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Edo-Alcón N, Gallardo A, Colomer-Mendoza F, Lobo A. Efficiency of biological and mechanical-biological treatment plants for MSW: The case of Spain. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26353. [PMID: 38404851 PMCID: PMC10884472 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Biological and mechanical biological treatment plants combine mechanical and biological treatments to recover the greatest possible amount of materials from municipal solid waste (MSW) and biostabilize the organic fraction to be landfilled or applied in land. These plants handle a high percentage of the MSW generated in Europe. This work presents an exhaustive analysis of the existing plants in Spain which evaluates their typology as well as their performance. In Spain, 137 plants, which receive 13 Mt/year of waste, provide the country with total coverage. Twenty-two types of plants have been identified and grouped into six categories. There are four categories that receive mixed MSW: 1) sorting plants; 2) recovery and composting plants; 3) biodrying and recovery plants; and 4) recovery, biomethanation and composting plants and two that receive separately collected biowaste: 5) composting plants, and 6) biomethanation and composting plants. In plants that receive mixed waste, around 5% of the total input is recovered as recyclable materials (662,182 t/year), of which 29% corresponds to plastics, 27% to metals, and 27% to paper and cardboard. In addition, biostabilized material and/or biogas, and rejects (45-77% of the input) are obtained. In the biowaste plants, high-quality compost (more than 105,000 t/year), a higher biogas yield (43.60 Nm3/t·year) and a lower proportion of rejects (around 29%) are obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Edo-Alcón
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica y Construcción, Universitat Jaume I, Avda. Vicent Sos Baynat, 12071, Castelló de la Plana, Spain
| | - A. Gallardo
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica y Construcción, Universitat Jaume I, Avda. Vicent Sos Baynat, 12071, Castelló de la Plana, Spain
| | - F.J. Colomer-Mendoza
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica y Construcción, Universitat Jaume I, Avda. Vicent Sos Baynat, 12071, Castelló de la Plana, Spain
| | - A. Lobo
- Grupo de Ingeniería Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias y Técnicas del Agua y del Medio Ambiente, Universidad de Cantabria, Avda. de los Castros, 39005 Santander, Spain
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2
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Gallardo A, Vivanco Aravena P, Ramírez-Santana M, Sepúlveda Barisich P. Is the flow rate the missing link in the evolution of clinical outcome of patients using high-flow nasal cannula? J Crit Care 2024; 79:154443. [PMID: 37826998 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2023.154443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Gallardo
- Servicio de Kinesiología, Cuidados Respiratorios, Sanatorio Clínica Modelo de Morón, Morón, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Kinesiology Department, Respiratory Care, Moron Model Clinic, Morón, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Paulina Vivanco Aravena
- Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, Hospital de Urgencia y Asistencia Pública, Santiago de Chile, Chile; Intensive Care Unit, Emergency and Public Assistance Hospital, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Muriel Ramírez-Santana
- Departamento de Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile; Public Health Department, School of Medicine, Northern Catholic University, Coquimbo, Chile
| | - Patrick Sepúlveda Barisich
- Servicio de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación, Hospital San Juan de Dios, La Serena, Chile; Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, San Juan de Dios Hospital, La Serena, Chile
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Busico M, Fuentes NA, Gallardo A, Vitali A, Quintana J, Olmos M, Burns KEA, Esperatti M. The Predictive Validity of the Berlin Definition of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome for Patients With COVID-19-Related Respiratory Failure Treated With High-Flow Nasal Oxygen: A Multicenter, Prospective Cohort Study. Crit Care Med 2024; 52:92-101. [PMID: 37846935 DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000006056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The Berlin definition of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) was constructed for patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) with consideration given to issues related to reliability, feasibility, and validity. Notwithstanding, patients with acute respiratory failure (ARF) may be treated with high-flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) and may not fall within the scope of the original definition. We aimed to evaluate the predictive validity of the Berlin definition in HFNO-treated patients with COVID-19-related respiratory failure who otherwise met ARDS criteria. DESIGN Multicenter, prospective cohort study. SETTING Five ICUs of five centers in Argentina from March 2020 to September 2021. PATIENTS We consecutively included HFNO-treated patients older than 18 years with confirmed COVID-19-related ARF, a Pa o2 /F io2 of less than 300 mm Hg, bilateral infiltrates on imaging, and worsening respiratory symptoms for less than 1 week. INTERVENTIONS None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS We evaluated the predictive validity of mortality at day 28 using the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC), compared the predictive validity across subgroups, and characterized relevant clinical outcomes. We screened 1,231 patients and included 696 ARDS patients [30 (4%) mild, 380 (55%) moderate, and 286 (41%) severe]. For the study cohort, the AUC for mortality at day 28 was 0.606 (95% CI, 0.561-0.651) with the AUC for subgroups being similar to that of the overall cohort. Two hundred fifty-six patients (37%) received IMV. By day 28, 142 patients (21%) had died, of whom 81 (57%) had severe ARDS. Mortality occurred primarily in patients who were transitioned to IMV. CONCLUSIONS The predictive validity of the Berlin ARDS definition was similar for HFNO-treated patients as compared with the original population of invasively ventilated patients. Our findings support the extension of the Berlin definition to HFNO-treated patients with ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Busico
- Intensive Care Unit, Clínica Olivos SMG, Olivos, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nora A Fuentes
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Privado de Comunidad, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Adrián Gallardo
- Intensive Care Unit, Sanatorio Clínica Modelo de Morón, Universidad de Morón, Morón, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandra Vitali
- Intensive Care Unit, Sanatorio de la Trinidad Palermo, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jorgelina Quintana
- Intensive Care Unit, Clínica Olivos SMG, Olivos, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Matias Olmos
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Privado de Comunidad, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Karen E A Burns
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Saint Michael's Hospital Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mariano Esperatti
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Privado de Comunidad, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Núñez Silveira JM, Gallardo A, García-Valdés P, Ríos F, Rodriguez PO, Felipe Damiani L. Reverse triggering during mechanical ventilation: Diagnosis and clinical implications. Med Intensiva 2023:S2173-5727(23)00169-8. [PMID: 37867118 DOI: 10.1016/j.medine.2023.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
This review addresses the phenomenon of "reverse triggering", an asynchrony that occurs in deeply sedated patients or patients in transition from deep to light sedation. Reverse triggering has been reported to occur in 30-90% of all ventilated patients. The underlying pathophysiological mechanisms remain unclear, but "entrainment" is proposed as one of them. Detecting this asynchrony is crucial, and methods such as visual inspection, esophageal pressure, diaphragmatic ultrasound and automated methods have been used. Reverse triggering may have effects on lung and diaphragm function, probably mediated by the level of breathing effort and eccentric activation of the diaphragm. The optimal management of reverse triggering has not been established, but may include the adjustment of ventilatory parameters as well as of sedation level, and in extreme cases, neuromuscular block. It is important to understand the significance of this condition and its detection, but also to conduct dedicated research to improve its clinical management and potential effects in critically ill patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M Núñez Silveira
- Servicio de Kinesiología, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Adrián Gallardo
- Servicio de Kinesiología, Sanatorio Clínica Modelo de Morón, Morón, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Patricio García-Valdés
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Carrera de Kinesiología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; CardioREspirAtory Research Laboratory (CREAR), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fernando Ríos
- Casa Hospital San Juan De Dios, Ramos Mejía, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pablo O Rodriguez
- Unidad de Terapia Intensiva, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas (CEMIC), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto Universitario CEMIC (IUC), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - L Felipe Damiani
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Carrera de Kinesiología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; CardioREspirAtory Research Laboratory (CREAR), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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5
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Mallada B, Ondráček M, Lamanec M, Gallardo A, Jiménez-Martín A, de la Torre B, Hobza P, Jelínek P. Visualization of π-hole in molecules by means of Kelvin probe force microscopy. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4954. [PMID: 37587123 PMCID: PMC10432393 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40593-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Submolecular charge distribution significantly affects the physical-chemical properties of molecules and their mutual interaction. One example is the presence of a π-electron-deficient cavity in halogen-substituted polyaromatic hydrocarbon compounds, the so-called π-holes, the existence of which was predicted theoretically, but the direct experimental observation is still missing. Here we present the resolution of the π-hole on a single molecule using the Kelvin probe force microscopy, which supports the theoretical prediction of its existence. In addition, experimental measurements supported by theoretical calculations show the importance of π-holes in the process of adsorption of molecules on solid-state surfaces. This study expands our understanding of the π-hole systems and, at the same time, opens up possibilities for studying the influence of submolecular charge distribution on the chemical properties of molecules and their mutual interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Mallada
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacký University Olomouc, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Palacký University Olomouc, Tr. 17. listopadu 12, 771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - M Ondráček
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Lamanec
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Palacký University Olomouc, Tr. 17. listopadu 12, 771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo Námĕstí 542/2, 16000, Prague, Czech Republic
- IT4Innovations, VŠB - Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 2172/15, 708 00, Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
| | - A Gallardo
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - A Jiménez-Martín
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacký University Olomouc, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - B de la Torre
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic.
