1
|
Silva MO, Almeida BS, Sales NS, Diniz MO, Aps LRMM, Rodrigues KB, Silva JR, Moreno ACR, Porchia BFMM, Sulczewski FB, Boscardin SB, Ferreira LCS. Antigen Delivery to DEC205 + Dendritic Cells Induces Immunological Memory and Protective Therapeutic Effects against HPV-Associated Tumors at Different Anatomical Sites. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:2944-2956. [PMID: 34345218 PMCID: PMC8326119 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.57038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The generation of successful anticancer vaccines relies on the ability to induce efficient and long-lasting immune responses to tumor antigens. In this scenario, dendritic cells (DCs) are essential cellular components in the generation of antitumor immune responses. Thus, delivery of tumor antigens to specific DC populations represents a promising approach to enhance the efficiency of antitumor immunotherapies. In the present study, we employed antibody-antigen conjugates targeting a specific DC C-type lectin receptor. For that purpose, we genetically fused the anti-DEC205 monoclonal antibody to the type 16 human papillomavirus (HPV-16) E7 oncoprotein to create a therapeutic vaccine to treat HPV-associated tumors in syngeneic mouse tumor models. The therapeutic efficacy of the αDEC205-E7 mAb was investigated in three distinct anatomical tumor models (subcutaneous, lingual and intravaginal). The immunization regimen comprised two doses of the αDEC205-E7 mAb coadministered with a DC maturation stimulus (Polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid, poly (I:C)) as an adjuvant. The combined immunotherapy produced robust antitumor effects on both the subcutaneous and orthotopic tumor models, stimulating rapid tumor regression and long-term survival. These outcomes were related to the activation of tumor antigen-specific CD8+ T cells in both systemic compartments and lymphoid tissues. The αDEC205-E7 antibody plus poly (I:C) administration induced long-lasting immunity and controlled tumor relapses. Our results highlight that the delivery of HPV tumor antigens to DCs, particularly via the DEC205 surface receptor, is a promising therapeutic approach, providing new opportunities for the development of alternative immunotherapies for patients with HPV-associated tumors at different anatomical sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariângela O Silva
- Vaccine Development Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Bianca S Almeida
- Laboratory of Antigen Targeting to Dendritic Cells, Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natiely S Sales
- Vaccine Development Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana O Diniz
- Vaccine Development Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luana R M M Aps
- Vaccine Development Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Karine B Rodrigues
- Vaccine Development Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jamile R Silva
- Vaccine Development Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana C R Moreno
- Vaccine Development Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruna F M M Porchia
- Vaccine Development Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernando B Sulczewski
- Laboratory of Antigen Targeting to Dendritic Cells, Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silvia B Boscardin
- Laboratory of Antigen Targeting to Dendritic Cells, Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luís C S Ferreira
- Vaccine Development Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Meza AN, Cambui CCN, Moreno ACR, Fessel MR, Balan A. Mycobacterium tuberculosis CysA2 is a dual sulfurtransferase with activity against thiosulfate and 3-mercaptopyruvate and interacts with mammalian cells. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16791. [PMID: 31727914 PMCID: PMC6856128 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53069-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyanide is a toxic compound that is converted to the non-toxic thiocyanate by a rhodanese enzyme. Rhodaneses belong to the family of transferases (sulfurtransferases), which are largely studied. The sulfur donor defines the subfamily of these enzymes as thiosulfate:cyanide sulfurtransferases or rhodaneses (TSTs) or 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransfeases (MSTs). In Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis, the gene Rv0815c encodes the protein CysA2, a putative uncharacterized thiosulfate:cyanide sulfurtransferase that belongs to the essential sulfur assimilation pathway in the bacillus and is secreted during infection. In this work, we characterized the functional and structural properties of CysA2 and its kinetic parameters. The recombinant CysA2 is a α/β protein with two rhodanese-like domains that maintains the functional motifs and a catalytic cysteine. Sulfurtransferase activity was determined using thiosulfate and 3-mercaptopyruvate as sulfur donors. The assays showed Km values of 2.89 mM and 7.02 mM for thiosulfate and 3-mercaptopyruvate, respectively, indicating the protein has dual activity as TST and MST. Immunological assays revealed that CysA2 interacted with pulmonary cells, and it was capable to activate macrophages and dendritic cells, indicating the stimulation of the immune response, which is important for its use as an antigen for vaccine development and immunodiagnostic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A N Meza
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Applied Structural Biology Laboratory, LBEA, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Institute of Biology, Post-graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - C C N Cambui
