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Bujaroska Perkovikj M, Anastasova L, Stankov A, Zhivikj Z, Poposka V, Petrusevska-Tozi L. The role of alcohol and patterns of alcohol-related deaths in Republic of North Macedonia within the period 2007-2020. Forensic Sci Med Pathol 2023:10.1007/s12024-023-00748-6. [PMID: 37946096 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-023-00748-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Excessive alcohol consumption is one of the most important factors in a substantial number of violent deaths. The aim of our study was to investigate alcohol-related deaths in the Republic of North Macedonia in the period from 2007 to 2020, in order to study the influence of elevated blood alcohol levels in violent deaths. Five hundred sixty-four post-mortem blood samples from alcohol-related death cases-natural deaths and violent deaths (suicides, accidents, and homicides)-were analyzed, and the results were evaluated according to sex, age, and cause of death. Among 564 cases, traffic accidents were the leading cause of violent death (54.3% of the cases) followed by suicides (19.9% of the cases). In the examined post-mortem samples, BAC values ranged from 0.15-6.20 g/L. The average age was 45 ± 16 years for the male and 49 ± 19 years for the female group. The biggest proportion of high BAC values was found in the group of accidents specifically road traffic accidents and accidental intoxication as well as in the group of bolus deaths. The analysis of BAC in the cases of violent deaths in the Republic of North Macedonia confirmed that consumption of alcohol is strongly related to violent deaths. The data obtained from this study could raise caution and give aid in a national strategy for the prevention of alcohol-related violent deaths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Bujaroska Perkovikj
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Criminology and Medical Deontology, Medical Faculty, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Mother Theresa 19, 1000, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia.
| | - Liljana Anastasova
- Institute of Applied Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Mother Theresa 47, 1000, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
| | - Aleksandar Stankov
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Criminology and Medical Deontology, Medical Faculty, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Mother Theresa 19, 1000, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
| | - Zoran Zhivikj
- Institute of Applied Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Mother Theresa 47, 1000, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
| | - Verica Poposka
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Criminology and Medical Deontology, Medical Faculty, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Mother Theresa 19, 1000, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
| | - Lidija Petrusevska-Tozi
- Institute of Applied Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Mother Theresa 47, 1000, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
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Albig J, Micevska M, Jovchevski S, Georgiveska J, Cekovska S, Stankov A. Incidence and Prevalence of Vaginal Infections in Women of Reproductive Age in North Macedonia. Pril (Makedon Akad Nauk Umet Odd Med Nauki) 2023; 44:73-80. [PMID: 37453121 DOI: 10.2478/prilozi-2023-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
In the available literature on this subject there are many studies which describe the effects of sexually transmitted infections on pregnancy and fertility of women. Because of the frequency of the infections with the atypical bacteria of the Ureaplasma Spp., Mycoplasma Spp., Chlamydia Trachomatis, as well as HPV infections in women of reproductive age, it is easy to underestimate their importance when establishing the basis of the genital health of women of reproductive age. In this prospective analysis, conducted from 2014 to 2018 in the laboratory for HPV and Molecular diagnostics at the University Clinic of Gynaecology and Obstetrics in Skopje, North Macedonia, we analysed the results of 10,387 patients of all ages, of which 973 patients were of reproductive age. A Panel analysis was also conducted (including the above-mentioned pathogens). An HPV analysis was also conducted on 643 patients in this group. Within the group of 643 patients, there was a positive result for HPV in 26.7% of them, while in 40.9% there was a positive result for one or more pathogens on the Panel analysis of bacterial pathogens. The statistical analysis of the results showed that the most frequent of all bacterial pathogens within the Macedonian population of women of reproductive age is Ureaplasma Spp, with an incidence of 33%, followed by Mycoplasma Spp., with 7.8%, while Chlamydia Trachomatis was present in 6.4% of the cases. We should highlight that a co-infection with HPV was present in 18.5% of all the patients where there was analysis of both diagnostic procedures. The analysis of the results in the patients co-infected with HPV and at least one bacterial pathogen on the Panel Analysis, showed a very high statistical correlation (p<001).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jovana Albig
- 1University Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Skopje, RN Macedonia
| | - Megi Micevska
- 1University Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Skopje, RN Macedonia
| | - Sasha Jovchevski
- 1University Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Skopje, RN Macedonia
| | | | - Svetlana Cekovska
- 2Institute of Medical and Experimental Biochemistry, Skopje, RN Macedonia
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Bujaroska M, Papoutsis I, Anastasova L, Petkovska R, Petreska Ivanovska T, Spiliopoulou C, Stankov A, Petrushevska-Tozi L. Estimation of the relationship between diazepam use and risk of violent death using post-mortem data. Maced Pharm Bull 2022. [DOI: 10.33320/maced.pharm.bull.2022.68.03.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marija Bujaroska