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacký University Olomouc, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - P Hobza
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo Námĕstí 542/2, 16000, Prague, Czech Republic.
- IT4Innovations, VŠB - Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 2172/15, 708 00, Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic.
| | - P Jelínek
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic.
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacký University Olomouc, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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6
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Gallart-Mateu D, Gallardo A, Garrigues S, de la Guardia M. A green methodology for the determination of cocaine in camouflaged samples. Anal Methods 2023; 15:1969-1978. [PMID: 37051732 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay00113j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
A methodology based on the ultrasound-assisted extraction with ethanol and the dry film attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy (DF-ATR-FTIR) measurement of extracts has been developed for a fast evaluation of non-conventional ("exotic") solid-sized cocaine samples. The method provides quantitative results in less than three minutes with a limit of detection in the solid sample of 1.6 μg g-1 of cocaine with a variation coefficient lower than 7%. Results found for seized samples of different natures were compared with those obtained by a reference gas chromatography method and the greenness of the whole proposed procedure was evaluated and compared using the analytical eco-scale, green analytical procedure index (GAPI), and analytical greenness metric (AGREE). The green evaluation of the proposed methodology provided green scores by considering different evaluation criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Gallart-Mateu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Valencia, Jeroni Munoz Building, 50th Dr Moliner St., 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
| | - A Gallardo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Valencia, Jeroni Munoz Building, 50th Dr Moliner St., 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
| | - S Garrigues
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Valencia, Jeroni Munoz Building, 50th Dr Moliner St., 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
| | - M de la Guardia
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Valencia, Jeroni Munoz Building, 50th Dr Moliner St., 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
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7
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Núñez Silveira JM, Borrajo L, Ruiz VRR, Ceballos I, Ems J, Gallardo A. [Advanced monitoring during weaning of invasive mechanical ventilation in single-lung transplantation]. Medicina (B Aires) 2023; 83:617-621. [PMID: 37582136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Bilateral lung transplantation is the treatment of end-stage lung diseases. However, sometimes a single lung transplant is performed. The technique is not exempt from complications such as acute hyperinflation of the native lung and changes in the diaphragm, predisposing to atelectasis and respiratory failure that can lead to negative results. Therefore, spontaneous breathing trials may fail and delay the weaning process. The combination of advanced monitoring tools, such as electrical impedance tomography and ultrasonography, to diagnose the cause of this failure, recognizing and quantifying the distribution of lung volume and its dynamic behavior could be crucial to improve outcomes. We present the case of a patient with a one-lung transplant and prolonged mechanical ventilation who, after presenting successive failures in the weaning process, underwent advanced monitoring in order to find the causes of the failure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leandro Borrajo
- Unidad de Terapia Intensiva, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Vanesa Ruiz R Ruiz
- Unidad de Terapia Intensiva, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ignacio Ceballos
- Unidad de Terapia Intensiva, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Joaquín Ems
- Unidad de Terapia Intensiva, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Adrián Gallardo
- Servicio de Kinesiología, Sanatorio Clínica Modelo de Morón, Morón, Buenos Aires, Argentina. E-mail:
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Gallardo A, Dévoli AP, Saavedra S, Sepúlveda Barisich P, Gómez-González A, Jones Baro R, Cabrera Schulmeyer MC. Ultrasonografía en cuidados críticos. Rev chil anest 2023. [DOI: 10.25237/revchilanestv5210111052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
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9
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Gallardo A, Nuñez Silveira JM, Izza S, Ríos F. A "Novel" Asynchrony? Chest 2022; 162:e341-e342. [PMID: 36494139 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2022.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Gallardo
- Servicio de Kinesiología, Clínica Modelo de Morón, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Juan M Nuñez Silveira
- Unidad de Terapia Intensiva, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Santiago Izza
- Unidad de Terapia Intensiva, Hospital José María Cullen, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Fernando Ríos
- Unidad de Terapia Intensiva, Hospital Nacional Profesor Alejandro Posadas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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10
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Saavedra SN, Barisich PVS, Maldonado JBP, Lumini RB, Gómez-González A, Gallardo A. Asynchronies during invasive mechanical ventilation: narrative review and update. Acute Crit Care 2022; 37:491-501. [DOI: 10.4266/acc.2022.01158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasive mechanical ventilation is a frequent therapy in critically ill patients in critical care units. To achieve favorable outcomes, patient and ventilator interaction must be adequate. However, many clinical situations could attempt against this principle and generate a mismatch between these two actors. These asynchronies can lead the patient to worst outcomes; because of that is vital to recognize and treat these entities as soon as possible. Early detection and recognition of the different asynchronies could favor the reduction of the days of mechanical ventilation, the days of hospital stay, and in intensive care and improve clinical results.
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11
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Busico M, Laiz MM, Urrutia JG, Amado ME, Villalba D, Saavedra SN, Gallardo A, Thille AW. Strategies to achieve adherence to prone positioning in awake COVID-19 patients with highflow nasal oxygen. A case series. Can J Respir Ther 2022; 58:151-154. [PMID: 36284514 PMCID: PMC9518757 DOI: 10.29390/cjrt-2022-035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The use of high-flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) is a simple method that can reduce intubation in patients with hypoxemic acute respiratory failure (ARF). Early and prolonged prone position has demonstrated benefits on mortality in mechanically ventilated patients and on intubation in awake patients with ARF. However, strategies to achieve adherence to awake prone positioning (APP) have not been previously described. Case and outcomes We present six patients with ARF due to COVID-19 treated with HFNO and APP. The median (p25–75) of PaFiO2 upon admission was 121 (112–175). The average duration of APP on the first day was 16 h (SD 5 h). Duration (median p25–75) in APP for the following 20 days was 13 (10–18) h/day. Several strategies such as the presence of a health care team, recreational activities, adaptation of the circadian rhythm, oral nutritional support, and analgesics were used to improve prone tolerance. None of the patients suffered from delirium, all were ambulating on discharge from the ICU and none require intubation. Conclusion The case series presented show the feasibility of prolonged use of HFNO and APP in patients with COVID-19 and severe persistent hypoxemia and described strategies to enhance adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Busico
- Intensive Care Unit, Clínica Olivos, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Respiratory Therapy Chapter, Sociedad Argentina de Terapia Intensiva, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariela Marisol Laiz
- Intensive Care Unit, Clínica Olivos, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Respiratory Therapy Chapter, Sociedad Argentina de Terapia Intensiva, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - José García Urrutia
- Intensive Care Unit, Clínica Olivos, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Respiratory Therapy Chapter, Sociedad Argentina de Terapia Intensiva, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Darío Villalba
- Respiratory Therapy Chapter, Sociedad Argentina de Terapia Intensiva, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital de Chivilcoy, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Adrián Gallardo
- Intensive Care Unit, Sanatorio Clínica Modelo de Morón, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Arnaud W Thille
- Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
- INSERM Centre d’Investigation Clinique 1402 ALIVE, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
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12
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Gallardo A, Dévoli AP, Arévalo GEB, Saavedra SN, Moracci RS, Pratto RA, Plotnikow GA, Leone JL, Travetto CM. High-Flow Nasal Cannula and Standard Oxygen in Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure Due to COVID-19. Respir Care 2022; 67:respcare.10019. [PMID: 35853703 PMCID: PMC9994023 DOI: 10.4187/respcare.10019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The evidence regarding benefits of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) in patients with COVID-19 is controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of HFNC in comparison with standard oxygen therapy on the frequency of endotracheal intubation at 28 d in subjects with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF) secondary to SARS-CoV-2 infection. METHODS A retrospective, age- and sex-matched-paired, cohort study was conducted in subjects with moderate-to-severe AHRF. Intervention group was treated with HFNC, and control group was treated with standard oxygen therapy. Baseline characteristics and clinical evolution were analyzed. Mantel-Haenszel test was used for categorical variables. Paired samples Wilcoxon test was used for quantitative variables. Multivariate analysis was performed using conditional multiple logistic regression. RESULTS Eighty-four subjects were included. The median time from admission to progression of oxygen therapy to FIO2 ≥ 0.5 or HFNC was 1 (interquartile range [IQR] 0-3) d. PaO2 /FIO2 at the time of oxygen therapy progression showed a median of 150.5 (IQR 100.0-170.0) for the entire sample and was lower in HFNC group compared with control group (median 135 [IQR 96-162] vs median 158 [IQR 132-174], respectively, P = .02). Endotracheal intubation at 28 d was observed in 54.8% HFNC and 73.8% standard oxygen (unadjusted odds ratio 0.38 [95% CI 0.13-1.07], P = .069). In the multivariate analysis, presence of dyspnea at hospital admission, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score, and PaO2 /FIO2 at time of progression of oxygen therapy to FIO2 ≥ 0.5 was identified as confounding factors for the association between the intervention group and the outcome. Use of HFNC was not an independent predictor of endotracheal intubation frequency after adjusting confounders (odds ratio 0.26 [95% CI 0.04-1.51], P = .13). CONCLUSIONS In this study, HFNC therapy in subjects with AHRF secondary to COVID-19 was not an independent predictor of endotracheal intubation, compared with standard oxygen therapy, after adjusting for confounders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Gallardo
- Department of Kinesiology, Respiratory Care Unit, Sanatorio Clínica Modelo de Morón, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Adrián P Dévoli
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sanatorio Clínica Modelo de Morón, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Santiago N Saavedra
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hospital Alemán, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Roque S Moracci
