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Gasparini P, Philot EA, Pantaleão SQ, Torres-Bonfim NESM, Kliousoff A, Quiroz RCN, Perahia D, Simões RP, Magro AJ, Scott AL. Unveiling mutation effects on the structural dynamics of the main protease from SARS-CoV-2 with hybrid simulation methods. J Mol Graph Model 2023; 121:108443. [PMID: 36870228 PMCID: PMC9945984 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2023.108443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
The main protease of SARS-CoV-2 (called Mpro or 3CLpro) is essential for processing polyproteins encoded by viral RNA. Several Mpro mutations were found in SARS-CoV-2 variants, which are related to higher transmissibility, pathogenicity, and resistance to neutralization antibodies. Macromolecules adopt several favored conformations in solution depending on their structure and shape, determining their dynamics and function. In this study, we used a hybrid simulation method to generate intermediate structures along the six lowest frequency normal modes and sample the conformational space and characterize the structural dynamics and global motions of WT SARS-CoV-2 Mpro and 48 mutations, including mutations found in P.1, B.1.1.7, B.1.351, B.1.525 and B.1.429+B.1.427 variants. We tried to contribute to the elucidation of the effects of mutation in the structural dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro. A machine learning analysis was performed following the investigation regarding the influence of the K90R, P99L, P108S, and N151D mutations on the dimeric interface assembling of the SARS-CoV-2 Mpro. The parameters allowed the selection of potential structurally stable dimers, which demonstrated that some single surface aa substitutions not located at the dimeric interface (K90R, P99L, P108S, and N151D) are able to induce significant quaternary changes. Furthermore, our results demonstrated, by a Quantum Mechanics method, the influence of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro mutations on the catalytic mechanism, confirming that only one of the chains of the WT and mutant SARS-CoV-2 Mpros are prone to cleave substrates. Finally, it was also possible to identify the aa residue F140 as an important factor related to the increasing enzymatic reactivity of a significant number of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro conformations generated by the normal modes-based simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Gasparini
- Computational Biology and Biophysics Laboratory, Federal University of ABC - UFABC, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - E A Philot
- Computational Biology and Biophysics Laboratory, Federal University of ABC - UFABC, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - S Q Pantaleão
- Computational Biology and Biophysics Laboratory, Federal University of ABC - UFABC, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - N E S M Torres-Bonfim
- Computational Biology and Biophysics Laboratory, Federal University of ABC - UFABC, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A Kliousoff
- Computational Biology and Biophysics Laboratory, Federal University of ABC - UFABC, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R C N Quiroz
- Computational Biology and Biophysics Laboratory, Federal University of ABC - UFABC, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - D Perahia
- École Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, LBPA, Scaly, France
| | - R P Simões
- Department of Bioprocesses and Biotechnology, School of Agriculture (FCA), Unesp, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A J Magro
- Department of Bioprocesses and Biotechnology, School of Agriculture (FCA), Unesp, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil; Institute of Biotechnology (IBTEC), Unesp, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A L Scott
- Computational Biology and Biophysics Laboratory, Federal University of ABC - UFABC, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Bertanha M, Rodrigues LDS, Mellucci Filho PL, Moroz A, Pardini MIDMC, Sobreira ML, Durigon EL, Machado RRG, Grotto RMT, de Lima MA, Nader HB, de Moraes ML, Barbosa AN, Medolago NB, Cardoso FF, Magro AJ, Carvalho CRG, de Moraes LN, Alvarado RDC, Nunes HC, de Campos GC, Grillo VTRDS, Sertorio ND, Fortaleza CMCB. Nebulized enriched heparin to treat no critical patients with Sars-Cov-2: Triple-blind clinical trial. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e28288. [PMID: 34941114 PMCID: PMC8702290 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000028288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a viral respiratory disease that spreads rapidly, reaching pandemic status, causing the collapse of numerous health systems, and a strong economic and social impact. The treatment so far has not been well established and there are several clinical trials testing known drugs that have antiviral activity, due to the urgency that the global situation imposes. Drugs with specific mechanisms of action can take years to be discovered, while vaccines may also take a long time to be widely distributed while new virus variants emerge. Thus, drug repositioning has been shown to be a good strategy for defining new therapeutic approaches. Studies of the effect of enriched heparin in the replication of severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in vitro assays justify the advance for clinical tests. METHODS AND ANALYSIS A phase I/II triple-blind parallel clinical trial will be conducted. Fifty participants with radiological diagnosis of grade IIA pneumonia will be selected, which will be allocated in 2 arms. Participants allocated in Group 1 (placebo) will receive nebulized 0.9% saline. Participants allocated in Group 2 (intervention) will receive nebulized enriched heparin (2.5 mg/mL 0.9% saline). Both groups will receive the respective solutions on a 4/4 hour basis, for 7 days. The main outcomes of interest will be safety (absence of serious adverse events) and efficacy (measured by the viral load).Protocols will be filled on a daily basis, ranging from day 0 (diagnosis) until day 8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Bertanha
- Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, São Paulo State University – UNESP, Botucatu Medical School, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
