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Effects of saline nebulization on SARS-CoV-2 RNA spreading and exhaled bio-aerosol particles in COVID-19 patients. J Hosp Infect 2024; 145:77-82. [PMID: 38145810 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2023.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nebulized therapy is the mainstay for treating obstructive airway diseases, but there is heightened concern about the potential risk for SARS-CoV-2 transmission during nebulization in COVID-19 patients. AIM To investigate the effects of 0.9% saline nebulization on SARS-CoV-2 RNA spreading in 11 COVID-19 patients (five females, mean age 62.45 ± 9.31 years); also to ascertain whether saline nebulization changed the number of exhaled bio-aerosol particles in six out of the 11 patients. METHODS Air samples were collected using suction pumps equipped with 0.45 μm PTFE filters and positioned around the patient's bed. Exhaled particles were quantified by using an optical particle counter. FINDINGS At baseline (i.e. before nebulization) SARS-CoV-2 was detected more frequently in the pumps close to the patient than in those far away. After saline nebulization, the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in the pumps close to the patient was comparable to that observed at baseline. In the pumps far from the patient, saline nebulization slightly, but not significantly, increased SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection compared to baseline. Overall, no significant changes in the SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection were observed after saline nebulization. At baseline, exhaled particle emission varied among patients, with two of them showing higher emission of particles than the remaining patients. Saline nebulization induced a marked decrease in exhaled particles in the two patients who displayed high emission at baseline, whereas no changes were observed in the remaining patients. Saline nebulization did not significantly change SARS-CoV-2 RNA spreading. CONCLUSION Saline nebulization does not significantly increase SARS-CoV-2 spreading.
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Heterogeneity in regional changes in body composition induced by androgen deprivation therapy in prostate cancer patients: potential impact on bone health-the BLADE study. J Endocrinol Invest 2024; 47:335-343. [PMID: 37458931 PMCID: PMC10859344 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02150-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is not clear whether changes in body composition induced by androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in prostate cancer (PC) patients are uniform or vary in the different body districts and whether regional lean body mass (LBM) and fat body mass (FBM) could have an impact on bone health. OBJECTIVE To prospectively evaluate the regional changes in LBM and FBM in PC patients submitted to degarelix; to explore the relationship of regional body composition and bone mineral density (BMD) and bone turnover markers. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS 29 consecutive non metastatic PC patients enrolled from 2017 to 2019. FBM, LBM and bone mineral density (BMD) evaluated by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at baseline and after 12-month of ADT. Alkaline phosphate (ALP) and C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX) assessed at baseline, 6 and 12 months. INTERVENTION All patients underwent degarelix administration. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS T-test or sign test and Pearson or Spearman test for continuous variables were used when indicated. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS Median percent increase in FBM ranged from + 14.5% in trunk to + 25.4% in the left leg after degarelix. LBM changes varied from + 2% in the trunk to - 4.9% in the right arm. LBM in both arms and legs and their variations after degarelix directly correlated with ALP and inversely correlated with CTX. Lean mass of limbs, trunk and legs significantly correlated with BMD of the hip, lean mass of the trunk significantly correlated with spine BMD. These are post-hoc analysis of a prospective study and this is the main limitation. CONCLUSIONS an heterogeneous change in body composition among body district is observed after ADT and bone turnover is influenced by lean mass and its variation. A supervised physical activity is crucial to maintain general physical performance and preserving bone health.
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The global distribution of plants used by humans. Science 2024; 383:293-297. [PMID: 38236975 DOI: 10.1126/science.adg8028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Plants sustain human life. Understanding geographic patterns of the diversity of species used by people is thus essential for the sustainable management of plant resources. Here, we investigate the global distribution of 35,687 utilized plant species spanning 10 use categories (e.g., food, medicine, material). Our findings indicate general concordance between utilized and total plant diversity, supporting the potential for simultaneously conserving species diversity and its contributions to people. Although Indigenous lands across Mesoamerica, the Horn of Africa, and Southern Asia harbor a disproportionate diversity of utilized plants, the incidence of protected areas is negatively correlated with utilized species richness. Finding mechanisms to preserve areas containing concentrations of utilized plants and traditional knowledge must become a priority for the implementation of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework.
