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Yousef RG, Eissa IH, Elkady H, Eldehna WM, Mehany ABM, Nabeeh A, Ibrahim IM, Elwan A, El-Zahabi MA. New nicotinamide derivatives as potential anticancer agents targeting VEGFR-2: design, synthesis, in vitro, and in silico studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-18. [PMID: 38100580 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2294170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Herin, new nicotinamide candidates were designed and synthesized as VEGFR-2 inhibitors. In vitro antiproliferative activities were assessed against MCF-7, HepG-2 and HCT-116 cancer cell lines. The top cytotoxic members 15a, 15b, 16, 18a, and 18b were estimated against their selected target (VEGFR-2). Further mechanistic tests were studied for the most potent cytotoxic candidate 18a, these studies revealed the ability of compound 18a to hinder the progression of HCT-116 cells at S and Pre-G1phases besides boosting early and late apoptosis. Also compound 18a was found to significantly decrease the levels immunomodulatory proteins TNF-α and IL-6 while showing a four-fold rise in an apoptotic marker caspase-3 when compared to control cells. The therapeutic index of the designed derivatives was evaluated by computational ADMET and toxicity calculations as well as their potentiality to occupy the VEGFR-2 active site was signposted by molecular docking assessments. Finally, molecular dynamic simulation studies of compound 18a-VEGFR-2 complex indicated the high steadiness of compound 18a in the VEGFR-2 active site. This study presents compound 18a as a lead candidate that can be optimized to get a strong VEGFR-2 inhibitor.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reda G Yousef
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim H Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hazem Elkady
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Wagdy M Eldehna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Ahmed B M Mehany
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Nabeeh
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim M Ibrahim
- Biophysics Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Alaa Elwan
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Ayman El-Zahabi
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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2
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Abo Al-Hamd MG, Tawfik HO, Abdullah O, Yamaguchi K, Sugiura M, Mehany ABM, El-Hamamsy MH, El-Moselhy TF. Recruitment of hexahydroquinoline as anticancer scaffold targeting inhibition of wild and mutants EGFR (EGFR WT, EGFR T790M, and EGFR L858R). J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:2241674. [PMID: 37548154 PMCID: PMC10408569 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2023.2241674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hexahydroquinoline (HHQ) scaffold was constructed and recruited for development of new series of anticancer agents. Thirty-two new compounds were synthesised where x-ray crystallography was performed to confirm enantiomerism. Thirteen compounds showed moderate to good activity against NCI 60 cancer cell lines, with GI % mean up to 74% for 10c. Expending erlotinib as a reference drug, target compounds were verified for their inhibiting activities against EGFRWT, EGFRT790M, and EGFRL858R where compound 10d was the best inhibitor with IC50 = 0.097, 0.280, and 0.051 µM, respectively, compared to erlotinib (IC50 = 0.082 µM, 0.342 µM, and 0.055 µM, respectively). Safety profile was validated using normal human lung (IMR-90) cells. 10c and 10d disrupted cell cycle at pre-G1 and G2/M phases in lung cancer, HOP-92, and cell line. Molecular docking study was achieved to understand the potential binding interactions and affinities in the active sites of three versions of EGFRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud G. Abo Al-Hamd
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Haytham O. Tawfik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Omeima Abdullah
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Koki Yamaguchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masaharu Sugiura
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Ahmed B. M. Mehany
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mervat H. El-Hamamsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Tarek F. El-Moselhy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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3
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Elkaeed EB, Yousef RG, Elkady H, Mehany ABM, Alsfouk BA, Husein DZ, Ibrahim IM, Metwaly AM, Eissa IH. In silico, in vitro VEGFR-2 inhibition, and anticancer activity of a 3-(hydrazonomethyl)naphthalene-2-ol derivative. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:7986-8001. [PMID: 36184591 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2127907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/07/2022]
Abstract
In agreement with the general features of VEGFR-2 inhibitors, a new naphthalene analog (compound 7) has been designed and synthesized. The inhibitory potential of compound 7 was indicated by the proper binding and the perfect energy of -21.10 kcal/mol compared to sorafenib (-21.22) in the molecular docking studies. Next, six MD simulation studies over 100 ns (RMSD, RMSF, SASA, RoG, hydrogen bonding, and distance between the center of mass) confirmed the accurate interaction of compound 7 with the catalytic pocket of VEGFR-2. Similarly, an MM-GBSA established proper binding showing an exact total binding energy of -36.95 ± 3.03 kcal/Mol. Additionally, the MM-GBSA experiment indicated the vital amino acids in the binding process. Types and number of interactions of compound 7 with catalytic pocket of VEGFR-2 were determined through Protein-Ligand Interaction Profiler (PLIP). As a new compound, the DFT was employed to optimize the molecular structure of compound 7. The DFT experiments also verified the interaction features of compound 7 with the VEGFR-2 active site. In silico ADMET experiments revealed the general drug-likeness of compound 7. Fascinatingly, the in vitro examinations were consistent with the in silico experiments as compound 7 inhibited the VEGFR-2 enzyme with an IC50 value of 37 nM. Captivatingly, compound 7 inhibited both MCF-7 and HCT 116 cancer cells exhibiting IC50 values of 10.56 and 7.07 µM exhibiting excellent selectivity indexes of 9.04 and 13.50, respectively.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eslam B Elkaeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reda G Yousef
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hazem Elkady
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed B M Mehany
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Bshra A Alsfouk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dalal Z Husein
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, New Valley University, El-Kharja, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim M Ibrahim
- Biophysics Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Metwaly
- Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
- Biopharmaceutical Products Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim H Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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Saleh AM, Mahdy HA, El-Zahabi MA, Mehany ABM, Khalifa MM, Eissa IH. Design, synthesis, in silico studies, and biological evaluation of novel pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile derivatives as potential anti-proliferative agents, VEGFR-2 inhibitors and apoptotic inducers. RSC Adv 2023; 13:22122-22147. [PMID: 37492514 PMCID: PMC10363774 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04182d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel series of pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile derivatives bearing benzylidene and hydrazone moieties with different linkers (spacers) were designed and synthesized as possible inhibitors of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2). The newly synthesized compounds were evaluated in vitro for their cytotoxic activities against two human cancer cell lines namely colon cancer (HCT-116) and breast cancer (MCF-7) using sorafenib as a standard anticancer drug. Compounds 9d, 11e, 12b, and 12d showed higher cytotoxic activities than sorafenib with IC50 values ranging from 1.14 to 10.33 μM. In particular, compound 11e exhibited excellent activities against HCT-116 and MCF-7 with IC50 values of 1.14 and 1.54 μM, respectively. Moreover, compound 11e exhibited about 47.32-fold cytotoxic activity against normal human fibroblast (WI-38) cells, lower than the cytotoxicity against the cancer cells. Compounds 11e and 12b were the most potent VEGFR-2 inhibitors with IC50 values of 0.61 and 0.53 μM, respectively, compared to sorafenib. Bedsides, compound 11e arrested the HCT-116 cell growth at S and sub-G1 phases, induced a significant increase in the apoptotic cells, and caused remarkable decrease in the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and caspase-3. Finally, the binding patterns of the target derivatives were investigated through the docking study against the proposed molecular target (VEGFR-2, PDB ID 1YWN). The results of molecular docking studies showed similar binding modes to sorafenib against VEGFR-2. In addition, molecular dynamic simulations revealed the stability of compound 11e in the active site for 100 ns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman M Saleh
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
| | - Hazem A Mahdy
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
| | - Mohamed Ayman El-Zahabi
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
| | - Ahmed B M Mehany
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Khalifa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
| | - Ibrahim H Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
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5
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Mehany ABM, Farrag IM, Diab M, Ghoneim MM, El-Sherbiny M, Al-Serwi RH, Amin AH, Belal A, Shaaban S, Abdelhady AA. Curcumin and vitamin C improve immunity of kidney via gene expression against diethyl nitrosamine induced nephrotoxicity in rats:In vivo and molecular docking studies. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14126. [PMID: 36923841 PMCID: PMC10008980 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Kidney has a crucial role in immunity, so any toxicity occurs for the kidney will result in reduced immunity. The aim of this study is to improve the immune response of insufficient kidneys through immune-related genes. Diethyl Nitrosamine has been used to cause kidney damage in animal models, vitamin C and curcumin have been used to treat impaired kidney. Renal function (urea, uric acid and creatinine) and oxidative stress parameters (superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde and glutathione peroxidase) will be evaluated in this research work. Molecular docking also will be performed to investigate the role of vitamin C and curcumin in targeting immune response proteins. Also, Complementary component 3, Lipocalin-2, Toll-like receptor 2,Toll-like receptor 4, Kidney injury molecule-1, Interleukin 6, Interleukin-10, Tumor necrosis factor and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases will be investigated. The obtained results showed that vitamin C and curcumin have good effects in the treatment of impaired kidneys, this was also observed in renal function and oxidative stress parameters, expression levels of proteins and histopathological examinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed B M Mehany
- Department of zoology Faculty of science Al-Azhar University Cairo, Egypt
| | - Islam M Farrag
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Diab
- Anatomy and embryology Department faculty of medicine Al-Azhar university,cairo, Egypt
- Basic medical science, Faculty of applied medical sciences, university of tabuk saudi arabia
| | - Mohammed M Ghoneim
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Ad Diriyah13713, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Sherbiny
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, P.O. Box 71666, Riyadh, 11597, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Rasha Hamed Al-Serwi
- Department of Basic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali H Amin
- Deanship of Scientific Research, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amany Belal
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099,Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salwa Shaaban
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of pharmacySuef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alsayed A Abdelhady
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Helwan, Egypt
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6
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Hegazy MM, Afifi WM, Metwaly AM, Radwan MM, Abd-Elraouf M, Mehany ABM, Ahmed E, Enany S, Ezzeldin S, Ibrahim AE, El Deeb S, Mostafa AE. Antitrypanosomal, Antitopoisomerase-I, and Cytotoxic Biological Evaluation of Some African Plants Belonging to Crassulaceae; Chemical Profiling of Extract Using UHPLC/QTOF-MS/MS. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27248809. [PMID: 36557948 PMCID: PMC9785725 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In our continuous study for some African plants as a source for antitrypanosomally and cytotoxic active drugs, nine different plants belonging to the Crassulaceae family have been selected for the present study. Sedum sieboldii leaves extract showed an antitrypanosomal activity against Trypanosoma brucei with an IC50 value of 8.5 µg/mL. In addition, they have cytotoxic activities against (HCT-116), (HEPG-2) and (MCF-7), with IC50 values of 28.18 ± 0.24, 22.05 ± 0.66, and 26.47 ± 0.85 µg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, the extract displayed inhibition against Topoisomerase-1 with an IC50 value of 1.31 µg/mL. It showed the highest phenolics and flavonoids content among the other plants' extracts. In order to identify the secondary metabolites which may be responsible for such activities, profiling of the polar secondary metabolites of S. sieboldii extract via Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled to High-Resolution QTOF-MS operated in negative and positive ionization modes, which revealed the presence of 46 metabolites, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, anthocyanidins, coumarin, and other metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa M. Hegazy