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Criminology and Medical Deontology, Medical Faculty, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Mother Theresa 19, 1000 Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
| | - Ioannis Papoutsis
- Department of ForensicMedicine and Toxicology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 M. Asias 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Liljana Anastasova
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Mother Theresa 47,1000 Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
| | - Rumenka Petkovska
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Mother Theresa 47,1000 Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
| | - Tanja Petreska Ivanovska
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Mother Theresa 47,1000 Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
| | - Chara Spiliopoulou
- Department of ForensicMedicine and Toxicology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 M. Asias 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Aleksandar Stankov
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Criminology and Medical Deontology, Medical Faculty, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Mother Theresa 19, 1000 Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
| | - Lidija Petrushevska-Tozi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Mother Theresa 47,1000 Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
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Boldrini M, Fulmore CA, Tartt AN, Simeon LR, Pavlova I, Poposka V, Rosoklija GB, Stankov A, Arango V, Dwork AJ, Hen R, Mann JJ. Human Hippocampal Neurogenesis Persists throughout Aging. Cell Stem Cell 2019; 22:589-599.e5. [PMID: 29625071 PMCID: PMC5957089 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2018.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 814] [Impact Index Per Article: 162.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Adult hippocampal neurogenesis declines in aging rodents and primates. Aging humans are thought to exhibit waning neurogenesis and exercise-induced angiogenesis, with a resulting volumetric decrease in the neurogenic hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) region, although concurrent changes in these parameters are not well studied. Here we assessed whole autopsy hippocampi from healthy human individuals ranging from 14 to 79 years of age. We found similar numbers of intermediate neural progenitors and thousands of immature neurons in the DG, comparable numbers of glia and mature granule neurons, and equivalent DG volume across ages. Nevertheless, older individuals have less angiogenesis and neuroplasticity and a smaller quiescent progenitor pool in anterior-mid DG, with no changes in posterior DG. Thus, healthy older subjects without cognitive impairment, neuropsychiatric disease, or treatment display preserved neurogenesis. It is possible that ongoing hippocampal neurogenesis sustains human-specific cognitive function throughout life and that declines may be linked to compromised cognitive-emotional resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maura Boldrini
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, NYS Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | - Camille A Fulmore
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, NYS Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Alexandria N Tartt
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, NYS Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Laika R Simeon
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, NYS Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ina Pavlova
- Division of Integrative Neuroscience, NYS Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Verica Poposka
- Institute for Forensic Medicine, Ss. Cyril & Methodius University, Skopje 1000, Republic of Macedonia
| | - Gorazd B Rosoklija
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, NYS Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA; Macedonian Academy of Sciences & Arts, 2, Ss. Cyril & Methodius University, Skopje 1000, Republic of Macedonia
| | - Aleksandar Stankov
- Institute for Forensic Medicine, Ss. Cyril & Methodius University, Skopje 1000, Republic of Macedonia
| | - Victoria Arango
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, NYS Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Andrew J Dwork
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, NYS Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA; Macedonian Academy of Sciences & Arts, 2, Ss. Cyril & Methodius University, Skopje 1000, Republic of Macedonia
| | - René Hen
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Division of Integrative Neuroscience, NYS Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - J John Mann
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, NYS Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
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Schnieder TP, Zhou Qin ID, Trencevska-Ivanovska I, Rosoklija G, Stankov A, Pavlovski G, Mann JJ, Dwork AJ. Blood Vessels and Perivascular Phagocytes of Prefrontal White and Gray Matter in Suicide. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2019; 78:15-30. [PMID: 30496451 PMCID: PMC6289219 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nly103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory processes may contribute to psychiatric disorders and suicide. Earlier, we reported greater densities of perivascular phagocytes in dorsal prefrontal white matter (DPFWM) in suicide than in non-suicide deaths. To distinguish between greater vascularity and greater coverage of vessels by perivascular phagocytes, and to determine whether the excess of perivascular phagocytes is derived from microglia or from non-parenchymal immune cells, we made stereological estimates of vascular surface area density (AVTOTAL) by staining for glucose transporter Glut-1, and the fraction of vascular surface area (AF) immunoreactive (IR) for CD163 (CD163 AF) in dorsal and ventral prefrontal white and gray matter. Manner of death or psychiatric diagnosis showed no association with CD163 AF in any region. Suicide was associated with a lower AVTOTAL compared with non-suicides in DPFWM (p = 0.018) but not with AVTOTAL in the 3 other regions of interest. Thus, the earlier observation of increased density of perivascular phagocytes in DPFWM after suicide cannot be attributed to infiltration by peripheral monocytes or to increased vascularity. Greater AVTOTAL ventrally than dorsally (p = 0.002) was unique to suicide and white matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana P Schnieder