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Applied Structural Biology Laboratory, LBEA, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - A C R Moreno
- Department of Microbiology, Vaccine Development Laboratory, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - M R Fessel
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Applied Structural Biology Laboratory, LBEA, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - A Balan
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Applied Structural Biology Laboratory, LBEA, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Silva JR, Sales NS, Silva MO, Aps LRMM, Moreno ACR, Rodrigues EG, Ferreira LCS, Diniz MO. Expression of a soluble IL-10 receptor enhances the therapeutic effects of a papillomavirus-associated antitumor vaccine in a murine model. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2019; 68:753-763. [PMID: 30806747 PMCID: PMC11028134 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-018-02297-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The presence of IL-10, produced either by tumor cells or immunosuppressive cells, is frequently associated with a poor prognosis for cancer progression. It may also negatively impact anticancer treatments, such as immunotherapies, that otherwise would promote the activation of cytotoxic T cells capable of detecting and destroying malignant cells. In the present study, we evaluated a new adjuvant approach for anticancer immunotherapy using a plasmid vector encoding a soluble form of the IL-10 receptor (pIL-10R). pIL-10R was coadministered to mice with a DNA vaccine encoding the type 16 human papillomavirus (HPV-16) E7 oncoprotein genetically fused with glycoprotein D of herpes simplex virus (HSV) (pgDE7h). Immunization regimens based on the coadministration of pIL-10R and pgDE7h enhanced the antitumor immunity elicited in mice injected with TC-1 cells, which express HPV-16 oncoproteins. The administration of the DNA vaccines by in vivo electroporation further enhanced the anticancer effects of the vaccines, leading to the activation of tumor-infiltrating polyfunctional E7-specific cytotoxic CD8+ T cells and control of the expansion of immunosuppressive cells. In addition, the combination of immunotherapy and pIL-10R allowed the control of tumors in more advanced growth stages that otherwise would not be treatable by the pgDE7h vaccine. In conclusion, the proposed treatment involving the expression of IL-10R enhanced the antitumor protective immunity induced by pgDE7h administration and may contribute to the development of more efficient clinical interventions against HPV-induced tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jamile R Silva
- Vaccine Development Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1374, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Natiely S Sales
- Vaccine Development Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1374, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Mariângela O Silva
- Vaccine Development Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1374, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Luana R M M Aps
- Vaccine Development Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1374, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Ana C R Moreno
- Vaccine Development Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1374, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Elaine G Rodrigues
- Tumor Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luís C S Ferreira
- Vaccine Development Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1374, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - Mariana O Diniz
- Vaccine Development Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1374, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, 5 University St, Bloomsbury, London, WC1E 6JF, UK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Olean-Oliveira A, Olean-Oliveira T, Moreno ACR, Seraphim PM, Teixeira MFS. A Chemiresistor Sensor Based on Azo-Polymer and Graphene for Real-Time Monitoring of Mitochondrial Oxygen Consumption. ACS Sens 2019; 4:118-125. [PMID: 30474369 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.8b01013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, a chemiresistor sensor based on a poly(Bismarck Brown Y)-reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite was developed to analyze the respiratory capacity of the constituent complexes of the electron transport chain. The sensorial platform was characterized using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and oxygen detection was accomplished by measuring the resistive properties of the sensor at fixed AC frequency. The impedance decreased significantly in response to small variations of the O2 concentrations tested up to saturation of the electrolyte solution with molecular oxygen. The resistive response of the sensor at 0.1 Hz was linear over the oxygen concentration range from 1.17 × 10-5 mol L-1 to 1.02 × 10-3 mol L-1, with a detection limit of 3.60 × 10-7 mol L-1. Using the new O2 sensing platform, we monitored gradients in static cultures of adherent cells exposed to graded oxygen both at rest and upon metabolic stimulation. Under high dissolved oxygen conditions, the respiration of resting cells dictated that local O2 was moderately reduced, while cell metabolic stimulation triggered a major redistribution of O2. The usefulness of the developed sensor was demonstrated by continuous monitoring of mitochondrial oxygen consumption in various biologic applications.