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Wael M. Afifi
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University—Kantara Branch, Ismailia 41636, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. Metwaly
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M. Radwan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alexandria, Alexandria 21521, Egypt
| | - Muhamad Abd-Elraouf
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Ahmed B. M. Mehany
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Eman Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Research Program, Department of Basic Research, Children’s Cancer Hospital 57357, Cairo 11441, Egypt
| | - Shymaa Enany
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Shahd Ezzeldin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Adel E. Ibrahim
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al Mauz, P.O. Box 33, Nizwa 616, Oman
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port-Said University, Port-Said 42511, Egypt
| | - Sami El Deeb
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al Mauz, P.O. Box 33, Nizwa 616, Oman
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universitaet Braunschweig, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Ahmad E. Mostafa
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
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7
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Belal A, Abdel Gawad NM, Mehany ABM, Abourehab MAS, Elkady H, Al-Karmalawy AA, Ismael AS. Design, synthesis and molecular docking of new fused 1 H-pyrroles, pyrrolo[3,2- d]pyrimidines and pyrrolo[3,2- e][1, 4]diazepine derivatives as potent EGFR/CDK2 inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:1884-1902. [PMID: 35801486 PMCID: PMC9272933 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2096019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A new series of 1H-pyrrole (6a-c, 8a-c), pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidines (9a-c) and pyrrolo[3,2-e][1, 4]diazepines (11a-c) were designed and synthesised. These compounds were designed to have the essential pharmacophoric features of EGFR Inhibitors, they have shown anticancer activities against HCT116, MCF-7 and Hep3B cancer cells with IC50 values ranging from 0.009 to 2.195 µM. IC50 value of doxorubicin is 0.008 µM, compounds 9a and 9c showed IC50 values of 0.011 and 0.009 µM respectively against HCT-116 cells. Compound 8b exerted broad-spectrum activity against all tested cell lines with an IC50 value less than 0.05 µM. Compound 8b was evaluated against a panel of kinases. This compound potently inhibited CDK2/Cyclin A1, DYRK3 and GSK3 alpha kinases with 10-23% compared to imatinib (1-10%). It has also arrested the cell cycle of MCF-7 cells at the S phase. Its antiproliferative activity was further augmented by molecular docking into the active sites of EGFR and CDK2 cyclin A1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amany Belal
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nagwa M Abdel Gawad
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed B M Mehany
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A S Abourehab
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Hazem Elkady
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Al-Karmalawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University- Egypt, New Damietta, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Ismael
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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Yousef RG, Elwan A, Gobaara IMM, Mehany ABM, Eldehna WM, El-Metwally SA, A Alsfouk B, Elkaeed EB, Metwaly AM, Eissa IH. Anti-cancer and immunomodulatory evaluation of new nicotinamide derivatives as potential VEGFR-2 inhibitors and apoptosis inducers: in vitro and in silico studies. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:2206-2222. [PMID: 35980113 PMCID: PMC9466619 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2110868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
New nicotinamide derivatives 6, 7, 10, and 11 were designed and synthesised based on the essential features of the VEGFR-2 inhibitors. Compound 10 revealed the highest anti-proliferative activities with IC50 values of 15.4 and 9.8 µM against HCT-116 and HepG2, respectively compared to sorafenib (IC50 = 9.30 and 7.40 µM). Compound 7 owned promising cytotoxic activities with IC50 values of 15.7 and 15.5 µM against the same cell lines, respectively. Subsequently, the VEGFR-2 inhibitory activities were assessed for the titled compounds to exhibit VEGFR-2 inhibition with sub-micromolar IC50 values. Moreover, compound 7 induced the cell cycle cessation at the cycle at %G2-M and G0-G1phases, and induced apoptosis in the HCT-116. Compounds 7 and 10 reduced the levels of TNF-α by 81.6 and 84.5% as well as IL-6 by 88.4 and 60.9%, respectively, compared to dexamethasone (82.4 and 93.1%). In silico docking, molecular dynamics simulations, ADMET, and toxicity studies were carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reda G Yousef
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Alaa Elwan
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ibraheem M M Gobaara
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed B M Mehany
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Wagdy M Eldehna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Souad A El-Metwally
- Department of Basic Science, Higher Technological institute, 10th of Ramadan City, Egypt
| | - Bshra A Alsfouk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eslam B Elkaeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M Metwaly
- Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.,Biopharmaceutical Products Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim H Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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Saad MH, El-Moselhy TF, S El-Din N, Mehany ABM, Belal A, Abourehab MAS, Tawfik HO, El-Hamamsy MH. Discovery of new symmetrical and asymmetrical nitrile-containing 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives as dual kinases and P-glycoprotein inhibitors: synthesis, in vitro assays, and in silico studies. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:2489-2511. [PMID: 36093880 PMCID: PMC9481151 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2120478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Two new series of symmetric (1a-h) and asymmetric (2a-l) 1,4-DHP derivatives were designed, synthesised, and evaluated as anticancer agents. In vitro anticancer screening of target compounds via National cancer institute “NCI” revealed that analogues 1g, 2e, and 2l demonstrated antiproliferative action with mean growth inhibition percentage “GI%” = 41, 28, and 64, respectively. The reversal doxorubicin (DOX) effects of compounds 1g, 2e, and 2l were examined and illustrated better cytotoxic activity with IC50 =1.12, 3.64, and 3.57 µM, respectively. The most active anticancer analogues, 1g, 2e, and 2l, were inspected for their putative mechanism of action by estimating their epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2), and Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitory activities. Furthermore, the antimicrobial activity of target compounds was assessed against six different pathogens, followed by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration “MIC” values for the most active analogues. Molecular docking study was achieved to understand mode of interactions between selected inhibitors and different biological targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tarek F El-Moselhy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Nabaweya S El-Din
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Ahmed B M Mehany
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amany Belal
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A S Abourehab
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Haytham O Tawfik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Mervat H El-Hamamsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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10
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Belal A, Elsayed A, Gharib AF, Ali Alqarni MA, Soliman AM, Mehany ABM, Elanany MA. Toward the Discovery of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Inhibitors: Exploring Therapeutic Potentials of Evodiamine and Its Derivatives, Virtual Screening, Molecular Docking, and Molecular Dynamic Studies. Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221143082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Continuous scientific research is necessary to help in the discovery of new promising remedies for the treatment of COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. This current research was aimed at identifying potential novel inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease, which represents one of the most important targets in the viral life cycle. Protein data bank file ID: 7JQ2 was used containing the co-crystallized inhibitor MPI5 with the Main protease. A virtual screening process for natural evodiamine compounds was performed through absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination, and toxicity studies, and the promising hits were docked into the binding site of the enzyme. 13-(4-Chlorobenzoyl)-10-hydroxy-14-methyl-8,13,13 b,14-tetrahydroindolo[2′,3′:3,4]pyrido[2,1- b]-quinazolin-5(7 H)-one (29) interacted favorably with the enzyme; it showed high similarity to MPI5. Molecular dynamic simulations for 29 proved the stability of its binding to SARS-CoV-2 protease over 100 ns; subsequent MMGBSA analysis also supported this principle. Furthermore, 29 elucidated higher limiting action on enzymatic behavior throughout the whole process when compared to MPI5. This provides sufficient evidence for the potential of evodiamine compounds in modern antiviral research, especially compound 29, against the modern COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amany Belal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amani Elsayed
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal F. Gharib
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Aiten M. Soliman
- Drug Radiation Research, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed B. M. Mehany
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Elanany
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Industries, Badr University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
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11
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Elkaeed EB, Yousef RG, Khalifa MM, Ibrahim A, Mehany ABM, Gobaara IMM, Alsfouk BA, Eldehna WM, Metwaly AM, Eissa IH, El-Zahabi MA. Discovery of New VEGFR-2 Inhibitors: Design, Synthesis, Anti-Proliferative Evaluation, Docking, and MD Simulation Studies. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196203. [PMID: 36234734 PMCID: PMC9571953 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Four new nicotinamide-based derivatives were designed as antiangiogenic VEGFR-2 inhibitors. The congeners were synthesized possessing the pharmacophoric essential features to bind correctly with the VEGFR-2 active pocket. All members were evaluated for their cytotoxic and VEGFR-2 inhibitory potentialities. Compound 6 was the most potent showingIC50 values of 9.3 ± 0.02 and 7.8 ± 0.025 µM against HCT-116 and HepG-2 cells, respectively, and IC50 of 60.83 nM regarding VEGFR-2 enzyme inhibition. Compound 6 arrested the growth of HCT-116 cells at the pre-G1 and G2-M phases. Further, it induced both early and late apoptosis. Additionally, compound 6 caused a significant decrease in TNF-α and IL6 by 66.42% and 57.34%, respectively. The considered compounds had similar docking performances to that of sorafenib against the VEGFR-2 (PDB ID: 2OH4). The correct binding of compound 6 with VEGFR-2 was validated using MD simulations, and MM-GPSA calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eslam B. Elkaeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reda G. Yousef
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M. Khalifa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Albaraa Ibrahim
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Ahmed B. M. Mehany
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | | | - Bshra A. Alsfouk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wagdy M. Eldehna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
- School of Biotechnology, Badr University in Cairo, Badr City 11829, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. Metwaly
- Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
- Biopharmaceutical Products Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Alexandria 21934, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim H. Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
- Correspondence: authors: (I.H.E.); (M.A.E.-Z.)
| | - Mohamed Ayman El-Zahabi
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
- Correspondence: authors: (I.H.E.); (M.A.E.-Z.)
