B1-4T utilized a variety of organic substrates as sole carbon sources, but did not utilize toluene, n-tetradecane or crude oil. Strain SS011B1-4T had ubiquinone-9 as the major respiratory quinone and C18 : 1
ω9c, C16 : 0 and C12 : 0 3-OH as the predominant fatty acids. The genomic DNA G+C content was 62.2 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain SS011B1-4T belonged to the genus Marinobacter of the Gammaproteobacteria. The results of the phenotypic, phylogenetic and genomic analyses revealed that strain SS011B1-4T represents a novel species of the genus Marinobacter. The name Marinobacter segnicrescens sp. nov. is therefore proposed, with strain SS011B1-4T (=LMG 23928T=CGMCC 1.6489T) as the type strain.
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MESH Headings
- Bacterial Typing Techniques
- Base Composition
- China
- DNA, Bacterial/chemistry
- DNA, Bacterial/genetics
- DNA, Ribosomal/chemistry
- DNA, Ribosomal/genetics
- Fatty Acids/analysis
- Genes, rRNA
- Geologic Sediments/microbiology
- Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
- Locomotion/physiology
- Marinobacter/classification
- Marinobacter/genetics
- Marinobacter/isolation & purification
- Marinobacter/physiology
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Organic Chemicals/metabolism
- Phylogeny
- Quinones/analysis
- RNA, Bacterial/genetics
- RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics
- Saline Solution, Hypertonic/metabolism
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
- Spores, Bacterial/cytology
- Temperature
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Guo
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Jun Gu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Guang Ye
- Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Yue-Qin Tang
- Department of Materials and Life Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto City, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Kenji Kida
- Department of Materials and Life Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto City, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Xiao-Lei Wu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
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Abstract
A Gram-negative, motile, rod-shaped, Marinobacter-like bacterial strain, ISL-40T, was isolated from a marine solar saltern of the Yellow Sea in Korea. The taxonomic position of the novel strain was investigated using a polyphasic approach. Strain ISL-40T grew optimally at pH 7.0–8.0 and at 30 °C. It contained Q-9 as the predominant ubiquinone. The major fatty acids were C16 : 0, C16 : 1
ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH and 10-methyl C16 : 0. The DNA G+C content was 58.1 mol%. A phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain ISL-40T belongs to the genus Marinobacter. Strain ISL-40T exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values of 93.5–96.4 % to the type strains of recognized Marinobacter species. The differential phenotypic properties and phylogenetic distinctiveness of strain ISL-40T revealed that it is separate from recognized Marinobacter species. On the basis of phenotypic, phylogenetic and genetic data, therefore, strain ISL-40T represents a novel species of the genus Marinobacter, for which the name Marinobacter salicampi sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is ISL-40T (=KCTC 12972T=CCUG 54357T).
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MESH Headings
- Bacterial Typing Techniques
- Base Composition
- Carbohydrate Metabolism/physiology
- DNA, Bacterial/chemistry
- DNA, Bacterial/genetics
- DNA, Ribosomal/chemistry
- DNA, Ribosomal/genetics
- Fatty Acids/analysis
- Genes, rRNA
- Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
- Korea
- Locomotion/physiology
- Marinobacter/classification
- Marinobacter/genetics
- Marinobacter/isolation & purification
- Marinobacter/physiology
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Phylogeny
- RNA, Bacterial/genetics
- RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics
- Seawater/microbiology
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
- Temperature
- Ubiquinone/analysis
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hoon Yoon
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), PO Box 115, Yusong, Taejon, Korea
| | - Mi-Hwa Lee
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), PO Box 115, Yusong, Taejon, Korea
| | - So-Jung Kang
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), PO Box 115, Yusong, Taejon, Korea
| | - Tae-Kwang Oh
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), PO Box 115, Yusong, Taejon, Korea
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Al-Awadhi H, Sulaiman RHD, Mahmoud HM, Radwan SS. Alkaliphilic and halophilic hydrocarbon-utilizing bacteria from Kuwaiti coasts of the Arabian Gulf. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2007; 77:183-6. [PMID: 17710391 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-007-1127-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2006] [Revised: 06/13/2007] [Accepted: 07/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Green animate materials from the intertidal zone of the Arabian Gulf coast accommodated more alkaliphilic and halophilic bacteria than inanimate materials. The alkaliphilic oil-utilizing bacteria, as identified by their 16S ribonucleic acid sequences, belonged to the following genera arranged in decreasing frequences: Marinobacter, Micrococcus, Dietzia, Bacillus, Oceanobacillus, and Citricoccus. The halophilic oil-utilizing bacteria belonged to the genera: Marinobacter, Georgenia, Microbacterium, Stappia, Bacillus, Isoptericola, and Cellulomonas. Most isolates could grow on a wide range of pure n-alkanes and aromatic compounds, as sole sources of carbon and energy. Quantitative gas liquid chromatographic analysis showed that individual isolates attenuated crude oil and representative pure hydrocarbons in culture. The optimum pH for most of the alkaliphilic genera was pH 10, and the optimum salinity for the halophiles ranged between 2.5 and 5% NaCl (w/v). It was concluded that as far as their microbial makeup is concerned, oily alkaline and saline intertidal areas of the Kuwaiti coasts have a self-cleaning potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Al-Awadhi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
