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Di Giacomo A, Myslovska A, De Roo V, Goeman J, Martins JC, Moreels I. Selenium reduction pathways in the colloidal synthesis of CdSe nanoplatelets. Nanoscale 2024; 16:6268-6277. [PMID: 38450545 PMCID: PMC10956962 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05157a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Several established procedures are now available to prepare zinc blende CdSe nanoplatelets. While these protocols allow for detailed control over both thickness and lateral dimensions, the chemistry behind their formation is yet to be unraveled. In this work, we discuss the influence of the solvent on the synthesis of nanoplatelets. We confirmed that the presence of double bonds, as is the case for 1-octadecene, plays a key role in the evolution of nanoplatelets, through the isomerization of the alkene, as confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Consequently, 1-octadecene can be replaced as a solvent (or solvent mixture), however, only by one that also contains α protons to CC double bonds. We confirm this via synthesis of nanoplatelets in hexadecane spiked with a small amount of 1-octadecene, and in the aromatic solvent 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene (tetralin). At the same time, the chemical reaction leading to the formation of nanoplatelets occurs to some extent in saturated solvents. A closer examination revealed that an alternative formation pathway is possible, through interaction of carboxylic acids, such as octanoic acid, with selenium. Next to shedding more light on the synthesis of CdSe nanoplatelets, fundamental understanding of the precursor chemistry paves the way to use optimized solvent admixtures as an additional handle to control the nanoplatelet synthesis, as well as to reduce potential self-polymerization hurdles observed with 1-octadecene.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alina Myslovska
- Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, 9000-Gent, Belgium.
| | - Vic De Roo
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, 9000-Gent, Belgium
| | - Jan Goeman
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, 9000-Gent, Belgium
| | - José C Martins
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, 9000-Gent, Belgium
| | - Iwan Moreels
- Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, 9000-Gent, Belgium.
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2
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Rodà C, Di Giacomo A, Tasende Rodríguez LC, M CS, Leemans J, Hens Z, Geiregat P, Moreels I. Colloidal CdSe/CdS Core/Crown Nanoplatelets for Efficient Blue Light Emission and Optical Amplification. Nano Lett 2023; 23:3224-3230. [PMID: 37125440 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c05061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The application of CdSe nanoplatelets (NPLs) in the ultraviolet/blue region remains an open challenge due to charge trapping typically leading to limited photoluminescence quantum efficiency (PL QE) and sub-bandgap emission in core-only NPLs. Here, we synthesized 3.5 monolayer core/crown CdSe/CdS NPLs with various crown dimensions, exhibiting saturated blue emission and PL QE up to 55%. Compared to core-only NPLs, the PL intensity decays monoexponentially over two decades due to suppressed deep trapping and delayed emission. In both core-only and core/crown NPLs we observe biexciton-mediated optical gain between 470 and 510 nm, with material gain coefficients up to 7900 cm-1 and consistently lower gain thresholds in crowned NPLs. Gain lifetimes are limited to 40 ps, due to residual ultrafast trapping and higher exciton densities at threshold. Our results provide guidelines for rational optimization of thin CdSe NPLs toward lighting and light-amplification applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmelita Rodà
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, 9000 Gent, Belgium
- Center for Nano and Biophotonics, Ghent University, Technologiepark, Zwijnaarde 15, 9052 Gent, Belgium
| | - Alessio Di Giacomo
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, 9000 Gent, Belgium
- Center for Nano and Biophotonics, Ghent University, Technologiepark, Zwijnaarde 15, 9052 Gent, Belgium
| | - Lucía Camila Tasende Rodríguez
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, 9000 Gent, Belgium
- Center for Nano and Biophotonics, Ghent University, Technologiepark, Zwijnaarde 15, 9052 Gent, Belgium
| | - Chandra Sekhar M
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, 9000 Gent, Belgium
- Center for Nano and Biophotonics, Ghent University, Technologiepark, Zwijnaarde 15, 9052 Gent, Belgium
| | - Jari Leemans
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, 9000 Gent, Belgium
- Center for Nano and Biophotonics, Ghent University, Technologiepark, Zwijnaarde 15, 9052 Gent, Belgium
| | - Zeger Hens
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, 9000 Gent, Belgium
