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Forest-Nault C, Koyuturk I, Gaudreault J, Pelletier A, L'Abbé D, Cass B, Bisson L, Burlacu A, Delafosse L, Stuible M, Henry O, De Crescenzo G, Durocher Y. A Biosensor Assay Based on Coiled-Coil-Mediated Human ACE2 Receptor Capture for the Analysis of Its Interactions with the SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Binding Domain. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2762:89-105. [PMID: 38315361 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3666-4_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based biosensing enables the characterization of protein-protein interactions. Several SPR-based approaches have been designed to evaluate the binding mechanism between the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor and the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein leading to a large range of kinetic and thermodynamic constants. This chapter describes a robust SPR assay based on the K5/E5 coiled-coil capture strategy that reduces artifacts. In this method, ACE2 receptors were produced with an E5-tag and immobilized as ligands in the SPR assay. This chapter details methods for high-yield production and purification of the studied proteins, functionalization of the sensor chip, conduction of the SPR assay, and data analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Izel Koyuturk
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jimmy Gaudreault
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alex Pelletier
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Denis L'Abbé
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Brian Cass
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Louis Bisson
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alina Burlacu
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Laurence Delafosse
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Matthew Stuible
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Olivier Henry
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Gregory De Crescenzo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Yves Durocher
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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2
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Stuible M, Schrag JD, Sheff J, Zoubchenok D, Lord-Dufour S, Cass B, L'Abbé D, Pelletier A, Rossotti MA, Tanha J, Gervais C, Maurice R, El Bakkouri M, Acchione M, Durocher Y. Influence of variant-specific mutations, temperature and pH on conformations of a large set of SARS-CoV-2 spike trimer vaccine antigen candidates. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16498. [PMID: 37779126 PMCID: PMC10543594 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43661-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 subunit vaccines continue to be the focus of intense clinical development worldwide. Protein antigens in these vaccines most commonly consist of the spike ectodomain fused to a heterologous trimerization sequence, designed to mimic the compact, prefusion conformation of the spike on the virus surface. Since 2020, we have produced dozens of such constructs in CHO cells, consisting of spike variants with different mutations fused to different trimerization sequences. This set of constructs displayed notable conformational heterogeneity, with two distinct trimer species consistently detected by analytical size exclusion chromatography. A recent report showed that spike ectodomain fusion constructs can adopt an alternative trimer conformation consisting of loosely associated ectodomain protomers. Here, we applied multiple biophysical and immunological techniques to demonstrate that this alternative conformation is formed to a significant extent by several SARS-CoV-2 variant spike proteins. We have also examined the influence of temperature and pH, which can induce inter-conversion of the two forms. The substantial structural differences between these trimer types may impact their performance as vaccine antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Stuible
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, QC, H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Joseph D Schrag
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, QC, H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Joey Sheff
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Daria Zoubchenok
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, QC, H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Simon Lord-Dufour
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, QC, H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Brian Cass
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, QC, H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Denis L'Abbé
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, QC, H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Alex Pelletier
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, QC, H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Martin A Rossotti
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jamshid Tanha
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Christian Gervais
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, QC, H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Roger Maurice
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, QC, H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Majida El Bakkouri
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, QC, H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Mauro Acchione
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, QC, H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Yves Durocher
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, QC, H4P 2R2, Canada.
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3
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Joubert S, Stuible M, Lord-Dufour S, Lamoureux L, Vaillancourt F, Perret S, Ouimet M, Pelletier A, Bisson L, Mahimkar R, Pham PL, L Ecuyer-Coelho H, Roy M, Voyer R, Baardsnes J, Sauvageau J, St-Michael F, Robotham A, Kelly J, Acel A, Schrag JD, El Bakkouri M, Durocher Y. A CHO stable pool production platform for rapid clinical development of trimeric SARS-CoV-2 spike subunit vaccine antigens. Biotechnol Bioeng 2023. [PMID: 36987713 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Protein expression from stably transfected Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) clones is an established but time-consuming method for manufacturing therapeutic recombinant proteins. The use of faster, alternative approaches, such as non-clonal stable pools, has been restricted due to lower productivity and longstanding regulatory guidelines. Recently, the performance of stable pools has improved dramatically, making them a viable option for quickly producing drug substance for GLP-toxicology and early-phase clinical trials in scenarios such as pandemics that demand rapid production timelines. Compared to stable CHO clones which can take several months to generate and characterize, stable pool development can be completed in only a few weeks. Here, we compared the productivity and product quality of trimeric SARS-CoV-2 spike protein ectodomains produced from stable CHO pools or clones. Using a set of biophysical and biochemical assays we show that product quality is very similar and that CHO pools demonstrate sufficient productivity to generate vaccine candidates for early clinical trials. Based on these data, we propose that regulatory guidelines should be updated to permit production of early clinical trial material from CHO pools to enable more rapid and cost-effective clinical evaluation of potentially life-saving vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Joubert
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Matthew Stuible
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Simon Lord-Dufour
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Linda Lamoureux
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - François Vaillancourt
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Sylvie Perret
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Manon Ouimet
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Alex Pelletier
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Louis Bisson
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Rohan Mahimkar
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Phuong Lan Pham
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Helene L Ecuyer-Coelho
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Marjolaine Roy
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Robert Voyer
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jason Baardsnes
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Janelle Sauvageau
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Frank St-Michael
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anna Robotham
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - John Kelly
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrea Acel
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Joseph D Schrag
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Majida El Bakkouri
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Yves Durocher
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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4
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Haley AC, Thorpe D, Pelletier A, Yarosh S, Keefe DF. Inward VR: Toward a Qualitative Method for Investigating Interoceptive Awareness in VR. IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph 2023; PP:2557-2566. [PMID: 37027715 DOI: 10.1109/tvcg.2023.3247074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Immersive virtual reality (VR) technologies can produce powerful illusions of being in another place or inhabiting another body, and theories of presence and embodiment provide valuable guidance to designers of VR applications that use these illusions to "take us elsewhere." However, an increasingly common design goal for VR experiences is to develop a deeper awareness of the internal landscape of one's own body (i.e., interoceptive awareness); here, design guidelines and evaluative techniques are less clear. To address this, we present a methodology, including a reusable codebook, for adapting the five dimensions of the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (MAIA) conceptual framework to explore interoceptive awareness in VR experiences via qualitative interviews. We report results from a first exploratory study (n=21) applying this method to understand the interoceptive experiences of users in a VR environment. The environment includes a guided body scan exercise with a motion-tracked avatar visible in a virtual mirror and an interactive visualization of a biometric signal detected via a heartbeat sensor. The results provide new insights on how this example VR experience might be refined to better support interoceptive awareness and how the methodology might continue to be refined for understanding other "inward-facing" VR experiences.
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5
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Haber H, Pelletier A, Leung S, Feltmate C. Risk Factors Associated with Blood Transfusion in Laparoscopic Hysterectomy. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2022.09.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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6
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Sheff JG, Kelly JF, Robotham A, Sulea T, Malenfant F, L'Abbé D, Duchesne M, Pelletier A, Lefebvre J, Acel A, Parat M, Gosselin M, Wu C, Fortin Y, Baardsnes J, Van Faassen H, Awrey S, Chafe SC, McDonald PC, Dedhar S, Lenferink AEG. Hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry reveals three unique binding responses of mAbs directed to the catalytic domain of hCAIX. MAbs 2021; 13:1997072. [PMID: 34812124 PMCID: PMC8632303 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2021.1997072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Human carbonic anhydrase (hCAIX), an extracellular enzyme that catalyzes the reversible hydration of CO2, is often overexpressed in solid tumors. This enzyme is instrumental in maintaining the survival of cancer cells in a hypoxic and acidic tumor microenvironment. Absent in most normal tissues, hCAIX is a promising therapeutic target for detection and treatment of solid tumors. Screening of a library of anti-hCAIX monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) previously identified three therapeutic candidates (mAb c2C7, m4A2 and m9B6) with distinct biophysical and functional characteristics. Selective binding to the catalytic domain was confirmed by yeast surface display and isothermal calorimetry, and deeper insight into the dynamic binding profiles of these mAbs upon binding were highlighted by bottom-up hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS). Here, a conformational and allosterically silent epitope was identified for the antibody-drug conjugate candidate c2C7. Unique binding profiles are described for both inhibitory antibodies, m4A2 and m9B6. M4A2 reduces the ability of the enzyme to hydrate CO2 by steric gating at the entrance of the catalytic cavity. Conversely, m9B6 disrupts the secondary structure that is necessary for substrate binding and hydration. The synergy of these two inhibitory mechanisms is demonstrated in in vitro activity assays and HDX-MS. Finally, the ability of m4A2 to modulate extracellular pH and intracellular metabolism is reported. By highlighting three unique modes by which hCAIX can be targeted, this study demonstrates both the utility of HDX-MS as an important tool in the characterization of anti-cancer biotherapeutics, and the underlying value of CAIX as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joey G Sheff
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - John F Kelly