- Department of Kinesiology, Sanatorio Anchorena, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Romina A Pratto
- Department of Kinesiology, Sanatorio Anchorena, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - José L Leone
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clínica Bessone, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carolina M Travetto
- Department of Cardiology, Coronary Unit, Sanatorio Clínica Modelo de Morón, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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13
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Gallardo A, Zamarrón-López E, Deloya-Tomas E, Pérez-Nieto OR. Advantages and limitations of the ROX index. Pulmonology 2022; 28:320-321. [PMID: 35339420 PMCID: PMC8942576 DOI: 10.1016/j.pulmoe.2022.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Gallardo
- Sanatorio Clínica Modelo de Morón, Departamento de Kinesiología, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - E Zamarrón-López
- Hospital General Regional IMSS No. 6, Ciudad Madero, Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, Tamaulipas, México
| | - E Deloya-Tomas
- Hospital General San Juan del Río. Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos
| | - O R Pérez-Nieto
- Hospital General San Juan del Río. Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos
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Zapata J, Gallardo A, Romero C, Valenzuela R, Garcia-Diaz DF, Duarte L, Bustamante A, Gasaly N, Gotteland M, Echeverria F. n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the regulation of adipose tissue browning and thermogenesis in obesity: Potential relationship with gut microbiota. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2022; 177:102388. [PMID: 34995899 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2021.102388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a worldwide public health problem characterized by fat tissue accumulation, favouring adipose tissue and metabolic alterations. Increasing energy expenditure (EE) through brown adipose tissue activation and white adipose tissue (WAT) browning has gained relevance as a therapeutic approach. Different bioactive compounds, such as n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), have been shown to induce those thermogenic effects. This process is regulated by the gut microbiota as well. Nevertheless, obesity is characterized by gut microbiota dysbiosis, which can be restored by weight loss and n-3 PUFA intake, among other factors. Knowledge gap: However, the role of the gut microbiota on the n-3 PUFA effect in inducing thermogenesis in obesity has not been fully elucidated. OBJECTIVE This review aims to elucidate the potential implications of this interrelation on WAT browning adiposw sittue (BAT), BAT activity, and EE regulation in obesity models.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zapata
- Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - A Gallardo
- Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - C Romero
- Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - R Valenzuela
- Departamento de Nutricion, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Nutritional Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto ON, Canada
| | - D F Garcia-Diaz
- Departamento de Nutricion, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - L Duarte
- Departamento de Nutricion, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - A Bustamante
- Departamento de Nutricion, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - N Gasaly
- Departamento de Nutricion, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; ICBM: Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Chile
| | - M Gotteland
- Departamento de Nutricion, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - F Echeverria
- Departamento de Nutricion, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Carrera de Nutricion y Dietetica, Departamento Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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Valle Campanón M, Moreno EM, Gallardo A, Ávila CA, Moreno V, Laffond E, Gracia-Bara MT, Muñoz-Bellido FJ, Martín C, Macías EM, Sobrino M, de Arriba S, Castillo R, Dávila I. Sensitization phenotypes in immediate hypersensitivity to cephalosporins: A cluster analysis study. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2022; 32:479-481. [DOI: 10.18176/jiaci.0785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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16
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Bejarano M, Ramos C, Rosas E, Madera C, Rascón R, Balderas C, Cabrera Á, Rocha U, Fuchs V, Sánchez A, Bermeo E, Guzmán R, Álvarez K, Gallardo A, Hernández E, Sierra M, Acosta G. Risk factors and mortality rate in Covid-19 critically ill patients in Mexico. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2021. [PMCID: PMC8629548 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.09.446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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17
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Mallada B, Gallardo A, Lamanec M, de la Torre B, Špirko V, Hobza P, Jelinek P. Real-space imaging of anisotropic charge of σ-hole by means of Kelvin probe force microscopy. Science 2021; 374:863-867. [PMID: 34762455 DOI: 10.1126/science.abk1479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- B Mallada
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacký University Olomouc, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic.,Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Physical Chemistry, Palacký University Olomouc, tr. 17. listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - A Gallardo
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, V Holešovičkách 2, 180 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Lamanec
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Palacký University Olomouc, tr. 17. listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic.,Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo Námĕstí 542/2, 16000 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - B de la Torre
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacký University Olomouc, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic.,Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - V Špirko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo Námĕstí 542/2, 16000 Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Chemical Physics and Optics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University in Prague, Ke Karlovu 3, 12116 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - P Hobza
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo Námĕstí 542/2, 16000 Prague, Czech Republic.,IT4Innovations, VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15, 70800 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
| | - P Jelinek
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacký University Olomouc, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic.,Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
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18
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Gallardo A, Gracia Bara MT, Moreno EM, Laffond E, Muñoz Bellido FJ, Martin C, Sobrino M, Dávila I. Delayed Reaction to Gadobutrol in a Nurse With Myocarditis After SARS-Cov-2 Infection. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2021; 31:358-359. [PMID: 33970106 DOI: 10.18176/jiaci.0706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Gallardo
- Allergy Service, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - M T Gracia Bara
- Allergy Service, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,IBSAL (Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca), Salamanca, Spain
| | - E M Moreno
- Allergy Service, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,IBSAL (Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca), Salamanca, Spain.,Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, Salamanca Medical School, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,RETIC Asma, Reacciones adversas y Alérgicas (ARADYAL), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Laffond
- Allergy Service, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,IBSAL (Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca), Salamanca, Spain.,Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, Salamanca Medical School, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - F J Muñoz Bellido
- Allergy Service, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,IBSAL (Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca), Salamanca, Spain.,Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, Salamanca Medical School, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - C Martin
- Allergy Service, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - M Sobrino
- Allergy Service, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - I Dávila
- Allergy Service, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,IBSAL (Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca), Salamanca, Spain.,Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, Salamanca Medical School, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,RETIC Asma, Reacciones adversas y Alérgicas (ARADYAL), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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19
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Gallardo A, Dévoli A, Gigliotti C, Hernandez Cedeño J. [The "B-side" of the prone: axonal injury in patients with SARS-CoV-2]. Medicina (B Aires) 2021; 81:865-868. [PMID: 34633966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The prone position for the treatment of hypoxemic acute respiratory failure in patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia, who are critically ill and mechanically ventilated, is well documented. These cases provide information on the most frequent injury locations, severity, and prevalence in affected peripheral nerves, mostly involving the upper limb, as these injuries are not widely discussed in the literature. Furthermore, it is intended to be a starting point to provide intensive care units with a review of their prone application protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Gallardo
- Departamento de Kinesiología Respiratoria, Sanatorio Clínica Modelo de Morón, Buenos Aires, Argentina. E-mail:
| | - Adrián Dévoli
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Sanatorio Clínica Modelo de Morón, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cinthia Gigliotti
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Sanatorio Clínica Modelo de Morón, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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20
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Gaete-Carrasco A, Rosenfeld C, Gallardo A. Análisis epidemiológico del programa de vigilancia activa de Piscirickettsia salmonis del Servicio Nacional de Pesca y Acuicultura de Chile. REV SCI TECH OIE 2020; 38:823-849. [PMID: 32286564 DOI: 10.20506/rst.38.3.3029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Piscirickettsia salmonis is the causative agent of piscirickettsiosis, a disease that causes significant economic losses in salmonid sea farms in Chile. The objective of this study was to determine and describe the geographical distribution, seasonality and time period when P. salmonis was first detected in farms studied under the active surveillance programme for piscirickettsiosis of the National Fisheries and Aquaculture Service of Chile (SERNAPESCA), which was conducted from January 2013 to March 2017. A 0.28% prevalence of piscirickettsiosis was determined in freshwater fish and one of 58.1% in sea farms. The prevalence of P. salmonis was 61.1% in the Aysén region, 59.8% in the Los Lagos region, 5.1% in the Los Ríos region and 3.0% in the Magallanes region. In Los Lagos and Aysén, eight clusters of sea farms were identified, in space and time, as having a positive diagnosis of P. salmonis, whereas, in Magallanes, none was identified, confirming the absence of horizontal transmission or spread of the agent in this geographical area. A seasonal variation was found in the monthly prevalence of P. salmonis, with increases in Salmo salar and Oncorhynchus mykiss in summer and autumn, and in Oncorhynchus kisutch in winter, spring and summer. It was determined that the average time required to detect the agent after fish had been transferred to the sea was 105 days (minimum, 7 days; maximum, 351 days), and no differences were found either between regions or species. Thus the results obtained from the active surveillance programme have helped to increase knowledge of the epidemiology of P. salmonis.