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, New York
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York
| | - Isaiah D Zhou Qin
- Columbia University School of Professional Studies, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | | | - Gorazd Rosoklija
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, New York
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York
- Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Skopje, R. Macedonia
| | - Aleksandar Stankov
- School of Medicine, University “Ss.Cyril and Methodius”, Skopje, R. Macedonia
| | - Goran Pavlovski
- School of Medicine, University “Ss.Cyril and Methodius”, Skopje, R. Macedonia
| | - J John Mann
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, New York
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York
| | - Andrew J Dwork
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, New York
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York
- Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Skopje, R. Macedonia
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York
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6
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Jakovski Z, Ajanovska RJ, Stankov A, Poposka V, Bitoljanu N, Belakaposka V. The power of forensic DNA data bases in solving crime cases. Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigss.2017.09.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ajanovska RJ, Jakovski Z, Risteski S, Jovanovic H, Pavlovski G, Stankov A, Poposka V, Duma A. African L0a mtDNA haplogroup in Republic of Macedonia. Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigss.2017.09.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Chatterton Z, Hartley BJ, Seok MH, Mendelev N, Chen S, Milekic M, Rosoklija G, Stankov A, Trencevsja-Ivanovska I, Brennand K, Ge Y, Dwork AJ, Haghighi F. In utero exposure to maternal smoking is associated with DNA methylation alterations and reduced neuronal content in the developing fetal brain. Epigenetics Chromatin 2017; 10:4. [PMID: 28149327 PMCID: PMC5270321 DOI: 10.1186/s13072-017-0111-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Intrauterine exposure to maternal smoking is linked to impaired executive function and behavioral problems in the offspring. Maternal smoking is associated with reduced fetal brain growth and smaller volume of cortical gray matter in childhood, indicating that prenatal exposure to tobacco may impact cortical development and manifest as behavioral problems. Cellular development is mediated by changes in epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation, which can be affected by exposure to tobacco. Results In this study, we sought to ascertain how maternal smoking during pregnancy affects global DNA methylation profiles of the developing dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) during the second trimester of gestation. When DLPFC methylation profiles (assayed via Illumina, HM450) of smoking-exposed and unexposed fetuses were compared, no differentially methylated regions (DMRs) passed the false discovery correction (FDR ≤ 0.05). However, the most significant DMRs were hypomethylated CpG Islands within the promoter regions of GNA15 and SDHAP3 of smoking-exposed fetuses. Interestingly, the developmental up-regulation of SDHAP3 mRNA was delayed in smoking-exposed fetuses. Interaction analysis between gestational age and smoking exposure identified significant DMRs annotated to SYCE3, C21orf56/LSS, SPAG1 and RNU12/POLDIP3 that passed FDR. Furthermore, utilizing established methods to estimate cell proportions by DNA methylation, we found that exposed DLPFC samples contained a lower proportion of neurons in samples from fetuses exposed to maternal smoking. We also show through in vitro experiments that nicotine impedes the differentiation of neurons independent of cell death. Conclusions We found evidence that intrauterine smoking exposure alters the developmental patterning of DNA methylation and gene expression and is associated with reduced mature neuronal content, effects that are likely driven by nicotine. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13072-017-0111-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zac Chatterton
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029 USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Ave, Floor 10, Room 10-70D, New York, NY 10029 USA.,Medical Epigenetics, James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10468 USA
| | - Brigham J Hartley
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029 USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Ave, Floor 10, Room 10-70D, New York, NY 10029 USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Man-Ho Seok
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029 USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Ave, Floor 10, Room 10-70D, New York, NY 10029 USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Natalia Mendelev
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029 USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Ave, Floor 10, Room 10-70D, New York, NY 10029 USA.,Medical Epigenetics, James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10468 USA
| | - Sean Chen
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029 USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Ave, Floor 10, Room 10-70D, New York, NY 10029 USA.,Medical Epigenetics, James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10468 USA
| | - Maria Milekic