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anna Robotham
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Traian Sulea
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Félix Malenfant
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Denis L'Abbé
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mélanie Duchesne
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alex Pelletier
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jean Lefebvre
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Andrea Acel
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marie Parat
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mylene Gosselin
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Cunle Wu
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yves Fortin
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jason Baardsnes
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Henk Van Faassen
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shannon Awrey
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Bc Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Shawn C Chafe
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Bc Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Paul C McDonald
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Bc Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Shoukat Dedhar
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Bc Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Anne E G Lenferink
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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7
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Lenferink AEG, McDonald PC, Cantin C, Grothé S, Gosselin M, Baardsnes J, Banville M, Lachance P, Robert A, Cepero-Donates Y, Radinovic S, Salois P, Parat M, Oamari H, Dulude A, Patel M, Lafrance M, Acel A, Bousquet-Gagnon N, L'Abbé D, Pelletier A, Malenfant F, Jaramillo M, O'Connor-Mccourt M, Wu C, Durocher Y, Duchesne M, Gadoury C, Marcil A, Fortin Y, Paul-Roc B, Acchione M, Chafe SC, Nemirovsky O, Lau J, Bénard F, Dedhar S. Isolation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against human carbonic anhydrase-IX. MAbs 2021; 13:1999194. [PMID: 34806527 PMCID: PMC8632296 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2021.1999194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The architectural complexity and heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment (TME) remains a substantial obstacle in the successful treatment of cancer. Hypoxia, caused by insufficient oxygen supply, and acidosis, resulting from the expulsion of acidic metabolites, are prominent features of the TME. To mitigate the consequences of the hostile TME, cancer cells metabolically rewire themselves and express a series of specific transporters and enzymes instrumental to this adaptation. One of these proteins is carbonic anhydrase (CA)IX, a zinc-containing extracellular membrane bound enzyme that has been shown to play a critical role in the maintenance of a neutral intracellular pH (pHi), allowing tumor cells to survive and thrive in these harsh conditions. Although CAIX has been considered a promising cancer target, only two antibody-based therapeutics have been clinically tested so far. To fill this gap, we generated a series of novel monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that specifically recognize the extracellular domain (ECD) of human CAIX. Here we describe the biophysical and functional properties of a set of antibodies against the CAIX ECD domain and their applicability as: 1) suitable for development as an antibody-drug-conjugate, 2) an inhibitor of CAIX enzyme activity, or 3) an imaging/detection antibody. The results presented here demonstrate the potential of these specific hCAIX mAbs for further development as novel cancer therapeutic and/or diagnostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne E G Lenferink
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council of Canada, Montréal, Canada
| | - Paul C McDonald
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Bc Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Christiane Cantin
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council of Canada, Montréal, Canada
| | - Suzanne Grothé
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council of Canada, Montréal, Canada
| | - Mylene Gosselin
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council of Canada, Montréal, Canada
| | - Jason Baardsnes
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council of Canada, Montréal, Canada
| | - Myriam Banville
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council of Canada, Montréal, Canada
| | - Paul Lachance
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council of Canada, Montréal, Canada
| | - Alma Robert
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council of Canada, Montréal, Canada
| | - Yuneivy Cepero-Donates
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council of Canada, Montréal, Canada
| | - Stevo Radinovic
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council of Canada, Montréal, Canada
| | - Patrick Salois
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council of Canada, Montréal, Canada
| | - Marie Parat
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council of Canada, Montréal, Canada
| | - Hafida Oamari
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council of Canada, Montréal, Canada
| | - Annie Dulude
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council of Canada, Montréal, Canada
| | - Mehul Patel
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council of Canada, Montréal, Canada
| | - Martin Lafrance
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council of Canada, Montréal, Canada
| | - Andrea Acel
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council of Canada, Montréal, Canada
| | - Nathalie Bousquet-Gagnon
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council of Canada, Montréal, Canada
| | - Denis L'Abbé
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council of Canada, Montréal, Canada
| | - Alex Pelletier
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council of Canada, Montréal, Canada
| | - Félix Malenfant
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council of Canada, Montréal, Canada
| | - Maria Jaramillo
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council of Canada, Montréal, Canada
| | - Maureen O'Connor-Mccourt
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council of Canada, Montréal, Canada
| | - Cunle Wu
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council of Canada, Montréal, Canada
| | - Yves Durocher
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council of Canada, Montréal, Canada
| | - Mélanie Duchesne
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council of Canada, Montréal, Canada
| | - Christine Gadoury
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council of Canada, Montréal, Canada
| | - Anne Marcil
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council of Canada, Montréal, Canada
| | - Yves Fortin
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council of Canada, Montréal, Canada
| | - Beatrice Paul-Roc
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council of Canada, Montréal, Canada
| | - Maurizio Acchione
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council of Canada, Montréal, Canada
| | - Shawn C Chafe
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Bc Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Oksana Nemirovsky
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Bc Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Joseph Lau
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Bc Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Francois Bénard
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Bc Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Shoukat Dedhar
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Bc Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
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8
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Robichaud S, Fairman G, Vijithakumar V, Mak E, Cook D, Pelletier A, Vanderhyden B, Figeys D, Lavallée-Adam M, Baetz K, Ouimet M. Identification of novel lipid droplet factors that regulate autophagy and cholesterol efflux in macrophage foam cells. Atherosclerosis 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2021.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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9
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Godin O, Leboyer M, Belzeaux R, Bellivier F, Loftus J, Courtet P, Dubertret C, Gard S, Henry C, Llorca PM, Schwan R, Passerieux C, Polosan M, Samalin L, Olié E, Etain B, Henry C, Olié E, Leboyer M, Haffen E, Llorca PM, Barteau V, Bensalem S, Godin O, Laouamri H, Souryis K, Hotier S, Pelletier A, Drancourt N, Sanchez JP, Saliou E, Hebbache C, Petrucci J, Willaume L, Bourdin E, Bellivier F, Carminati M, Etain B, Maruani J, Marlinge E, Meyrel M, Antoniol B, Desage A, Gard S, Jutant A, Mbailara K, Minois I, Zanouy L, Bardin L, Cazals A, Courtet P, Deffinis B, Ducasse D, Gachet M, Henrion A, Molière F, Noisette B, Olié E, Tarquini G, Belzeaux R, Correard N, Groppi F, Lefrere A, Lescalier L, Moreau E, Pastol J, Rebattu M, Roux B, Viglianese N, Cohen R, Schwan R, Kahn J, Milazzo M, Wajsbrot‐Elgrabli O, Bougerol T, Fredembach B, Suisse A, Halili B, Pouchon A, Polosan M, Galliot A, Grévin I, Cannavo A, Kayser N, Passerieux C, Roux P, Aubin V, Cussac I, Dupont M, Loftus J, Medecin I, Dubertret C, Mazer N, Portalier C, Scognamiglio C, Bing A. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in a sample of individuals with bipolar disorders: results from the FACE-BD cohort. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2021; 143:82-91. [PMID: 33011976 DOI: 10.1111/acps.13239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Non-Alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming the most common liver disease in Western populations. While obesity and metabolic abnormalities are highly frequent in bipolar disorders (BD), no studies have been performed to estimate the prevalence of NALFD in individuals with BD. The aim of our study is to estimate the prevalence of NAFLD and to identify the potential associated risk factors in a large sample of BD individuals. METHODS Between 2009 and 2019, 1969 BD individuals from the FACE-BD cohort were included. Individuals with liver diseases, Hepatitis B or C, and current alcohol use disorders were excluded from the analyses. A blood sample was drawn from participants. Screening of NAFLD was determined using fatty liver index (FLI). Individuals with FLI> 60 were considered as having NAFLD. RESULTS The prevalence of NAFDL in this sample was estimated at 28.4%. NAFLD was observed in 40% of men and 21% of women. NAFLD was independently associated with older age, male gender, sleep disturbances, and current use of atypical antipsychotics or anxiolytics. As expected, the prevalence of NALFD was also higher in individuals with overweight and in those with metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSIONS This study reinforces the view that individuals with BD are highly vulnerable to metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. The prevalence of NAFLD in individuals with BD was two times higher than the prevalence reported in the general population. The regular screening of the MetS in individuals with BD should be therefore complemented by the additional screening of NAFLD among these vulnerable individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ophelia Godin
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Inserm U955, IMRB, Laboratoire Neuro-Psychiatrie Translationnelle, Université Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France.,AP-HP, HU Henri Mondor, Département Medico-Universitaire de Psychiatrie et d'Addictologie (DMU ADAPT), Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire de Médecine de Precision (FHU IMPACT), Créteil, France.,Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
| | - Marion Leboyer
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Inserm U955, IMRB, Laboratoire Neuro-Psychiatrie Translationnelle, Université Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France.,AP-HP, HU Henri Mondor, Département Medico-Universitaire de Psychiatrie et d'Addictologie (DMU ADAPT), Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire de Médecine de Precision (FHU IMPACT), Créteil, France.,Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
| | - Raoul Belzeaux
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Pôle de Psychiatrie, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France.,INT-UMR7289, CNRS Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Frank Bellivier
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), GHU Saint-Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal, DMU Neurosciences, Département de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, INSERM UMRS 1144, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Joséphine Loftus
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Pôle de Psychiatrie, Centre Hospitalier Princesse Grace, Monaco, France
| | - Philippe Courtet
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,PSNREC, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Caroline Dubertret
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalo-universitaire Nord, DMU ESPRIT, Service de Psychiatrie et Addictologie, Hopital Louis Mourier, Colombes, France.,Inserm U1266, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Sebastien Gard
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Centre Expert Troubles Bipolaires, Service de Psychiatrie Adulte, Hôpital Charles-Perrens, Bordeaux, France
| | - Chantal Henry
- Department of Psychiatry, Service Hospitalo-Universitaire, GHU Paris Psychiatrie & Neurosciences, Paris, France