- Applied Biotechnology Laboratory, Research Nucleus of Clinical Hospital, São Paulo State University – UNESP, Botucatu Medical School, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Lenize da Silva Rodrigues
- Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, São Paulo State University – UNESP, Botucatu Medical School, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Pedro Luciano Mellucci Filho
- Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, São Paulo State University – UNESP, Botucatu Medical School, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Andrei Moroz
- Department of Bioprocess and Biotechnology, São Paulo State University – UNESP, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Inês de Moura Campos Pardini
- Applied Biotechnology Laboratory, Research Nucleus of Clinical Hospital, São Paulo State University – UNESP, Botucatu Medical School, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
- Internal Medicine Division, São Paulo State University – UNESP, Botucatu Medical School, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcone Lima Sobreira
- Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, São Paulo State University – UNESP, Botucatu Medical School, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Edison Luiz Durigon
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo – USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Scientific Platform Pasteur, University of São Paulo – USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Rejane Maria Tommasini Grotto
- Applied Biotechnology Laboratory, Research Nucleus of Clinical Hospital, São Paulo State University – UNESP, Botucatu Medical School, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
- Bioprocessing and Biotechnology Department, São Paulo State University – UNESP, School of Agriculture, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Andrade de Lima
- Molecular & Structural Biosciences, School of Life Sciences, Keele University, Newcastle-Under-Lyme, Staffordshire, UK
| | - Helena Bonciani Nader
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of São Paulo – UNIFESP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marli Leite de Moraes
- Institute of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo – UNIFESP, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Naime Barbosa
- Department of Infectious Diseases, São Paulo State University – UNESP, Botucatu Medical School, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Natália Bronzatto Medolago
- Clinical Research Unit, São Paulo State University – UNESP, Botucatu Medical School, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Angelo José Magro
- Biosciences Institute, São Paulo State University – UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Leonardo Nazário de Moraes
- Applied Biotechnology Laboratory, Research Nucleus of Clinical Hospital, São Paulo State University – UNESP, Botucatu Medical School, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
- Bioprocessing and Biotechnology Department, São Paulo State University – UNESP, School of Agriculture, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Rita de Cássia Alvarado
- Applied Biotechnology Laboratory, Research Nucleus of Clinical Hospital, São Paulo State University – UNESP, Botucatu Medical School, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Helga Caputo Nunes
- Quality control laboratory, Cellavita Scientific Research, Valinhos, SP, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Constantino de Campos
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University of Campinas – UNICAMP, School of Medical Sciences, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Nathalia Dias Sertorio
- Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, São Paulo State University – UNESP, Botucatu Medical School, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
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de Andrade DGA, Basso RM, Magro AJ, Laufer-Amorim R, Borges AS, de Oliveira-Filho JP. Evaluation of a new variant in the aggrecan gene potentially associated with chondrodysplastic dwarfism in Miniature horses. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15238. [PMID: 32943661 PMCID: PMC7499210 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72192-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chondrodysplastic dwarfism in Miniature horses is an autosomal recessive disorder previously associated with four mutations (D1, D2, D3*, and D4) in the aggrecan (ACAN) gene. The aim of this study was to identify additional variants in the candidate ACAN gene associated with chondrodysplastic dwarfism in Miniature horses. Fifteen dwarf Miniature horses were found to possess only one of the dwarfism-causing variants, and two possessed none of the variants. The ACAN exons (EquCab3.0) of seven dwarf Miniature horses were sequenced. A missense SNP in coding exon 11 (g.95271115A > T, c.6465A > T-RefSeq XM_005602799.2), which resulted in the amino acid substitution p.Leu2155Phe (RefSeq XP_005602856.2), was initially associated with the dwarf phenotype. The variant was tested and found present in 14 dwarf foals as well as one parent of each, and both parents of a dwarf possessing two copies. Genetic testing of 347 phenotypically normal Miniature horses demonstrated that none had more than one of the dwarf alleles or c.6465A > T. However, a study of large breeds revealed the presence of c.6465A > T, which was present in homozygosis in two Mangalarga Marchador horses. We suggest that c.6465A > T as a marker of disequilibrium or complex interactions in the Miniature horse genome could contribute to the associated dwarfism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roberta Martins Basso
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, 18618-681, Brazil
| | - Angelo José Magro
- Institute for Biotechnology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, 18607-440, Brazil.,School of Agriculture, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, 18610-034, Brazil
| | - Renée Laufer-Amorim
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, 18618-681, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Secorun Borges
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, 18618-681, Brazil
| | - José Paes de Oliveira-Filho
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, 18618-681, Brazil.