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Gorazd Rosoklija
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032 USA.,Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Skopje, Macedonia.,School of Medicine, Skopje, Macedonia
| | | | | | - Kristen Brennand
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029 USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Ave, Floor 10, Room 10-70D, New York, NY 10029 USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Yongchao Ge
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Andrew J Dwork
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032 USA.,Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032 USA.,Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Skopje, Macedonia
| | - Fatemeh Haghighi
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029 USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Ave, Floor 10, Room 10-70D, New York, NY 10029 USA.,Medical Epigenetics, James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10468 USA
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Barakauskas VE, Moradian A, Barr AM, Beasley CL, Rosoklija G, Mann JJ, Ilievski B, Stankov A, Dwork AJ, Falkai P, Morin GB, Honer WG. Quantitative mass spectrometry reveals changes in SNAP-25 isoforms in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2016; 177:44-51. [PMID: 26971072 PMCID: PMC5017887 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2016.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
SNAP-25 and syntaxin are presynaptic terminal SNARE proteins altered in amount and function in schizophrenia. In the ventral caudate, we observed 32% lower SNAP-25 and 26% lower syntaxin, but greater interaction between the two proteins using an in vitro assay. SNAP-25 has two isoforms, SNAP-25A and B, differing by only 9 amino acids, but with different effects on neurotransmission. A quantitative mass spectrometry assay was developed to measure total SNAP-25, and proportions of SNAP-25A and B. The assay had a good linear range (50- to 150-fold) and coefficient of variation (4.5%). We studied ventral caudate samples from patients with schizophrenia (n=15) previously reported to have lower total SNAP-25 than controls (n=13). We confirmed 27% lower total SNAP-25 in schizophrenia, and observed 31% lower SNAP-25A (P=0.002) with 20% lower SNAP-25B amounts (P=0.10). Lower SNAP-25A amount correlated with greater SNAP-25-syntaxin protein-protein interactions (r=-0.41, P=0.03); the level of SNAP-25B did not. Administration of haloperidol or clozapine to rats did not mimic the changes found in schizophrenia. The findings suggest that lower levels of SNAP-25 in schizophrenia may represent a greater effect of the illness on the SNAP-25A isoform. This in turn could contribute to the greater interaction between SNAP25 and syntaxin, and possibly disturb neurotransmission in the illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vilte E Barakauskas
- BC Mental Health and Addictions Research Institute, Vancouver, BC,Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - Annie Moradian
- Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | - Alasdair M. Barr
- BC Mental Health and Addictions Research Institute, Vancouver, BC,Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - Clare L Beasley
- BC Mental Health and Addictions Research Institute, Vancouver, BC,Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - Gorazd Rosoklija
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute; and Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA,Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, University “SS. Cyril and Methodius,” Skopje, Macedonia
| | - J John Mann
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute; and Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Boro Ilievski
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute; and Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA,Institute for Pathology, University “SS. Cyril and Methodius,” Skopje, Macedonia
| | - Aleksandar Stankov
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Criminology and Medical Deontology, University “SS. Cyril and Methodius,” Skopje, Macedonia
| | - Andrew J Dwork
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute; and Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA,Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Peter Falkai
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Gregg B Morin
- Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - William G Honer
- BC Mental Health and Addictions Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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10
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Smiley JF, Hackett TA, Bleiwas C, Petkova E, Stankov A, Mann JJ, Rosoklija G, Dwork AJ. Reduced GABA neuron density in auditory cerebral cortex of subjects with major depressive disorder. J Chem Neuroanat 2016; 76:108-121. [PMID: 26686292 PMCID: PMC4903945 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2015.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Although major depressive disorder (MDD) and schizophrenia (SZ) are closely associated with disrupted functions in frontal and limbic areas of cerebral cortex, cellular pathology has also been found in other brain areas, including primary sensory cortex. Auditory cortex is of particular interest, given the prominence of auditory hallucinations in SZ, and sensory deficits in MDD. We used stereological sampling methods in auditory cortex to look for cellular differences between MDD, SZ and non-psychiatric subjects. Additionally, as all of our MDD subjects died of suicide, we evaluated the association of suicide with our measurements by selecting a SZ sample that was divided between suicide and non-suicide subjects. Measurements were done in primary auditory cortex (area A1) and auditory association cortex (area Tpt), two areas with distinct roles in sensory processing and obvious differences in neuron density and size. In MDD, densities of GABAergic interneurons immunolabeled for calretinin (CR) and calbindin (CB) were 23-29% lower than non-psychiatric controls in both areas. Parvalbumin (PV) interneurons (counted only in area Tpt) showed a nominally smaller (16%) reduction that was not statistically significant. Total neuron and glia densities measured in Nissl stained sections did not show corresponding reductions. Analysis of suicide in the SZ sample indicated that reduced CR cell density was associated with suicide, whereas the densities of CB and other cells were not. Our results are consistent with previous studies in MDD that found altered GABA-associated markers throughout the cerebral cortex including primary sensory areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- John F Smiley