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Severe Asthma Network Italy Definition of Clinical Remission in Severe Asthma: A Delphi Consensus. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. IN PRACTICE 2023; 11:3629-3637. [PMID: 37558162 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2023.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Severe asthma affects about 10% of the population with asthma and is characterized by low lung function and a high count of blood leukocytes, mainly eosinophils. Various definitions are used in clinical practice and in the literature to identify asthma remission: clinical remission, inflammatory remission, and complete remission. This work highlights a consensus for asthma remission using a Delphi method. In the context of the Severe Asthma Network Italy, which accounts for 57 severe asthma centers and more than 2,200 patients, a board of six experts drafted a list of candidate statements in a questionnaire, which has been revised to minimize redundancies and ensure clear and consistent wording for the first round (R1) of the analysis. Thirty-two statements were included in the R1 questionnaire and then submitted to a panel of 80 experts, which used a 5-point Likert scale to measure agreement regarding each statement. Then, an interim analysis of R1 data was performed, and items were discussed and considered to produce a consistent questionnaire for round 2 (R2) of the analysis. Then, the board set the R2 questionnaire, which included only important topics. Panelists were asked to vote on the statements in the R2 questionnaire afterward. During R2, the criteria of complete clinical remission (the absence of the need for oral corticosteroids, symptoms, exacerbations or attacks, and pulmonary function stability) and those of partial clinical remission (the absence of the need for oral corticosteroids, and two of three criteria: the absence of symptoms, exacerbations or attacks, and pulmonary stability) were confirmed. This Severe Asthma Network Italy Delphi analysis defined a valuable and independent tool that is easy to use, to test the efficacy of different treatments in patients with severe asthma enrolled into the SANI registry.
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Ethylene production and antioxidant potential of five peach cultivars during maturation. J Food Sci 2023; 88:4544-4559. [PMID: 37812169 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Numerous biochemical processes are involved in fruit maturation, such as ethylene production, phenolic compounds accumulation, and antioxidant enzymes production. Therefore, the aim of the present work was the evaluation of ethylene production, and the bioactive compounds change in the exocarp and mesocarp of five peach [Prunus persica (L.)] cultivars during three ripening stages, (1) early ripening (ER), (2) commercial maturation, and (3) full ripening (FR) in order to establish the best stage to harvest each peach variety. The experiment was applied to five peach cultivars growing within an arid bioclimatic environment covering the whole peach production season: two early cultivars, Flordastar and Early Maycrest; one variety of mid-season Rubirich; and two late cultivars, Sweet Cap and O'Henry. Ethylene production, phenolic compounds, and oxidative stress through antioxidant enzyme activities (catalase, peroxidases [PODs] Class III, and ascorbate-POD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) production were determined in the exocarp and mesocarp of peach fruits. The results showed a significant increase in ethylene production during fruit ripening. However, a parallel decrease in the level of phenolic compounds as well as in antioxidant enzyme activities was observed. The FR stage was also characterized by an important accumulation of MDA and H2 O2 . In conclusion, important changes in fruit quality associated with the production level of ethylene were observed. Fruits harvested during the ER stage would be more suitable for delivering to distant markets and more appreciated by the peach industries due to their highest phenolic acid content, best antioxidant enzyme activities, and lowest oxidative stress indicator.
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ROLE OF BLADDER EMPTYING ON OUTCOMES OF TRANSURETHRAL RESECTION OF THE PROSTATE. Urology 2023:S0090-4295(23)00171-1. [PMID: 36828265 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2023.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the role of bladder emptying on outcomes of males undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospective study involved candidates for TURP (January 2017-January 2018) with a follow-up of 3 yrs. Preoperative and follow-up evaluation comprised: UF, simple PVR (S-PVR), PVR-Ratio (PVR-R) as the ratio of PVR to bladder volume (BV: voided volume (VV) + PVR), Bladder voiding efficiency (BE) as the ratio between VV and BV -(voided volume/total bladder capacity) X 100 - and the IPSS. Patients were stratified for S-PVR, PVR-R and BVE. RESULTS Patients recruited were 100 (mean ± SD age: 68.8 ± 8.7 yrs). No patient had severe complications, re-admission, nor needed blood transfusion. At baseline, 38% of the patients showed S-PVR ≤ 50 ml, 62% a S-PVR ≤ 100 ml, and 25% a S-PVR >150 ml. In both pre- and post-operative evaluation there were no significant differences in Qmax and IPSS score among the groups. In each group we found a significant improvement in Qmax, IPSS score and S-PVR, PVR-R and BVE after TURP (except for PVR in group with lowest pre-operative S-PVR). Analysing a pre-operative S-PVR threshold >100 ml, PVR-R significantly increased and BVE significantly decreased after TURP. Conversely, when pre-operative S-PVR was >100 ml, PVR-R and BVE relevantly but non significantly improved after surgery. CONCLUSION Bladder emptying is only partially related to TURP outcomes and other pre-operative parameters. Patients with baseline S-PVR lower than 100 ml had the chance of greater recovery of bladder emptying after TURP.