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27
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Antunes A, França L, Rainey FA, Huber R, Nobre MF, Edwards KJ, da Costa MS. Marinobacter salsuginis sp. nov., isolated from the brine–seawater interface of the Shaban Deep, Red Sea. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2007; 57:1035-1040. [PMID: 17473254 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.64862-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Two moderately halophilic Gram-negative bacteria were isolated from a sample taken from the brine–seawater interface of the Shaban Deep in the Red Sea. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that these organisms represent a novel species of the genus Marinobacter. Cells of the new isolates formed non-pigmented colonies and were motile by means of a single polar flagellum. Strains SD-14BT and SD-14C grew optimally at 35–37 °C, in 5 % NaCl and at pH 7.5–8.0. The organisms were aerobic, but reduced nitrate to nitrogen under anaerobic conditions. Acid was produced from only a few carbohydrates. Ubiquinone 9 was the major respiratory quinone. The major fatty acids of strains SD-14BT and SD-14C were C16 : 0, C18 : 1
ω9c, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1
ω6c/C16 : 1
ω7c) and C12 : 0 3-OH. The DNA G+C contents were 55.9 and 55.7 mol%, respectively. On the basis of the phylogenetic analyses and physiological and biochemical characteristics, it is proposed that strains SD-14BT and SD-14C represent a novel species of the genus Marinobacter, with the name Marinobacter salsuginis sp. nov. The type strain is strain SD-14BT (=DSM 18347T=LMG 23697T).
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MESH Headings
- Anaerobiosis
- Bacterial Typing Techniques
- Base Composition
- Carbohydrate Metabolism
- DNA, Bacterial/chemistry
- DNA, Bacterial/genetics
- DNA, Ribosomal/chemistry
- DNA, Ribosomal/genetics
- Fatty Acids/analysis
- Flagella
- Genes, rRNA
- Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
- Indian Ocean
- Marinobacter/classification
- Marinobacter/genetics
- Marinobacter/isolation & purification
- Marinobacter/physiology
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Movement
- Nitrates/metabolism
- Nitrogen/metabolism
- Oxidation-Reduction
- Phylogeny
- Pigments, Biological/biosynthesis
- Quinones/analysis
- RNA, Bacterial/genetics
- RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics
- Seawater/microbiology
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
- Sodium Chloride/metabolism
- Temperature
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Affiliation(s)
- André Antunes
- Laboratório de Microbiologia, Centro de Neurociências e Biologia Celular, Universidade de Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luis França
- Laboratório de Microbiologia, Centro de Neurociências e Biologia Celular, Universidade de Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Fred A Rainey
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Robert Huber
- Lehrstuhl für Mikrobiologie und Archaeenzentrum, Universität Regensburg, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - M Fernanda Nobre
- Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade de Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Katrina J Edwards
- Department of Biological Sciences, Division of Marine & Environmental Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0271, USA
| | - Milton S da Costa
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade de Coimbra, 3001-401 Coimbra, Portugal
- Laboratório de Microbiologia, Centro de Neurociências e Biologia Celular, Universidade de Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
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Holtzapple E, Schmidt-Dannert C. Biosynthesis of isoprenoid wax ester in Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus DSM 8798: identification and characterization of isoprenoid coenzyme A synthetase and wax ester synthases. J Bacteriol 2007; 189:3804-12. [PMID: 17351040 PMCID: PMC1913317 DOI: 10.1128/jb.01932-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus DSM 8798 has been reported to synthesize isoprenoid wax ester storage compounds when grown on phytol as the sole carbon source under limiting nitrogen and/or phosphorous conditions. We hypothesized that isoprenoid wax ester synthesis involves (i) activation of an isoprenoid fatty acid by a coenzyme A (CoA) synthetase and (ii) ester bond formation between an isoprenoid alcohol and isoprenoyl-CoA catalyzed, most likely, by an isoprenoid wax ester synthase similar to an acyl wax ester synthase, wax ester synthase/diacylglycerol acyltransferase (WS/DGAT), recently described from Acinetobacter sp. strain ADP1. We used the recently released rough draft genome sequence of a closely related strain, M. aquaeolei VT8, to search for WS/DGAT and acyl-CoA synthetase candidate genes. The sequence information from putative WS/DGAT and acyl-CoA synthetase genes identified in this strain was used to clone homologues from the isoprenoid wax ester synthesizing Marinobacter strain. The activities of the recombinant enzymes were characterized, and two new isoprenoid wax ester synthases capable of synthesizing isoprenoid ester and acyl/isoprenoid hybrid ester in vitro were identified along with an isoprenoid-specific CoA synthetase. One of the Marinobacter wax ester synthases displays several orders of magnitude higher activity toward acyl substrates than any previously characterized acyl-WS and may reflect adaptations to available carbon sources in their environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Holtzapple
- Department Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, 1479 Gortner Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
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