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Kafle A, Suttiprapa S. Current State of Knowledge on Blood and Tissue-Based Biomarkers for Opisthorchis viverrini-induced Cholangiocarcinoma: A Review of Prognostic, Predictive, and Diagnostic Markers. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2024; 25:25-41. [PMID: 38285765 PMCID: PMC10911713 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2024.25.1.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a prevalent cancer in Southeast Asia, with Opisthorchis viverrini (O.viverrini) infection being the primary risk factor. Most CCA cases in this region are diagnosed at advanced stages, leading to unfavorable prognoses. The development of stage-specific biomarkers for Opisthorchis viverrini-induced cholangiocarcinoma (Ov-CCA) holds crucial significance, as it facilitates early detection and timely administration of curative interventions, effectively mitigating the high morbidity and mortality rates associated with this disease in the Great Mekong region. Biomarkers are a promising approach for early detection, prognosis, and targeted treatment of CCA. Disease-specific biomarkers facilitate early detection and enable monitoring of therapy effectiveness, allowing for any necessary corrections. This review provides an overview of the potential O. viverrini-specific molecular biomarkers and important markers for diagnosing and monitoring Ov-CCA, discussing their prognostic, predictive, and diagnostic value. Despite the limited research in this domain, several potential biomarkers have been identified, encompassing both worm-induced and host-induced factors. This review offers a thorough examination of historical and contemporary progress in identifying biomarkers through multiomics techniques, along with their potential implications for early detection and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alok Kafle
- Tropical Medicine Graduate Program, Department of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Sutas Suttiprapa
- Tropical Medicine Graduate Program, Department of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Tropical Disease Research Center, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Control of Opisthorchiasis, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
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Kafle A, Puchadapirom P, Plumworasawat S, Dontumprai R, Chan-On W, Buates S, Laha T, Sripa B, Suttiprapa S. Identification and characterization of protein 14-3-3 in carcinogenic liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini. Parasitol Int 2016; 66:426-431. [PMID: 27989833 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2016.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Protein 14-3-3s are abundant phospho-serine/threonine binding proteins, which are highly conserved among eukaryotes. Members of this protein family mediate metabolism and signal transduction networks through binding to hundreds of other protein partners. Protein 14-3-3s have been studied in other species of parasitic helminthes, but little is known about this protein in the carcinogenic liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini. In this study, we identified and characterized protein 14-3-3s of O. viverrini. Seven protein 14-3-3 encoded sequences were retrieved from the O. viverrini genome database. Multiple alignment and phylogenetic analysis were performed. Two isoforms (protein 14-3-3 zeta and protein 14-3-3 epsilon) that have been previously found in the excretory-secretory (ES) products of O. viverrini were produced as recombinant protein in E. coli and the proteins were then used to immunize mice to obtain specific antibodies. Western blot analysis showed that both proteins were detected in all obtainable developmental stages of O. viverrini and the ES products. Immunolocalization revealed that both isoforms were expressed throughout tissues and organs except the gut epithelium. The highest expression was observed in testes especially in developing spermatocytes, suggesting their role in spermatogenesis. Prominent expression was also detected on tegumental surface of the parasite and on epical surface of bile duct epithelium indicates their additional role in host-parasite interaction. These findings indicate that protein 14-3-3s play important role in the life cycle of the parasite and might be involved in the pathogenesis of O. viverrini infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alok Kafle
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, 272 Rama 6 Rd., Phyathai, Rachthewee, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Pranom Puchadapirom
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, 272 Rama 6 Rd., Phyathai, Rachthewee, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Sirikanya Plumworasawat
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, 272 Rama 6 Rd., Phyathai, Rachthewee, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Rieofarng Dontumprai
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, 272 Rama 6 Rd., Phyathai, Rachthewee, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Waraporn Chan-On
- Center for Research and Innovation, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, 999 Phutthamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Sureemas Buates
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, 272 Rama 6 Rd., Phyathai, Rachthewee, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Thewarach Laha
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Banchob Sripa
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Sutas Suttiprapa
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, 272 Rama 6 Rd., Phyathai, Rachthewee, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
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