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Chen XB, Zhu HY, Bao K, Jiang L, Zhu H, Ying MD, He QJ, Yang B, Sheng R, Cao J. Bis-isatin derivatives: design, synthesis, and biological activity evaluation as potent dimeric DJ-1 inhibitors. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2021; 42:1160-1170. [PMID: 33495517 PMCID: PMC8209122 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-00600-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The PARK7 gene (encode DJ-1 protein) was first discovered as an oncogene and later found to be a causative gene for autosomal recessive early onset Parkinson's disease. DJ-1 has been proposed as a potential therapeutic anticancer target due to its pivotal role in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. Based on the homodimer structure of DJ-1, a series of bis-isatin derivatives with different length linkers were designed, synthesized, and evaluated as dimeric inhibitors targeting DJ-1 homodimer. Among them, DM10 with alkylene chain of C10 displayed the most potent inhibitory activity against DJ-1 deglycase. We further demonstrated that DM10 bound covalently to the homodimer of DJ-1. In human cancer cell lines H1299, MDA-MB-231, BEL7402, and 786-O, DM10 (2.5-20 μM) inhibited the cell growth in a concentration-dependent manner showing better anticancer effects compared with the positive control drug STK793590. In nude mice bearing H1299 cell xenograft, intratumor injection of DM10 (15 mg/kg) produced significantly potent tumor growth inhibition when compared with that caused by STK793590 (30 mg/kg). Moreover, we found that DM10 could significantly enhance N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide-based apoptosis and erastin-based ferroptosis in H1299 cells. In conclusion, DM10 is identified as a potent inhibitor targeting DJ-1 homodimer with the potential as sensitizing agent for other anticancer drugs, which might provide synergistical therapeutic option for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Bing Chen
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Hai-Ying Zhu
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Kun Bao
- ZJU-ENS Joint Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Mei-Dan Ying
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Qiao-Jun He
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Rong Sheng
- ZJU-ENS Joint Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Ji Cao
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Jun YW, Kool ET. Small Substrate or Large? Debate Over the Mechanism of Glycation Adduct Repair by DJ-1. Cell Chem Biol 2020; 27:1117-1123. [PMID: 32783963 PMCID: PMC8442549 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2020.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Glycation, the term for non-enzymatic covalent reactions between aldehyde metabolites and nucleophiles on biopolymers, results in deleterious cellular damage and diseases. Since Parkinsonism-associated protein DJ-1 was proposed as a novel deglycase that directly repairs glycated adducts, it has been considered a major contributor to glycation damage repair. Recently, an interesting debate over the mechanism of glycation repair by DJ-1 has emerged, focusing on whether the substrate of DJ-1 is glycated adducts or the free small aldehydes. The physiological significance of DJ-1 on glycation defense also remains in question. This debate is complicated by the fact that glycated biomolecular adducts are in rapid equilibrium with free aldehydes. Here, we summarize experimental evidence for the two possibilities, highlighting both consistencies and conflicts. We discuss the experimental complexities from a mechanistic perspective, and suggest classes of experiments that should help clarify this debate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Woong Jun
- Department of Chemistry, ChEM-H Institute, and Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Eric T Kool
- Department of Chemistry, ChEM-H Institute, and Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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Kumar R, Kumar S, Hanpude P, Singh AK, Johari T, Majumder S, Maiti TK. Partially oxidized DJ-1 inhibits α-synuclein nucleation and remodels mature α-synuclein fibrils in vitro. Commun Biol 2019; 2:395. [PMID: 31701024 PMCID: PMC6821844 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0644-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
DJ-1 is a deglycase enzyme which exhibits a redox-sensitive chaperone-like activity. The partially oxidized state of DJ-1 is active in inhibiting the aggregation of α-synuclein, a key protein associated with Parkinson's disease. The underlying molecular mechanism behind α-synuclein aggregation inhibition remains unknown. Here we report that the partially oxidized DJ-1 possesses an adhesive surface which sequesters α-synuclein monomers and blocks the early stages of α-synuclein aggregation and also restricts the elongation of α-synuclein fibrils. DJ-1 remodels mature α-synuclein fibrils into heterogeneous toxic oligomeric species. The remodeled fibers show loose surface topology due to a decrease in elastic modulus and disrupt membrane architecture, internalize easily and induce aberrant nitric oxide release. Our results provide a mechanism by which partially oxidized DJ-1 counteracts α-synuclein aggregation at initial stages of aggregation and provide evidence of a deleterious effect of remodeled α-synuclein species generated by partially oxidized DJ-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshan Kumar
- Functional Proteomics Laboratory, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone Gurgaon-Faridabad Expressway, Faridabad, 121001 India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104 India