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12
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Eliwa EM, Elgammal WE, Belal A, Abourehab MAS, Abd El-Gilil SM, Mehany ABM, Elhagali GAM. Cu(II)-Promoted the Chemical Synthesis of New Azines-Based Naphthalene Scaffold as In Vitro Potent Mushroom Tyrosinase Inhibitors and Evaluation of Their Antiproliferative Activity. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2022.2112704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Essam M. Eliwa
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Egypt
| | - Walid E. Elgammal
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Egypt
| | - Amany Belal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A. S. Abourehab
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Shimaa M. Abd El-Gilil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Egypt
| | - Ahmed B. M. Mehany
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Egypt
| | - Gameel A. M. Elhagali
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Egypt
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13
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Elwan A, Abdallah AE, Mahdy HA, Dahab MA, Taghour MS, Elkaeed EB, Mehany ABM, Nabeeh A, Adel M, Alsfouk AA, Elkady H, Eissa IH. Modified Benzoxazole-Based VEGFR-2 Inhibitors and Apoptosis Inducers: Design, Synthesis, and Anti-Proliferative Evaluation. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27155047. [PMID: 35956997 PMCID: PMC9370530 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27155047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This work is one of our efforts to discover potent anticancer agents. We modified the most promising derivative of our previous work concerned with the development of VEGFR-2 inhibitor candidates. Thirteen new compounds based on benzoxazole moiety were synthesized and evaluated against three human cancer cell lines, namely, breast cancer (MCF-7), colorectal carcinoma (HCT116), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2). The synthesized compounds were also evaluated against VEGFR-2 kinase activity. The biological testing fallouts showed that compound 8d was more potent than standard sorafenib. Such compound showed IC50 values of 3.43, 2.79, and 2.43 µM against the aforementioned cancer cell lines, respectively, compared to IC50 values of 4.21, 5.30, and 3.40 µM reported for sorafenib. Compound 8d also was found to exert exceptional VEGFR-2 inhibition activity with an IC50 value of 0.0554 μM compared to sorafenib (0.0782 μM). In addition, compound 8h revealed excellent cytotoxic effects with IC50 values of 3.53, 2.94, and 2.76 µM against experienced cell lines, respectively. Furthermore, compounds 8a and 8e were found to inhibit VEGFR-2 kinase activity with IC50 values of 0.0579 and 0.0741 μM, exceeding that of sorafenib. Compound 8d showed a significant apoptotic effect and arrested the HepG2 cells at the pre-G1 phase. In addition, it exerted a significant inhibition for TNF-α (90.54%) and of IL-6 (92.19%) compared to dexamethasone (93.15%). The molecular docking studies showed that the binding pattern of the new compounds to VEGFR-2 kinase was similar to that of sorafenib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Elwan
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Abdallah E. Abdallah
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Hazem A. Mahdy
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A. Dahab
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohammed S. Taghour
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
- Correspondence: (M.S.T.); (H.E.); (I.H.E.)
| | - Eslam B. Elkaeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed B. M. Mehany
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Nabeeh
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Adel
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Aisha A. Alsfouk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hazem Elkady
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
- Correspondence: (M.S.T.); (H.E.); (I.H.E.)
| | - Ibrahim H. Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
- Correspondence: (M.S.T.); (H.E.); (I.H.E.)
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14
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Yousef RG, Eldehna WM, Elwan A, Abdelaziz AS, Mehany ABM, Gobaara IMM, Alsfouk BA, Elkaeed EB, Metwaly AM, Eissa IH. Design, Synthesis, In Silico and In Vitro Studies of New Immunomodulatory Anticancer Nicotinamide Derivatives Targeting VEGFR-2. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134079. [PMID: 35807326 PMCID: PMC9268560 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
VEGFR-2, the subtype receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) responsible for angiogenesis, is expressed in various cancer cells. Thus, VEGFER-2 inhibition is an efficient approach for the discovery of new anticancer agents. Accordingly, a new set of nicotinamide derivatives were designed and synthesized to be VEGFR-2 inhibitors. The chemical structures were confirmed using IR, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR spectroscopy. The obtained compounds were examined for their anti-proliferative activities against the human cancer cell lines (HCT-116 and HepG2). VEGFR-2 inhibitory activities were determined for the titled compounds. Compound 8 exhibited the strongest anti-proliferative activities with IC50 values of 5.4 and 7.1 µM against HCT-116 and HepG2, respectively. Interestingly, compound 8 was the most potent VEGFR-2 inhibitor with an IC50 value of 77.02 nM (compare to sorafenib: IC50 = 53.65 nM). Treatment of HCT-116 cells with compound 8 produced arrest of the cell cycle at the G0–G1 phase and a total apoptosis increase from 3.05 to 19.82%—6.5-fold in comparison to the negative control. In addition, compound 8 caused significant increases in the expression levels of caspase-8 (9.4-fold) and Bax (9.2-fold), and a significant decrease in the Bcl-2 expression level (3-fold). The effects of compound 8 on the levels of the immunomodulatory proteins (TNF-α and IL-6) were examined. There was a marked decrease in the level of TNF-α (92.37%) compared to the control (82.47%) and a non-significant reduction in the level of IL-6. In silico docking, molecular dynamics simulations, and MM-PBSA studies revealed the high affinity, the correct binding, and the optimum dynamics of compound 8 inside the active site of VEGFR-2. Finally, in silico ADMET and toxicity studies indicated acceptable values of drug-likeness. In conclusion, compound 8 has emerged as a promising anti-proliferative agent targeting VEGFR-2 with significant apoptotic and immunomodulatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reda G. Yousef
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt; (R.G.Y.); (A.E.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Wagdy M. Eldehna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt;
| | - Alaa Elwan
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt; (R.G.Y.); (A.E.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Abdelaziz S. Abdelaziz
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt; (R.G.Y.); (A.E.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Ahmed B. M. Mehany
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt; (A.B.M.M.); (I.M.M.G.)
| | - Ibraheem M. M. Gobaara
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt; (A.B.M.M.); (I.M.M.G.)
| | - Bshra A. Alsfouk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Eslam B. Elkaeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed M. Metwaly
- Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
- Biopharmaceutical Products Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Alexandria 21934, Egypt
- Correspondence: (A.M.M.); (I.H.E.)
| | - Ibrahim H. Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt; (R.G.Y.); (A.E.); (A.S.A.)
- Correspondence: (A.M.M.); (I.H.E.)
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15
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Belal A, Elanany MA, Santali EY, Al-Karmalawy AA, Aboelez MO, Amin AH, Abdellattif MH, Mehany ABM, Elkady H. Screening a Panel of Topical Ophthalmic Medications against MMP-2 and MMP-9 to Investigate Their Potential in Keratoconus Management. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27113584. [PMID: 35684529 PMCID: PMC9182209 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Keratoconus (KC) is a serious disease that can affect people of any race or nationality, although the exact etiology and pathogenic mechanism are still unknown. In this study, thirty-two FDA-approved ophthalmic drugs were exposed to virtual screening using docking studies against both the MMP-2 and MMP-9 proteins to find the most promising inhibitors as a proposed computational mechanism to treat keratoconus. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are zinc-dependent proteases, and MMP inhibitors (MMPIs) are usually designed to interact with zinc ion in the catalytic (CAT) domain, thus interfering with enzymatic activity. In our research work, the FDA-approved ophthalmic medications will be investigated as MMPIs, to explore if they can be repurposed for KC treatment. The obtained findings of the docking study suggest that atenolol and ampicillin are able to accommodate into the active sites of MMP-2 and MMP-9. Additionally, both exhibited binding modes similar to inhibitors used as references, with an ability to bind to the zinc of the CAT. Molecular dynamic simulations and the MM-GBSA binding free-energy calculations revealed their stable binding over the course of 50 ns. An additional pharmacophoric study was carried out on MMP-9 (PDB ID: 1GKC) using the co-crystallized ligand as a reference for the future design and screening of the MMP-9 inhibitors. These promising results open the door to further biological research to confirm such theoretical results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amany Belal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: or or
| | - Mohamed A. Elanany
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Industries, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Cairo 11884, Egypt;
| | - Eman Y. Santali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ahmed A. Al-Karmalawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University-Egypt, New Damietta 34518, Egypt;
| | - Moustafa O. Aboelez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt;
| | - Ali H. Amin
- Deanship of Scientific Research, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia;
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Magda H. Abdellattif
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ahmed B. M. Mehany
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt;
| | - Hazem Elkady
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt;
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16
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Yousef RG, Ibrahim A, Khalifa MM, Eldehna WM, Gobaara IMM, Mehany ABM, Elkaeed EB, Alsfouk AA, Metwaly AM, Eissa IH. Discovery of new nicotinamides as apoptotic VEGFR-2 inhibitors: virtual screening, synthesis, anti-proliferative, immunomodulatory, ADMET, toxicity, and molecular dynamic simulation studies. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:1389-1403. [PMID: 35577416 PMCID: PMC9116259 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2070744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
A library of modified VEGFR-2 inhibitors was designed as VEGFR-2 inhibitors. Virtual screening was conducted for the hypothetical library using in silico docking, ADMET, and toxicity studies. Four compounds exhibited high in silico affinity against VEGFR-2 and an acceptable range of the drug-likeness. These compounds were synthesised and subjected to in vitro cytotoxicity assay against two cancer cell lines besides VEGFR-2 inhibitory determination. Compound D-1 showed cytotoxic activity against HCT-116 cells almost double that of sorafenib. Compounds A-1, C-6, and D-1 showed good IC50 values against VEGFR-2. Compound D-1 markedly increased the levels of caspase-8 and BAX expression and decreased the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 level. Additionally, compound D-1 caused cell cycle arrest at pre-G1 and G2-M phases in HCT-116 cells and induced apoptosis at both early and late apoptotic stages. Compound D-1 decreased the level of TNF-α and IL6 and inhibited TNF-α and IL6. MD simulations studies were performed over 100 ns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reda G Yousef
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Albaraa Ibrahim
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Khalifa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Wagdy M Eldehna
- School of Biotechnology, Badr University in Cairo, Badr City, Egypt.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Ibraheem M M Gobaara
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed B M Mehany
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eslam B Elkaeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aisha A Alsfouk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M Metwaly
- Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.,Biopharmaceutical Products Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim H Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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17
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Belal A, Elanany MA, Raafat M, Hamza HT, Mehany ABM. Calendula officinalis Phytochemicals for the Treatment of Wounds Through Matrix Metalloproteinases-8 and 9 (MMP-8 and MMP-9): In Silico Approach. Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221098848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulceration is a common complication of an uncontrolled diabetic regimen and is considered a serious type of wound. Matrix metalloprteinases (MMPs) are the common key enzymes in wound management, overexpression of MMPs can lead to chronic wounds and ulcers. Calendula officinalis extract has established its efficacy in treating wounds in folk medicine. In this research work, we will focus on the chemical constituents of this promising herb and will investigate its abilities to target matrix metalloprteinase-8 (MMP-8) and matrix metalloprteinase-9 (MMP-9) proteins through the usage of computer-aided drug design tools. In the current study, several promising dual inhibitors are identified, such as quercetin, isoquercetin, isorhamnetin, and isorhamnetin 3-O glycoside, they showed to be good inhibitors for both enzyme subtypes with greater docking score energies than RND-336, which has been reported as a selective MMP-9 inhibitor. Binding scores and amino acid interactions in addition to molecular dynamics (MD) will be discussed in detail through this research work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amany Belal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A. Elanany