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Transperitoneal vs. retroperitoneal robot assisted partial nephrectomy – propensity matched analysis between two multinational high volume subspecialist centres. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)01056-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Impact of pre-operative detrusor under activity in women undergone middle urethral sling for complicated and uncomplicated stress urinary incontinence. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00915-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Laparoscopic versus robot-assisted partial nephrectomy for cT1 renal tumors in obese patients: Analysis of perioperative and follow-up functional outcomes (the RECORd2 project). Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)01055-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Effect of chemotherapy in sarcomatoid bladder cancer patients treated with radical cystectomy. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)01337-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Correlation between perioperative characteristics and quality of life measured by IT- WISQOL in patients with upper urinary tract stones. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00413-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Partial versus radical nephrectomy for complex renal mass: Multicenter comparative analysis of functional outcomes (ROSULA Collaborative Group). Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)01057-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Long-term results of women suffering from severe stress urinary incontince treated with rectus fascial sling: A high-volume single-center experience. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00923-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Contemporary conditional cancer-specific survival rates in stage III non-seminoma testis cancer patients: A population-based analysis. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00803-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Cancer-specific mortality free survival rates in non-metastatic non-clear cell renal carcinoma patients at intermediate/high risk of recurrence. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00506-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Regional differences in stage distribution and rates of treatment for adrenocortical carcinoma across United States SEER registries. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)01139-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Partial or radical nephrectomy for complex renal mass: A comparative analysis of oncological outcomes and complications from the rosula (robotic surgery for large renal mass) collaborative group. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00891-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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18
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Detrusor hyperactivity with impaired contractility: Prevalence and impact on middle urethral sling results. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00914-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Impact of pre-operative PSMA PET/CT for men with cN0M0 conventional imaging and pN+ prostate cancer: Results from a multicenter study. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00296-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Evaluating the impact of complications on survival outcomes in patients treated with radical cystectomy for bladder cancer. Results from a European multi-institutional collaboration (YAU Urothelial Cancer Group). Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00200-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Minimally invasive cytoreductive nephrectomy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma in the immunotherapy era: Results from the REMARC-IO database. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00378-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Differences in survival of clear cell metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients according to partial vs. radical nephrectomy. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00377-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Sarcomatoid vs. urothelial bladder cancer: Impact of radical cystectomy on cancer control outcomes. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)01338-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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The role of warm ischemia time on functional outcomes after robotic partial nephrectomy: Data from the clock randomized trial. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)01068-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Comparing oncological and perioperative outcomes of open versus laparoscopic versus robotic radical nephroureterectomy for the treatment of upper tract urothelial carcinoma: A multicenter, multinational, propensity score-matched analysis. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00562-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Robot-assisted, laparoscopic, and open radical cystectomy: Surgical data of 1400 patients from The Italian Radical Cystectomy Registry (RIC) on intraoperative outcomes. EUR UROL SUPPL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(22)02576-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Minimally invasive cytoreductive nephrectomy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma in the immunotherapy era: results from the remarc-io database. EUR UROL SUPPL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(22)01057-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Evaluating the impact of complications on survival outcomes in patients treated with radical cystectomy for bladder cancer. Results from an european multi-institutional collaboration (YAU urothelial cancer group). EUR UROL SUPPL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(22)01124-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Clinical evaluation of miniature flexible scope for diagnosis of ureteroscope working channel defects. EUR UROL SUPPL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(22)01039-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Changes in renal function after