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21
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Jaqueti P, García MI, Campanón-Toro MV, Sobrino M, Gallardo A, Dávila I. Cheilitis Associated With Sensitization to Penicillium notatum in a Clarinetist. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2020; 30:292-293. [PMID: 32101170 DOI: 10.18176/jiaci.0494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P Jaqueti
- Allergy Service, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - M I García
- Microbiology Service, University Hospital of Salamanca and Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - M Sobrino
- Allergy Service, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - A Gallardo
- Allergy Service, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - I Dávila
- Allergy Service, University Hospital of Salamanca and Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain; Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, Salamanca University School of Medicine, Salamanca, Spain
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22
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del Carpio L, Gomila P, Camacho S, Moron S, Riudavets M, Molto C, Bujosa A, Borrell M, Teres R, Martin B, Gallardo P, Acosta E, Tilea L, Soto A, De Quintana C, Craven-Bartle J, Gallardo A, Gomez B, Bonilla S, Gallego O. Impaired survival in resected glioblastoma multiforme patients treated with early chemoradiation. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy273.376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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23
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gallardo
- Shriners Hospital for Children Northern California, Sacramento, CA; UC Davis Medical Center/ Shriners Hospital for Children Northern California, Sacramento, CA
| | - D Neal
- Shriners Hospital for Children Northern California, Sacramento, CA; UC Davis Medical Center/ Shriners Hospital for Children Northern California, Sacramento, CA
| | - T Palmieri
- Shriners Hospital for Children Northern California, Sacramento, CA; UC Davis Medical Center/ Shriners Hospital for Children Northern California, Sacramento, CA
| | - D G Greehalgh
- Shriners Hospital for Children Northern California, Sacramento, CA; UC Davis Medical Center/ Shriners Hospital for Children Northern California, Sacramento, CA
| | - S S Sen
- Shriners Hospital for Children Northern California, Sacramento, CA; UC Davis Medical Center/ Shriners Hospital for Children Northern California, Sacramento, CA
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24
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Gallardo A, Carlos M, Colomer FJ, Edo-Alcón N. Analysis of the waste selective collection at drop-off systems: Case study including the income level and the seasonal variation. Waste Manag Res 2018; 36:30-38. [PMID: 29076776 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x17733539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
There are several factors which have an influence in the selective collection of the municipal waste. To define a selective collection system, the waste generation pattern should be firstly determined and these factors should be analyzed in depth. This paper tries to analyze the economic income level and the seasonal variation on the collection and the purity of light-packaging waste to determine actions to improve the waste management plan of a town. In the first stage of the work, waste samples of the light-packaging containers were collected in two zones of the town with different economic characteristics in different seasons during one year. In the second stage, the samples were characterized to analyze the composition and purity of the waste. They were firstly separated into four fractions: metals; plastic; beverage cartons; and misplaced materials. The misplaced fraction was in its turn separated into cardboard, rubber and leather, inert waste, organic matter, paper, hazardous waste, clothes and shoes, glass and others. The plastic fraction was separated into five types of plastics and the metal fraction into three. In the third stage, the data have been analyzed and conclusions have been extracted. The main result is that the quality of the light-packaging fraction collected in these zones during both seasons were similar. This methodology can be extrapolated to towns with similar characteristics. It will be useful when implementing a system to collect the waste selectively and to develop actions to achieve a good participation in the selective collection of the waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gallardo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Construction, Jaume I University, Spain
| | - M Carlos
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Construction, Jaume I University, Spain
| | - F J Colomer
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Construction, Jaume I University, Spain
| | - N Edo-Alcón
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Construction, Jaume I University, Spain
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25
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Gallardo A, Edo-Alcón N, Carlos M, Renau M. The determination of waste generation and composition as an essential tool to improve the waste management plan of a university. Waste Manag 2016; 53:3-11. [PMID: 27107706 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2016.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
When many people work in organized institutions or enterprises, those institutions or enterprises become big meeting places that also have energy, water and resources necessities. One of these necessities is the correct management of the waste that is daily produced by these communities. Universities are a good example of institution where every day a great amount of people go to work or to study. But independently of their task, they use the different services at the University such as cafeterias, canteens, and photocopy and as a result of their activity a cleaning service is also needed. All these activities generate an environmental impact. Nowadays, many Universities have accepted the challenge to minimize this impact applying several measures. One of the impacts to be reduced is the waste generation. The first step to implement measures to implement a waste management plan at a University is to know the composition, the amount and the distribution of the waste generated in its facilities. As the waste composition and generation depend among other things on the climate, these variables should be analysed over one year. This research work estimates the waste generation and composition of a Spanish University, the Universitat Jaume I, during a school year. To achieve this challenge, all the waste streams generated at the University have been identified and quantified emphasizing on those which are not controlled. Furthermore, several statistical analyses have been carried out to know if the season of the year or the day of the week affect waste generation and composition. All this information will allow the University authorities to propose a set of minimization measures to enhance the current management.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gallardo
- Dept. Mechanical Engineering and Construction, Jaume I University, Av. de Vicent Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Spain.
| | - N Edo-Alcón
- Dept. Mechanical Engineering and Construction, Jaume I University, Av. de Vicent Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Spain.
| | - M Carlos
- Dept. Mechanical Engineering and Construction, Jaume I University, Av. de Vicent Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Spain.
| | - M Renau
- Dept. Mechanical Engineering and Construction, Jaume I University, Av. de Vicent Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Spain.