- Center for Nano and Biophotonics, Ghent University, Technologiepark, Zwijnaarde 15, 9052 Gent, Belgium
| | - Pieter Geiregat
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, 9000 Gent, Belgium
- Center for Nano and Biophotonics, Ghent University, Technologiepark, Zwijnaarde 15, 9052 Gent, Belgium
| | - Iwan Moreels
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, 9000 Gent, Belgium
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Morozov S, Vezzoli S, Myslovska A, Di Giacomo A, Mortensen NA, Moreels I, Sapienza R. Purifying single photon emission from giant shell CdSe/CdS quantum dots at room temperature. Nanoscale 2023; 15:1645-1651. [PMID: 36597874 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr04744f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Giant shell CdSe/CdS quantum dots are bright and flexible emitters, with near-unity quantum yield and suppressed blinking, but their single photon purity is reduced by efficient multiexcitonic emission. We report the observation, at the single dot level, of a large blueshift of the photoluminescence biexciton spectrum (24 ± 5 nm over a sample of 32 dots) for pure-phase wurtzite quantum dots. By spectral filtering, we demonstrate a 2.3 times reduction of the biexciton quantum yield relative to the exciton emission, while preserving as much as 60% of the exciton single photon emission, thus improving the purity from g2(0) = 0.07 ± 0.01 to g2(0) = 0.03 ± 0.01. At a larger pump fluency, spectral purification is even more effective with up to a 6.6 times reduction in g2(0), which is due to the suppression of higher order excitons and shell states experiencing even larger blueshifts. Our results indicate the potential for the synthesis of engineered giant shell quantum dots, with further increased biexciton blueshifts, for quantum optical applications requiring both high purity and brightness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergii Morozov
- Center for Nano Optics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Stefano Vezzoli
- The Blackett Laboratory, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BW, UK.
| | - Alina Myslovska
- Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Gent 9000, Belgium
| | - Alessio Di Giacomo
- Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Gent 9000, Belgium
| | - N Asger Mortensen
- Center for Nano Optics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
- Danish Institute for Advanced Study, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Iwan Moreels
- Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Gent 9000, Belgium
| | - Riccardo Sapienza
- The Blackett Laboratory, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BW, UK.
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4
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Rodà C, Geiregat P, Di Giacomo A, Moreels I, Hens Z. Area-Independence of the Biexciton Oscillator Strength in CdSe Colloidal Nanoplatelets. Nano Lett 2022; 22:9537-9543. [PMID: 36409988 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c03683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal CdSe nanoplatelets (NPLs) are unique systems to study two-dimensional excitons and excitonic complexes. However, while absorption and emission of photons through exciton formation and recombination have been extensively quantified, few studies have addressed the exciton-biexciton transition. Here, we use cross-polarized pump-probe spectroscopy to measure the absorption coefficient spectrum of this transition and determine the biexciton oscillator strength (fBX). We show that fBX is independent of the NPL area and that the concomitant biexciton area (SBX) agrees with predictions of a short-range interaction model. Moreover, we show that fBX is comparable to the oscillator strength of forming localized excitons at room temperature while being unaffected itself by center-of-mass localization. These results confirm the relevance of biexcitons for light-matter interaction in NPLs. Moreover, the quantification of the exciton-biexciton transition introduced here will enable researchers to rank 2D materials by the strength of this transition and to compare experimental results with theoretical predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmelita Rodà
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, 9000Gent, Belgium
- NB-Photonics, Center for Nano- and Biophotonics, Ghent University, 9000Gent, Belgium
| | - Pieter Geiregat
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, 9000Gent, Belgium
- NB-Photonics, Center for Nano- and Biophotonics, Ghent University, 9000Gent, Belgium
| | - Alessio Di Giacomo
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, 9000Gent, Belgium
- NB-Photonics, Center for Nano- and Biophotonics, Ghent University, 9000Gent, Belgium
| | - Iwan Moreels
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, 9000Gent, Belgium
- NB-Photonics, Center for Nano- and Biophotonics, Ghent University, 9000Gent, Belgium