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Industries, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Raafat
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan Taher Hamza
- Biology Department, College of Science, Jouf University, P.O. Box 2014, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Yousef Abbas Str., Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed B. M. Mehany
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
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18
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El-Adl K, Sakr HM, Yousef RG, Mehany ABM, Abulkhair HS, Eissa IH. New quinoxalin-2(1H)-one-derived VEGFR-2 inhibitors: Design, synthesis, in vitro anticancer evaluations, in silico ADMET, and docking studies. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2022; 355:e2200048. [PMID: 35437829 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
More than 70% of cancer patients who are treated with chemotherapeutics do not show a durable response. As part of the global plan seeking new effective chemotherapeutics, here, we report the synthesis and in vitro and computational studies of new lenvatinib and sorafenib analog quinoxalines as vascular endothelial growth factor receptor II (VEGFR-2) tyrosine kinase inhibitors. The central quinolone and pyridine moieties of the Food and Drug Administration-approved anticancer agents lenvatinib and sorafenib were replaced with the versatile quinoxaline scaffold that has been exploited for developing potent cytotoxic agents. With some minor structural optimizations, all the other pharmacophoric features of lenvatinib and sorafenib were maintained. Accordingly, three new sets of quinoxalines were synthesized to evaluate their activity against liver, colorectal, and breast malignancies. The results obtained in the in vitro cytotoxicity evaluation study revealed the superior activity of three derivatives (20, 25, and 29) compared with that of doxorubicin and sorafenib. Absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) profiling and docking of 20, 25, and 29 into the VEGFR-2 receptor were also performed. Results of in silico studies showed the potential of the designed compounds to bind effectively with a number of key residues. The obtained in vitro cytotoxic activity and ADMET profiles of compounds 20, 25, and 29 suggested that they should be subjected to further structural optimizations to develop new candidates in cancer treatment protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled El-Adl
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.,Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Helmy M Sakr
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Reda G Yousef
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed B M Mehany
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hamada S Abulkhair
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.,Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University-Egypt, New Damietta, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim H Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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19
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Abdallah AE, Mabrouk RR, Al Ward MMS, Eissa SI, Elkaeed EB, Mehany ABM, Abo-Saif MA, El-Feky OA, Alesawy MS, El-Zahabi MA. Synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular docking of new series of antitumor and apoptosis inducers designed as VEGFR-2 inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:573-591. [PMID: 35012403 PMCID: PMC8757611 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.2017911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on quinazoline, quinoxaline, and nitrobenzene scaffolds and on pharmacophoric features of VEGFR-2 inhibitors, 17 novel compounds were designed and synthesised. VEGFR-2 IC50 values ranged from 60.00 to 123.85 nM for the new derivatives compared to 54.00 nM for sorafenib. Compounds 15a, 15b, and 15d showed IC50 from 17.39 to 47.10 µM against human cancer cell lines; hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2), prostate cancer (PC3), and breast cancer (MCF-7). Meanwhile, the first in terms of VEGFR-2 inhibition was compound 15d which came second with regard to antitumor assay with IC50 = 24.10, 40.90, and 33.40 µM against aforementioned cell lines, respectively. Furthermore, Compound 15d increased apoptosis rate of HepG2 from 1.20 to 12.46% as it significantly increased levels of Caspase-3, BAX, and P53 from 49.6274, 40.62, and 42.84 to 561.427, 395.04, and 415.027 pg/mL, respectively. Moreover, 15d showed IC50 of 253 and 381 nM against HER2 and FGFR, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdallah E Abdallah
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Reda R Mabrouk
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maged Mohammed Saleh Al Ward
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sally I Eissa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eslam B Elkaeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed B M Mehany
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mariam A Abo-Saif
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta university, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Ola A El-Feky
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta university, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Alesawy
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Ayman El-Zahabi
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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20
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Mehany ABM, Belal A, Mohamed AF, Shaaban S, Abdelhamid G. Apoptotic and anti-angiogenic effects of propolis against human bladder cancer: molecular docking and in vitro screening. Biomarkers 2022; 27:138-150. [PMID: 34927500 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2021.2020903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bladder cancer is still of unknown initiation and progression, it is difficult to treat the patient once bladder cancer have a distant metastasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the present study, propolis extract was evaluated against bladder cancer cells (T24). Two independent pathways were investigated, apoptosis and angiogenesis, Bax, Bcl-2, P53, and caspase-3 for apoptosis, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor and protein kinase A as angiogenesis potential targets. OBJECTIVES Molecular docking studies will be conducted for the major known constituents of Egyptian propolis into apoptotic and angiogenic protein targets, to give better insights to the possible binding mode and interactions and investigate the ability of propolis constituents to target both apoptotic and angiogenic pathways. RESULTS Propolis showed anti-proliferative activity against T24 cancer cell line, the IC50 value was 6.36 µg/ml. Also significant effects of propolis on Bax, Bcl-2, P53, and caspase-3 were observed. DISCUSSION These obtained results proved the ability of propolis to induce cell death. Also it has revealed noticeable effects on protein kinase A and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor. CONCLUSION The obtained results can encourage us to say that propolis extract can induce a programmed cell death in human bladder cancer cells, and also affect angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed B M Mehany
- Genetic Engineering, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amany Belal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aly Fahmy Mohamed
- Holding Company for Production of Vaccines and Biological Products (VACSERA), Agouza, Egypt
| | - Salwa Shaaban
- Department of Microbiology& Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.,Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghada Abdelhamid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Egypt
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21
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Hagras M, El Deeb MA, Elzahabi HSA, Elkaeed EB, Mehany ABM, Eissa IH. Discovery of new quinolines as potent colchicine binding site inhibitors: design, synthesis, docking studies, and anti-proliferative evaluation. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 36:640-658. [PMID: 33588683 PMCID: PMC7889231 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.1883598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Discovering of new anticancer agents with potential activity against tubulin polymerisation is still a promising approach. Colchicine binding site inhibitors are the most relevant anti-tubulin polymerisation agents. Thus, new quinoline derivatives have been designed and synthesised to possess the same essential pharmacophoric features of colchicine binding site inhibitors. The synthesised compounds were tested in vitro against a panel of three human cancer cell lines (HepG-2, HCT-116, and MCF-7) using colchicine as a positive control. Comparing to colchicine (IC50 = 7.40, 9.32, and 10.41 µM against HepG-2, HCT-116, and MCF-7, respectively), compounds 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, and 28 exhibited superior cytotoxic activities with IC50 values ranging from 1.78 to 9.19 µM. In order to sightsee the proposed mechanism of anti-proliferative activity, the most active members were further evaluated in vitro for their inhibitory activities against tubulin polymerisation. Compounds 21 and 32 exhibited the highest tubulin polymerisation inhibitory effect with IC50 values of 9.11 and 10.5 nM, respectively. Such members showed activities higher than that of colchicine (IC50 = 10.6 nM) and CA-4 (IC50 = 13.2 nM). The impact of the most promising compound 25 on cell cycle distribution was assessed. The results revealed that compound 25 can arrest the cell cycle at G2/M phase. Annexin V and PI double staining assay was carried out to explore the apoptotic effect of the synthesised compounds. Compound 25 induced apoptotic effect on HepG-2 thirteen times more than the control cells. To examine the binding pattern of the target compounds against the tubulin heterodimers active site, molecular docking studies were carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Hagras
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Moshira A. El Deeb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Heba S. A. Elzahabi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eslam B. Elkaeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Ad Diriyah, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed B. M. Mehany
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim H. Eissa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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22
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Ma C, Taghour MS, Belal A, Mehany ABM, Mostafa N, Nabeeh A, Eissa IH, Al-Karmalawy AA. Design and Synthesis of New Quinoxaline Derivatives as Potential Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Targeting Hepatocellular Carcinoma: In Silico, In Vitro, and SAR Studies. Front Chem 2021; 9:725135. [PMID: 34631658 PMCID: PMC8493129 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.725135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Guided by the structural optimization principle and the promising anticancer effect of the quinoxaline nucleus, a new series of novel HDAC inhibitors were designed and synthesized. The synthesized compounds were designed to bear the reported pharmacophoric features of the HDAC inhibitors in addition to an extra moiety to occupy the non-used vacant deep pocket of the HDAC receptor. The newly prepared compounds were evaluated for their in vitro anti-proliferative activities against HepG-2 and HuH-7 liver cancer cell lines. The tested compounds showed promising anti-proliferative activities against both cell lines. The most active ten candidates (6 c , 6 d , 6 f , 6 g , 6 k , 6 l , 7 b , 8, 10 h , and 12) were further evaluated for their effect on the gene expression levels of Bax as an apoptotic marker and Bcl-2 as an anti-apoptotic one. Moreover, they were evaluated for their ability to inhibit histone deacetylase (HDAC1, HDAC4, and HDAC6) activities. Compound 6 c achieved the best cytotoxic activities on both HepG-2 and HuH-7 cell lines with IC50 values of 1.53 and 3.06 µM, respectively, and also it showed the most inhibitory activities on HDAC1, HDAC4, and HDAC6 with IC50 values of 1.76, 1.39, and 3.46 µM, respectively, compared to suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) as a reference drug (IC50 = 0.86, 0.97, and 0.93 µM, respectively). Furthermore, it achieved a more characteristic arrest in the growth of cell population of HepG-2 at both G0/G1 and S phases with 1.23-, and 1.18-fold, respectively, compared to that of the control, as determined by cell cycle analysis. Also, compound 6 c showed a marked elevation in the AnxV-FITC apoptotic HepG-2 cells percentage in both early and late phases increasing the total apoptosis percentage by 9.98-, and 10.81-fold, respectively, compared to the control. Furthermore, docking studies were carried out to identify the proposed binding mode of the synthesized compounds towards the prospective target (HDAC4). In silico ADMET and toxicity studies revealed that most of the synthesized compounds have accepted profiles of drug-likeness with low toxicity. Finally, an interesting SAR analysis was concluded to help the future design of more potent HDACIs in the future by medicinal chemists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ma
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, China
| | - Mohammed S. Taghour
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amany Belal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed B. M. Mehany
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Naglaa Mostafa
- Biophysics Department, Faculty of Women for Arts, Science and Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Nabeeh
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim H. Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A. Al-Karmalawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University-Egypt, New Damietta, Egypt
