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Charnesky AJ, Faust JE, Lee H, Puligedda RD, Goetschius DJ, DiNunno NM, Thapa V, Bator CM, Cho SHJ, Wahid R, Mahmood K, Dessain S, Chumakov KM, Rosenfeld A, Hafenstein SL. A human monoclonal antibody binds within the poliovirus receptor-binding site to neutralize all three serotypes. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6335. [PMID: 37816742 PMCID: PMC10564760 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41052-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Global eradication of poliovirus remains elusive, and it is critical to develop next generation vaccines and antivirals. In support of this goal, we map the epitope of human monoclonal antibody 9H2 which is able to neutralize the three serotypes of poliovirus. Using cryo-EM we solve the near-atomic structures of 9H2 fragments (Fab) bound to capsids of poliovirus serotypes 1, 2, and 3. The Fab-virus complexes show that Fab interacts with the same binding mode for each serotype and at the same angle of interaction relative to the capsid surface. For each of the Fab-virus complexes, we find that the binding site overlaps with the poliovirus receptor (PVR) binding site and maps across and into a depression in the capsid called the canyon. No conformational changes to the capsid are induced by Fab binding for any complex. Competition binding experiments between 9H2 and PVR reveal that 9H2 impedes receptor binding. Thus, 9H2 outcompetes the receptor to neutralize poliovirus. The ability to neutralize all three serotypes, coupled with the critical importance of the conserved receptor binding site make 9H2 an attractive antiviral candidate for future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Charnesky
- Molecular, Cellular, and Integrative Biosciences Program, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
- Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Julia E Faust
- Department of Biochemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Hyunwook Lee
- Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Rama Devudu Puligedda
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Lankenau Medical Center, 100 East Lancaster Avenue, Wynnewood, PA, 19096, USA
| | - Daniel J Goetschius
- Molecular, Cellular, and Integrative Biosciences Program, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
- Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Nadia M DiNunno
- Molecular, Cellular, and Integrative Biosciences Program, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
- Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Vaskar Thapa
- Department of Biochemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Carol M Bator
- Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Sung Hyun Joseph Cho
- Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Rahnuma Wahid
- Center for Vaccine Innovation and Access, PATH, Seattle, WA, 98121, USA
| | - Kutub Mahmood
- Center for Vaccine Innovation and Access, PATH, Seattle, WA, 98121, USA
| | - Scott Dessain
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Lankenau Medical Center, 100 East Lancaster Avenue, Wynnewood, PA, 19096, USA
| | - Konstantin M Chumakov
- Office of Vaccines Research and Review, Division of Viral Products, Laboratory of Method Development, FDA, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Amy Rosenfeld
- Office of Vaccines Research and Review, Division of Viral Products, Laboratory of Method Development, FDA, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Susan L Hafenstein
- Molecular, Cellular, and Integrative Biosciences Program, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
- Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.
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Hartmann SR, Charnesky AJ, Früh SP, López-Astacio RA, Weichert WS, DiNunno N, Cho SH, Bator CM, Parrish CR, Hafenstein SL. Cryo EM structures map a post vaccination polyclonal antibody response to canine parvovirus. Commun Biol 2023; 6:955. [PMID: 37726539 PMCID: PMC10509169 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05319-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Canine parvovirus (CPV) is an important pathogen that emerged by cross-species transmission to cause severe disease in dogs. To understand the host immune response to vaccination, sera from dogs immunized with parvovirus are obtained, the polyclonal antibodies are purified and used to solve the high resolution cryo EM structures of the polyclonal Fab-virus complexes. We use a custom software, Icosahedral Subparticle Extraction and Correlated Classification (ISECC) to perform subparticle analysis and reconstruct polyclonal Fab-virus complexes from two different dogs eight and twelve weeks post vaccination. In the resulting polyclonal Fab-virus complexes there are a total of five distinct Fabs identified. In both cases, any of the five antibodies identified would interfere with receptor binding. This polyclonal mapping approach identifies a specific, limited immune response to the live vaccine virus and allows us to investigate the binding of multiple different antibodies or ligands to virus capsids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha R Hartmann
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Andrew J Charnesky
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Simon P Früh
- Baker Institute for Animal Health, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Robert A López-Astacio
- Baker Institute for Animal Health, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Wendy S Weichert
- Baker Institute for Animal Health, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Nadia DiNunno
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Sung Hung Cho
- Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Carol M Bator
- Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Colin R Parrish
- Baker Institute for Animal Health, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Susan L Hafenstein
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
- Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
- Department of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA.
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