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Gustafson L, Remmenga M, Sandoval Del Valle O, Ibarra R, Antognoli M, Gallardo A, Rosenfeld C, Doddis J, Enriquez Sais R, Bell E, Lara Fica M. Area contact networks and the spatio-temporal spread of infectious salmon anemia virus (ISAV) in Chile. Prev Vet Med 2016; 125:135-46. [PMID: 26774449 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Revised: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/03/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Area management, the coordination of production and biosecurity practices across neighboring farms, is an important disease control strategy in aquaculture. Area management in aquaculture escalated in prominence in response to outbreaks of infectious salmon anemia (ISA) internationally. Successes in disease control have been attributed to the separation achieved through area-level synchronized stocking, fallowing, movement restrictions, and fomite or pest control. Area management, however, is costly; often demanding extra biosecurity, lengthy or inconveniently timed fallows, and localization of equipment, personnel, and services. Yet, this higher-order organizational structure has received limited epidemiologic attention. Chile's National Fisheries and Aquaculture Service instigated area management practices in response to the 2007 emergence of ISA virus (ISAV). Longitudinal data simultaneously collected allowed retrospective evaluation of the impact of component tenets on virus control. Spatiotemporal analyses identified hydrographic linkages, shared ports, and fish transfers from areas with recent occurrence of ISAV as the strongest predictors of virus spread between areas, though specifics varied by ISAV type (here categorized as HPR0 for the non-virulent genotypes, and HPRv otherwise). Hydrographic linkages were most predictive in the period before implementation of enhanced biosecurity and fallowing regulations, suggesting that viral load can impact spread dynamics. HPR0 arose late in the study period, so few HPRv events were available by which to explore the hypothesis of HPR0 as progenitor of outbreaks. However, spatiotemporal patterns in HPRv occurrence were predictive of subsequent patterns in HPR0 detection, suggesting a parallel, or dependent, means of spread. Better data precision, breadth and consistency, common challenges for retrospective studies, could improve model fit; and, for HPR0, specification of diagnostic test accuracy would improve interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Gustafson
- USDA APHIS VS Centers for Epidemiology and Animal Health, Surveillance Design and Analysis, 2150 Centre Ave, Fort Collins, CO 80526-8117, United States.
| | - M Remmenga
- USDA APHIS VS Centers for Epidemiology and Animal Health, Surveillance Design and Analysis, 2150 Centre Ave, Fort Collins, CO 80526-8117, United States
| | - O Sandoval Del Valle
- Sernapesca, Chile's National Fisheries and Aquaculture Service, Victoria 2832, Valparaiso, Chile
| | - R Ibarra
- SalmonChile, Department of Fish Health, Instituto Tecnologico del Salmon, Av. Juan Soler Manfredini 41, OF 1802 Puerto Montt, Chile
| | - M Antognoli
- USDA APHIS VS Centers for Epidemiology and Animal Health, Surveillance Design and Analysis, 2150 Centre Ave, Fort Collins, CO 80526-8117, United States
| | - A Gallardo
- Sernapesca, Chile's National Fisheries and Aquaculture Service, Victoria 2832, Valparaiso, Chile
| | - C Rosenfeld
- Instituto de Medicina Preventiva Veterinaria Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias Universidad Austral de Chile Campus Isla Teja s/n, Valdivia, Chile
| | - J Doddis
- Instituto de Medicina Preventiva Veterinaria Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias Universidad Austral de Chile Campus Isla Teja s/n, Valdivia, Chile
| | - R Enriquez Sais
- Lab de Biotecnologia y Patologia Acuatica Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias Universidad Austral de Chile Campus Isla Teja s/n, Valdivia, Chile
| | - E Bell
- Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, 4300 Cherry Creek Drive South, Denver, CO 80246, United States
| | - M Lara Fica
- Sernapesca, Chile's National Fisheries and Aquaculture Service, Victoria 2832, Valparaiso, Chile
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Mallol J, Aguirre V, Córdova P, Cortez E, Gallardo A, Riquelme C. Fraction of exhaled nitric oxide in healthy Chilean schoolchildren aged 8-15 years. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2015; 43:528-32. [PMID: 25456527 DOI: 10.1016/j.aller.2014.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) measured using portable devices is increasingly used in the clinical setting to assess asthmatic children. However, there is little and variable information on the reference values obtained using these devices in healthy children from different populations. METHODS 190 healthy non-smoker children (8-15 years old) were randomly selected from public schools participating in this study. The objective was to determine FENO reference values for healthy Chilean schoolchildren. Healthy individuals were identified by medical interview and parent questionnaire on the use of asthma medications, and current and past symptoms of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema. FENO was measured at schools using a portable device with electrochemical sensor (NIO MINOX). Reference values of FENO were expressed as geometric mean and upper limit of the 95% reference interval (right-sided). The relationship of FENO with gender, age, height, body mass, and other factors was assessed by multiple regression, and the difference between groups was contrasted by ANOVA. RESULTS The FENO geometric mean was 15.4ppb with a 95% reference interval upper limit (right-sided), of 27.4ppb (90%CI 25.6-29.2). The 5th and 95th percentiles were 9.0ppb and 28.0ppb, respectively. Height was the only factor significantly associated to FENO (p=0.022). There was no significant difference in mean FENO regarding age, gender, weight, parent reported rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema. CONCLUSION This study suggests that FENO values higher than 27ppb are likely to be abnormal and would reflect airway inflammation in children as those in the present study.
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Gallardo A, Carlos M, Peris M, Colomer FJ. Methodology to design a municipal solid waste generation and composition map: a case study. Waste Manag 2015; 36:1-11. [PMID: 25443095 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2014.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The municipal solid waste (MSW) management is an important task that local governments as well as private companies must take into account to protect human health, the environment and to preserve natural resources. To design an adequate MSW management plan the first step consists in defining the waste generation and composition patterns of the town. As these patterns depend on several socio-economic factors it is advisable to organize them previously. Moreover, the waste generation and composition patterns may vary around the town and over the time. Generally, the data are not homogeneous around the city as the number of inhabitants is not constant nor it is the economic activity. Therefore, if all the information is showed in thematic maps, the final waste management decisions can be made more efficiently. The main aim of this paper is to present a structured methodology that allows local authorities or private companies who deal with MSW to design its own MSW management plan depending on the available data. According to these data, this paper proposes two ways of action: a direct way when detailed data are available and an indirect way when there is a lack of data and it is necessary to take into account bibliographic data. In any case, the amount of information needed is considerable. This paper combines the planning methodology with the Geographic Information Systems to present the final results in thematic maps that make easier to interpret them. The proposed methodology is a previous useful tool to organize the MSW collection routes including the selective collection. To verify the methodology it has been successfully applied to a Spanish town.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gallardo
- Dept. Mechanical Engineering and Construction, Jaume I University, Av. de Vicent Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Spain.
| | - M Carlos
- Dept. Mechanical Engineering and Construction, Jaume I University, Av. de Vicent Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Spain.
| | - M Peris
- Dept. Mechanical Engineering and Construction, Jaume I University, Av. de Vicent Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Spain.
| | - F J Colomer
- Dept. Mechanical Engineering and Construction, Jaume I University, Av. de Vicent Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Spain.
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Redondo J, Velasco D, Pérez-Perrino M, Reinecke H, Gallardo A, Pandit A, Elvira C. Synergistic effect of pendant hydroxypropyl and pyrrolidine moieties randomly distributed along polymethacrylamide backbones on in vitro DNA-transfection. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2015; 90:38-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2014.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Revised: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Arjona-Sánchez A, Sánchez-Hidalgo J, Ciria-Bru R, Muñoz-Casares F, Ruiz-Rabelo J, Gallardo A, Orti R, Luque A, Rufián-Peña S, López-Cillero P, de la Mata M, Briceño-Delgado F. Prediction Model to Discard A Priori Liver Allografts. Transplant Proc 2014; 46:3076-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2014.09.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Gallardo A, Carlos M, Peris M, Colomer FJ. Methodology to design a municipal solid waste generation and composition map: a case study. Waste Manag 2014; 34:1920-1931. [PMID: 25008298 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2014.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Revised: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The municipal solid waste (MSW) management is an important task that local governments as well as private companies must take into account to protect human health, the environment and to preserve natural resources. To design an adequate MSW management plan the first step consist in defining the waste generation and composition patterns of the town. As these patterns depend on several socio-economic factors it is advisable to organize them previously. Moreover, the waste generation and composition patterns may vary around the town and over the time. Generally, the data are not homogeneous around the city as the number of inhabitants is not constant nor it is the economic activity. Therefore, if all the information is showed in thematic maps, the final waste management decisions can be made more efficiently. The main aim of this paper is to present a structured methodology that allows local authorities or private companies who deal with MSW to design its own MSW management plan depending on the available data. According to these data, this paper proposes two ways of action: a direct way when detailed data are available and an indirect way when there is a lack of data and it is necessary to take into account bibliographic data. In any case, the amount of information needed is considerable. This paper combines the planning methodology with the Geographic Information Systems to present the final results in thematic maps that make easier to interpret them. The proposed methodology is a previous useful tool to organize the MSW collection routes including the selective collection. To verify the methodology it has been successfully applied to a Spanish town.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gallardo
- Dept. Mechanical Engineering and Construction, Jaume I University, Av. de Vicent Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Spain.
| | - M Carlos
- Dept. Mechanical Engineering and Construction, Jaume I University, Av. de Vicent Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Spain.
| | - M Peris
- Dept. Mechanical Engineering and Construction, Jaume I University, Av. de Vicent Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Spain.
| | - F J Colomer
- Dept. Mechanical Engineering and Construction, Jaume I University, Av. de Vicent Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Spain.