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23
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Ammar YA, Elhagali GAM, Abusaif MS, Selim MR, Zahran MA, Naser T, Mehany ABM, Fayed EA. Carboxamide appended quinoline moieties as potential anti-proliferative agents, apoptotic inducers and Pim-1 kinase inhibitors. Med Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-021-02765-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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24
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Zhaorigetu, Farrag IM, Belal A, Badawi MHA, Abdelhady AA, Galala FMAA, El-Sharkawy A, EL-Dahshan AA, Mehany ABM. Antiproliferative, Apoptotic Effects and Suppression of Oxidative Stress of Quercetin against Induced Toxicity in Lung Cancer Cells of Rats: In vitro and In vivo Study. J Cancer 2021; 12:5249-5259. [PMID: 34335941 PMCID: PMC8317526 DOI: 10.7150/jca.52088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, quercetin was examined against lung human cancer cells using A549 and H69 cancer cell lines in addition to normal non cancer cells (W138). Two genes Bax and Bcl-2 that play an important role in apoptosis pathways were investigated. Also Immunohistochemical study for caspase-3 which is considered as indicator for apoptosis was performed. Quercetin showed good anti proliferative activity against tested lung cancer cell lines, IC50 values on A549 are 8.65, 7.96 and 5.14 µg/ml at 24, 48 and 72h respectively. Also significant effects of quercetin on Bax, Bcl-2 and caspase-3 were observed, that can prove its ability to induce apoptosis. On the other hand quercetin showed good therapeutic effects against cyclophosphamide induced lung toxicity that were observed in the histopathology study. In vitro studies were also performed such as cell cycle analysis through flowcytometry. The obtained results from all these performed analysis proved that quercetin can induce apoptosis in human lung cancer cells, additionally quercetin showed ability to reduce MDA and increase SOD and GSHP levels which indicates its ability in suppressing oxidative stress, Quercetin has played a therapeutic role in cyclophosphamide induced lung toxicity as it has improved restoring of the damaged lung tissue as discussed in this research work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaorigetu
- Thoracic Surgery, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010020, China
| | - Islam M Farrag
- Forensic Medicine & Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amany Belal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099,Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal H. Al Badawi
- Department of anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Helwan, Egypt
| | | | | | - Abdou El-Sharkawy
- Department of anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Asmaa A. EL-Dahshan
- Department of zoology Faculty of science (Girls branch), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed B. M. Mehany
- Department of zoology Faculty of science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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25
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Eissa IH, Dahab MA, Ibrahim MK, Alsaif NA, Alanazi AZ, Eissa SI, Mehany ABM, Beauchemin AM. Design and discovery of new antiproliferative 1,2,4-triazin-3(2H)-ones as tubulin polymerization inhibitors targeting colchicine binding site. Bioorg Chem 2021; 112:104965. [PMID: 34020238 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Thirty-five new colchicine binding site inhibitors have been designed and synthesized based on the 1,2,4-triazin-3(2H)-one nucleus. Such molecules were synthesized through a cascade reaction between readily accessible α-amino ketones and phenyl carbazate as a masked N-isocyanate precursor. The synthesized derivatives are cisoid restricted combretastatin A4 analogues containing 1,2,4-triazin-3(2H)-one in place of the olefinic bond, and they have the same essential pharmacophoric features of colchicine binding site inhibitors. The synthesized compounds were evaluated in vitro for their antiproliferative activities against a panel of three human cancer cell lines (MCF-7, HepG-2, and HCT-116), using colchicine as a positive control. Among them, two compounds 5i and 6i demonstrated a significant antiproliferative effect against all cell lines with IC50 ranging from 8.2 - 18.2 µM. Further investigation was carried out for the most active cytotoxic agents as tubulin polymerization inhibitors. Compounds 5i and 6i effectively inhibited microtubule assembly with IC50 values ranging from 3.9 to 7.8 µM. Tubulin polymerization assay results were found to be comparable with the cytotoxicity results. The cell cycle analysis revealed significant G2/M cell cycle arrest of the analogue 5i in HepG-2 cells. The most active compounds 4i, 4j, 5 g, 5i and 6i did not induce significant cell death in normal human lung cells Wl-38, suggesting their selectivity against cancer cells. Also, These compounds upregulated the level of active caspase-3 and boosted the levels of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax by five to seven folds in comparison to the control. Moreover, apoptosis analyses were conducted for compound 5i to evaluate its apoptotic potential. Finally, in silico studies were conducted to reveal the probable interaction with the colchicine binding site. ADME prediction study of the designed compounds showed that they are not only with promising tubulin polymerization inhibitory activity but also with favorable pharmacokinetic and drug-likeness properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim H Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt.
| | - Mohammed A Dahab
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt; Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ontario K1N6N5, Canada.
| | - Mohamed K Ibrahim
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Nawaf A Alsaif
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Z Alanazi
- Department of pharmacology and toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sally I Eissa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Dariyah, Riyadh, 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed B M Mehany
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - André M Beauchemin
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ontario K1N6N5, Canada
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26
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El-Metwally SA, Abou-El-Regal MM, Eissa IH, Mehany ABM, Mahdy HA, Elkady H, Elwan A, Elkaeed EB. Discovery of thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-based derivatives as potent VEGFR-2 kinase inhibitors and anti-cancer agents. Bioorg Chem 2021; 112:104947. [PMID: 33964580 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor-2 (VEGFR-2) is considered one of the most important factors in tumor angiogenesis, and consequently a number of anticancer therapeutics have been developed to inhibit VEGFR-2 signaling. Accordingly, eighteen derivatives of thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidines having structural characteristics similar to VEGFR-2 inhibitors were designed and synthesized. Anticancer activities of the new derivatives were assessed against three human cancer cell lines (HCT-116, HepG2, and MCF-7) using MTT. Sorafenib was used as positive control. Compounds 17c-i, and 20b showed excellent anticancer activities against HCT-116 and HepG2 cell lines, while compounds 17i and 17g was found to be active against MCF-7 cell line. Compound 17f exhibited the highest cytotoxic activities against the examined cell lines, HCT-116 and HepG2, with IC50 values of 2.80 ± 0.16 and 4.10 ± 0.45 µM, respectively. Aiming at exploring the mechanism of action of these compounds, the most active cytotoxic derivatives were in vitro tested for their VEGFR-2 inhibitory activity. Compound 17f showed high activity against VEGFR-2 with an IC50 value of 0.23 ± 0.03 µM, that is equal to that of reference, sorafenib (IC50 = 0.23 ± 0.04 µM). Molecular docking studies also were performed to investigate the possible binding interactions of the target compounds with the active sites of VEGFR-2. The synthesized compounds were analyzed for their ADMET and toxicity properties. Results showed that most of the compounds have low to very low BBB penetration levels and they have non-inhibitory effect against CYP2D6. All compounds were predicted to be non-toxic against developmental toxicity potential model except compounds 17b and 20b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souad A El-Metwally
- Department of Basic Science, Higher Technological Institute, 10th of Ramadan City 228, Egypt
| | - Mohsen M Abou-El-Regal
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim H Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed B M Mehany
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Hazem A Mahdy
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Hazem Elkady
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Alaa Elwan
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Eslam B Elkaeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Ad Diriyah 13713, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.
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Wassel MMS, Ammar YA, Elhag Ali GAM, Belal A, Mehany ABM, Ragab A. Development of adamantane scaffold containing 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives: Design, synthesis, anti-proliferative activity and molecular docking study targeting EGFR. Bioorg Chem 2021; 110:104794. [PMID: 33735711 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A new series of 1,3,4-thiadiazolo-adamantane derivatives were synthesized through molecular hybridization approach, then used as starting material to synthesize chloro and cyano acetamide-thiadiazole derivatives 2, 3. The newly designed compounds 1-3 were treated with different reagents to design 5-adamantyl thiadiazole derivatives 4-17 and evaluate their in vitro anti-proliferative activity against three cancer cell lines (MCF-7, HepG-2 and A549). Doxorubicin was used as a positive control. The most promising compounds 5, 6, 10a, 10b, 14b, 14c, and 17 showed up-regulation for BAX and down-regulation of Bcl-2, these findings proved their role as hopeful apoptotic inducers. In addition, the inhibitory activity against both wild EGFRWT and mutant EGFRL858R-TK for these derivatives revealed that compounds 5, 14c, and 17 have IC50 value ranging from 85 nM to 71.5 nM against wild EGFRWT and 37.85-41.19 nM against the mutant type, Lapatinib was used as a reference standard with IC50 values of 31.8 nM and 39.53 nM, respectively. The most potent derivatives were subjected to further evaluation against double mutant EGFR L858R/T790M and showed good IC50 values between (0.27-0.78 nM) compared to Lapatinib (0.18 nM) and Erlotinib (0.21 nM). Among them, thiazolo-thiadiazole adamantane derivative 17 exhibited the strongest inhibitory activity to the EGFR. Molecular docking studies were performed inside the active site of EGFR (1M17), and binding energy scores ranged between (-19.19 to -22.07 Kcal/mol) compared to Erlotinib (-19.10 Kcal/mol). Furthermore, oral bioavailability beside some pharmacokinetics properties of these derivatives were also investigated in this research work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed M S Wassel
- Department of Foot and Mouth Disease, Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute (VSVRI), Abbasia, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yousry A Ammar
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11884 Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Gameel A M Elhag Ali
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11884 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amany Belal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Ahmed B M Mehany
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ragab
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11884 Cairo, Egypt.
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Abdallah AE, Eissa SI, Al Ward MMS, Mabrouk RR, Mehany ABM, El-Zahabi MA. Design, synthesis and molecular modeling of new quinazolin-4(3H)-one based VEGFR-2 kinase inhibitors for potential anticancer evaluation. Bioorg Chem 2021; 109:104695. [PMID: 33647743 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Globally cancer is the second leading cause of death. So that this work is an attempt to develop new effective anti-cancer agents. In line with pharmacophoric features of VEGFR-2 kinase inhibitors, new nineteen quinazolin-4-one derivatives were designed, synthesized and biologically evaluated for their potential anticancer activity. All target compounds were evaluated in vitro for VEGFR-2 tyrosine kinase inhibition. Then, nine compounds of best results were further investigated by in vitro assay against three human cancer cell lines, namely HepG2, PC3 and MCF. N'-{2-](3-Ethyl-6-nitro-4-oxo-3,4-dihydroquinazoline-2-yl)thio[acetyl}benzohydrazide (36) was found to be the most potent candidate as it showed IC50 = 4.6 ± 0.06 µM against VEGFR-2 kinase. It also exhibited IC50 = 17.23 ± 1.5, 26.10 ± 2.2 and 30.85 ± 2.3 µg/mL against HepG2, PC3 and MCF, respectively. At the same time it showed IC50 = 145.93 ± 1.1 µg/mL against the normal human lung fibroblasts cell line (WI-38), indicating good selectivity index. Further investigation into HepG2 cell cycle showed the ability of compound 36 to induce apoptosis and arrest cell growth at G2/M phase. Moreover, docking studies demonstrated the ability of compound 36 to bind VEGFR-2 in a correct manner making three essential hydrogen bonds with the key residues Glu885, Asp1046 and Cys919. In sum, this work suggests that compound 36 can serve as a lead for development of effective anticancer agents targeting VEGFR-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdallah E Abdallah
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.
| | - Sally I Eissa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt; Faculty of Pharmacy Al-Maareffa University for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maged Mohammed Saleh Al Ward
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Reda R Mabrouk
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Ahmed B M Mehany
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Ayman El-Zahabi
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.