| | - Pierre-Michel Llorca
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Department of Psychiatry, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Raymund Schwan
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Inserm U1114, Centre Psychothérapique de Nancy, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Christine Passerieux
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Service Universitaire de Psychiatrie d'Adultes, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, Le Chesnay, Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, CESP, Team "DevPsy", Villejuif, France
| | - Mircea Polosan
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences (GIN) Inserm U 1216, CHU de Grenoble et des Alpes, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Ludovic Samalin
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Department of Psychiatry, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Emilie Olié
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,INT-UMR7289, CNRS Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Bruno Etain
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), GHU Saint-Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal, DMU Neurosciences, Département de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, INSERM UMRS 1144, Université de Paris, Paris, France
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Haber H, Pelletier A, Leung S, Feltmate C. Cost-Effectiveness of Preoperative Type and Screen in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Hysterectomy. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2020.08.393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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11
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Samalin L, Godin O, Olié E, Etain B, Henry C, Pelletier A, Poinso F, Encely L, Mazer N, Roux P, Loftus J, Gard S, Bennabi D, Polosan M, Schwitzer T, Aubin V, Schwan R, Passerieux C, Bougerol T, Dubertret C, Aouizerate B, Haffen E, Courtet P, Bellivier F, Leboyer M, Llorca PM, Belzeaux R. Evolution and characteristics of the use of valproate in women of childbearing age with bipolar disorder: Results from the FACE-BD cohort. J Affect Disord 2020; 276:963-969. [PMID: 32745833 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.07.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Valproate is associated with teratogenic and neurodevelopmental effects. Several agencies have restricted the conditions of its prescription in bipolar disorders (BD). We aimed to assess the evolution of valproate prescription and the clinical profile of BD women of childbearing age receiving valproate. METHODS Based on a large national cohort, we included all BD women 16-50 years old. Sociodemographic, clinical and pharmacological data were recorded. Logistic regression analyses were used to describe variables associated with valproate prescription. RESULTS Of the 1018 included women 16-50 years old, 26.9% were treated with valproate with a mean daily dosage of 968 mg. The prevalence of BD women using valproate was 32.6% before May 2015 and 17.3% after May 2015 (p<0.001), the date of French regulatory publication of restriction of valproate prescription. The multivariate analysis revealed that the inclusion period after May 2015 (OR=0.54, CI 95% 0.37-0.78, p=0.001), the age lower than 40 years (OR=0.65, CI 95% 0.43-0.98, p=0.040) and the number of lifetime mood episodes (OR=0.98, CI 95% 0.95-0.99, p=0.040) were the variables negatively associated with the use of valproate. LIMITATIONS Study could be underpowered to determine a clinical profile associated with valproate prescription. CONCLUSIONS The regulatory change in BD women of childbearing age had a significant impact on valproate prescription, even if the prescription rate remains high. Important efforts are needed to help clinicians and patients to improve quality of care in BD women of childbearing age.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Samalin
- Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France; Department of Psychiatry, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, University of Clermont Auvergne, EA 7280, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - O Godin
- Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France; INSERM U955, Équipe de Psychiatrie Translationnelle, Université Paris-Est Créteil, DHU Pe-PSY, Pôle de Psychiatrie des Hôpitaux Universitaires H Mondor, Créteil, France
| | - E Olié
- Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France; Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, CHU de Montpellier, PSNREC, University Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - B Etain
- Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France; AP-HP, GH Saint-Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal, Pôle Neurosciences Tête et Cou, Département de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, INSERM UMRS 1144, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - C Henry
- Department of Psychiatry, Service Hospitalo-Universitaire, GHU Paris Psychiatrie and Neurosciences, Université Descartes, Paris, France
| | - A Pelletier
- Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France; AP-HP, DMU IMPACT, Psychiatry and Addictology of Mondor University Hospital, University Paris-Est-Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - F Poinso
- Pôle de Psychiatrie, APHM, Marseille, France; INT-UMR7289, CNRS Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - L Encely
- Pôle de Psychiatrie, APHM, Marseille, France; INT-UMR7289, CNRS Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - N Mazer
- Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France; AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalo-universitaire AP-HP Nord, DMU ESPRIT, Service de Psychiatrie et Addictologie, Hôpital Louis Mourier, Colombes, Inserm U1266, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris, France
| | - P Roux
- Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France; Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, Service Universitaire de psychiatrie d'adulte et d'addictologie, Le Chesnay, EA 4047 HANDIReSP, UFR des Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Equipe « PsyDev », CESP, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, 94807 Villejuif, France
| | - J Loftus
- Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France; Department of Psychiatry, Princess-Grace Hospital, Monaco, Monaco
| | - S Gard
- Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France; Department of Psychiatry, Princess-Grace Hospital, Monaco, Monaco
| | - D Bennabi
- Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France; Department of Clinical Psychiatry, CIC-1431 INSERM, CHU de Besançon, EA481 Neurosciences, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, France
| | - M Polosan
- Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France; CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, Inserm, U1216, University of Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - T Schwitzer
- Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France; Centre Psychothérapique de Nancy, Pôle Hospitalo-universitaire de Psychiatrie d'Adultes du Grand Nancy, Laxou F-54520, France
| | - V Aubin
- Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France; Department of Psychiatry, Princess-Grace Hospital, Monaco, Monaco
| | - R Schwan
- Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France; Centre Psychothérapique de Nancy, Pôle Hospitalo-universitaire de Psychiatrie d'Adultes du Grand Nancy, Laxou F-54520, France
| | - C Passerieux
- Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France; Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, Service Universitaire de psychiatrie d'adulte et d'addictologie, Le Chesnay, EA 4047 HANDIReSP, UFR des Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Equipe « PsyDev », CESP, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, 94807 Villejuif, France
| | - T Bougerol
- Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France; CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, Inserm, U1216, University of Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - C Dubertret
- Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France; AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalo-universitaire AP-HP Nord, DMU ESPRIT, Service de Psychiatrie et Addictologie, Hôpital Louis Mourier, Colombes, Inserm U1266, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris, France
| | - B Aouizerate
- Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France; Department of Clinical and Academic Psychiatry, Charles-Perrens Hospital, Bordeaux, France; NutriNeuro, UMR INRA 1286, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - E Haffen
- Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France; Department of Clinical Psychiatry, CIC-1431 INSERM, CHU de Besançon, EA481 Neurosciences, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, France
| | - P Courtet
- Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France; Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, CHU de Montpellier, PSNREC, University Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - F Bellivier
- Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France; AP-HP, GH Saint-Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal, Pôle Neurosciences Tête et Cou, Département de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, INSERM UMRS 1144, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - M Leboyer
- Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France; AP-HP, DMU IMPACT, Psychiatry and Addictology of Mondor University Hospital, University Paris-Est-Créteil, Créteil, France
| | | | - P M Llorca
- Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France; Department of Psychiatry, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, University of Clermont Auvergne, EA 7280, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - R Belzeaux
- Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France; Pôle de Psychiatrie, APHM, Marseille, France; INT-UMR7289, CNRS Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
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12
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Godin O, Leboyer M, Mazroui Y, Aouizerate B, Azorin JM, Raoul B, Bellivier F, Polosan M, Courtet P, Dubertret C, Henry C, Kahn JP, Loftus J, Olié E, Passerieux C, Costagliola D, Etain B, Llorca P, Barteau V, Bensalem S, Laaidi M, Laouamri H, Souryis K, Hotier S, Pelletier A, Drancourt N, Sanchez J, Saliou E, Hebbache C, Petrucci J, Willaume L, Bourdin E, Carminati M, Etain B, Marlinge E, Meheust J, Antoniol B, Desage A, Gard S, Jutant A, Mbailara K, Minois I, Zanouy L, Abettan C, Bardin L, Cazals A, Deffinis B, Ducasse D, Gachet M, Henrion A, Martinerie E, Molière F, Noisette B, Tarquini G, Belzeaux R, Correard N, Consoloni JL, Groppi F, Lescalier L, Montant J, Rebattu M, Viglianese N, Cohen R, Milazzo M, Wajsbrot-Elgrabli O, Bougerol T, Fredembach B, Garçon S, Grignon P, Perrin A, Galliot A, Grévin I, Cannavo A, Kayser N, Roux P, Aubin V, Cussac I, Dupont M, Medecin I, Mazer N, Portalier C. Trajectories of functioning in bipolar disorders: A longitudinal study in the FondaMental Advanced Centers of Expertise in Bipolar Disorders cohort. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2020; 54:985-996. [PMID: 32779531 DOI: 10.1177/0004867420945796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed at identifying distinct trajectories of functioning and at describing their respective clinical characteristics in a cohort of individuals with bipolar disorders. METHODS We included a sample of 2351 individuals with bipolar disorders who have been followed-up to 3 years as part as the FondaMental Advanced Centers of Expertise in Bipolar Disorders cohort. Global functioning was measured using the Functioning Assessment Short Test. We used latent class mixed models to identify distinct longitudinal trajectories of functioning over 3 years. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify the baseline factors that were associated with the membership to each trajectory of functioning. RESULTS Three distinct trajectories of functioning were identified: (1) a majority of individuals (72%) had a stable trajectory of mild functional impairment, (2) 20% of individuals had a stable trajectory of severe functional impairment and (3) 8% of individuals had a trajectory of moderate functional impairment that improved over time. The membership to a trajectory of stable severe versus stable mild functional impairment was associated with unemployment, a higher number of previous hospitalizations, childhood maltreatment, a higher level of residual depressive symptoms, higher sleep disturbances, a higher body mass index and a higher number of psychotropic medications being prescribed at baseline. The model that included these seven factors led to an area under the curve of 0.85. CONCLUSION This study enabled to stratify individuals with bipolar disorders according to three distinct trajectories of functioning. The results regarding the potential determinants of the trajectory of severe functional impairment needs to be replicated in independent samples. Nevertheless, these potential determinants may represent possible therapeutic targets to improve the prognosis of those patients at risk of persistent poor functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ophelia Godin
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Université Paris Est Créteil, Inserm U955, IMRB, Laboratoire Neuro-Psychiatrie Translationnelle, Créteil, France.,AP-HP, HU Henri Mondor, Departement Medico-Universitaire de Psychiatrie et d'Addictologie (DMU ADAPT), Federation Hospitalo-Universitaire de Médecine de Precision (FHU IMPACT), Paris, France
| | - Marion Leboyer