- Program in Cognitive Neuroscience and Schizophrenia, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Troy A Hackett
- Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Cynthia Bleiwas
- Program in Cognitive Neuroscience and Schizophrenia, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA
| | - Eva Petkova
- Program in Cognitive Neuroscience and Schizophrenia, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - J John Mann
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gorazd Rosoklija
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA; Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Skopje, Macedonia
| | - Andrew J Dwork
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA; Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Skopje, Macedonia
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Stankov A, Belakaposka-Srpanova V, Bitoljanu N, Cakar L, Cakar Z, Rosoklija G. Visualisation of Microglia with the use of Immunohistochemical Double Staining Method for CD-68 and Iba-1 of Cerebral Tissue Samples in Cases of Brain Contusions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 36:141-5. [PMID: 27442380 DOI: 10.1515/prilozi-2015-0062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In the recent years it has been confirmed that the main component of the immune response in an injury of the nerve cell comes from microglia and macrophages. The main challenge in the field of microglia research is to detect the different stages of cellular activation by visualization of the cell morphology. The existing visualization techniques are based on surface molecules expression in resting and activated microglia cells. For visualization of the microglial cells and their functional state we used double labeling method for cd-68 and iba1 in brain contusions with different survival time. Microglia are stained brown with Iba-1, whereas microglia impregnated with black, grainy color, represents activated microglia stained with CD 68. We had significantly positive results, and we were able to observe changes in the morphology of the microglia that correlated with the survival time. Using double labeling with Iba-1 and cd68 we were able to determine their physiological state based on the morphology and immunoreactivity.
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Jakovski Z, Ajanovska RJ, Stankov A, Pavlovski G, Poposka V, Marjanovic D. Comparative study of two dna extraction methods in different tissues and conditions of degradation. Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigss.2015.09.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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13
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Rosoklija GB, Petrushevski VM, Stankov A, Dika A, Jakovski Z, Pavlovski G, Davcheva N, Lipkin R, Schnieder T, Scobie K, Duma A, Dwork AJ. Reliable and durable Golgi staining of brain tissue from human autopsies and experimental animals. J Neurosci Methods 2014; 230:20-9. [PMID: 24747874 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2014.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2014] [Revised: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 04/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Golgi stains are notoriously capricious, particularly when applied to human brain. The well-known difficulties, which include complete failure of impregnation, patchy staining, unstable staining, and extensive crystalline deposits in superficial sections, have discouraged many from attempting to use these techniques. A reliable method that produces uniform impregnation in tissue from human autopsies and experimental animals is needed. NEW METHOD The method described, "NeoGolgi", modifies previous Golgi-Cox protocols (Glaser and Van der Loos, 1981). Changes include: much longer time (>10 weeks) in Golgi solution, agitation on a slowly rocking platform, more gradual infiltration with Parlodion, more thorough removal of excess staining solution during embedding, and shorter exposure to ammonia after infiltration. RESULTS The procedure has successfully stained over 220 consecutive frontal or hippocampal blocks from more than 175 consecutive human autopsy cases. Dendritic spines are easily recognized, and background is clear, allowing examination of very thick (200 μm) sections. Stained neurons are evenly distributed within cortical regions. The stain is stable for at least eight years. Most importantly, all stained neurons are apparently well-impregnated, eliminating ambiguity between pathology and poor impregnation that is inherent to other methods. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS Most methods of Golgi staining are poorly predictable. They often fail completely, staining is patchy, and abnormal morphology is often indistinguishable from poor impregnation. "NeoGolgi" overcomes these problems. CONCLUSION Starting with unfixed tissue, it is possible to obtain Golgi staining of predictably high quality in brains from human autopsies and experimental animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gorazd B Rosoklija
- New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University, Unit 42, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA; Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts (MASA), Bul. Krste Petkov Misirkov 2, Skopje 1000, Macedonia; School of Medicine, University Ss. Cyril & Methodius, Vodnjanska 17, Skopje 1000, Macedonia.
