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Liu X, Zhang P, Song H, Tang X, Hao Y, Guan Y, Chong T, Hussain S, Gao R. Unveiling a pH-Responsive Dual-Androgen-Blocking Magnetic Molecularly Imprinted Polymer for Enhanced Synergistic Therapy of Prostate Cancer. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:4348-4360. [PMID: 38253997 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c13732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy diagnosed in men. Androgens are directly related to its pathogenesis. Inhibition of the androgen receptor (AR) is considered to be the most promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of prostate cancer. In this study, a new type of pH-responsive dual androgen-blocking nanodrug (FASC MIPs) based on a molecularly imprinted polymer has been designed and synthesized. The nanodrug could selectively sequester testosterone from the prostate tumor through specific molecular imprinting sites and simultaneously deliver the AR inhibitory drug bicalutamide, which ultimately leads to enhanced synergistic therapy of prostate cancer. FASC MIPs demonstrate excellent pH responsiveness in a simulated tumor microenvironment due to the presence of chitosan and significantly inhibit the growth of prostate cancer cells (LNCaP cells) by blocking the G1 phase of cytokinesis. Additionally, the nanodrug also displayed excellent antitumor properties in a xenograft mouse model of prostate cancer without any sign of detrimental effects on healthy tissues and organs. Both in vitro and in vivo studies verified the augmented and synergistic therapeutic effects of FASC MIPs, and the proposed dual-androgen-blocking strategy could explore novel avenues in prostate cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyi Liu
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Pei Zhang
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huijia Song
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Tang
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yi Hao
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yibing Guan
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tie Chong
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Sameer Hussain
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ruixia Gao
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an710049, Shaanxi, China
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Soliman M, Shanan N, Eissa G, Mizaikoff B, El Gohary NA. In vivo application of magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer in rheumatoid arthritis rat model. J Drug Target 2023; 31:878-888. [PMID: 37566392 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2023.2247584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
A magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer (MMIP) was synthesised and tested for an in vivo rheumatoid arthritis (RA) rat model. Magnetite coated with mesoporous silica (Fe2O3@mSi) was used as core for surface imprinting, dopamine was used as monomer and methotrexate (MTX) was loaded directly during polymerisation. The amount of MTX loaded on MMIPs reached 201.165 ± 0.315 µmol/g. Characterisation of the polymers was done via SEM, TEM, and FTIR. The pharmacological effect of the selected MMIP was evaluated in a Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA) induced arthritis rat model where a 3D magnet bearing construct was designed for targeted delivery of MMIPs. The parameters evaluated were the change in paw edoema, paw diameter, gait score, and animal's weight. Results revealed a tendency of MMIP to significantly improve the measured parameters which was confirmed with histopathological findings. In conclusion, the improvement in the arthritic signs associated with MMIP treatment compared to free MTX, indicated successful targeting of MMIPs to the site of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Soliman
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology, The German International University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nagwan Shanan
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire Hosted By Global Academic Foundation, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Gamal Eissa
- Materials Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering and Materials Science, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Boris Mizaikoff
- Institute of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
- Hahn-Schickard, Ulm, Germany
| | - Nesrine A El Gohary
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
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Qin YT, Ma YJ, Feng YS, He XW, Li WY, Zhang YK. Targeted Mitochondrial Fluorescence Imaging-Guided Tumor Antimetabolic Therapy with the Imprinted Polymer Nanomedicine Capable of Specifically Recognizing Dihydrofolate Reductase. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:40332-40341. [PMID: 34412467 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c11388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
As we all know, inhibiting the activity of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) has always been an effective strategy for folate antimetabolites to treat tumors. In the past, it mainly relied on chemical drugs. Here, we propose a new strategy, (3-propanecarboxyl)triphenylphosphonium bromide (CTPB)-modified molecularly imprinted polymer nanomedicine (MIP-CTPB). MIP-CTPB prepared by imprinting the active center of DHFR can specifically bind to the active center to block the catalytic activity of DHFR, thereby inhibiting the synthesis of DNA and ultimately inhibiting the tumor growth. The modification of CTPB allows the nanomedicine to be targeted and enriched in mitochondria, where DHFR is abundant. The confocal laser imaging results show that MIP-CTPB can target mitochondria. Cytotoxicity experiments show that MIP-CTPB inhibits HeLa cell proliferation by 42.2%. In vivo experiments show that the tumor volume of the MIP-CTPB-treated group is only one-sixth of that of the untreated group. The fluorescent and paramagnetic properties of the nanomedicine enable targeted fluorescence imaging of mitochondria and T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging of tumors. This research not only opens up a new direction for the application of molecular imprinting, but also provides a new idea for tumor antimetabolic therapy guided by targeted mitochondrial imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ting Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yao-Jia Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yu-Sheng Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xi-Wen He
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Wen-You Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yu-Kui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- National Chromatographic Research and Analysis Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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Xu J, Miao H, Wang J, Pan G. Molecularly Imprinted Synthetic Antibodies: From Chemical Design to Biomedical Applications. Small 2020; 16:e1906644. [PMID: 32101378 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201906644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Billions of dollars are invested into the monoclonal antibody market every year to meet the increasing demand in clinical diagnosis and therapy. However, natural antibodies still suffer from poor stability and high cost, as well as ethical issues in animal experiments. Thus, developing antibody substitutes or mimics is a long-term goal for scientists. The molecular imprinting technique presents one of the most promising strategies for antibody mimicking. The molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are also called "molecularly imprinted synthetic antibodies" (MISAs). The breakthroughs of key technologies and innovations in chemistry and material science in the last decades have led to the rapid development of MISAs, and their molecular affinity has become comparable to that of natural antibodies. Currently, MISAs are undergoing a revolutionary transformation of their applications, from initial adsorption and separation to the rising fields of biomedicine. Herein, the fundamental chemical design of MISAs is examined, and then current progress in biomedical applications is the focus. Meanwhile, the potential of MISAs as qualified substitutes or even to transcend the performance of natural antibodies is discussed from the perspective of frontier needs in biomedicines, to facilitate the rapid development of synthetic artificial antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Xu
- Institute for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, P. R. China
- Sino-European School of Technology of Shanghai University, Shanghai University, Shanghai, CN-200444, P. R. China
| | - Haohan Miao
- Institute for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, P. R. China
| | - Jixiang Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science Laboratory, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, 20520, Finland
| | - Guoqing Pan
- Institute for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, P. R. China
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