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29
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Mohammed HA, Khan RA, Abdel-Hafez AA, Abdel-Aziz M, Ahmed E, Enany S, Mahgoub S, Al-Rugaie O, Alsharidah M, Aly MSA, Mehany ABM, Hegazy MM. Phytochemical Profiling, In Vitro and In Silico Anti-Microbial and Anti-Cancer Activity Evaluations and Staph GyraseB and h-TOP-IIβ Receptor-Docking Studies of Major Constituents of Zygophyllum coccineum L. Aqueous-Ethanolic Extract and Its Subsequent Fractions: An Approach to Validate Traditional Phytomedicinal Knowledge. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26030577. [PMID: 33499325 PMCID: PMC7866194 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26030577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Zygophyllum coccineum, an edible halophytic plant, is part of the traditional medicine chest in the Mediterranean region for symptomatic relief of diabetes, hypertension, wound healing, burns, infections, and rheumatoid arthritis pain. The current study aimed to characterize Z. coccineum phytoconstituents, and the evaluations of the anti-microbial-biofilm, and anti-cancers bioactivities of the plant’s mother liquor, i.e., aqueous-ethanolic extract, and its subsequent fractions. The in silico receptors interaction feasibility of Z. coccineum major constituents with Staph GyraseB, and human topoisomerase-IIβ (h-TOP-IIβ) were conducted to confirm the plant’s anti-microbial and anti-cancer biological activities. Thirty-eight secondary metabolites of flavonoids, stilbene, phenolic acids, alkaloids, and coumarin classes identified by LC-ESI-TOF-MS spectrometric analysis, and tiliroside (kaempferol-3-O-(6′′′′-p-coumaroyl)-glucoside, 19.8%), zygophyloside-F (12.78%), zygophyloside-G (9.67%), and isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside (4.75%) were identified as the major constituents. A superior biofilm obliteration activity established the minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) for the chloroform fraction at 3.9–15.63 µg/mL, as compared to the positive controls (15.63–31.25 µg/mL) against all the microbial strains that produced the biofilm under study, except the Aspergillus fumigatus. The aqueous-ethanolic extract showed cytotoxic effects with IC50 values at 3.47, 3.19, and 2.27 µg/mL against MCF-7, HCT-116, and HepG2 cell-lines, respectively, together with the inhibition of h-TOP-IIβ with IC50 value at 45.05 ng/mL in comparison to its standard referral inhibitor (staurosporine, IC50, 135.33 ng/mL). This conclusively established the anti-cancer activity of the aqueous-ethanolic extract that also validated by in silico receptor-binding predicted energy levels and receptor-site docking feasibility of the major constituents of the plant’s extract. The study helped to authenticate some of the traditional phytomedicinal properties of the anti-infectious nature of the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamdoon A. Mohammed
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11371, Egypt;
- Correspondence: (H.A.M.); (R.A.K.); Tel.: +966-566-176-074 (H.A.M.)
| | - Riaz A. Khan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: (H.A.M.); (R.A.K.); Tel.: +966-566-176-074 (H.A.M.)
| | - Atef A. Abdel-Hafez
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Marwa Abdel-Aziz
- Regional Center for Mycology and Biotechnology (RCMB), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11371, Egypt;
| | - Eman Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, Department of Basic Research, Children’s Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo 11441, Egypt;
| | - Shymaa Enany
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
| | - Sebaey Mahgoub
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, Department of Basic Research, Children’s Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo 11441, Egypt;
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Osamah Al-Rugaie
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, P.O. Box 991, Qassim 51911, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mansour Alsharidah
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia;
| | | | - Ahmed B. M. Mehany
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11371, Egypt;
| | - Mostafa M. Hegazy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11371, Egypt;
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Hagras M, Mandour AA, Mohamed EA, Elkaeed EB, Gobaara IMM, Mehany ABM, Ismail NSM, Refaat HM. Design, synthesis, docking study and anticancer evaluation of new trimethoxyphenyl pyridine derivatives as tubulin inhibitors and apoptosis inducers. RSC Adv 2021; 11:39728-39741. [PMID: 35494162 PMCID: PMC9044549 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra07922k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubules have become an appealing target for anticancer drug development including mainly colchicine binding site inhibitors (CBSIs). A new series of novel trimethoxypyridine derivatives were designed and synthesized as tubulin targeting agents. In vitro anti-proliferative activities of the tested compounds compared to colchicine against hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG-2), colorectal carcinoma (HCT-116), and breast cancer (MCF-7) was carried out. Most of compounds showed significant cytotoxic activities. Compounds Vb, Vc, Vf, Vj and VI showed superior anti-proliferative activities to colchicine. Where compound VI showed IC50 values of 4.83, 3.25 and 6.11 μM compared to colchicine (7.40, 9.32, 10.41 μM) against HCT 116, HepG-2 and MCF-7, respectively. The enzymatic activity against tubulin enzyme was carried out for the compounds that showed high anti-proliferative activity. Also, compound VI exhibited the highest tubulin polymerization inhibitory effect with an IC50 value of 8.92 nM compared to colchicine (IC50 value = 9.85 nM). Compounds Vb, Vc, Vf, Vj, & VIIIb showed promising activities with IC50 values of 22.41, 17.64, 20.39, 10.75, 31.86 nM, respectively. Cell cycle and apoptosis test for compound VI against HepG-2 cells, indicated that compound VI can arrest cell cycle at G2/M phase, and can cause apoptosis at pre-G1 phase, with high apoptotic effect 18.53%. Molecular docking studies of the designed compounds confirmed the essential hydrogen bonding with CYS241 beside the hydrophobic interaction at the binding site compared to reference compounds which assisted in the prediction of the structure requirements for the detected antitumor activity. Interaction of compounds VI (IC50 = 8.92 nM) (A) and Vj (IC50 = 10.75 nM) (B) with key amino acids of CBS.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Hagras
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Asmaa A. Mandour
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt (FUE), Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Esraa A. Mohamed
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt (FUE), Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Eslam B. Elkaeed
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed B. M. Mehany
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nasser S. M. Ismail
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt (FUE), Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Hanan M. Refaat
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt (FUE), Cairo 11835, Egypt
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31
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Eissa IH, Ibrahim MK, Metwaly AM, Belal A, Mehany ABM, Abdelhady AA, Elhendawy MA, Radwan MM, ElSohly MA, Mahdy HA. Design, molecular docking, in vitro, and in vivo studies of new quinazolin-4(3H)-ones as VEGFR-2 inhibitors with potential activity against hepatocellular carcinoma. Bioorg Chem 2020; 107:104532. [PMID: 33334586 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
A series of new VEGFR-2 inhibitors were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their anti-proliferative activities against hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG-2 cell line). Compound 29b (IC50 = 4.33 ± 0.2 µg/ml) was found to be the most potent derivative as it has showed to be more active than doxorubicin (IC50 = 4.50 ± 0.2 µg/ml) and 78% of sorafenib activity (IC50 = 3.40 ± 0.25 µg/ml). The inhibitory profiles against VEGFR-2 were also assessed for the most promising candidates (16b, 20c, 22b, 24a, 24b, 28c, 28e, 29a, 29b and 29c). Compounds 29b, 29c and 29a exhibited potent inhibitory activities towards VEGFR-2 at IC50 values of 3.1 ± 0.04, 3.4 ± 0.05 and 3.7 ± 0.06 µM, respectively, comparing sorafenib (IC50 = 2.4 ± 0.05 µM). Furthermorer, compound 29b induced apoptosis and arrested the cell cycle growth at G2/M phase. Additionally, in vivo antitumor experiments revealed that compounds 29b and 29c have significant tumor growth inhibition. The test of immuno-histochemical expression of activated caspase-3 revealed that there is a time-dependent increase in cleaved caspase-3 protein expression upon exposure of HepG-2 cells to compound 29b. Moreover, the fibroblastic proliferative index test revealed that compound 29b could attenuate liver fibrosis. Docking studies also supported the results concluded from the biological screening via prediction of the possible binding interactions of the target compounds with VEGFR-2 active sites using the crystal structure of VEGFR-2 downloaded from the Protein Data Bank, (PDB ID: 2OH4) using Discovery Studio 2.5 software. Further structural optimization of the most active candidates may serve as a useful strategy for getting new lead compounds in search for powerful and selective antineoplastic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim H Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.
| | - Mohammed K Ibrahim
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Metwaly
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Amany Belal
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Ahmed B M Mehany
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | | | - Mostafa A Elhendawy
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA; Department of Agriculture Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Radwan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A ElSohly
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA; Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Hazem A Mahdy
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.
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32
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El-Adl K, El-Helby AGA, Ayyad RR, Mahdy HA, Khalifa MM, Elnagar HA, Mehany ABM, Metwaly AM, Elhendawy MA, Radwan MM, ElSohly MA, Eissa IH. Design, synthesis, and anti-proliferative evaluation of new quinazolin-4(3H)-ones as potential VEGFR-2 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 29:115872. [PMID: 33214036 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Inhibiting VEGFR-2 has been set up as a therapeutic strategy for treatment of cancer. Thus, nineteen new quinazoline-4(3H)-one derivatives were designed and synthesized. Preliminary cytotoxicity studies of the synthesized compounds were evaluated against three human cancer cell lines (HepG-2, MCF-7 and HCT-116) using MTT assay method. Doxorubicin and sorafenib were used as positive controls. Five compounds were found to have promising cytotoxic activities against all cell lines. Compound 16f, containing a 2-chloro-5-nitrophenyl group, has emerged as the most active member. It was approximately 4.39-, 5.73- and 1.96-fold more active than doxorubicin and 3.88-, 5.59- and 1.84-fold more active than sorafenib against HepG2, HCT-116 and MCF-7 cells, respectively. The most active cytotoxic agents were further evaluated in vitro for their VEGFR-2 inhibitory activities. The results of in vitro VEGFR-2 inhibition were consistent with that of the cytotoxicity data. Molecular docking of these compounds into the kinase domain, moreover, supported the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled El-Adl
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt; Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Abdel-Ghany A El-Helby
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Rezk R Ayyad
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Hazem A Mahdy
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Khalifa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Hamdy A Elnagar
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Ahmed B M Mehany
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Metwaly
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Mostafa A Elhendawy
- Department of Agriculture Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt; National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA
| | - Mohamed M Radwan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A ElSohly
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA; Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Ibrahim H Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.