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Université Paris Est Créteil, Inserm U955, IMRB, Laboratoire Neuro-Psychiatrie Translationnelle, Créteil, France.,AP-HP, HU Henri Mondor, Departement Medico-Universitaire de Psychiatrie et d'Addictologie (DMU ADAPT), Federation Hospitalo-Universitaire de Médecine de Precision (FHU IMPACT), Paris, France
| | - Yassin Mazroui
- Laboratoire de Probabilités, Statistiques et Modélisation (LPSM), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Aouizerate
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Centre Expert Troubles Bipolaires, Service de Psychiatrie Adulte, Hôpital Charles-Perrens, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jean-Michel Azorin
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Pôle de Psychiatrie, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France.,CNRS Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Belzeaux Raoul
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Pôle de Psychiatrie, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France.,CNRS Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Frank Bellivier
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), GHU Saint-Louis-Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, DMU Neurosciences, Département de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, INSERM UMRS 1144, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Mircea Polosan
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Université Grenoble Alpes, CHU de Grenoble et des Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences (GIN) Inserm U1216, Grenoble, France
| | - Philippe Courtet
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Département Urgence et Post-urgence Psychiatrique, CHU Montpellier, INSERM U1061, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Caroline Dubertret
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalo-Universitaire Nord, DMU ESPRIT, Service de Psychiatrie et Addictologie, Hopital Louis Mourier, Colombes, Inserm U1266, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Chantal Henry
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Department of Psychiatry, Service Hospitalo-Universitaire, GHU Paris Psychiatrie & Neurosciences, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Kahn
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Université de Lorraine, CHRU de Nancy et Pôle de Psychiatrie et Psychologie Clinique, Centre Psychothérapique de Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Josephine Loftus
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Pôle de Psychiatrie, Centre Hospitalier Princesse Grace, Monaco, France
| | - Emilie Olié
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Département Urgence et Post-urgence Psychiatrique, CHU Montpellier, INSERM U1061, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Christine Passerieux
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Service Universitaire de Psychiatrie d'Adultes, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, Le Chesnay, Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, CESP, Team 'DevPsy', Villejuif, France
| | - Dominique Costagliola
- INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP), Paris, France
| | - Bruno Etain
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), GHU Saint-Louis-Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, DMU Neurosciences, Département de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, INSERM UMRS 1144, Université de Paris, Paris, France
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Baril AA, Gagnon JF, Pelletier A, Soucy JP, Gosselin N, Postuma R, Montplaisir J. Changes in frontal perfusion over time in rem sleep behavior disorder. Sleep Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2019.11.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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14
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Yao C, Wolfson C, Pelletier A, Postuma R. Is trauma-associated sleep disorder a sub-form REM sleep behavior disorder? a Canadian longitudinal study on aging cohort study. Sleep Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2019.11.1209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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15
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Jankowski CK, Pelletier A, Díaz E, R. Belanger JM, J. Paré J, Lamouroux C, Boivin J. Reactions of Vinylcyclopropane and Bicyclopropyl Compounds With Maleic Anhydride. J MEX CHEM SOC 2019. [DOI: 10.29356/jmcs.v53i4.974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Vinylcyclopropane and bicyclopropyl C6 compounds are studied as diene precursors in the Diels-Alder reaction. Their rearrangement under different thermal and microwave conditions leads to specific isomeric hexa-, penta- or butadienes, condensed with maleic anhydride as a dienophile. Adduct stereochemistries were compared to those of previously-synthesized model compounds, and are fully characterized with 2D NMR and GC-MS spectroscopies. Some unsaturated terpenes bearing vinylcyclopropane moieties were also condensed, and their adduct structures assigned.
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Kim R, Pelletier A, Delli-Bovi L, Donnenfeld B, Bartz D. Safety reporting of deep sedation without intubation during suction abortion in the outpatient setting. Contraception 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2018.07.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Rennie K, Atkinson T, Brown L, Menard M, Brunette E, Pelletier A, Jiang S, Baumann E, Delaney C, Grazzini E, Haqqani A, Lessard E, Rosa-Neto P, Gillard J, Yoganathan N, Tiwari K, Paquette D, Patel M, Durocher Y, Stanimirovic D, Chakravarthy B. P1‐072: PRE‐CLINICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF HUMANIZED, BLOOD‐BRAIN BARRIER (BBB)‐PENETRATING, AMYLOID‐β (Aβ) OLIGOMER‐TARGETING FUSION PROTEIN. Alzheimers Dement 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2018.06.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Pedro Rosa-Neto
- Translational Neuroimaging LaboratoryMcGill UniversityVerdunQCCanada
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Aknouche F, Maruejouls C, Pelletier A, Gasnot W, Pellegrino F, Ameline A, Richeval C, Shapira AJ, Coulon A, Allorge D, Gaulier JM, Kintz P. Administration cachée de NPS et trafic : investigation dans plusieurs matrices dont des vêtements. Toxicologie Analytique et Clinique 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxac.2018.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Barbolosi M, Imbs D, Tomasini P, Greillier L, Galloux M, Testot-Ferry A, Garcia M, Elharrar X, Pelletier A, Andre N, Mascaux C, Lacarelle B, El Cheikh R, Serre R, Ciccolini J, Barbolosi D, Barlesi F. Modélisation mathématique dans un essai clinique de phase 1 : application dans le traitement des cancers bronchiques non à petites cellules et des mésothéliomes avancés, par vinorelbine orale, selon un schéma métronomique. Rev Mal Respir 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2017.10.226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Bourgouin PA, Rahayel S, Gaubert M, Postuma R, Montplaisir J, Carrier J, Monchi O, Pelletier A, Gagnon JF. Gray matter volume correlates of depressive and anxiety symptoms in idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder. Sleep Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2017.11.298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Yao C, Fereshtehnejad SM, Keezer M, Wolfson C, Pelletier A, Postuma R. Prevalence and associated factors for REM sleep behaviour disorder: a nation-wide population-based study of 30,097 Canadian adults. Sleep Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2017.11.1044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Pelletier A, Adam B, Gagnon J, Postuma RB, Paquet J, Montplaisir J. 0727 TONIC AND PHASIC CHIN EMG DENSITY IN IDIOPATHIC REM SLEEP BEHAVIOR DISORDER. Sleep 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/sleepj/zsx050.726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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He Y, Northey JJ, Pelletier A, Kos Z, Meunier L, Haibe-Kains B, Mes-Masson AM, Côté JF, Siegel PM, Lamarche-Vane N. The Cdc42/Rac1 regulator CdGAP is a novel E-cadherin transcriptional co-repressor with Zeb2 in breast cancer. Oncogene 2017; 36:3490-3503. [PMID: 28135249 PMCID: PMC5423781 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The loss of E-cadherin causes dysfunction of the cell-cell junction machinery, which is an initial step in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), facilitating cancer cell invasion and the formation of metastases. A set of transcriptional repressors of E-cadherin (CDH1) gene expression, including Snail1, Snail2 and Zeb2 mediate E-cadherin downregulation in breast cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the control of E-cadherin expression in breast cancer progression remain largely unknown. Here, by using global gene expression approaches, we uncover a novel function for Cdc42 GTPase-activating protein (CdGAP) in the regulation of expression of genes involved in EMT. We found that CdGAP used its proline-rich domain to form a functional complex with Zeb2 to mediate the repression of E-cadherin expression in ErbB2-transformed breast cancer cells. Conversely, knockdown of CdGAP expression led to a decrease of the transcriptional repressors Snail1 and Zeb2, and this correlated with an increase in E-cadherin levels, restoration of cell-cell junctions, and epithelial-like morphological changes. In vivo, loss of CdGAP in ErbB2-transformed breast cancer cells impaired tumor growth and suppressed metastasis to lungs. Finally, CdGAP was highly expressed in basal-type breast cancer cells, and its strong expression correlated with poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. Together, these data support a previously unknown nuclear function for CdGAP where it cooperates in a GAP-independent manner with transcriptional repressors to function as a critical modulator of breast cancer through repression of E-cadherin transcription. Targeting Zeb2-CdGAP interactions may represent novel therapeutic opportunities for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y He
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - J J Northey
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - A Pelletier
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Z Kos
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - L Meunier
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CR/CHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - B Haibe-Kains
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - A-M Mes-Masson
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CR/CHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - J-F Côté
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - P M Siegel
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - N Lamarche-Vane
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Michelson KA, Ho T, Pelletier A, Al Ayubi S, Bourgeois F. A Mobile, Collaborative, Real Time Task List for Inpatient Environments. Appl Clin Inform 2016; 6:677-83. [PMID: 26767063 DOI: 10.4338/aci-2015-05-cr-0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inpatient teams commonly track their tasks using paper checklists that are not shared between team members. Team members frequently communicate redundantly in order to prevent errors. METHODS We created a mobile, collaborative, real-time task list application on the iOS platform. The application listed tasks for each patient, allowed users to check them off as completed, and transmitted that information to all other team members. In this report, we qualitatively describe our experience designing and piloting the application with an inpatient pediatric ward team at an academic pediatric hospital. RESULTS We successfully created the tasklist application, however team members showed limited usage. CONCLUSION Physicians described that they preferred the immediacy and familiarity of paper, and did not experience an efficiency benefit when using the electronic tasklist.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Michelson
- Boston Children's Hospital , Boston, MA, United States
| | - T Ho
- Boston Children's Hospital , Boston, MA, United States
| | - A Pelletier
- Boston Children's Hospital, Innovation Acceleration Program , Boston, MA, United States
| | - S Al Ayubi
- Boston Children's Hospital, Innovation Acceleration Program , Boston, MA, United States
| | - F Bourgeois
- Boston Children's Hospital , Boston, MA, United States
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James CA, DeRoy P, Duplessis M, Edwards PJ, Halmos T, Minville J, Morency L, Morin S, Simoneau B, Tremblay M, Bethell R, Cordingley M, Duan J, Lamorte L, Pelletier A, Rajotte D, Salois P, Tremblay S, Sturino CF. Nucleotide competing reverse transcriptase inhibitors: discovery of a series of non-basic benzofurano[3,2-d]pyrimidin-2-one derived inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:2781-6. [PMID: 23545107 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Revised: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A HTS screen led to the identification of a benzofurano[3,2-d]pyrimidin-2-one core structure which upon further optimization resulted in 1 as a potent HIV-1 nucleotide competing reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NcRTI). Investigation of the SAR at N-1 allowed significant improvements in potency and when combined with the incorporation of heterocycles at C-8 resulted in potent analogues not requiring a basic amine to achieve antiviral activity. Additional modifications at N-1 resulted in 33 which demonstrated excellent antiviral potency and improved physicochemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clint A James
- Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd, Research and Development, 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Québec, Canada H7S 2G5.