| | - Vladimir M Petrushevski
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University Ss. Cyril & Methodius, Arhimedova 5, Skopje 1000, Macedonia
| | - Aleksandar Stankov
- Institute for Forensic Pathology, School of Medicine, University Ss. Cyril & Methodius, Vodnjanska 17, Skopje 1000, Macedonia
| | - Ani Dika
- Institute for Forensic Pathology, School of Medicine, University Ss. Cyril & Methodius, Vodnjanska 17, Skopje 1000, Macedonia
| | - Zlatko Jakovski
- Institute for Forensic Pathology, School of Medicine, University Ss. Cyril & Methodius, Vodnjanska 17, Skopje 1000, Macedonia
| | - Goran Pavlovski
- Institute for Forensic Pathology, School of Medicine, University Ss. Cyril & Methodius, Vodnjanska 17, Skopje 1000, Macedonia
| | - Natasha Davcheva
- Institute for Forensic Pathology, School of Medicine, University Ss. Cyril & Methodius, Vodnjanska 17, Skopje 1000, Macedonia
| | - Richard Lipkin
- New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University, Unit 42, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Tatiana Schnieder
- New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University, Unit 42, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Kimberley Scobie
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1468 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Aleksej Duma
- Institute for Forensic Pathology, School of Medicine, University Ss. Cyril & Methodius, Vodnjanska 17, Skopje 1000, Macedonia
| | - Andrew J Dwork
- New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University, Unit 42, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA; Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts (MASA), Bul. Krste Petkov Misirkov 2, Skopje 1000, Macedonia; School of Medicine, University Ss. Cyril & Methodius, Vodnjanska 17, Skopje 1000, Macedonia
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Stankov A, Bargallo-Rocha JE, Silvio AÑS, Ramirez MT, Stankova-Ninova K, Meneses-Garcia A. Prognostic factors and recurrence in breast cancer: experience at the national cancer institute of Mexico. ISRN Oncol 2012; 2012:825258. [PMID: 22830047 PMCID: PMC3399427 DOI: 10.5402/2012/825258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Accepted: 04/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyze the prognostic and predictive factors that relate to locoregional or distant recurrences in breast cancer patients who have been treated at the National Cancer Institute of Mexico. Multivariate, time-dependent Cox regression analyses indicate that the pN status (positive versus negative lymph node; P = 0.003; HR (hazard ratio), 3.47; CI (confidence interval), 1.52-7.91) and the pathological complete response of the patient to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (yes versus no; P = 0.061; HR, 0.38; CI, 0.14-1.04) were important prognostic factors for recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Stankov
- Breast Cancer Department, National Cancer Institute of Mexico, 14080 Tlalpan, DF, Mexico
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Xin Y, O'Donnell AH, Ge Y, Chanrion B, Milekic M, Rosoklija G, Stankov A, Arango V, Dwork AJ, Gingrich JA, Haghighi FG. Role of CpG context and content in evolutionary signatures of brain DNA methylation. Epigenetics 2011; 6:1308-18. [PMID: 22048252 DOI: 10.4161/epi.6.11.17876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation is essential in brain function and behavior; therefore, understanding the role of DNA methylation in brain-based disorders begins with the study of DNA methylation profiles in normal brain. Determining the patterns and scale of methylation conservation and alteration in an evolutionary context enables the design of focused but effective methylation studies of disease states. We applied an enzymatic-based approach, Methylation Mapping Analysis by Paired-end Sequencing (Methyl-MAPS), which utilizes second-generation sequencing technology to provide an unbiased representation of genome-wide DNA methylation profiles of human and mouse brains. In this large-scale study, we assayed CpG methylation in cerebral cortex of neurologically and psychiatrically normal human postmortem specimens, as well as mouse forebrain specimens. Cross-species human-mouse DNA methylation conservation analysis shows that DNA methylation is not correlated with sequence conservation. Instead, greater DNA methylation conservation is correlated with increasing CpG density. In addition to CpG density, these data show that genomic context is a critical factor in DNA methylation conservation and alteration signatures throughout mammalian brain evolution. We identify key genomic features that can be targeted for identification of epigenetic loci that may be developmentally and evolutionarily conserved and wherein aberrations in DNA methylation patterns can confer risk for disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurong Xin
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University and The New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
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