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33
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Farrag AM, Ibrahim MH, Mehany ABM, Ismail MMF. New cyanopyridine-based scaffold as PIM-1 inhibitors and apoptotic inducers: Synthesis and SARs study. Bioorg Chem 2020; 105:104378. [PMID: 33099167 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Two novel series of 6-(4-benzamido-/4-phthalimido)-3-cyanopyridine derivatives were designed and synthesized as inhibitors of PIM-1 kinase. Based on cytotoxicity results via MTT assay against prostate carcinoma PC3, human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 and breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cell lines, the most potent cytotoxic cyanopyridine hits, 6, 7, 8, 12 and 13 were 1.5-3.3 times more inhibitor of cell proliferation than the reference standard, 5-FU. Selectivity profile of the latter compounds on normal human cells (WI-38), was executed, indicating that they are highly selective (IC50 > 145 μM) in their cytotoxic effect. The promising compounds were further evaluated as PIM-1 kinase inhibitors. These compounds elicited remarkable inhibition of PIM-1 kinase (76.43-53.33%). Extensive studies on apoptosis were conducted for these compounds; they enhanced caspase-3 and boosted the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio 27-folds in comparison to the control. Molecular docking study of the most potent compound, 13 in PIM-1 kinase active site was consistent with the in vitro activity. Finally, prediction of chemo-informatic properties released compound 13 as the most promising ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amel M Farrag
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mona H Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed B M Mehany
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Magda M F Ismail
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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34
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Ismail MMF, El-Zahabi HSA, Ibrahim RS, Mehany ABM. Design and synthesis of novel tranilast analogs: Docking, antiproliferative evaluation and in-silico screening of TGFβR1 inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2020; 105:104368. [PMID: 33091671 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of the antiproliferative potential of tranilast prompted additional studies directed at understanding the mechanisms of tranilast action. Its inhibitory effect on cell proliferation depends principally on the capacity of tranilast to interfere with transforming growth factor beta (TGFβR1) signaling. This work summarizes design, synthesis and biological evaluation of sixteen novel tranilast analogs on different tumors such as PC-3, HepG-2 and MCF-7 cell lines. The in vitro cytotoxicity was evaluated using MTT assay showed that, twelve compounds out of sixteen showed higher cytotoxic activities (IC50's 1.1-6.29 µM), than that of the reference standard, 5-FU (IC50 7.53 µM). The promising cytotoxic hits (4b, 7a, b and 14c-e), proved to be selective to cancer cells when their cytotoxicity's are examined on human normal cell line (WI-38). Then they are investigated for their possible mode of action as TGFβR1 inhibitors; remarkable inhibition of TGFβR1 by these hits was observed at the range of IC50 0.087-3.276 μM. The cell cycle analysis of the most potent TGFβR1 inhibitor, 4b revealed cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase on prostate cancer cells. Additionally, it is clearly indicated apoptosis induction at Pre-G1 phase, this is substantiated by significant increase in the expression on the tumor suppressor gene, p53 and up regulation the level of apoptosis mediator, caspase-3. In addition, in silico study was performed for validating the physicochemical and ADME properties which revealed that, all compounds are orally bioavailable with no side effects complying with Lipinski rule. The proposed mode of action can be further explored on the light of molecular modeling simulation of the most potent compounds, 4b and 14e which were docked into the active sites of TGFβR1 to predict their affinities toward the receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda M F Ismail
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, 11754 Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Heba S A El-Zahabi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, 11754 Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rabab S Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, 11754 Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed B M Mehany
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, 11754 Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
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35
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Abdellatif AAH, Ibrahim MA, Amin MA, Maswadeh H, Alwehaibi MN, Al-Harbi SN, Alharbi ZA, Mohammed HA, Mehany ABM, Saleem I. Cetuximab Conjugated with Octreotide and Entrapped Calcium Alginate-beads for Targeting Somatostatin Receptors. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4736. [PMID: 32170176 PMCID: PMC7069942 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61605-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a need to formulate oral cetuximab (CTX) for targeting colorectal cancer, which is reported to express somatostatin receptors (SSTRs). Therefore, coating CTX with a somatostatin analogue such as octreotide (OCT) is beneficial. Alginate was used to coat CTX to facilitate delivery to the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). This study aimed to deliver CTX conjugated with OCT in the form of microparticles as a GIT-targeted SSTR therapy. Both CTX and OCT were conjugated using a solvent evaporation method and the conjugated CTX-OCT was then loaded onto Ca-alginate-beads (CTX-OCT-Alg), which were characterized for drug interactions using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR). Moreover, the morphology of formulated beads was examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The drug content and release profile were studied using UV spectroscopy. Finally, in vitro cytotoxicity of all compounds was evaluated. The results showed homogenous conjugated CTX-OCT with a diameter of 0.4 mm. DSC showed a delay in the OCT peak that appeared after 200 °C due to small polymer interaction that shifted the OCT peak. Moreover, FTIR showed no prominent interaction. SEM showed clear empty cavities in the plain Ca-alginate-beads, while CTX-OCT-Alg showed occupied beads without cavities. CTX-OCT-Alg had a negligible release in 0.1 N HCl, while the CTX-OCT was completely released after 300 min in phosphate buffer pH 7.4. All formulations showed good antiproliferative activity compared with free drugs. The formulated CTX-OCT-Alg are a promising platform for targeting colorectal cancer through GIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A H Abdellatif
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, 71524, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed A Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industries, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Amin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - Hamzah Maswadeh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammed N Alwehaibi
- Pharm. D. Student, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan N Al-Harbi
- Pharm. D. Student, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Zayed A Alharbi
- Pharm. D. Student, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamdoon A Mohammed
- Department of Medicnal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed B M Mehany
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Imran Saleem
- School of Pharmacy & Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University James Parsons Building, Liverpool, UK
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Halawa AH, Elgammal WE, Hassan SM, Hassan AH, Nassar HS, Ebrahim HY, Mehany ABM, El-Agrody AM. Synthesis, anticancer evaluation and molecular docking studies of new heterocycles linked to sulfonamide moiety as novel human topoisomerase types I and II poisons. Bioorg Chem 2020; 98:103725. [PMID: 32199303 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A series of heterocyclic compounds with a sulfonamide moiety were synthesized from reaction of enaminone 4 with active methylene compounds, glycine derivatives, 1,4-benzoquinone, hydroxylamine hydrochloride, hydrazonyl halides and dimethylacetylenedicarboxylate. The newly synthesized sulfonamide derivatives were characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, mass spectroscopy, elemental analysis and alternative synthetic routes. The reactions products were evaluated for their antiproliferative activity against a panel of three different human cancerous cell lines, MCF-7 (breast), HepG-2 (liver) and HCT-116 (colon) and the results were deployed to derive the structure-activity relationships (SAR). Various test compounds were potent antiproliferative to cancerous cells; reaching very low micromolar levels, as in case of 21 which showed IC50 value of 6.2 μM against HepG-2 cell. In addition, treatment of cancerous cells with the synthesized compounds induced cell apoptosis and G2/M phase arrest evidenced by flow cytometric analysis. Furthermore, the activity of the synthesized compounds against TOP I and II were documented by DNA relaxation assays. Data revealed that compound 24 significantly interfered with TOP I- and II-mediated DNA relaxation, nicking and decatenation, with IC50 values 27.8 and 33.6 μM, respectively. Moreover, the molecular docking studies supported the results from enzymatic assays, where compound 24 was intercalated between nucleotides flanking the DNA cleavage site via pi-pi stacking and hydrophobic interactions. In conclusion, aromatic heterocycles linked to sulfonamides are excellent molecular frameworks amenable for optimization as dual TOP I and II poisons to control various human malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed H Halawa
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, 11284 Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Walid E Elgammal
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, 11284 Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Saber M Hassan
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, 11284 Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed H Hassan
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, 11284 Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hesham S Nassar
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, 11284 Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Art, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha, 1988, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Y Ebrahim
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed B M Mehany
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11284, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M El-Agrody
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, 11284 Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
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Nasser AA, Eissa IH, Oun MR, El-Zahabi MA, Taghour MS, Belal A, Saleh AM, Mehany ABM, Luesch H, Mostafa AE, Afifi WM, Rocca JR, Mahdy HA. Discovery of new pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile derivatives as anticancer agents targeting EGFRWT and EGFRT790M. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:7608-7634. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01557a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A new series of pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile derivatives has been designed as ATP mimicking tyrosine kinase inhibitors of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR).
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Halawa AH, Eskandrani AA, Elgammal WE, Hassan SM, Hassan AH, Ebrahim HY, Mehany ABM, El-Agrody AM, Okasha RM. Rational Design and Synthesis of Diverse Pyrimidine Molecules Bearing Sulfonamide Moiety as Novel ERK Inhibitors. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225592. [PMID: 31717402 PMCID: PMC6888105 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein kinases orchestrate diverse cellular functions; however, their dysregulation is linked to metabolic dysfunctions, associated with many diseases, including cancer. Mitogen-Activated Protein (MAP) kinase is a notoriously oncogenic signaling pathway in human malignancies, where the extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK1/2) are focal serine/threonine kinases in the MAP kinase module with numerous cytosolic and nuclear mitogenic effector proteins. Subsequently, hampering the ERK kinase activity by small molecule inhibitors is a robust strategy to control the malignancies with aberrant MAP kinase signaling cascades. Consequently, new heterocyclic compounds, containing a sulfonamide moiety, were rationally designed, aided by the molecular docking of the starting reactant 1-(4-((4-methylpiperidin-1-yl)sulfonyl)phenyl)ethan-1-one (3) at the ATP binding pocket of the ERK kinase domain, which was relying on the molecular extension tactic. The identities of the synthesized compounds (4–33) were proven by their spectral data and elemental analysis. The target compounds exhibited pronounced anti-proliferative activities against the MCF-7, HepG-2, and HCT-116 cancerous cell lines with potencies reaching a 2.96 μM for the most active compound (22). Moreover, compounds 5, 9, 10b, 22, and 28 displayed a significant G2/M phase arrest and induction of the apoptosis, which was confirmed by the cell cycle analysis and the flow cytometry. Thus, the molecular extension of a small fragment bounded at the ERK kinase domain is a valid tactic for the rational synthesis of the ERK inhibitors to control various human malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed H. Halawa
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11284, Egypt; (A.H.H.); (W.E.E.); (S.M.H.); (A.H.H.); (A.M.E.-A.)
| | - Areej A. Eskandrani
- Chemistry department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Medina 30002, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Walid E. Elgammal
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11284, Egypt; (A.H.H.); (W.E.E.); (S.M.H.); (A.H.H.); (A.M.E.-A.)
| | - Saber M. Hassan
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11284, Egypt; (A.H.H.); (W.E.E.); (S.M.H.); (A.H.H.); (A.M.E.-A.)
| | - Ahmed H. Hassan
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11284, Egypt; (A.H.H.); (W.E.E.); (S.M.H.); (A.H.H.); (A.M.E.-A.)