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Pelletier A, Obbard M, Mills K, Howe E, Burrows F, White B, Kyle C. Delineating genetic groupings in continuously distributed species across largely homogeneous landscapes: a study of American black bears (Ursus americanus) in Ontario, Canada. CAN J ZOOL 2012. [DOI: 10.1139/z2012-068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
There is a crucial need to understand the genetic consequences of landscape modifications on continuous populations that could become fragmented, and to evaluate the degree of differentiation of isolated populations that were historically part of the core. Using 15 microsatellite loci, we evaluated the genetic structure of American black bears ( Ursus americanus Pallas, 1780) across a vast, contiguous Ontario landscape (>1 × 106 km2) that largely represents their pre-European settlement distribution. Because geographic barriers are absent, we predicted that isolation by distance would drive genetic structure. We identified three genetic clusters (Northwest, Southeast, and Bruce Peninsula) that were less differentiated than when assessed with mtDNA, suggesting the influence of male-biased dispersal on large-scale genetic differentiation. Isolation by distance (r = 0.552, P = 0.001) was supported by a weak, clinal variation between Northwest and Southeast, illustrating the challenges to delineate populations in wide-ranging taxa. The Bruce Peninsula cluster, confined to a small area under strong anthropogenic pressures, was more differentiated from neighbouring clusters (FST > 0.13, P < 0.0001), with a genetic diversity corresponding to disjunct populations of black bears. Our results could be used in landscape genetics models to project the evolution of population differentiation based on upcoming landscape modifications in northern regions of North America.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Pelletier
- Environmental and Life Sciences Program, Environmental Science Building, Trent University, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada
| | - M.E. Obbard
- Wildlife Research and Development Section, ON Ministry of Natural Resources, DNA Building, Trent University, 2140 East Bank Drive, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada
| | - K. Mills
- Biology Section, Centre of Forensic Sciences, Ministry of Community Safety and Correctional Services, 25 Grosvenor Street, Toronto, ON M7A 2G8, Canada
| | - E.J. Howe
- Wildlife Research and Development Section, ON Ministry of Natural Resources, DNA Building, Trent University, 2140 East Bank Drive, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada
| | - F.G. Burrows
- Bruce Peninsula National Park and Fathom Five National Marine Park, Parks Canada, P.O. Box 189, 248 Big Tub Road, Tobermory, ON N0H 2R0, Canada
| | - B.N. White
- Natural Resources DNA Profiling and Forensic Centre, DNA Building, Trent University, 2140 East Bank Drive, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada
| | - C.J. Kyle
- Forensic Science Department, DNA Building, Trent University, 2140 East Bank Drive, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada
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Postuma RB, Montplaisir JY, Pelletier A, Dauvilliers Y, Oertel W, Iranzo A, Ferini-Strambi L, Arnulf I, Hogl B, Manni R, Miyamoto T, Mayer G, Stiasny-Kolster K, Puligheddu M, Ju Y, Jennum P, Sonka K, Santamaria J, Fantini ML, Zucconi M, Leu-Semenescu S, Frauscher B, Terzaghi M, Miyamoto M, Unger MM, Cochen De Cock V, Wolfson C. Environmental risk factors for REM sleep behavior disorder: a multicenter case-control study. Neurology 2012; 79:428-34. [PMID: 22744670 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e31825dd383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder is a parasomnia characterized by dream enactment and is commonly a prediagnostic sign of parkinsonism and dementia. Since risk factors have not been defined, we initiated a multicenter case-control study to assess environmental and lifestyle risk factors for REM sleep behavior disorder. METHODS Cases were patients with idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder who were free of dementia and parkinsonism, recruited from 13 International REM Sleep Behavior Disorder Study Group centers. Controls were matched according to age and sex. Potential environmental and lifestyle risk factors were assessed via standardized questionnaire. Unconditional logistic regression adjusting for age, sex, and center was conducted to investigate the environmental factors. RESULTS A total of 694 participants (347 patients, 347 controls) were recruited. Among cases, mean age was 67.7 ± 9.6 years and 81.0% were male. Cases were more likely to smoke (ever smokers = 64.0% vs 55.5%, adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 1.43, p = 0.028). Caffeine and alcohol use were not different between cases and controls. Cases were more likely to report previous head injury (19.3% vs 12.7%, OR = 1.59, p = 0.037). Cases had fewer years of formal schooling (11.1 ± 4.4 years vs 12.7 ± 4.3, p < 0.001), and were more likely to report having worked as farmers (19.7% vs 12.5% OR = 1.67, p = 0.022) with borderline increase in welding (17.8% vs 12.1%, OR = 1.53, p = 0.063). Previous occupational pesticide exposure was more prevalent in cases than controls (11.8% vs 6.1%, OR = 2.16, p = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS Smoking, head injury, pesticide exposure, and farming are potential risk factors for idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- R B Postuma
- Department of Neurology, McGill University, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal, Canada.
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Postuma RB, Lang AE, Gagnon JF, Pelletier A, Montplaisir JY. How does parkinsonism start? Prodromal parkinsonism motor changes in idiopathic REM sleep behaviour disorder. Brain 2012; 135:1860-70. [PMID: 22561644 DOI: 10.1093/brain/aws093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinsonism, as a gradually progressive disorder, has a prodromal interval during which neurodegeneration has begun but cardinal manifestations have not fully developed. A systematic direct assessment of this interval has never been performed. Since patients with idiopathic REM sleep behaviour disorder are at very high risk of parkinsonism, they provide a unique opportunity to observe directly the development of parkinsonism. Patients with idiopathic REM sleep behaviour disorder in an ongoing cohort study were evaluated annually with several quantitative motor measures, including the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale, Purdue Pegboard, alternate-tap test and timed up-and-go. Patients who developed parkinsonism were identified from this cohort and matched according to age to normal controls. Their results on motor testing from the preceding years were plotted, and then assessed with regression analysis, to determine when markers first deviated from normal values. Sensitivity and specificity of quantitative motor markers for diagnosing prodromal parkinsonism were assessed. Of 78 patients, 20 developed parkinsonism. On regression analysis, the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale first intersected normal values at an estimated 4.5 years before diagnosis. Voice and face akinesia intersected earliest (estimated prodromal interval = 9.8 years), followed by rigidity (4.4 years), gait abnormalities (4.4 years) and limb bradykinesia (4.2 years). Quantitative motor tests intersected normal values at longer prodromal intervals than subjective examination (Purdue Pegboard = 8.6 years, alternate-tap = 8.2, timed up-and-go = 6.3). Using Purdue Pegboard and the alternate-tap test, parkinsonism could be detected with 71-82% sensitivity and specificity 3 years before diagnosis, whereas a Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale score >4 identified prodromal parkinsonism with 88% sensitivity and 94% specificity 2 years before diagnosis. Removal of action tremor scores improved sensitivity to 94% and specificity to 97% at 2 years before diagnosis (cut-off >3). Although distinction between conditions was often difficult, prodromal dementia with Lewy bodies appeared to have a slower progression than Parkinson's disease (prodromal interval = 6.0 versus 3.8 years). Using a cut-off of Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale >3 (excluding action tremor), 25% of patients with 'still-idiopathic' REM sleep behaviour disorder demonstrated evidence of possible prodromal parkinsonism. Therefore, using direct assessment of motor examination before parkinsonism in a REM sleep behaviour disorder, we have estimated a prodromal interval of ∼4.5 years on the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale; other quantitative markers may detect parkinsonism earlier. Simple quantitative motor measures may be capable of reliably detecting parkinsonism, even before a clinical diagnosis can be made by experienced movement disorders neurologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- R B Postuma
- Department of Neurology, McGill University, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal, QC H3G 1A4, Canada
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Abstract
AIM To describe and assess routine procedures and practices for incubator temperature and humidity management in France in 2009. METHODS A questionnaire was sent to all the 186 neonatal care units in France. RESULTS The questionnaire return rate was 86%. Seventy-five per cent of the units preferred skin servo-control to air temperature control in routine practice. Air temperature control was mainly used for infants with a gestational age of more than 28 weeks and aged over 7 days of life. In general, thermal management decisions did not depend on the infant's age but were based on a protocol applied specifically by each unit. All units humidified the incubator air, but there was a large difference between the lowest and highest reported humidity values (45% and 100% assumed to be a maximal value, respectively). More than 65% of the units used a fixed humidity value, rather than a variable, protocol-derived value. CONCLUSION We observed large variations in incubator temperature and humidity management approaches from one neonatal care unit to another. There is a need for more evidence to better inform practice. A task force should be formed to guide clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Deguines
- Médecine Néonatale et Réanimation Pédiatrique Polyvalente, CHU Amiens, France