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Téllez-Gabriel M, Gallardo A, Arroyo-Solera I, Navas L, León X, Quer M, Barnadas A, Mangues R, Pavon M. 691: SERPINE1 immunostaining is associated with clinical outcome in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Eur J Cancer 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(14)50610-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Peiró G, Ortiz-Martínez F, Gallardo A, Pérez-Balaguer A, Sánchez-Payá J, Ponce JJ, Tibau A, López-Vilaro L, Escuin D, Adrover E, Barnadas A, Lerma E. Src, a potential target for overcoming trastuzumab resistance in HER2-positive breast carcinoma. Br J Cancer 2014; 111:689-95. [PMID: 24937674 PMCID: PMC4134494 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Src is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase involved in signalling and crosstalk between growth-promoting pathways. We aim to investigate the relationship of active Src in response to trastuzumab of HER2-positive breast carcinomas. METHODS We selected 278 HER2-positive breast cancer patients with (n=154) and without (n=124) trastuzumab treatment. We performed immunohistochemistry on paraffin-embedded tissue microarrays of active Src and several proteins involved in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, PIK3CA mutational analysis and in vitro studies (SKBR3 and BT474 cancer cells). The results were correlated with clinicopathological factors and patients' outcome. RESULTS Increased pSrc-Y416 was demonstrated in trastuzumab-resistant cells and in 37.8% of tumours that correlated positively with tumour size, necrosis, mitosis, metastasis to the central nervous system, p53 overexpression and MAPK activation but inversely with EGFR and p27. Univariate analyses showed an association of increased active Src with shorter survival in patients at early stage with HER2/hormone receptor-negative tumours treated with trastuzumab. CONCLUSIONS Src activation participates in trastuzumab mechanisms of resistance and indicates poor prognosis, mainly in HER2/hormone receptor-negative breast cancer. Therefore, blocking this axis may be beneficial in those patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Peiró
- 1] Department of Pathology, University General Hospital of Alicante, Pintor Baeza 12, Alicante 03010, Spain [2] Research Unit, University General Hospital of Alicante, Pintor Baeza 12, Alicante 03010, Spain
| | - F Ortiz-Martínez
- Research Unit, University General Hospital of Alicante, Pintor Baeza 12, Alicante 03010, Spain
| | - A Gallardo
- Department of Pathology, Clinica Girona, Joan Maragall 16, Girona 17003, Spain
| | - A Pérez-Balaguer
- Research Unit, University General Hospital of Alicante, Pintor Baeza 12, Alicante 03010, Spain
| | - J Sánchez-Payá
- Department of Epidemiology, University General Hospital of Alicante, Pintor Baeza 12, Alicante 03010, Spain
| | - J J Ponce
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University General Hospital of Alicante, Pintor Baeza 12, Alicante 03010, Spain
| | - A Tibau
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Sant Quintí 87-89, Barcelona 08041, Spain
| | - L López-Vilaro
- Department of Pathology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Sant Quintí 87-89, Barcelona 08041, Spain
| | - D Escuin
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Sant Quintí 87-89, Barcelona 08041, Spain Barcelona, Spain
| | - E Adrover
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University General Hospital of Albacete, Hermanos Falcó s/n, Albacete 02006, Spain
| | - A Barnadas
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Sant Quintí 87-89, Barcelona 08041, Spain
| | - E Lerma
- Department of Pathology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Sant Quintí 87-89, Barcelona 08041, Spain
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Gallardo A, Guil JM, Lomba E, Almarza NG, Khatib SJ, Cabrillo C, Sanz A, Pires J. Adsorption of probe molecules in pillared interlayered clays: experiment and computer simulation. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:224701. [PMID: 24929408 DOI: 10.1063/1.4880962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper we investigate the adsorption of various probe molecules in order to characterize the porous structure of a series of pillared interlayered clays (PILC). To that aim, volumetric and microcalorimetric adsorption experiments were performed on various Zr PILC samples using nitrogen, toluene, and mesitylene as probe molecules. For one of the samples, neutron scattering experiments were also performed using toluene as adsorbate. Various structural models are proposed and tested by means of a comprehensive computer simulation study, using both geometric and percolation analysis in combination with Grand Canonical Monte Carlo simulations in order to model the volumetric and microcalorimetric isotherms. On the basis of this analysis, we propose a series of structural models that aim at accounting for the adsorption experimental behavior, and make possible a microscopic interpretation of the role played by the different interactions and steric effects in the adsorption processes in these rather complex disordered microporous systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gallardo
- Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano, CSIC, Serrano 119, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - J M Guil
- Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano, CSIC, Serrano 119, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - E Lomba
- Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano, CSIC, Serrano 119, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - N G Almarza
- Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano, CSIC, Serrano 119, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - S J Khatib
- Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano, CSIC, Serrano 119, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - C Cabrillo
- Instituto de Estructura de la Materia, CSIC, Serrano 123, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - A Sanz
- Instituto de Estructura de la Materia, CSIC, Serrano 123, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Pires
- Centro de Química e Bioquímica da Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
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Gallego O, Cuatrecasas M, Benavides M, Segura PP, Berrocal A, Erill N, Colomer A, Quintana MJ, Balaña C, Gil M, Gallardo A, Murata P, Barnadas A. Efficacy of erlotinib in patients with relapsed gliobastoma multiforme who expressed EGFRVIII and PTEN determined by immunohistochemistry. J Neurooncol 2013; 116:413-9. [PMID: 24352766 PMCID: PMC3890043 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-013-1316-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor gene (EGFR) alteration is a common feature in most of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Robust response of anti-EGFR treatments has been mostly associated with the EGFR deletion mutant variant III (EGFRvIII) and expression of PTEN. We have performed a prospective trial in order to confirm the efficacy of erlotinib treatment in patients with relapsed GBM who expressed EGFRvIII and PTEN. All patients included in the trial were required to be PTEN (+++), EGFR (+++) and EGFRvIII (+++) positives by immunohistochemistry. This new phase II trial enrolled 40 patients and was design to be stopped in case of fewer than two responses in the first 13 patients. Patient eligibility included histopathology criteria, radiological progression, more than 18 years old, Karnofsky performed status, KPS > 50, and adequate bone marrow and organ function. There was no limit to the number of prior treatments for relapses. No enzyme-inducing antiepileptic drugs were allowed. The primary endpoints were response and progression-free survival at 6 months (PFS6). Thirteen patients (6 men, 7 women) with recurrent GBM received erlotinib 150 mg/day. Median age was 53 years, median KPS was 80, and median prior treatments for relapses were 2. There was one partial response and three stable diseases (one at 18 months). PFS at 6 months was 20 %. Dose reduction for toxicity was not needed in any patient. Dermatitis was the main treatment-related toxicity, grade 1 in 8 patients and grade 2 in 5 patients. No grade 3 toxicity was observed. Median survival was 7 months (95 % IC 1.41–4.7). As conclusion, monotherapy with erlotinib in GBM relapses patients with high protein expression for PTEN (+++), EGFR (+++), and EGFRvlII (+++) showed low toxicity but minimal efficacy and the trial stopped.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Gallego
- Medical Oncology Service, Santa Creu i Sant Pau Hospital, Sant Antoni Mº Claret nº 167, 08025, Barcelona, Spain,
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Castro-Díez P, Godoy O, Alonso A, Gallardo A, Saldaña A. What explains variation in the impacts of exotic plant invasions on the nitrogen cycle? A meta-analysis. Ecol Lett 2013; 17:1-12. [PMID: 24134461 DOI: 10.1111/ele.12197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2013] [Revised: 03/20/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Exotic plant invasions can notably alter the nitrogen (N) cycle of ecosystems. However, there is large variation in the magnitude and direction of their impact that remains unexplained. We present a structured meta-analysis of 100 papers, covering 113 invasive plant species with 345 cases of invasion across the globe and reporting impacts on N cycle-related metrics. We aim to explain heterogeneity of impacts by considering methodological aspects, properties of the invaded site and phylogenetic and functional characteristics of the invaders and the natives. Overall, plant invasions increased N pools and accelerated fluxes, even when excluding N-fixing invaders. The impact on N pools depended mainly on functional differences and was greater when the invasive plants and the natives differed in N-fixation ability, plant height and plant/leaf habit. Furthermore, the impact on N fluxes was related mainly to climate, being greater under warm and moist conditions. Our findings show that more functionally distant invaders occurring in mild climates are causing the strongest alterations to the N cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Castro-Díez