Collapse
|
5
|
Moreno ACR, Porchia BFMM, Pagni RL, Souza PDC, Pegoraro R, Rodrigues KB, Barros TB, Aps LRDMM, de Araújo EF, Calich VLG, Ferreira LCDS. The Combined Use of Melatonin and an Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase-1 Inhibitor Enhances Vaccine-Induced Protective Cellular Immunity to HPV16-Associated Tumors. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1914. [PMID: 30186285 PMCID: PMC6113858 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has become an important ally in the fight against distinct types of cancer. However, the metabolic plasticity of the tumor environment frequently influences the efficacy of therapeutic procedures, including those based on immunological tools. In this scenario, immunometabolic adjuvants arise as an alternative toward the development of more efficient cancer therapies. Here we demonstrated that the combination of melatonin, a neuroimmunomodulator molecule, and an indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitor (1-methyl-DL-tryptophan, DL-1MT) improves the efficacy of an immunotherapy (gDE7) targeting human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated tumors. Melatonin or IDO inhibitors (D-1MT and DL-1MT) directly reduced proliferation, migration, adhesion and viability of a tumor cell line (TC-1), capable to express the HPV-16 E6 and E7 oncoproteins, but could not confer in vivo antitumor protection effects. Nonetheless, combination of gDE7 with melatonin or D-1MT or DL-1MT enhanced the antitumor protective immunity of gDE7-based vaccine in mice. Notably, expression of IDO1 in stromal cells and/or immune cells, but not in tumor cells, inhibited the antitumor effects of the gDE7, as demonstrated in IDO1-deficient mice. Finally, co-administration of gDE7, melatonin and DL-1MT further improved the protective antitumor effects and the numbers of circulating E7-specific CD8+ T cells in mice previously transplanted with TC-1 cells. The unprecedented combination of melatonin and IDO inhibitors, as immunometabolic adjuvants, thus, represents a new and promising alternative for improving the efficacy of immunotherapeutic treatments of HPV-associated tumors.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Human papillomavirus 16/genetics
- Human papillomavirus 16/immunology
- Humans
- Immunity, Cellular/drug effects
- Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase/antagonists & inhibitors
- Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase/genetics
- Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase/immunology
- Melatonin/pharmacology
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics
- Neoplasms, Experimental/immunology
- Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Neoplasms, Experimental/prevention & control
- Papillomavirus Infections/genetics
- Papillomavirus Infections/metabolism
- Papillomavirus Infections/prevention & control
- Papillomavirus Vaccines/pharmacology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana C. R. Moreno
- Vaccine Development Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruna F. M. M. Porchia
- Vaccine Development Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roberta L. Pagni
- Vaccine Development Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patrícia da Cruz Souza
- Vaccine Development Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Pegoraro
- Vaccine Development Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karine B. Rodrigues
- Vaccine Development Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tácita B. Barros
- Vaccine Development Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luana R. de Melo Moraes Aps
- Vaccine Development Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eliseu F. de Araújo
- Department of Immunology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vera L. G. Calich
- Department of Immunology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luís C. de Souza Ferreira