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Rios Romenets S, Wolfson C, Galatas C, Pelletier A, Altman R, Wadup L, Postuma R. Validation of the non-motor symptoms questionnaire (NMS-Quest). Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2012; 18:54-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2011.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2011] [Revised: 08/12/2011] [Accepted: 08/16/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Abstract
Bacillus megaterium P1, a bacterial strain capable of hydrolyzing chitosan, was isolated from soil samples. Chitosan-degrading activity was induced by chitosan but not by its constituent d-glucosamine. Extracellular secretion of chitosanase reached levels corresponding to 1 U/ml under optimal conditions. Three chitosan-degrading proteins (chitosanases A, B, and C) were purified to homogeneity. Chitosanase A (43 kilodaltons) was highly specific for chitosan and represented the major chitosan-hydrolyzing species. Chitosanases B (39.5 kilodaltons) and C (22 kilodaltons) corresponded to minor activities and possessed comparable specific activities toward chitosan, chitin, and cellulose. Chitosanase A was active from pH 4.5 to 6.5 and was stable on the basis of activity up to 45 degrees C. The optimum temperature for enzymatic chitosan hydrolysis was 50 degrees C. Kinetic studies on chitosanase A suggest that the enzyme is substrate inhibited. The apparent K(m) and V(max) determined at 22 degrees C and pH 5.6 were 0.8 mg/ml and 280 U/mg, respectively. End products of chitosan hydrolysis by each of the three chitosanases were identified as glucosamine oligomers, similar to those obtained for previously reported chitosanase digestions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pelletier
- Département de Biochimie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
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Pelletier A, Gazoni F, Brown D, Camargo C. National Study of U.S. Emergency Department Visits for Urolithiasis, 1993-2004. Acad Emerg Med 2007. [DOI: 10.1197/j.aem.2007.03.731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Goldstein J, Delaney K, Pelletier A, Fisher J, Blanc P, Halsey M, Pallin D, Camargo C. A Brief Educational Intervention Does Not Change Patient Attitudes Towards Research Involving an Emergency Exception from Informed Consent. Acad Emerg Med 2007. [DOI: 10.1197/j.aem.2007.03.1128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Moussally J, Pallin D, Goldstein J, Pelletier A, Camargo C. 62. Ann Emerg Med 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2006.07.510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Gilles L, Favier B, Lombard I, Ardiet C, Boufercha R, Catros F, Eppling I, Fourmaintraux D, Gondran C, Merle J, Pelletier A, Roussel A, Latour J. Médicaments cytotoxiques : évaluation de l’impact de la purge des lignes de perfusion sur l’exposition du personnel infirmier. ARCH MAL PROF ENVIRO 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s1775-8785(04)93002-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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White PW, Titolo S, Brault K, Thauvette L, Pelletier A, Welchner E, Bourgon L, Doyon L, Ogilvie WW, Yoakim C, Cordingley MG, Archambault J. Inhibition of human papillomavirus DNA replication by small molecule antagonists of the E1-E2 protein interaction. J Biol Chem 2003; 278:26765-72. [PMID: 12730224 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m303608200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA replication is initiated by recruitment of the E1 helicase by the E2 protein to the viral origin. Screening of our corporate compound collection with an assay measuring the cooperative binding of E1 and E2 to the origin identified a class of small molecule inhibitors of the protein interaction between E1 and E2. Isothermal titration calorimetry and changes in protein fluorescence showed that the inhibitors bind to the transactivation domain of E2, the region that interacts with E1. These compounds inhibit E2 of the low risk HPV types 6 and 11 but not those of high risk HPV types or of cottontail rabbit papillomavirus. Functional evidence that the transactivation domain is the target of inhibition was obtained by swapping this domain between a sensitive (HPV11) and a resistant (cottontail rabbit papillomavirus) E2 type and by identifying an amino acid substitution, E100A, that increases inhibition by approximately 10-fold. This class of inhibitors was found to antagonize specifically the E1-E2 interaction in vivo and to inhibit HPV DNA replication in transiently transfected cells. These results highlight the potential of the E1-E2 interaction as a small molecule antiviral target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter W White
- Department of Biological Sciences and the Department of Chemistry, Boehringer Ingelheim Ltd., Laval H7S 2G5, Canada
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Abstract
Integrons can insert and excise antibiotic resistance genes on plasmids in bacteria by site-specific recombination. Class 1 integrons code for an integrase, IntI1 (337 amino acids in length), and are generally borne on elements derived from Tn5090, such as that found in the central part of Tn21. A second class of integron is found on transposon Tn7 and its relatives. We have completed the sequence of the Tn7 integrase gene, intI2, which contains an internal stop codon. This codon was found to be conserved among intI2 genes on three other Tn7-like transposons harboring different cassettes. The predicted peptide sequence (IntI2*) is 325 amino acids long and is 46% identical to IntI1. In order to detect recombination activity, the internal stop codon at position 179 in the parental allele was changed to a triplet coding for glutamic acid. The sequences flanking the cassette arrays in the class 1 and 2 integrons are not closely related, but a common pool of mobile cassettes is used by the different integron classes; two of the three antibiotic resistance cassettes on Tn7 and its close relatives are also found in various class 1 integrons. We also observed a fourth excisable cassette downstream of those described previously in Tn7. The fourth cassette encodes a 165-amino-acid protein of unknown function with 6.5 contiguous repeats of a sequence coding for 7 amino acids. IntI2*179E promoted site-specific excision of each of the cassettes in Tn7 at different frequencies. The integrases from Tn21 and Tn7 showed limited cross-specificity in that IntI1 could excise all cassettes from both Tn21 and Tn7. However, we did not observe a corresponding excision of the aadA1 cassette from Tn21 by IntI2*179E.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Hansson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Division of Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Tardif A, Julien N, Pelletier A, Thibault G, Srivastava AK, Chiasson JL, Coderre L. Chronic exposure to beta-hydroxybutyrate impairs insulin action in primary cultures of adult cardiomyocytes. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2001; 281:E1205-12. [PMID: 11701435 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.2001.281.6.e1205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients often show elevated plasma ketone body concentrations. Because ketone bodies compete with other energetic substrates and reduce their utilization, they could participate in the development of insulin resistance in the heart. We have examined the effect of elevated levels of ketone bodies on insulin action in primary cultures of adult cardiomyocytes. Cardiomyocytes were cultured with the ketone body beta-hydroxybutyrate (beta-OHB) for 4 or 16 h, and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake was evaluated. Although short-term exposure to ketone bodies was not associated with any change in insulin action, our data demonstrated that preincubation with beta-OHB for 16 h markedly reduced insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in cardiomyocytes. This effect is concentration dependent and persists for at least 6 h after the removal of beta-OHB from the media. Ketone bodies also decreased the stimulatory effect of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and pervanadate on glucose uptake. This diminution could not be explained by a change in either GLUT-1 or GLUT-4 protein content in cardiomyocytes. Chronic exposure to beta-OHB was associated with impaired protein kinase B activation in response to insulin and pervanadate. These results indicate that prolonged exposure to ketone bodies altered insulin action in cardiomyocytes and suggest that this substrate could play a role in the development of insulin resistance in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Tardif
- Department of Medicine, Research Center, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, University of Montreal, Montreal H2W 1T8, Canada
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White PW, Pelletier A, Brault K, Titolo S, Welchner E, Thauvette L, Fazekas M, Cordingley MG, Archambault J. Characterization of recombinant HPV6 and 11 E1 helicases: effect of ATP on the interaction of E1 with E2 and mapping of a minimal helicase domain. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:22426-38. [PMID: 11304544 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m101932200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
To better characterize the enzymatic activities required for human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA replication, the E1 helicases of HPV types 6 and 11 were produced using a baculovirus expression system. The purified wild type proteins and a version of HPV11 E1 lacking the N-terminal 71 amino acids, which was better expressed, were found to be hexameric over a wide range of concentrations and to have helicase and ATPase activities with relatively low values for K(m)(ATP) of 12 microm for HPV6 E1 and 6 microm for HPV11 E1. Interestingly, the value of K(m)(ATP) was increased 7-fold in the presence of the E2 transactivation domain. In turn, ATP was found to perturb the co-operative binding of E1 and E2 to DNA. Mutant and truncated versions of in vitro translated E1 were used to identify a minimal ATPase domain composed of the C-terminal 297 amino acids. This fragment was expressed, purified, and found to be fully active in ATP hydrolysis, single-stranded DNA binding, and unwinding assays, despite lacking the minimal origin-binding domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- P W White
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., Laval, Quebec H7S 2G5, Canada.