| | - Zeger Hens
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, 9000Gent, Belgium
- NB-Photonics, Center for Nano- and Biophotonics, Ghent University, 9000Gent, Belgium
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5
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Shornikova EV, Yakovlev DR, Gippius NA, Qiang G, Dubertret B, Khan AH, Di Giacomo A, Moreels I, Bayer M. Exciton Binding Energy in CdSe Nanoplatelets Measured by One- and Two-Photon Absorption. Nano Lett 2021; 21:10525-10531. [PMID: 34874734 PMCID: PMC8886564 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c04159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal semiconductor nanoplatelets exhibit strong quantum confinement for electrons and holes as well as excitons in one dimension, while their in-plane motion is free. Because of the large dielectric contrast between the semiconductor and its ligand environment, the Coulomb interaction between electrons and holes is strongly enhanced. By means of one- and two-photon photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy, we measure the energies of the 1S and 1P exciton states in CdSe nanoplatelets with thicknesses varied from 3 up to 7 monolayers. By comparison with calculations, performed in the effective mass approximation with account of the dielectric enhancement, we evaluate exciton binding energies of 195-315 meV, which is about 20 times greater than that in bulk CdSe. Our calculations of the effective Coulomb potential for very thin nanoplatelets are close to the Rytova-Keldysh model, and the exciton binding energies are comparable with the values reported for monolayer-thick transition metal dichalcogenides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena V. Shornikova
- Experimentelle
Physik 2, Technische Universität
Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Dmitri R. Yakovlev
- Experimentelle
Physik 2, Technische Universität
Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
- Ioffe
Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194 021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Gang Qiang
- Experimentelle
Physik 2, Technische Universität
Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Benoit Dubertret
- Laboratoire
de Physique et d’Etude des Matériaux, ESPCI, CNRS, 75231 Paris, France
| | | | | | - Iwan Moreels
- Department
of Chemistry, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Manfred Bayer
- Experimentelle
Physik 2, Technische Universität
Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
- Ioffe
Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194 021 St. Petersburg, Russia
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6
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Geiregat P, Rodá C, Tanghe I, Singh S, Di Giacomo A, Lebrun D, Grimaldi G, Maes J, Van Thourhout D, Moreels I, Houtepen AJ, Hens Z. Localization-limited exciton oscillator strength in colloidal CdSe nanoplatelets revealed by the optically induced stark effect. Light Sci Appl 2021; 10:112. [PMID: 34054127 PMCID: PMC8165098 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-021-00548-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
2D materials are considered for applications that require strong light-matter interaction because of the apparently giant oscillator strength of the exciton transitions in the absorbance spectrum. Nevertheless, the effective oscillator strengths of these transitions have been scarcely reported, nor is there a consistent interpretation of the obtained values. Here, we analyse the transition dipole moment and the ensuing oscillator strength of the exciton transition in 2D CdSe nanoplatelets by means of the optically induced Stark effect (OSE). Intriguingly, we find that the exciton absorption line reacts to a high intensity optical field as a transition with an oscillator strength FStark that is 50 times smaller than expected based on the linear absorption coefficient. We propose that the pronounced exciton absorption line should be seen as the sum of multiple, low oscillator strength transitions, rather than a single high oscillator strength one, a feat we assign to strong exciton center-of-mass localization. Within the quantum mechanical description of excitons, this 50-fold difference between both oscillator strengths corresponds to the ratio between the coherence area of the exciton's center of mass and the total area, which yields a coherence area of a mere 6.1 nm2. Since we find that the coherence area increases with reducing temperature, we conclude that thermal effects, related to lattice vibrations, contribute to exciton localization. In further support of this localization model, we show that FStark is independent of the nanoplatelet area, correctly predicts the radiative lifetime, and lines up for strongly confined quantum dot systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieter Geiregat
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium.