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Nazario de Moraes L, Tommasini Grotto RM, Targino Valente G, de Carvalho Sampaio H, Magro AJ, Fogaça L, Wolf IR, Perahia D, Faria Silva G, Plana Simões R. A novel molecular mechanism to explain mutations of the HCV protease associated with resistance against covalently bound inhibitors. Virus Res 2019; 274:197778. [PMID: 31618615 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2019.197778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
NS3 is an important therapeutic target for direct-acting antiviral (DAA) drugs. However, many patients treated with DAAs have unsustained virologic response (UVR) due to the high mutation rate of HCV. The aim of this work was to shed some light on the puzzling molecular mechanisms of the virus's of patients who showed high viral loads even under treatment with DAA. Bioinformatics tools, molecular modelling analyses were employed to identify mutations associated with HCV resistance to boceprevir and possible structural features related to this phenomenon. We identified two mutations of NS3 that may be associated with HCV resistance: D168N and L153I. The substitution D168N was previously reported in the literature as related with drug failure. Additionally, we identified that its molecular resistance mechanism can be explained by the destabilization of receptor-ligand hydrogen bonds. For the L153I mutation, the resistance mechanism is different from previous models reported in the literature. The L153I substitution decreases the S139 deprotonation susceptibility, and consequently, this mutation impairs the covalent binding between the residue S139 from NS3 and the electrophilic trap on boceprevir, which can induce drug failure. These results were supported by the time course analysis of the mutations of the NS3 protease, which showed that boceprevir was designed for enzymes with an L residue at position 153; however, the sequences with I153 are predominant nowadays. The results presented here could be used to infer about resistance in others DAA, mainly protease inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Nazario de Moraes
- Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agriculture, Department of Bioprocess and Biotechnology, Avenue Universitária, 3780, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Rejane Maria Tommasini Grotto
- Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agriculture, Department of Bioprocess and Biotechnology, Avenue Universitária, 3780, Botucatu, SP, Brazil; Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Medical School, Blood Center, Avenue Prof. Mário Rubens Guimarães Montenegro, s/n, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Targino Valente
- Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agriculture, Department of Bioprocess and Biotechnology, Avenue Universitária, 3780, Botucatu, SP, Brazil; Max Planck Institut for Heart and Lung Research, Ludwigstraße 43, 61231, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Heloisa de Carvalho Sampaio
- Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Medical School, Blood Center, Avenue Prof. Mário Rubens Guimarães Montenegro, s/n, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Angelo José Magro
- Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agriculture, Department of Bioprocess and Biotechnology, Avenue Universitária, 3780, Botucatu, SP, Brazil; Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Medical School, Blood Center, Avenue Prof. Mário Rubens Guimarães Montenegro, s/n, Botucatu, SP, Brazil; Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Street Prof. Dr. Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin, 250, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Lauana Fogaça
- Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agriculture, Department of Bioprocess and Biotechnology, Avenue Universitária, 3780, Botucatu, SP, Brazil; Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Street Prof. Dr. Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin, 250, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Ivan Rodrigo Wolf
- Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Street Prof. Dr. Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin, 250, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - David Perahia
- École Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, Laboratory of Biology and Applied Pharmacology, Cachan, 94235, France
| | - Giovanni Faria Silva
- Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Medical School, Blood Center, Avenue Prof. Mário Rubens Guimarães Montenegro, s/n, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael Plana Simões
- Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agriculture, Department of Bioprocess and Biotechnology, Avenue Universitária, 3780, Botucatu, SP, Brazil; Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Medical School, Blood Center, Avenue Prof. Mário Rubens Guimarães Montenegro, s/n, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
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Cruz TF, Magro AJ, de Castro AMMG, Pedraza-Ordoñez FJ, Tsunemi MH, Perahia D, Araujo JP. In vitro and in silico studies reveal capsid-mutant Porcine circovirus 2b with novel cytopathogenic and structural characteristics. Virus Res 2018; 251:22-33. [PMID: 29730308 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2018.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) is an icosahedral, non-enveloped, and single-stranded circular DNA virus that belongs to the family Circoviridae, genus Circovirus, and is responsible for a complex of different diseases defined as porcine circovirus diseases (PCVDs). These diseases - including postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS), enteric disease, respiratory disease, porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome (PDNS), and reproductive failure - are responsible for large economic losses in the pig industry. After serial passages in swine testicle (ST) cells of a wild-type virus isolated from an animal with PMWS, we identified three PCV2b viruses with capsid protein (known as Cap protein) cumulative mutations, including two novel mutants. The mutant viruses were introduced into new ST cell cultures for reisolation and showed, in comparison to the wild-type PCV2b, remarkable viral replication efficiency (> 1011 DNA copies/ml) and cell death via necrosis, which were clearly related to the accretion of capsid protein mutations. The analysis of a Cap protein/capsid model showed that the mutated residues were located in solvent-accessible positions on the external PCV2b surface. Additionally, the mutated residues were found in linear epitopes and participated in pockets on the capsid surface, indicating that these residues could also be involved in antibody recognition. Taking into account the likely natural emergence of PCV2b variants, it is possible to consider that the results of this work increase knowledge of Circovirus biology and could help to prevent future serious cases of vaccine failure that could lead to heavy losses to the swine industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taís Fukuta Cruz
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Biociências (IB), Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil; Instituto de Biotecnologia (IBTEC), Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Angelo José Magro
- Instituto de Biotecnologia (IBTEC), Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil; Departamento de Bioprocessos e Biotecnologia, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas (FCA), Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Alessandra M M G de Castro
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Saúde Animal, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Miriam Harumi Tsunemi
- Departamento de Bioestatística, Instituto de Biociências (IB), Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - David Perahia
- Laboratoire de Biologie et de Pharmacologie Appliquée, ENS Cachan/Université Paris-Saclay, Cachan, France.