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40
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Fortin JM, Ladouceur R, Pelletier A, Ferland F. [Games of chance and gambling in adolescents and in adolescents-at-risk]. Can J Commun Ment Health 2001; 20:135-51. [PMID: 11599132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
A number of studies have established that adolescents are attracted to games of chance and gambling, and have confirmed that excessive gambling is not a phenomenon of adulthood alone. In Quebec, the proportion of high school students who are struggling with gambling problems is estimated at 2.6% (Ladouceur, Boudreault, Jacques, & Vitaro, 1999). So far, few researchers have studied adolescent populations that are at greater risk of developing gambling problems. The present study was carried out among 104 adolescents in difficulty, ranging in age from 12 to 19 and served by the Centre jeunesse de Québec. It assesses the prevalence of excessive gambling and the problems associated with it. The results indicate that 92.3% of adolescents had bet at least once during the previous year and 40.4% bet every week. The prevalence of excessive gambling was established at 7.7%. Girls were found to gamble as frequently as boys and to experience as many gambling problems. In addition, habitual gambling was found to be associated with the consumption of psychotropic substances, delinquent behaviour and school absenteeism. The discussion puts the results obtained in perspective and emphasizes the need for establishing gambling prevention programs among at-risk youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Fortin
- Université Laval, Québec, Canada, G1K 7P4
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Titolo S, Pelletier A, Pulichino AM, Brault K, Wardrop E, White PW, Cordingley MG, Archambault J. Identification of domains of the human papillomavirus type 11 E1 helicase involved in oligomerization and binding to the viral origin. J Virol 2000; 74:7349-61. [PMID: 10906188 PMCID: PMC112255 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.74.16.7349-7361.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The E1 helicase of papillomavirus is required, in addition to host cell DNA replication factors, during the initiation and elongation phases of viral episome replication. During initiation, the viral E2 protein promotes the assembly of enzymatically active multimeric E1 complexes at the viral origin of DNA replication. In this study we used the two-hybrid system and chemical cross-linking to demonstrate that human papillomavirus type 11 (HPV11) E1 can self-associate in yeast and form hexamers in vitro in a reaction stimulated by single-stranded DNA. Self-association in yeast was most readily detected using constructs spanning the E1 C-terminal domain (amino acids 353 to 649) and was dependent on a minimal E1-E1 interaction region located between amino acids 353 and 431. The E1 C-terminal domain was also able to oligomerize in vitro but, in contrast to wild-type E1, did so efficiently in the absence of single-stranded DNA. Sequences located between amino acids 191 and 353 were necessary for single-stranded DNA to modulate oligomerization of E1 and were also required, together with the rest of the C terminus, for binding of E1 to the origin. Two regions within the C-terminal domain were identified as important for oligomerization: the ATP-binding domain and region A, which is located within the minimal E1-E1 interaction domain and is one of four regions of E1 that is highly conserved with the large T antigens of simian virus 40 and polyomavirus. Amino acid substitutions of highly conserved residues within the ATP-binding domain and region A were identified that reduced the ability of E1 to oligomerize and bind to the origin in vitro and to support transient DNA replication in vivo. These results support the notion that oligomerization of E1 occurs primarily through the C-terminal domain of the protein and is allosterically regulated by DNA and ATP. The bipartite organization of the E1 C-terminal domain is reminiscent of that found in other hexameric proteins and suggests that these proteins may oligomerize by a similar mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Titolo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Research and Development, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., Laval, Canada H7S 2G5
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42
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Roy L, Bergeron JJ, Lavoie C, Hendriks R, Gushue J, Fazel A, Pelletier A, Morré DJ, Subramaniam VN, Hong W, Paiement J. Role of p97 and syntaxin 5 in the assembly of transitional endoplasmic reticulum. Mol Biol Cell 2000; 11:2529-42. [PMID: 10930451 PMCID: PMC14937 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.11.8.2529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Transitional endoplasmic reticulum (tER) consists of confluent rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER) domains. In a cell-free incubation system, low-density microsomes (1.17 g cc(-1)) isolated from rat liver homogenates reconstitute tER by Mg(2+)GTP- and Mg(2+)ATP-hydrolysis-dependent membrane fusion. The ATPases associated with different cellular activities protein p97 has been identified as the relevant ATPase. The ATP depletion by hexokinase or treatment with either N-ethylmaleimide or anti-p97 prevented assembly of the smooth ER domain of tER. High-salt washing of low-density microsomes inhibited assembly of the smooth ER domain of tER, whereas the readdition of purified p97 with associated p47 promoted reconstitution. The t-SNARE syntaxin 5 was observed within the smooth ER domain of tER, and antisyntaxin 5 abrogated formation of this same membrane compartment. Thus, p97 and syntaxin 5 regulate assembly of the smooth ER domain of tER and hence one of the earliest membrane differentiated components of the secretory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Roy
- Département de Pathologie et Biologie Cellulaire, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Lazor R, Vandevenne A, Pelletier A, Leclerc P, Court-Fortune I, Cordier JF. Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia. Characteristics of relapses in a series of 48 patients. The Groupe d'Etudes et de Recherche sur les Maladles "Orphelines" Pulmonaires (GERM"O"P). Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000; 162:571-7. [PMID: 10934089 DOI: 10.1164/ajrccm.162.2.9909015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (COP) is a clinicopathologic syndrome characterized by rapid resolution with corticosteroids, but frequent relapses when treatment is tapered or stopped. We retrospectively studied relapses in 48 cases of biopsy-proven COP. One or more relapses (mean 2.4 +/- 2.2) occurred in 58%. At first relapse, 68% of patients were still under treatment for the initial episode. Compared with the no-relapse group, nine patients with multiple (>/= 3) relapses had longer delays between first symptoms and treatment onset (22 +/- 17 versus 11 +/- 8 wk, p = 0.02), and elevated gamma-glutamyltransferase (124 +/- 98 versus 29 +/- 13 IU/L, p = 0.001) and alkaline phosphatase (190 +/- 124 versus 110 +/- 68 IU/L, p = 0.04) levels. Relapses did not adversely affect outcome. Corticosteroid treatment side effects occurred in 25% of patients. Standardized treatment in 14 patients allowed a reduction of prednisone cumulated doses (p < 0.05) without affecting outcome or relapse rate. We conclude that: (1) delayed treatment increases the risk of relapses; (2) mild cholestasis identifies a subgroup of patients with multiple relapses; (3) relapses do not affect outcome, and prolonged therapy to suppress relapses appears unnecessary; (4) a standardized treatment allows a reduction in steroid doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lazor
- Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur les Maladies "Orphelines" Pulmonaires, Hôpital Cardiovasculaire et Pneumologique Louis Pradel, Université Claude Bernard, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
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44
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Amin AA, Titolo S, Pelletier A, Fink D, Cordingley MG, Archambault J. Identification of domains of the HPV11 E1 protein required for DNA replication in vitro. Virology 2000; 272:137-50. [PMID: 10873756 DOI: 10.1006/viro.2000.0328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The HPV E1 and E2 proteins along with cellular factors, are required for replication of the viral genome. In this study we show that in vitro synthesized HPV11 E1 can support DNA replication in a cell-free system and is able to cooperate with E2 to recruit the host polymerase alpha primase to the HPV origin in vitro. Deletion analysis revealed that the N-terminal 166 amino acids of E1, which encompass a nuclear localization signal and a cyclin E-binding motif, are dispensable for E1-dependent DNA replication and for recruitment of pol alpha primase to the origin in vitro. A shorter E1 protein lacking the N-terminal 190 amino acids supported cell-free DNA replication at less than 25% the efficiency of wild-type E1 and was active in the pol alpha primase recruitment assay. An even shorter E1 protein lacking a functional DNA-binding domain due to a truncation of the N-terminal 352 amino acids was inactive in both assays despite the fact that it retains the ability to associate with E2 or pol alpha primase in the absence of ori DNA. We provide additional functional evidence that E1 interacts with pol alpha primase through the p70 subunit of the complex by showing that p70 can be recruited to the HPV origin by E1 and E2 in vitro, that the domain of E1 (amino acids 353-649) that binds to pol alpha primase in vitro is the same as that needed for interaction with p70 in the yeast two-hybrid system, and that exogenously added p70 competes with the interaction between E1 and pol alpha primase and inhibits E1-dependent cell-free DNA replication. On the basis of these results and the observation that pol alpha primase competes with the interaction between E1 and E2 in solution, we propose that these three proteins assemble at the origin in a stepwise process during which E1, following its interaction with E2, must bind to DNA prior to interacting with pol alpha primase.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Amin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bio-Mega Research Division, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Quebec, H7S 2G5, Canada
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Titolo S, Pelletier A, Sauvé F, Brault K, Wardrop E, White PW, Amin A, Cordingley MG, Archambault J. Role of the ATP-binding domain of the human papillomavirus type 11 E1 helicase in E2-dependent binding to the origin. J Virol 1999; 73:5282-93. [PMID: 10364274 PMCID: PMC112583 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.73.7.5282-5293.1999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Replication of the genome of human papillomaviruses (HPV) is initiated by the recruitment of the viral E1 helicase to the origin of DNA replication by the viral E2 protein, which binds specifically to the origin. We determined, for HPV type 11 (HPV-11), that the C-terminal 296 amino acids of E1 are sufficient for interaction with the transactivation domain of E2 in the yeast two-hybrid system and in vitro. This region of E1 encompasses the ATP-binding domain. Here we have examined the role of this ATP-binding domain, and of ATP, on E2-dependent binding of E1 to the origin. Several amino acid substitutions in the phosphate-binding loop (P loop), which is implicated in binding the triphosphate moiety of ATP, abolished E2 binding, indicating that the structural integrity of this domain is essential for the interaction. The structural constraints imposed on the E1 P loop may differ between HPV-11 and bovine papillomavirus type 1 (BPV-1), since the P479S substitution that inactivates BPV-1 E1 is tolerated in the HPV-11 enzyme. Other substitutions in the E1 P loop, or in two other conserved motifs of the ATP-binding domain, were tolerated, indicating that ATP binding is not essential for interaction with E2. Nevertheless, ATP-Mg stimulated the E2-dependent binding of E1 to the origin in vitro. This stimulation was maximal at the physiological temperature (37 degrees C) and did not require ATP hydrolysis. In contrast, ATP-Mg did not stimulate the E2-dependent binding to the origin of an E1 protein containing only the C-terminal domain (353 to 649) or that of mutant E1 proteins with alterations in the DNA-binding domain. These results are discussed in light of a model in which the E1 ATP-binding domain is required for formation of the E2-binding surface and can, upon the binding of ATP, facilitate and/or stabilize the interaction of E1 with the origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Titolo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bio-Méga Research Division, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., Laval, Canada H7S 2G5