nephroureterectomy for upper urinary tract carcinoma: analysis of a large multicenter cohort (radical nephroureterectomy outcomes (RANEO) research consortium). EUR UROL SUPPL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(22)01230-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Effect of chemotherapy in sarcomatoid bladder cancer patients treated with radical cystectomy. EUR UROL SUPPL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(22)01129-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Translation and validation of the italian version of the wisconsin stone quality of life (WISQOL) questionnaire: a multicentric study. EUR UROL SUPPL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(22)01040-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Predictors of residual tumor at re-staging transurethral resection for high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: insights from a large multi-institutional collaboration. EUR UROL SUPPL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(22)01227-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Clinical governance of patients with acute coronary syndromes. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL. ACUTE CARDIOVASCULAR CARE 2022; 11:797-805. [PMID: 36124872 PMCID: PMC9709629 DOI: 10.1093/ehjacc/zuac106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Using the principles of clinical governance, a patient-centred approach intended to promote holistic quality improvement, we designed a prospective, multicentre study in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). We aimed to verify and quantify consecutive inclusion and describe relative and absolute effects of indicators of quality for diagnosis and therapy. METHODS AND RESULTS Administrative codes for invasive coronary angiography and acute myocardial infarction were used to estimate the ACS universe. The ratio between the number of patients included and the estimated ACS universe was the consecutive index. Co-primary quality indicators were timely reperfusion in patients admitted with ST-elevation ACS and optimal medical therapy at discharge. Cox-proportional hazard models for 1-year death with admission and discharge-specific covariates quantified relative risk reductions and adjusted number needed to treat (NNT) absolute risk reductions. Hospital codes tested had a 99.5% sensitivity to identify ACS universe. We estimated that 7344 (95% CI: 6852-7867) ACS patients were admitted and 5107 were enrolled-i.e. a consecutive index of 69.6% (95% CI 64.9-74.5%), which varied from 30.7 to 79.2% across sites. Timely reperfusion was achieved in 22.4% (95% CI: 20.7-24.1%) of patients, was associated with an adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for 1-year death of 0.60 (95% CI: 0.40-0.89) and an adjusted NNT of 65 (95% CI: 44-250). Corresponding values for optimal medical therapy were 70.1% (95% CI: 68.7-71.4%), HR of 0.50 (95% CI: 0.38-0.66), and NNT of 98 (95% CI: 79-145). CONCLUSION A comprehensive approach to quality for patients with ACS may promote equitable access of care and inform implementation of health care delivery. REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.Gov ID NCT04255537.
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Impact of relativistic corrections on the detectability of dark-matter spikes with gravitational waves. Int J Clin Exp Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.106.044027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Radical Nephroureterectomy Tetrafecta: A Proposal Reporting Surgical Strategy Quality at Surgery. EUR UROL SUPPL 2022; 42:1-8. [PMID: 35911084 PMCID: PMC9334825 DOI: 10.1016/j.euros.2022.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Standardized methods for reporting surgical quality have been described for all the major urological procedures apart from radical nephroureterectomy (RNU). Objective To propose a tetrafecta criterion for assessing the quality of RNU based on a consensus panel within the Young Association of Urology (YAU) Urothelial Group, and to test the impact of this tetrafecta in a multicenter, large contemporary cohort of patients treated with RNU for upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). Design, setting, and participants This was a retrospective analysis of 1765 patients with UTUC treated between 2000 and 2021. Outcome measurements and statistical analysis We interviewed the YAU Urothelial Group to propose and score a list of items to be included in the “RNU-fecta.” A ranking was generated for the criteria with the highest sum score. These criteria were applied to a large multicenter cohort of patients. Kaplan-Meier curves were built to evaluate differences in overall survival (OS) rates between groups, and a multivariable logistic regression model was used to find the predictors of achieving the RNU tetrafecta. Results and limitations The criteria with the highest score included three surgical items such as negative soft tissue surgical margins, bladder cuff excision, lymph node dissection according to guideline recommendations, and one oncological item defined by the absence of any recurrence in ≤12 mo. These items formed the RNU tetrafecta. Within a median follow-up of 30 mo, 52.6% of patients achieved the RNU tetrafecta. The 5-yr OS rates were significantly higher for patients achieving tetrafecta than for their counterparts (76% vs 51%). Younger age, lower body mass index, and robotic approach were found to be independent predictors of tetrafecta achievement. Conversely, a higher Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group score, higher clinical stage, and bladder cancer history were inversely associated with tetrafecta. Conclusions Herein, we present a “tetrafecta” composite endpoint that may serve as a potential tool to assess the overall quality of the RNU procedure. Pending external validation, this tool could allow a comparison between surgical series and may be useful for assessing the learning curve of the procedure as well as for evaluating the impact of new technologies in the field. Patient summary In this study, a tetrafecta criterion was developed for assessing the surgical quality of radical nephroureterectomy in patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma. Patients who achieved tetrafecta had higher 5-yr overall survival rates than those who did not.