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida (Unidad Docente de Ecología), Facultad de Biología, Ciencias Ambientales y Química, Universidad de Alcalá. Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33, 6. 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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Sheppard G, Gallardo A, Hall J, Strizek M. Managing the cumulative groundwater impacts of multiple iron ore projects at Cape Preston (or ... one plus one plus one plus one does not equal four). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1179/174328610x12682159814911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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38
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Mangues R, Céspedes M, Guillén M, Alamo P, López R, Gallardo A, Nuñez P, Cuevas C, Aviles P. 223 Lurbinectedin (PM01183) Synergizes with Gemcitabine in NSCLC, Ovarian and Pancreas Tumor Xenografts. Eur J Cancer 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(12)72021-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Aviles P, Céspedes M, Guillén M, Alamo P, Bishop A, Gallardo A, Pernice T, Mangues R, Cuevas C. 222 Lurbinectedin (PM01183): Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) Properties in Pancreas, Ovarian and NSCLC Xenografts. Eur J Cancer 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(12)72020-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Llorens E, Gallardo A, García-Agustín P, Lapeña L, Molina M. RESPONSE OF TOMATO CROPS (SOLANUM LYCOPERSICUM 'MONTECARLO') TO SEWAGE SLUDGE-BASED COMPOST FERTILIZATION. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.17660/actahortic.2012.933.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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41
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Gallardo A, Picollo MI, González-Audino P, Mougabure-Cueto G. Insecticidal activity of individual and mixed monoterpenoids of geranium essential oil against Pediculus humanus capitis (Phthiraptera: Pediculidae). J Med Entomol 2012; 49:332-335. [PMID: 22493851 DOI: 10.1603/me11142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The major components of geranium (Geranium maculatum L.) oil and their mixtures were tested against female Pediculus humanus capitis De Geer (Phthiraptera: Pediculidae). Chemical analysis by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry revealed four major constituents: citronellol (38%), geraniol (16%), citronellyl formate (10.4%), and linalool (6.45%) (concentration expressed as percentage of total). Topical application demonstrated that the most potent component was citronellol and geraniol, with LD50 values 9.7 and 12.7 microg/insect, respectively. Linalool and Citronellyl formate were less toxic with LD50 values 24.7 and 38.5 microg/insect, respectively. Toxicity of these four major constituents in the same proportion as the natural oil, was greater than whole oil and each individual component. Removal of any four constituents produced a decreased in effectiveness. The absence of citronellol caused the greatest decrease in toxicity (DL50 from 2.2 to 10.9 microg/insect), leading us to conclude that this constituent is the major contributor to oil toxicity. The knowledge of the role of each constituent in the toxicity of the whole oil gives the possibility to create artificial blends of different constituents for the development of more effective control agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gallardo
- Centro de Investigaciones de Plagas e Insecticidas (CONICET-CITEDEF), Juan Bautista de la Salle 4397 (B1603ALO), Villa Martelli, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Bovea MD, Ibáñez-Forés V, Gallardo A, Colomer-Mendoza FJ. Environmental assessment of alternative municipal solid waste management strategies. A Spanish case study. Waste Manag 2010; 30:2383-2395. [PMID: 20381331 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2010.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2009] [Revised: 02/04/2010] [Accepted: 03/01/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to compare, from an environmental point of view, different alternatives for the management of municipal solid waste generated in the town of Castellón de la Plana (Spain). This town currently produces 207 ton of waste per day and the waste management system employed today involves the collection of paper/cardboard, glass and light packaging from materials banks and of rest waste at street-side containers. The proposed alternative scenarios were based on a combination of the following elements: selective collection targets to be accomplished by the year 2015 as specified in the Spanish National Waste Plan (assuming they are reached to an extent of 50% and 100%), different collection models implemented nationally, and diverse treatments of both the separated biodegradable fraction and the rest waste to be disposed of on landfills. This resulted in 24 scenarios, whose environmental behaviour was studied by applying the life cycle assessment methodology. In accordance with the ISO 14040-44 (2006) standard, an inventory model was developed for the following stages of the waste management life cycle: pre-collection (bags and containers), collection, transport, pre-treatment (waste separation) and treatment/disposal (recycling, composting, biogasification+composting, landfill with/without energy recovery). Environmental indicators were obtained for different impact categories, which made it possible to identify the key variables in the waste management system and the scenario that offers the best environmental behaviour. Finally, a sensitivity analysis was used to test some of the assumptions made in the initial life cycle inventory model.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Bovea
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica y Construcción, Universitat Jaume I, Av. Sos Baynat s/n, E-12071 Castellón, Spain.
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Pedroni E, Garcia M, Espinola V, Guerrero A, Gonzalez C, Olea A, Calvo M, Martorell B, Winkler M, Carrasco M, Vergara J, Ulloa J, Carrazana A, Mujica O, Villarroel J, Labrana M, Vargas M, Gonzalez P, Caceres L, Zamorano C, Momberg R, Munoz G, Rocco J, Bosque V, Gallardo A, Elgueta J, Vega J. Outbreak of 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1), Los Lagos, Chile, April-June 2009. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 15. [PMID: 20067745 DOI: 10.2807/ese.15.01.19456-en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
On 17 May 2009, the first two cases of 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) were confirmed in the Metropolitan region (Santiago, Chile). On 6 June 2009, Chile reported 500 confirmed cases, seven severe and two fatal. Because six of the severe cases and the two deaths occurred in the region of Los Lagos in southern Chile, a retrospective study was conducted using data on emergency room visits as well as laboratory viral surveillance, during the period from 1 April to 31 May, in order to establish the date of the beginning of the outbreak. From 1 to 27 June, data were collected in real time, to establish the real magnitude of the outbreak, describe its transmission, clinical severity and secondary attack rates. Confirmed cases, their household contacts and healthcare workers were interviewed. This analysis showed that the outbreak in Los Lagos started on 28 April. By 27 June, a total of 14.559 clinical cases were identified, affecting mostly 5-19 year-olds. The effective reproduction number during the initial phase (20 days) was 1.8 (1.6-2.0). Of the 190 confirmed cases with severe acute respiratory infection, 71 (37.4%) presented a risk condition or underlying illness.
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Affiliation(s)
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- The Ministry of Health Task Force is integrated by experts of the Ministry of Heath (Epidemiology, Health care services, Clinicians, Laboratory), Scientific and Medical Society Experts, Santiago, Chile
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Almarza NG, Gallardo A, Martín C, Guil JM, Lomba E. Topological considerations on microporous adsorption processes in simple models for pillared interlayered clays. J Chem Phys 2009; 131:244701. [PMID: 20059093 DOI: 10.1063/1.3273209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The microporous structure of pillared interlayered clays is determined by their interlayer separation and the distribution of the pillars that separate their layers. The pillars provide stability to these quasi-two-dimensional high surface area materials. In this work we present a topological analysis of available and accessible volumes within various simple models of pillared interlayered clays. Each model is characterized by a distribution of pillars. Both fully ordered structures and disordered pillar distributions with either attractive or repulsive interpillar correlations are considered. Particular attention is paid to the problem of accessibility. In systems with similar degrees of porosity, even when cavities within each model might be able to host the same adsorbate molecules, their accessibility will strongly depend on the pillar distribution. The theoretical analysis presented in this work may facilitate the interpretation of experimental results, pointing out those quantities that are key to describe the texture of the porous material.
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Affiliation(s)
- N G Almarza
- Instituto de Química-Física Rocasolano, CSIC, Serrano 119, E-28006 Madrid, Spain.