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Y. Ebrahim
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed B. M. Mehany
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11284, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed M. El-Agrody
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11284, Egypt; (A.H.H.); (W.E.E.); (S.M.H.); (A.H.H.); (A.M.E.-A.)
| | - Rawda M. Okasha
- Chemistry department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Medina 30002, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence:
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Eissa IH, Metwaly AM, Belal A, Mehany ABM, Ayyad RR, El-Adl K, Mahdy HA, Taghour MS, El-Gamal KMA, El-Sawah ME, Elmetwally SA, Elhendawy MA, Radwan MM, ElSohly MA. Discovery and antiproliferative evaluation of new quinoxalines as potential DNA intercalators and topoisomerase II inhibitors. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2019; 352:e1900123. [PMID: 31463953 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201900123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In continuation of our previous work on the design and synthesis of topoisomerase II (Topo II) inhibitors and DNA intercalators, a new series of quinoxaline derivatives were designed and synthesized. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against a panel of three cancer cell lines (Hep G-2, Hep-2, and Caco-2). Compounds 18b, 19b, 23, 25b, and 26 showed strong potencies against all tested cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 0.26 ± 0.1 to 2.91 ± 0.1 µM, comparable with those of doxorubicin (IC50 values ranging from 0.65 ± 0.1 to 0.81 ± 0.1 µM). The most active compounds were further evaluated for their Topo II inhibitory activities and DNA intercalating affinities. Compounds 19b and 19c exhibited high activities against Topo II (IC50 = 0.97 ± 0.1 and 1.10 ± 0.1 µM, respectively) and bound the DNA at concentrations of 43.51 ± 2.0 and 49.11 ± 1.8 µM, respectively, whereas compound 28b exhibited a significant affinity to bind the DNA with an IC50 value of 37.06 ± 1.8 µM. Moreover, apoptosis and cell-cycle tests of the most promising compound 19b were carried out. It was found that 19b can significantly induce apoptosis in Hep G-2 cells. It has revealed cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. Moreover, compound 19b downregulated the Bcl-2 levels, indicating its potential to enhance apoptosis. Furthermore, molecular docking studies were carried out against the DNA-Topo II complex to examine the binding patterns of the synthesized compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim H Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Metwaly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amany Belal
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed B M Mehany
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rezk R Ayyad
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khaled El-Adl
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Technology, Heliopolis University for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hazem A Mahdy
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed S Taghour
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Kamal M A El-Gamal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamad E El-Sawah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Souad A Elmetwally
- Department of Basic Science, Higher Technological Institute, 10th of Ramadan City, Egypt
| | - Mostafa A Elhendawy
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, Mississippi
| | - Mohamed M Radwan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, Mississippi.,Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A ElSohly
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, Mississippi.,Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, University of Mississippi, Mississippi, Mississippi
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Fayed EA, Sabour R, Harras MF, Mehany ABM. Design, synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular modeling of new coumarin derivatives as potent anticancer agents. Med Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-019-02373-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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41
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Nassar IF, El-Sayed WA, Ragab TIM, Shalaby ASG, Mehany ABM. Design, Synthesis of New Pyridine and Pyrimidine Sugar Compounds as Antagonists Targeting the ERα via Structure-Based Virtual Screening. Mini Rev Med Chem 2019; 19:395-409. [PMID: 30124151 DOI: 10.2174/1389557518666180820125210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND New aryl substituted cyclohepta[b]pyridine and cyclohepta[d]pyrimidine derivatives were synthesized. The sugar hydrazones of the synthesized pyridine and pyrimidine compounds were also prepared. METHOD In addition, the 1,3,4-oxadiazolyl acyclic C-nucleoside analogs of the pyridine system were prepared. The hemolytic, prebiotic, anticancer and antimicrobial activities of some of the synthesized compounds were also studied. Compounds 10 and 12 showed high activity against MCF-7, HEPG-2 and HCT-116 cell lines with IC50 at range 3.56-8.55 µg/mL. In addition, the synthesized condensed thiopyrimidine derivative 10 exhibited more potent bactericidal activity while compound 7 demonstrated potent antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger. Furthermore, the synthetic compounds of the pyrimidine base promoted the growth of lactic acid bacteria. RESULTS The predicted binding patterns of three of the prepared derivatives as possible antagonists against ERα were investigated which showed good binding patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim F Nassar
- Faculty of Specific Education, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Wael A El-Sayed
- Photochemistry Department, National Research Centre, El-Behouth St, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Tamer I M Ragab
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research, Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Al Shimaa Gamal Shalaby
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research, Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed B M Mehany
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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Fayed EA, Eissa SI, Bayoumi AH, Gohar NA, Mehany ABM, Ammar YA. Design, synthesis, cytotoxicity and molecular modeling studies of some novel fluorinated pyrazole-based heterocycles as anticancer and apoptosis-inducing agents. Mol Divers 2018; 23:165-181. [DOI: 10.1007/s11030-018-9865-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Zahran MAH, El-Aarag B, Mehany ABM, Belal A, Younes AS. Design, synthesis, biological evaluations, molecular docking, andin vivostudies of novel phthalimide analogs. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2018; 351:e1700363. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201700363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Magdy A. H. Zahran
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry; Menoufia University; Shebin El-Koom Egypt
| | - Bishoy El-Aarag
- Biochemistry Division, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry; Menoufia University; Shebin El-Koom Egypt
| | - Ahmed B. M. Mehany
- Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology; Al-Azhar University; Cairo Egypt
| | - Amany Belal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry; Beni-Suef University; Beni-Suef Egypt
| | - Ali S. Younes
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry; Menoufia University; Shebin El-Koom Egypt
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Mohamed WR, Mehany ABM, Hussein RM. Alpha lipoic acid protects against chlorpyrifos-induced toxicity in Wistar rats via modulating the apoptotic pathway. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2018; 59:17-23. [PMID: 29500983 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The chronic exposure to chlorpyrifos (CPF) pesticide induces several human disorders including hepatotoxicity. Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) is a natural antioxidant compound found in plants and animals. The present study aimed to investigate the possible protective effect of ALA against CPF-induced hepatotoxicity and the possible underlying molecular mechanism. Thirty-two male Wistar rats were divided into: Normal rats received only vehicle; ALA group received ALA (10 mg/kg, i.p.); CPF group received CPF (18 mg/kg, s.c.) and CPF-ALA group received CPF (18 mg/kg, s.c.) once daily for 14 days. The present results demonstrated that administration of ALA significantly improved liver functions (p < 0.05) and limited the histopathological lesions induced by CPF in liver tissues. Furthermore, ALA decreased hepatic malondialdehyde contents while increased the glutathione peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase and acetylcholinesterase activities. Interestingly, ALA showed significant antiapoptotic effects through downregulation of Bax and Caspase-3 expression levels. In conclusion, ALA possess protective effects against CPF-induced liver injury through attenuation of apoptosis and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafaa R Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Ahmed B M Mehany
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Egypt
| | - Rasha M Hussein
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, 62514, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
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Bakr RB, Mehany ABM, Abdellatif KRA. Synthesis, EGFR Inhibition and Anti-cancer Activity of New 3,6-dimethyl-1-phenyl-4-(substituted-methoxy)pyrazolo[3,4-d] pyrimidine Derivatives. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2017; 17:1389-1400. [PMID: 28270084 DOI: 10.2174/1872211311666170213105004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 11/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
as EGFR inhibitors, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors, Src or dual Src/Abl inhibitors, glycogen synthase kinase-3b (GSK-3b) inhibitors or cyclin dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors. OBJECTIVE A new series of hybrid pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine scaffold with a heteroaryl moiety as pyrazole, oxadiazole, triazole or phthalimide moiety (14a-f, 16, 17, 19, 20) was synthesized and biologically evaluated for the cytotoxicity against human liver cancer cell line (HEPG-2), human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) and human colon cancer cell line (HCT-116). Results and Method: While the pyrazolo hybrid compounds (14a-f) showed good activity against HEPG-2, MCF- 7 and HCT-116 cell lines (IC50 = 3.65 - 39.98, 1.45 - 54.19 and 2.00 - 50.6 µM respectively) in comparison with doxorubicin (IC50 = 5.66, 2.60 and 8.48 µM respectively), the triazolo derivatives (17, 19) showed considerable potency (IC50 = 22.20 - 54.61, 14.98 - 88.78, and 10.79 - 53.40 µM respectively), the oxadiazolo hybrid compound (16, IC50 = 149.91, 115.89 and 110.07 µM respectively) and phthalimido hybrid compound (20, IC50 = 96.02, 131.19 and 120.36 µM respectively) showed low potency. The pyrazolo derivative (14d, IC50 = 3.65, 1.45 and 2.00 µM) was the most potent among all compounds against HEPG-2, MCF-7 and HCT-116 cell lines respectively. Also, the hybrid pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives were evaluated for their inhibitory activity to epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase (EGFR-TK) and they showed a good inhibitory activity (IC50 = 8.27 - 19.03 µM). With the exception of the pyrazolo derivative (14c, IC50 = 18.82 µM), the inhibitory activity against EGFR-TK was consistent with the in vitro cytotoxic activity against HEPG-2, MCF-7 and HCT-116 cell lines. CONCLUSION The newly synthesized compounds showed good activity against HEPG-2, MCF-7 and HCT-116 cell lines in comparison with the reference drug doxorubicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania B Bakr
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514. Egypt
| | - Ahmed B M Mehany
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University. Egypt
| | - Khaled R A Abdellatif
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514. Egypt
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