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O-001 Semen impairment and occurrence of SARS-CoV-2 virus in semen after recovery from COVID-19. Hum Reprod 2022. [PMCID: PMC9384383 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac104.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The presence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in human semen and its role in virus contagion and semen quality after recovery from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still unclear. Recent reports evidence that, after SARS-CoV-2 infection, male reproductive function and semen quality may be damaged. Aim To evaluate the semen parameters and inflammation of sexually active men following recovery from SARS-CoV-2 infection at 1 month and 3 months follow-up after the second negative nasopharyngeal swab. Materials and methods A prospective cross-sectional study on sexually active men recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection was performed. For previously hospitalized COVID-19 patients, data on serum inflammatory markers were retrospectively collected. One month after the second SARS-CoV-2 negative nasopharyngeal swab and 3 months later, four biological fluid samples, namely saliva, pre-ejaculation urine, semen, and post-ejaculation urine, were collected. The occurrence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the specimen was evaluated in all the biological fluids collected by RT-PCR. Female partners were retested if any specimen was found to be SARS-CoV-2 positive. Semen parameters were evaluated according to the World Health Organization manual edition V. Furthermore, semen inflammation was assessed by quantification of semen leukocytes and interleukin-8 (IL-8) levels and evaluation of a panel of sperm cytokine levels by a two-step ELISA method. Results A total of 43 men were enrolled in the study. Three patients (7%) tested positive for at least one sample (one saliva; one pre-ejaculation urine; one semen and one post-ejaculation urine), so the next day new nasopharyngeal swabs were collected. The results from these 3 patients and their partners were all negative for SARS-CoV-2. At 1-month follow-up, 25% of the men with recent SARS-Cov-2 infections and proven healing were oligo-cryptoazoospermic, despite the absence of virus RNA in semen. Of the 11 men with semen impairment, 8 were azoospermic and 3 were oligospermic. Serum inflammatory markers (procalcitonin and C-reactive protein) were analyzed in previously hospitalized patients both at admission and at peak of infection. Levels at admission were statistically significantly higher in patients resulting in crypto-azoospermic with respect to those resulting in normozoospermic (p = 0.05; p = 0.03 and p = 0.02, respectively) after healing. Oligo-crypto-azoospermia was significantly related to COVID-19 severity (P < 0.001). A total of 33 patients (76.7%) showed pathological levels of IL-8 in semen. Interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α levels were significantly negatively related to sperm total number and concentration, whereas interleukin-4 was correlated with sperm motility. At 3-months follow-up, 8/10 men with semen impairment showed an overall increase of semen parameters compared to levels assessed after 1 month. Of the 4 crypto-/azoo-spermic men 1 month after healing, 2 resulted oligozoospermic, 1 normozoospermic and only 1 remained azoospermic. Two of the 3 oligozoospermic men turned normozoozpermic. Semen cytokine levels remained elevated after 3 months, except for IL-6. Discussion and conclusion SARS-CoV-2 can be detected in saliva, urine, and semen in a small percentage of men who recovered from COVID-19. 25% of men who recovered from COVID-19 demonstrated oligo-crypto-azoospermia. Negative correlations between interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α and sperm number and the overall high levels of semen cytokines indicate a potential detrimental role of SARS-CoV-2 driven inflammation on spermatogenesis. An overall tendency to an improvement of semen parameters was found although a genital tract inflammatory condition appears to persist at least 3 months after COVID-19 recovery. Despite the low number of enrolled patients may limit the statistical power of study and the fact that the previous semen quality of these men was unknown, our results indicate that male of reproductive age recovering from COVID-19 deserve accurate follow-up for their fertility status.