- Center for Nano and Biophotonics, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium.
| | - Carmelita Rodá
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
- Center for Nano and Biophotonics, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Ivo Tanghe
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
- Center for Nano and Biophotonics, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
- Photonics Research Group, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Shalini Singh
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Alessio Di Giacomo
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Delphine Lebrun
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Gianluca Grimaldi
- Center for Nanophotonics, NWO-Institute AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XG, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jorick Maes
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
- Center for Nano and Biophotonics, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Dries Van Thourhout
- Center for Nano and Biophotonics, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
- Photonics Research Group, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Iwan Moreels
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
- Center for Nano and Biophotonics, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Arjan J Houtepen
- Opto-Electronic Materials Section, Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Zeger Hens
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
- Center for Nano and Biophotonics, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
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7
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Di Giacomo A, Rodà C, Khan AH, Moreels I. Colloidal Synthesis of Laterally Confined Blue-Emitting 3.5 Monolayer CdSe Nanoplatelets. Chem Mater 2020; 32:9260-9267. [PMID: 33191978 PMCID: PMC7659369 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.0c03066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The typical synthesis protocol for blue-emitting CdSe nanoplatelets (NPLs) yields particles with extended lateral dimensions and large surface areas, resulting in NPLs with poor photoluminescence quantum efficiency. We have developed a synthesis protocol that achieves an improved control over the lateral size, by exploiting a series of long-chained carboxylate precursors that vary from cadmium octanoate (C8) to cadmium stearate (C18). The length of this metallic precursor is key to tune the width and aspect ratio of the final NPLs, and for the shorter chain lengths, the synthesis yield is improved. NPLs prepared with our procedure possess significantly enhanced photoluminescence quantum efficiencies, up to 30%. This is likely due to their reduced lateral dimensions, which also grant them good colloidal stability. As the NPL width can be tuned below the bulk exciton Bohr radius, the band edge blue-shifts, and we constructed a sizing curve relating the NPL absorption position and width. Further adjusting the synthesis protocol, we were able to obtain even thinner NPLs, emitting in the near-UV region, with a band-edge quantum efficiency of up to 11%. Results pave the way to stable and efficient light sources for applications such as blue and UV light-emitting devices and lasers.
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Barzgar S, Lothenbach B, Tarik M, Di Giacomo A, Ludwig C. The effect of sodium hydroxide on Al uptake by calcium silicate hydrates (CSH). J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 572:246-256. [PMID: 32247198 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
To reduce the CO2 emissions from cement production, Portland cement (PC) is partially replaced by supplementary cementitious materials (SCM). Reactions of SCM with PC during hydration leads to the formation of CSH with more silicon and aluminum than in PC, which affects the stability and durability of such concrete. Therefore, it is crucial to determine the role of aluminum on CSH properties to predict the formed hydrate phase assemblages and their effects on durability. Aluminum sorption isotherms including very low Al concentrations have been determined for CSH with Ca/Si ratios from 0.6 to 1.4. Elemental measurements were performed with ICP-MS and ICP-OES. The presence of secondary phases was investigated by using thermogravimetric analysis and XRD. Higher dissolved concentrations of Al were observed at increased alkali hydroxide concentrations and thus higher pH values. High alkali hydroxide led to an increased Al(OH)4- formation, which reduced the Al uptake in CSH. This comparable behavior of Al and Si towards changes in pH values, points toward the uptake of aluminum within the silica chain both at low and high Ca/Si ratios. A higher Al uptake in CSH was observed at higher Ca/Si ratios, which indicates a stabilizing effect of calcium in the interlayer on Al uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonya Barzgar
- Empa, Laboratory for Concrete / Construction Chemistry, CH-8610 Dübendorf, Switzerland; École Polytechnique Fédéral de Lausanne (EPFL), ENAC IIE GR-LUD, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Barbara Lothenbach
- Empa, Laboratory for Concrete / Construction Chemistry, CH-8610 Dübendorf, Switzerland; NTNU, Department of Structural Engineering, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Mohamed Tarik
- Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), ENE LBK CPM, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland.
