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Moreira T, Dias M, Von Hafe M, Curval AR, Ramalho C, Maia AM, Moura CP. Orofacial clefts: Reflections on prenatal diagnosis and family history based on a series of cases of a tertiary children hospital. Congenit Anom (Kyoto) 2023; 63:195-199. [PMID: 37653578 DOI: 10.1111/cga.12538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Prenatal diagnosis of orofacial clefts allows adequate counseling and planning for prenatal care and delivery. In 2001, two-dimensional ultrasound screening became universally used in Portugal by government guidelines, and after 2007 more advanced ultrasound became available. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of family history in patients with orofacial clefts and analyze prenatal diagnosis in patients born before 2001, between 2001 and 2007 and after 2007. Retrospective analysis of a cohort of patients with orofacial clefts followed by the trans-disciplinary team of a tertiary hospital. A total of 672 OFCs were identified: 40.9% isolated cleft palate, 38.1% cleft lip and palate, 19.7% cleft lip and 1.3% atypical cleft; 57.1% were male. The prevalence of family history was 26.0% of which 30.9% had a recognizable syndrome. Of those born before 2001, 13.7% had prenatal diagnosis; of those born between 2001 and 2007, 32.6% orofacial clefts were diagnosed in utero; and in children born after 2007, prenatal diagnosis increased to 47.1%. In our study, about one-fourth of children had a positive family history. Since the implementation of universal ultrasound screening in Portugal, more orofacial clefts were identified in utero (42.5% vs. 13.7%; p < 0.05) and after the availability of advanced ultrasound, prenatal diagnosis increased to 47.1% (vs. 20.4% before 2007; p < 0.05). Of all orofacial clefts diagnosed prenatally, ultrasound revealed more accuracy for the diagnosis of cleft lip and palate (65.4%) and cleft lip (24.8%). Cleft palate is the most difficult to detect in utero (9.3%). Prenatal ultrasound screening in Portugal has technically evolved with consequent better diagnostic accuracy for the identification of orofacial clefts, allowing better parenteral counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Moreira
- Department of Paediatrics, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Margarida Dias
- Department of Paediatrics, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Madalena Von Hafe
- Department of Paediatrics, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita Curval
- Department of Paediatrics, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Ramalho
- Transdisciplinary Team of Cleft Lip and Palate, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Obstetrics, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Gynaecology-Obstetrics and Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Maria Maia
- Department of Paediatrics, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
- Transdisciplinary Team of Cleft Lip and Palate, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Gynaecology-Obstetrics and Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Pinto Moura
- Transdisciplinary Team of Cleft Lip and Palate, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
- i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Jorge R, Aguiar C, Espinheira C, Trindade E, Maia AM, Sousa R. A pediatric case of gluten sensitivity with severe neurological presentation. Eur J Pediatr 2014; 173:1699-702. [PMID: 24819886 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-014-2331-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Revised: 04/27/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Neurologic manifestations are present in a reasonable proportion of adult celiac patients and can be the first sign of gluten sensitivity. In children, the risk of neurological complications is lower, and gluten sensitivity with neurological presentation seems to be rare. We report a case of gluten sensitivity with severe neurological presentation in a 3-year-old girl. In the absence of gastrointestinal symptoms, the presence of white matter lesions in cerebral magnetic resonance imaging suggested an acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. Recurrence of neurologic symptoms and cerebral lesions over a long period of time made the authors consider an autoimmune/inflammatory systemic disease. IgA anti-transglutaminase (TG) 2 was elevated and duodenal biopsy confirmed the presence of enteropathy. A gluten-free diet led to complete resolution of neurological manifestations and arrest of white matter lesions progression. CONCLUSION In children with unclear neurologic manifestations with probable autoimmune etiology, anti-TG2 autoantibody titers should be determined considering the possibility of gluten sensitivity. Gluten-free diet remains the only effective treatment reported to date and, therefore, should be recommended to all patients with gluten sensitivity despite the type of manifestations. More studies, focusing on neurological manifestations and its response to gluten-free diet, are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Jorge
- Department of Pediatrics, São João Hospital Centre, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200 - 319, Porto, Portugal,
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Guardiano M, Maia AM, Correia C, Azevedo I, Lopes AR, da Silva ED, Moura CS, Marinho A. [A child with pulmonary hypertension: from etiological study to therapeutic decisions]. Rev Port Pneumol 2005; 11:327-35. [PMID: 16027950 DOI: 10.1016/s0873-2159(15)30505-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension is a rare but devastating disease, with poor prognosis and high mortality. The disease may present as Primary Pulmonary Hypertension where no clear aetiology can be identified, or be related to a variety of underlying conditions. This is a rare disease in paediatric age. The authors present the clinical case of a 4 years old child, admitted in Paediatric Department of S. João Hospital for syncope episode. The diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension was made by echocardiogram. Ulterior studies revealed pulmonary disease (obliterans bronchiolitis). The treatment included a calcium channel blocker (diltiazem), an endothelin antagonist (bosentan) and supplemental oxygen. This is the first case of obliterans bronchiolitis diagnosed during etiological study for pulmonary hypertension, in our Pediatrics Department. In this case we could not determine the pulmonary disease precipitating event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micaela Guardiano
- Interna Complementar de Pediatria - Serviço de Pediatria, Hospital de S. João.
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