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POS1267 LONG-TERM SURVEY STUDY OF THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON SYSTEMIC AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES. LOW DEATH RATE DESPITE THE INCREASED PREVALENCE OF SYMPTOMATIC INFECTION. ROLE OF PRE-EXISTING INTERSTITIAL LUNG DISEASE AND ONGOING TREATMENTS. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.4522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundPatients with autoimmune systemic diseases (ASDs) can be counted among frail populations as regards the predisposition to COVID-19 due to the frequent visceral organ involvement and comorbidities, as well as the ongoing immunomodulating treatments.ObjectivesOur long-term multicenter telephone survey prospectively investigated the prevalence, prognostic factors, and outcomes of COVID-19 in Italian ASD patients during the first 3 pandemic waves.MethodsA large series of 3,918 ASD patients (815 M, 3103 F; mean age 59±12SD years) was consecutively recruited at the 36 referral centers of COVID-19 & ASD Italian Study Group. In particular, ASD series encompassed the following conditions: rheumatoid arthritis (n: 981), psoriatic arthritis (n: 471), ankylosing spondylitis (n: 159), systemic sclerosis (n: 1,738), systemic lupus (172), systemic vasculitis (n: 219), and a miscellany of other ASDs (n: 178). The development of COVID-19 was recorded by means of telephone survey using standardized symptom-assessment questionnaire (1).ResultsA significantly increased prevalence of COVID-19 (8.37% vs 6.49%; p<0.0001) was observed in our ASD patients, while the cumulative death rate revealed statistically comparable to the Italian general population (3.65% vs 2.95%; p: ns). In particular, among the 328 ASD patients complicated by COVID-19, 57 (17%) needed hospitalization, while mild-moderate manifestations were observed in the large majority of individuals (83%). In addition, 12/57 hospitalized patients died due to severe interstitial pneumonia and/or cardiovascular manifestations.Interestingly, a significantly higher COVID-19-related death rate was observed in systemic sclerosis patients compared to the Italian general population (6.29% vs 2.95%; p=0.018). Other adverse prognostic factors to develop COVID-19 were the patients’ older age, male gender, pre-existing ASD-related interstitial lung involvement, and chronic steroid treatment. Conversely, patients treated with conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (csDMARDs) showed a significantly lower prevalence of COVID-19 compared to those without (3.58% vs 46.99%; p=0.000), as well as the chronic administration of low dose aspirin in a subgroup of SSc patients (with 5.57% vs without 27.84%; p=0.000).ConclusionThe cumulative impact of COVID-19 on ASD patients after the first 3 pandemic waves revealed less severe than that observed during the first phase of pandemic (1), especially with regards to the death rate that was comparable to the Italian general population in spite of the increased prevalence of complicating COVID-19 in the same ASD series.Ongoing long-term treatments, mainly csDMARDs, might usefully contribute to generally positive outcomes of in this frail patients’ population.Of note, a significantly increased COVID-19-related mortality was recorded in only SSc patients’ subgroup, possibly favored by pre-existing lung fibrosis. Among different ASD, SSc deserves special attention, since it shares the main pathological alterations with COVID-19, namely the interstitial lung involvement and the endothelial injury responsible for diffuse microangiopathy.Besides SSc, the patients’ subgroups characterized by older age, chronic steroid treatment, pre-existing interstitial lung disease, and/or impaired COVID-19 vaccine response (1-3), may deserve well-designed prevention and management strategies.References[1]Ferri C, et al. Ann Rheum Dis. 2020 Oct 14 doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-219113.[2]Ferri C et al. J Autoimmun. 2021 Dec;125:102744. doi: 10.1016/j.jaut.2021.102744.[3]Visentini M et al. Ann Rheum Dis. 2021 Nov 24. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-221248Disclosure of InterestsNone declared
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Evaluation of Two Water Deficit Models on Phenolic Profiles and Antioxidant Activities of Different Peach Fruits Parts. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202100851. [PMID: 35312161 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The present work was designed to evaluate the effects of two water shortage strategies on the phenolic profile and antioxidants activities of four Prunus persica L. cultivars (Flordastar, Early May crest, Rubirich and O'Henry). Over the course of two successive seasons (2016 and 2017), three different irrigation strategies were tested: full irrigation (FI: 100 % crop evapotranspiration (Etc)), sustained deficit irrigation (SDI: 50 % ETc), and cyclic deficit irrigation (CDI: irrigation at 100 % field capacity with a soil moisture of 50 % field capacity). HPLC-UV/VIS profile of phenolic compounds, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant activities were assessed in exocarp and mesocarp. The results showed that deficit irrigation improved the content of phenolic compounds and the antioxidant activities. In O'Henry, ascorbate peroxidase activity increased significantly under CDI in exocarp (249 %). In conclusion, most cultivars showed an improvement of the fruit quality under SDI, whereas O'Henry fruits gathered the highest phenolic amounts and displayed the best antioxidant activity under CDI.