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Tibau A, Ojeda M, Nadal R, Gallardo A, Altozano JP, Sala N, Mazarico J, Boguña I, Artigas V, Barnadas A. 8026 The predictive and prognostic value of serum CA125 kinetics and CA125 nadir during paclitaxel/platinum based chemotherapy (QT) in patients with advanced ovarian carcinoma (OC). EJC Suppl 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(09)71548-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Tibau A, Ojeda B, Nadal R, Pérez Altozano J, Boguña I, Artigas V, Gallardo A, Pérez C, Lopez J, Barnadas A. The predictive and prognostic value of serum CA 125 kinetics and CA 125 nadir during paclitaxel/platinum based chemotherapy in patients with advanced ovarian carcinoma. J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e16534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e16534 Background: The tumor marker CA 125 is an accurate and reliable marker for monitoring the response to treatment and detecting early relapse in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). The aim of this retrospective study is to analyze the predictive and prognostic value of CA 125 kinetics and the implications of the different levels of CA 125 within the normal range after chemotherapy (CT). Methods: Between 1996 and 2008, 127 patients (pts) were treated with standard CT regimen for FIGO stage IIb-IV EOC. Median age was 64 years (24–87). Tumors were classified: 70 (55%) serous, 24 (19%) poorly differentiated, 14 (11%) endometrioid and 19 (15%) clear cell carcinoma. FIGO stage: 12 (9%) II; 95 (75%) III; and 20 (16%) IV. Tumor grade: 1 (1%) G1; 11 (9%) G2; and 115 (90%) G3. Residual disease after initial surgery: 52 (41%) optimal <2cm and 39 (31%) suboptimal. After surgery, 117 (92%) of the pts received a median of 6 cycles/patient with platinum based (cisplatin or carboplatin) CT in combination with paclitaxel. Median follow-up was 31 months. 93 (73%) pts achieved levels <35 U/ml after CT. Survival analyses for disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) used univariate (Kaplan-Meier) and multivariate (Cox) model. Results: For 127 stage IIb-IV pts, 88 (69%) relapsed and 60 (47%) died from EOC. The median DFS for 3 groups 1, 2 and 3, was 34, 20, 14 months, respectively (p < 0.0001). The median OS for 3 groups was 7.5, 3 and 3 years, respectively (p < 0.0001). Pre-CT Ca 125 (p < 0.002), and time to negativization (p < 0.043) all had a univariate prognostic value for DFS and OS. In Cox models, FIGO stage (p < 0.0001) and nadir concentration (p < 0.0001) were the most powerful prognostic factors for DFS and OS. We found no differences in DFS and OS related to time to nadir. Conclusions: Serum CA 125 kinetics during early CT has a strong predictive and prognostic relevance for patients with advanced EOC. Within normal range, the differences between CA 125 levels could add prognostic information, stratify pts according to the risk of progression and would be a useful tool when performing consolidation CT in future clinical trials. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Tibau
- Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - B. Ojeda
- Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R. Nadal
- Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J. Pérez Altozano
- Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - I. Boguña
- Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - V. Artigas
- Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A. Gallardo
- Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C. Pérez
- Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J. Lopez
- Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A. Barnadas
- Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
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Nadal R, Romero ML, Ojeda B, Gallardo A, Rodríguez M, Boguñà I, Gich I, Prat J, Barnadas A. Microtubule-regulatory phosphoproteins and NER system are involved in platinum and paclitaxel-based chemotherapy resistance in ovarian cancer. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.5567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
5567 Background: The treatment of ovarian cancer is hindered by intrinsic resistance to platinum and paclitaxel-based chemotherapy (CT). Nucleotide excision repair system plays a central role in DNA repair and is related with resistance to platinum compounds. Excision repair cross-complementation 1 (ERCC1) and 3 (ERCC3) genes confer a differential sensitivity to CT. OP18/stathmin and mDIA are involved in regulation of microtubules dynamics and may represent a mechanism of resistance to paclitaxel. Both mechanisms have been recently investigated in ovarian cancer (OC). Methods: Formalin and paraffin-embedded tissues obtained from 33 patients with advanced OC were retrospectively collected to investigate ERCC1, ERCC3, OP18, and mDIA mRNA levels by quantitative RT- PCR. All patients received a median of 6 cycles platinum based CT in combination with taxanes. Median age was 62 years. Tumors were classified: 52% serous, 9% endometrioid, 27% clear cell, and 12% poorly differentiated carcinomas. FIGO stage: 4 (12%) stage II, 19 (58%) stage III, and 10 (30%) stage IV. 12 chemoresistant tumors (time to recurrence (TTR) < 6 months) and 21 chemosensitive tumors (TTR = 6 months) were analyzed. Median follow-up was 31 months. Results: An increase in mRNA levels was consistently observed in the chemoresistent group: 1.9-fold increased in ERCC1 and 1.6-fold increased in ERCC3. Both genes exhibited comparable expression levels. Statistically significant differences on ERCC1 and ERCC3 mRNA levels were encountered when chemoresistant and chemosensitive tumors were compared (p=0.01 and p= 0.03, respectively). Statistically differences on OP18 mRNA levels were found when chemoresistant and chemosensitive tumors were compared (p=0.05). No differences in mDIA mRNA levels were encountered. Conclusions: Our results suggest that determination of ERCC1-ERCC3 before chemotherapy is potentially useful to predict the effectiveness of platinum-based therapy. Microtubule drug resistance in OC may be associated with altered OP18/stathmin expression. Novel treatment approaches based on molecular markers could be useful predictors of response and could identify targets for therapeutic strategies. Further studies are required. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Nadal
- Hospital De Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - B. Ojeda
- Hospital De Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - I. Boguñà
- Hospital De Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - I. Gich
- Hospital De Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J. Prat
- Hospital De Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract
AIM To determine the frequency with which the histopathological diagnosis of periapical lesions contributes to a change in the clinical diagnosis. METHODOLOGY Cases having a clinical diagnosis of disease resulting from dental pulp necrosis were selected from the database of the Oral Pathology Reference Institute between 1975 and 2005. Cases with different histopathological diagnoses were determined and information about age and gender of the patient, location of associated tooth, pulp status and the histopathological diagnosis were recorded. The percentage of nonendodontic periapical lesions was then determined. RESULTS In the 30-year period, 32,423 [corrected] biopsy specimens were received. Overall 4006 (9.13%) had a clinical diagnosis of pulpal necrosis with associated pathosis in the periradicular area. Within this group, 26 cases (0.65%) had a histopathological diagnosis of nonendodontic pathology. Keratocystic odontogenic tumour was the most frequent nonendodontic lesion (11 cases) in the periradicular region followed by central giant cell granuloma (three cases), chronic sinusitis (three cases) and one case each of the following lesions: nasopalatine duct cyst, lateral periodontal cyst, calcifying cystic odontogenic tumour, ameloblastic fibroma, squamous odontogenic tumour, cemental dysplasia, haemangioma, foreign body cell granuloma and amalgam tattoo. CONCLUSIONS The histopathological study of periapical pathosis can occasionally reveal nonendodontic lesions. Odontogenic tumours made up the largest group.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ortega
- Department of Oral Pathology and Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Odontology, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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Estevao Belchior S, Gallardo A, Abalos A, Díaz Y, Alvarez L, Callejo R, Prieto M, Jodor N, Jensen O. [Diagnosis of caseous lymphadenitis in sheep from Patagonia]. Rev Argent Microbiol 2007; 39:44-6. [PMID: 17593581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Caseous lymphadenitis (CLA) is a chronic bacterial, infectious and contagious disease caused by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. It affects sheep and results in abscesses of the lymph nodes in subcutaneous tissue, as well as in internal organs such as lungs, liver and kidneys. Differential diagnosis of the disease is based on the isolation and biochemical identification of the etiological agent. The purpose of this study was to characterize the bacteria isolated from typical CLA lesions in sheep from Patagonia, Argentina, at metabolic and genetic levels. Macroscopic observations show a fibrous membrane containing caseous necrotic tissue. Histopathological analysis shows an eosinophilic necrotic area surrounded by epitheloid cells and polymorphonuclear infiltration. Other analyses performed such as microscopic observations, in vitro culture, biochemical tests and 16s rDNA sequencing confirmed diagnosis of caseous lymphadenitis due to C. pseudotuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Estevao Belchior
- Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco, Ciudad Universitaria Km 4 (9000) Comodoro Rivadavia, Chubut, Argentina.
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