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Functional Proteomics Laboratory, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone Gurgaon-Faridabad Expressway, Faridabad, 121001 India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104 India
| | - Pranita Hanpude
- Functional Proteomics Laboratory, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone Gurgaon-Faridabad Expressway, Faridabad, 121001 India
| | - Abhishek Kumar Singh
- Functional Proteomics Laboratory, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone Gurgaon-Faridabad Expressway, Faridabad, 121001 India
| | - Tanu Johari
- Functional Proteomics Laboratory, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone Gurgaon-Faridabad Expressway, Faridabad, 121001 India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104 India
| | - Sushanta Majumder
- Functional Proteomics Laboratory, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone Gurgaon-Faridabad Expressway, Faridabad, 121001 India
| | - Tushar Kanti Maiti
- Functional Proteomics Laboratory, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone Gurgaon-Faridabad Expressway, Faridabad, 121001 India
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Barbieri L, Luchinat E. Backbone resonance assignment of human DJ-1 in the reduced state and in the cysteine sulfinic acid state. Biomol NMR Assign 2019; 13:371-376. [PMID: 31377986 DOI: 10.1007/s12104-019-09908-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
DJ-1 is a highly conserved soluble protein that is associated to several cellular pathways. In humans, DJ-1 has been implicated in several pathologies such as cancer, Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Several roles have been attributed to DJ-1, including defense against oxidative stress, chaperone activity and proteasome regulation. The recent finding that DJ-1 acts as a protein and DNA deglycase further confirms the protective function of DJ-1 and suggests a common mechanism of action in the various pathways in which DJ-1 is involved. Cysteine 106, located in the putative active site of DJ-1, is critical for the biological activity of DJ-1 and is easily oxidized to cysteine-sulfinate. While such oxidation modulates DJ-1 activity, the underlying molecular mechanism has not yet been elucidated. Cysteine oxidation does not perturb the protein structure, therefore changes in protein dynamics in solution could modulate its function. Here, we report a revised and completed (98%) backbone assignment of reduced DJ-1, together with the backbone assignment of oxidized DJ-1. Chemical shift perturbation is observed in several regions across the sequence, while no changes in secondary structure are observed. These data will provide the starting point for further characterization of the changes in the backbone dynamics of DJ-1 upon oxidation in solution at physiological temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letizia Barbieri
- Magnetic Resonance Center, University of Florence, Via Luigi Sacconi 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche di Metalloproteine, Via Luigi Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Enrico Luchinat
- Magnetic Resonance Center, University of Florence, Via Luigi Sacconi 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134, Florence, Italy.
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Ben-Nissan G, Chotiner A, Tarnavsky M, Sharon M. Structural Characterization of Missense Mutations Using High Resolution Mass Spectrometry: A Case Study of the Parkinson's-Related Protein, DJ-1. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2016; 27:1062-1070. [PMID: 27048419 PMCID: PMC5152731 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-016-1379-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 03/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Missense mutations that lead to the expression of mutant proteins carrying single amino acid substitutions are the cause of numerous diseases. Unlike gene lesions, insertions, deletions, nonsense mutations, or modified RNA splicing, which affect the length of a polypeptide, or determine whether a polypeptide is translated at all, missense mutations exert more subtle effects on protein structure, which are often difficult to evaluate. Here, we took advantage of the spectral resolution afforded by the EMR Orbitrap platform, to generate a mass spectrometry-based approach relying on simultaneous measurements of the wild-type protein and the missense variants. This approach not only considerably shortens the analysis time due to the concurrent acquisition but, more importantly, enables direct comparisons between the wild-type protein and the variants, allowing identification of even subtle structural changes. We demonstrate our approach using the Parkinson's-associated protein, DJ-1. Together with the wild-type protein, we examined two missense mutants, DJ-1A104T and DJ-1D149A, which lead to early-onset familial Parkinson's disease. Gas-phase, thermal, and chemical stability assays indicate clear alterations in the conformational stability of the two mutants: the structural stability of DJ-1D149A is reduced, whereas that of DJ-1A104T is enhanced. Overall, we anticipate that the methodology presented here will be applicable to numerous other missense mutants, promoting the structural investigations of multiple variants of the same protein. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gili Ben-Nissan
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Almog Chotiner
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Mark Tarnavsky
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Michal Sharon
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel.
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