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Role of hyperpnea in the relaxant effect of inspired CO 2 on methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2022; 132:1137-1144. [PMID: 35358399 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00763.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhaling carbon dioxide (CO2) in humans is known to cause inconsistent effects on airway function. These could be due to direct effects of CO2 on airway smooth muscle or to changes in minute ventilation (e). To address this issue, we examined the responses of the respiratory system to inhaled methacholine in healthy and mild asthmatics while breathing air or gas mixtures containing 2% or 4% CO2. Respiratory mechanics were measured by a forced oscillation technique at 5 Hz during tidal breathing. At baseline, respiratory resistance (R5) was significantly higher in asthmatics (2.53±0.38 cm H2O•L-1•s) than healthy subjects (2.11±0.42 cm H2O•L-1•s) (p=0.008) with room air. Similar values were observed with CO2 2% or 4% in the two groups. e, tidal volume (VT), and breathing frequency (BF) significantly increased with CO2-containing mixtures (p<0.001) with insignificant differences between groups. After methacholine, the increase in R5 and the decrease in respiratory reactance (X5) were significantly attenuated up to about 50% with CO2-containing mixtures instead of room air in both asthmatic (p<0.001) and controls (p<0.001). Mediation analysis showed that the attenuation of methacholine-induced changes in respiratory mechanics by CO2 was due to the increase in e (p=0.006 for R5 and p=0.014 for X5) independently of the increase in VT or BF, rather than a direct effect of CO2. These findings suggest that the increased stretching of airway smooth muscle by the CO2-induced increase in e is a mechanism through which hypercapnia can attenuate bronchoconstrictor responses in healthy and mild asthmatic subjects.
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Gender disparities in kidney surgery: A real-life snapshot for a large prospective, multicenter observational study (the RECORd2 Project). Eur Urol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(22)01069-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Radical cystectomy for bladder cancer in patients previously treated for prostate cancer: Perioperative and oncological outcomes. Eur Urol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(22)00709-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Oncological and safety profiles in patients undergoing simultaneous transurethral resection of bladder tumor and prostate: Results from a large multicenter international collaboration. Eur Urol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(22)00331-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Diagnosis of prostate cancer in men treated with 5-alpha-reducates inhibitors with multi-parametric MRI: Results of a multicenter international collaboration. Eur Urol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(22)00832-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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The effect of COVID-19 outbreak on endourological treatments for urinary stones: A retrospective multicentric study. Eur Urol 2022. [PMCID: PMC9155269 DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(22)00335-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Renal function variation after nephroureterectomy for upper urinary tract carcinoma: Evaluation in a large multicenter cohort (Radical Nephroureterectomy Outcomes (RaNeO) Research Consortium). Eur Urol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(22)00380-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Predictors of residual tumor at re-staging transurethral resection for high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: Insights from a large multi-institutional collaboration. Eur Urol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(22)00237-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Selecting the best candidates for cisplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy after radical cystectomy in patients with pN+ bladder cancer. EUR UROL SUPPL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(21)03193-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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The American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status system independently predicted the risk of complications after robot assisted radical prostatectomy: Results in 1143 consecutive cases. EUR UROL SUPPL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(21)02232-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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HyPer-QuarCh II: A laboratory-scale device for hydrogen isotopes permeation experiments. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2021.112920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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