- Vaccine Development Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Moreno ACR, Clara RO, Coimbra JB, Júlio AR, Albuquerque RC, Oliveira EM, Maria-Engler SS, Campa A. The expanding roles of 1-methyl-tryptophan (1-MT): in addition to inhibiting kynurenine production, 1-MT activates the synthesis of melatonin in skin cells. FEBS J 2013; 280:4782-92. [PMID: 23879623 DOI: 10.1111/febs.12444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2013] [Revised: 06/25/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), the rate-limiting enzyme of tryptophan catabolism, has been strongly associated with the progression of malignancy and poor survival in melanoma patients. As a result, IDO1 is a leading target for interventions aimed at restoring melanoma immune surveillance. Here, in a scenario involving the tryptophan catabolism, we report that melatonin biosynthesis is driven by 1-methyl-tryptophan (1-MT), a competitive inhibitor of IDO1, in human fibroblasts, melanocytes and melanoma cells. In addition to melatonin biosynthesis, 1-MT induced the expression of tryptophan hydroxylase, arylalkylamine-N-acetyltransferase and hydroxyindole O-methyltransferase mRNA in fibroblasts and melanocytes. We observed a great variability in the levels of IDO1 mRNA expression and kynurenine release between skin cells and melanoma cell lines in response to interferon-γ, a classical IDO1 inducer. In this setting, melatonin was shown to downregulate kynurenine production. Furthermore, in a condition of low basal activity of IDO1, it was observed that 1-MT, as well melatonin, inhibited the proliferation of human melanoma cells. Taken together, our results suggest that 1-MT may serve as more than just a tool to disrupt tumor immune escape (via the inhibition of IDO1) because it was shown to act directly on the proliferation of human melanoma cells and induce melatonin biosynthesis in the tumor milieu. Moreover, 1-MT-mediated inhibition of IDO occurs in normal skin and melanoma cells, which addresses the possibility that all cells in the skin microenvironment can be targeted by 1-MT. Our findings provide innovative approaches into understanding tumor therapy related to the control of tryptophan metabolism by 1-MT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana C R Moreno
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bando SY, Moreno ACR, Albuquerque JAT, Amhaz JMK, Moreira-Filho CA, Martinez MB. Expression of bacterial virulence factors and cytokines during in vitro macrophage infection by enteroinvasive Escherichia coli and Shigella flexneri: a comparative study. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2011; 105:786-91. [PMID: 20944993 DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762010000600009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2010] [Accepted: 06/07/2010] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli (EIEC) and Shigella spp cause bacillary dysentery in humans by invading and multiplying within epithelial cells of the colonic mucosa. Although EIEC and Shigella share many genetic and biochemical similarities, the illness caused by Shigella is more severe. Thus, genomic and structure-function molecular studies on the biological interactions of these invasive enterobacteria with eukaryotic cells have focused on Shigella rather than EIEC. Here we comparatively studied the interactions of EIEC and of Shigella flexneri with cultured J774 macrophage-like cells. We evaluated several phenotypes: (i) bacterial escape from macrophages after phagocytosis, (ii) macrophage death induced by EIEC and S. flexneri, (iii) macrophage cytokine expression in response to infection and (iv) expression of plasmidial (pINV) virulence genes. The results showed that S. flexneri caused macrophage killing earlier and more intensely than EIEC. Both pathogens induced significant macrophage production of TNF, IL-1 and IL-10 after 7 h of infection. Transcription levels of the gene invasion plasmid antigen-C were lower in EIEC than in S. flexneri throughout the course of the infection; this could explain the diminished virulence of EIEC compared to S. flexneri.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Y Bando
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zanoni FL, Greco KV, Moreno ACR, de Figueiredo LFP, Silva MR, Sannomiya P. Effects of hypertonic saline and lactated Ringer's solutions on bacterial translocation in a rat model of intestinal obstruction and ischemia. Crit Care 2007. [PMCID: PMC3301131 DOI: 10.1186/cc5791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
|