| | - Alessio Di Giacomo
- Empa, Laboratory for Concrete / Construction Chemistry, CH-8610 Dübendorf, Switzerland.
| | - Christian Ludwig
- École Polytechnique Fédéral de Lausanne (EPFL), ENAC IIE GR-LUD, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), ENE LBK CPM, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland.
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Gualtierotti R, Di Giacomo A, Raschi E, Borghi MO, Meroni PL. Vitamin D and Anti-Phospholipid Antibody Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review. Open Rheumatol J 2018. [DOI: 10.2174/1874312901812010248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Pace M, Dapoto A, Surace A, Di Giacomo A, Morzenti C, Costantini E, Sala F, Sironi S. Tracheal diverticula: A retrospective analysis of patients referred for thoracic CT. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e12544. [PMID: 30278548 PMCID: PMC6181548 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000012544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
To assess the prevalence of tracheal diverticula (TD) in patients referred for thoracic Computed Tomography (CT).1679 consecutive patients subjected to thoracic CT examination for different causes, from January to June 2017, were included in this cohort study. CT was performed with a 64 slice CT, using a standard protocol and Multiplanar Reformat Images (MPR). A TD was defined as a thin-walled air sac at the paratracheal wall with a communication with the tracheal lumen. Congenital or acquired nature of TD was determined by the anatomical location, being usually the congenital ones located 4 to 5 cm below the vocal cords or a few centimeters above the carina in the right paratracheal area, whereas acquired ones were located at the level of the thoracic inlet, in the posterolateral tracheal wall. Presence of TD was assessed and their number and size recorded based on 2 axial diameters and size of neck.One or more TD were found in 96 patients (5.7% of sample), with a slight preponderance (65%) in male gender. Globally, 124 TD were detected; they were solitary in 75% of cases, double in 20.8%, and in about 4.2% they were triple. Average size of the TD was 1.3×4.9 mm with a mean width of the neck of 1.9 mm. The peak of prevalence (9%) was in patients belonging to the fourth-decade group (see ). According to their anatomical location, the majority (97.6%) of TD were acquired in nature and devoided of specific symptoms (see below).(Table is included in full-text article.)Acquired TD were detected in about 1 out of 20 of thoracic CTs and were usually incidentally. Our findings show a slightly higher frequency than previously reported. The most frequent presentation was in male and as a single entity. Clinically, TD was not associated with specific symptoms, in particular with chronic cough or Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).
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Belli Dell'Amico D, Di Giacomo A, Falchi L, Labella L, Marelli M, Evangelisti C, Lezzerini M, Marchetti F, Samaritani S. A convenient preparation of La2CuO4 from molecular precursors. Polyhedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2016.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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12
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Chighizola CB, Gerosa M, Trespidi L, Di Giacomo A, Rossi F, Acaia B, Meroni PL. Update on the current recommendations and outcomes in pregnant women with antiphospholipid syndrome. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2014; 10:1505-17. [DOI: 10.1586/1744666x.2014.968129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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13
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Christou C, Giacomo AD, Panagopoulos H, Vicari E. Improved lattice operators: Case of the topological charge density. Phys Rev D Part Fields 1996; 53:2619-2624. [PMID: 10020257 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.53.2619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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