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Brister SJ, Pelletier A, Fedorshyn J, Puchalski S, Buchanan MR. Cardiopulmonary bypass pumps and thrombin generation: what goes around comes around. ASAIO J 1998; 44:794-8. [PMID: 9831087 DOI: 10.1097/00002480-199811000-00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Thrombin generation and subsequent fibrin deposition occur during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) using roller pumps (RPs) despite the administration of high dose heparin. The authors attempted to determine if less thrombin is generated and less fibrin is deposited during CPB using a centrifugal pump (CP). In Part 1 of the experiment, 12 pigs receiving 400 U/kg heparin underwent CPB, including hypothermia, cardioplegia, and aortic cross-clamping, using a CP or RP. Blood samples were collected throughout CPB to measure thrombin generation. At the end of CPB, the amount of fibrin deposited onto each filter was assessed spectrophotometrically. In Part 2, blood samples and arterial in-line filters were obtained from 20 patients undergoing CPB, using either RP or CP, and studied as described previously. The Part 1 results showed that thrombin generation and fibrin deposition in CP pigs were <50% of those seen in the RP pigs (p < 0.01 and p < 0.01, respectively). In Part 2, thrombin generation was significantly attenuated both during and after CPB in the CP patients (p < 0.01 and p < 0.01, respectively). However, there was no significant difference in fibrin deposition between the two types of pumps after their use in the patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass. It is concluded that there is less thrombin generation and subsequent fibrin deposition during CPB when using a CP instead of RP in a defined experimental in vivo situation, suggesting that there is less hypercoagulability during CPB when using a CP instead of an RP. However, a large study in more patients undergoing CPB for longer pump runs is required to determine the relevance of these observations on subsequent clinical endpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Brister
- Department of Surgery, Hamilton Health Science Corporation, Ontario, Canada
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47
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Falk-Marzillier J, Domanico SZ, Pelletier A, Mullen L, Quaranta V. Characterization of a tight molecular complex between integrin alpha 6 beta 4 and laminin-5 extracellular matrix. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1998; 251:49-55. [PMID: 9790905 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1998.9400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In many adult epithelia, e.g., epidermis or intestine, adhesion of epithelial cells to basement membrane requires the integrin alpha6 beta4 and laminin-5 (Ln-5). In the absence of one or the other, extensive blistering and exfoliation occur. While alpha6 beta4 was reported to be a receptor for Ln-5, this interaction is poorly understood. We characterize complexes between alpha6 beta4 and Ln-5 in cell-free preparations of extracellular matrix (ECM) from the epithelial cell line, 804G. By microsequencing, Ln-5 and alpha6 beta4 were the major proteins in this ECM and were likely engaged in receptor/ligand complexes because, by immunofluorescence, alpha6 beta4 was colocalized with Ln-5 both in cell monolayers and in cell-free ECM preparations, but they disappeared after preincubation of the monolayers with alpha6 beta4 or Ln-5 function-blocking antibodies. The alpha6 beta4/Ln-5 complexes were resistant to dissociation by extreme pH, urea, chaotropes, eDTA, non-ionic detergents, and b-mercaptoethanol. They were only dissociated by strong anionic detergents, e.g., 1% SDS, suggesting receptor/ligand interactions based on high affinity or avidity. We propose that these alpha6 beta4/Ln-5 complexes may provide links between plasma membrane and basement membrane that resist mechanical stress and support epithelial integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Falk-Marzillier
- Department of Cell Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California, 92037, USA
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Bonneau PR, Plouffe C, Pelletier A, Wernic D, Poupart MA. Design of fluorogenic peptide substrates for human cytomegalovirus protease based on structure-activity relationship studies. Anal Biochem 1998; 255:59-65. [PMID: 9448842 DOI: 10.1006/abio.1997.2445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) protease is a slow-processing enzyme in vitro and its characterization would be facilitated if more efficiently cleaved substrates were available. Here we describe the development of improved fluorogenic peptide substrates for this protease and demonstrate that its indolent nature can be overcome by appropriate modifications within existing substrates. Prior structure-activity studies have indicated that replacement of the Val-Val-Asn sequence corresponding to the P4-P2 residues of the maturation site of the enzyme by the optimized Tbg-Tbg-Asn(NMe2) sequence conferred significant binding to inhibitors (Tbg, t-butylglycine). Incorporation of this improved sequence in a variety of substrates invariably led to improved kinetic parameters compared to homologues containing the natural sequence only. For example, the substrate o-aminobenzoyl-Tbg-Tbg-Asn (NMe2)-Ala decreases Ser-Ser-Arg-Leu-Tyr(3-NO2)Arg-OH (2) displayed a kcat/K(m) value of 15,940 M-1 s-1 i.e., more than 60-fold greater than that of the equivalent, nonoptimized substrate 1 under identical conditions. This improved sequence also permitted the development of a sensitive 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin fluorogenic substrate 3 which represents the shortest HCMV protease substrate to date. The kinetic and photometric advantages of these various substrates are discussed along with specific applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- P R Bonneau
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bio-Méga Research Division, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., Laval, Québec, Canada
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Pelletier A, Dô F, Brisebois JJ, Lagacé L, Cordingley MG. Self-association of herpes simplex virus type 1 ICP35 is via coiled-coil interactions and promotes stable interaction with the major capsid protein. J Virol 1997; 71:5197-208. [PMID: 9188587 PMCID: PMC191755 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.71.7.5197-5208.1997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The ordered copolymerization of viral proteins to form the herpes simplex virus (HSV) capsid occurs within the nucleus of the infected cell and is a complex process involving the products of at least six viral genes. In common with capsid assembly in double-stranded DNA bacteriophages, HSV capsid assembly proceeds via the assembly of an outer capsid shell around an interior scaffold. This capsid intermediate matures through loss of the scaffold and packaging of the viral genomic DNA. The interior of the HSV capsid intermediate contains the viral protease and assembly protein which compose the scaffold. Proteolytic processing of these proteins is essential for and accompanies capsid maturation. The assembly protein (ICP35) is the primary component of the scaffold, and previous studies have demonstrated it to be capable of intermolecular association with itself and with the major capsid protein, VP5. We have defined structural elements within ICP35 which are responsible for intermolecular self-association and for interaction with VP5. Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) two-hybrid assays and far-Western studies with purified recombinant ICP35 mapped a core self-association domain between Ser165 and His219. Site-directed mutations in this domain implicate a putative coiled coil in ICP35 self-association. This coiled-coil motif is highly conserved within the assembly proteins of other alpha herpesviruses. In the two-hybrid assay the core self-association domain was sufficient to mediate stable self-association only in the presence of additional structural elements in either N- or C-terminal flanking regions. These regions also contain conserved sequences which exhibit a high propensity for alpha helicity and may contribute to self-association by forming additional short coiled coils. Our data supports a model in which ICP35 molecules have an extended conformation and associate in parallel orientation through homomeric coiled-coil interactions. In additional two-hybrid experiments we evaluated ICP35 mutants for association with VP5. We discovered that in addition to the C-terminal 25 amino acids of ICP35, previously shown to be required for VP5 binding, an additional upstream region was required. This region is between Ser165 and His234 and contains the core self-association domain. Site-directed mutations and construction of chimeric molecules in which the self-association domain of ICP35 was replaced by the GCN4 leucine zipper indicated that this region contributes to VP5 binding through mediating self-association of ICP35 and not through direct binding interactions. Our results suggest that self-association of ICP35 strongly promotes stable association with VP5 in vivo and are consistent with capsid formation proceeding via formation of stable subassemblies of ICP35 and VP5 which subsequently assemble into capsid intermediates in the nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pelletier
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bio-Méga Research Division, Boehringer Ingelheim, (Canada) Ltd., Laval, Quebec
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50
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the characteristics of persons killed by trains while trespassing (ie, using railroad property for activities unrelated to railroad operations). DESIGN Case series obtained from records of the state medical examiner. SETTING North Carolina, 1990 through 1994. SUBJECTS One hundred twenty-eight persons ranging in age from 7 to 84 years who were killed in 125 separate incidents. RESULTS Of 224 railroad-related deaths during the study period, 128 cases (57%) involved trespassers. Trespasser fatalities typically involved unmarried male pedestrians 20 to 49 years of age with less than a high school education. Eighty-two percent of incidents occurred in the trespassers' county of residence, indicating that few deaths involved transients. Fatalities among railroad trespassers exhibited both geographic and temporal clustering. Seventy-eight percent of trespassers were killed while intoxicated (median alcohol level, 56 mmol/L [260 mg/dL]). CONCLUSIONS Deaths among trespassers are the leading cause of railroad-related mortality in North Carolina. Greater efforts are needed to reduce this type of preventable injury. Prevention of trespasser fatalities is dependent on control of alcohol abuse, enforcement of existing laws, and education of the public regarding the dangers of railroad trespassing.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pelletier
- State Branch, Division of Applied Public Health Training, Epidemiology Program Office, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Ga 30333, USA.
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