| | - João Pessoa Araujo
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Biociências (IB), Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil; Instituto de Biotecnologia (IBTEC), Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Mendes MM, Vieira SAPB, Gomes MSR, Paula VF, Alcântara TM, Homsi-Brandeburgo MI, dos Santos JI, Magro AJ, Fontes MRM, Rodrigues VM. Triacontyl p-coumarate: an inhibitor of snake venom metalloproteinases. Phytochemistry 2013; 86:72-82. [PMID: 23141056 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2012.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2012] [Revised: 08/18/2012] [Accepted: 10/16/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Snake venom metalloproteinases (SVMPs) participate in a number of important biological, physiological and pathophysiological processes and are primarily responsible for the local tissue damage characteristic of viperid snake envenomations. The use of medicinal plant extracts as antidotes against animal venoms is an old practice, especially against snake envenomations. Such plants are sources of many pharmacologically active compounds and have been shown to antagonize the effects of some venoms and toxins. The present study explores the activity of triacontyl p-coumarate (PCT), an active compound isolated from root bark of Bombacopsis glabra vegetal extract (Bg), against harmful effects of Bothropoides pauloensis snake venom and isolated toxins (SVMPs or phospholipase A(2)). Before inhibition assays, Bg or PCT was incubated with venom or toxins at ratios of 1:1 and 1:5 (w/w; venom or isolated toxins/PCT) for 30 min at 37°C. Treatment conditions were also assayed to simulate snakebite with PCT inoculated at either the same venom or toxin site. PCT neutralized fibrinogenolytic activity and plasmatic fibrinogen depletion induced by B. pauloensis venom or isolated toxin. PCT also efficiently inhibited the hemorrhagic (3MDH - minimum hemorrhagic dose injected i.d into mice) and myotoxic activities induced by Jararhagin, a metalloproteinase from B. jararaca at 1:5 ratio (toxin: inhibitor, w/w) when it was previously incubated with PCT and injected into mice or when PCT was administered after toxin injection. Docking simulations using data on a metalloproteinase (Neuwiedase) structure suggest that the binding between the protein and the inhibitor occurs mainly in the active site region causing blockade of the enzymatic reaction by displacement of catalytic water. Steric hindrance may also play a role in the mechanism since the PCT hydrophobic tail was found to interact with the loop associated with substrate anchorage. Thus, PCT may provide a alternative to complement ophidian envenomation treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Mendes
- Instituto de Genética e Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, UFU, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
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Fortes-Dias CL, Santos RMMD, Magro AJ, Fontes MRDM, Chávez-Olórtegui C, Granier C. Identification of continuous interaction sites in PLA2-based protein complexes by peptide arrays. Biochimie 2009; 91:1482-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2009.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2009] [Accepted: 08/27/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Marchi-Salvador DP, Corrêa LC, Salvador GHM, Magro AJ, Oliveira CZ, Iulek J, Soares AM, Fontes MRM. Preliminary X-ray crystallographic studies of a tetrameric phospholipase A2 formed by two isoforms of crotoxin B from Crotalus durissus terrificus venom. Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun 2007; 63:1067-9. [PMID: 18084096 DOI: 10.1107/s1744309107058563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2007] [Accepted: 11/13/2007] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Crotoxin B is a basic phospholipase A2 found in the venom of Crotalus durissus terrificus and is one of the subunits that constitute crotoxin. This heterodimeric toxin, which is the main component of C. d. terrificus venom, is completed by an acidic, nontoxic and non-enzymatic component (crotoxin A) and is involved in important envenomation effects, such as neurological disorders, myotoxicity and renal failure. Although crotoxin was first crystallized in 1938, no crystal structure is currently available for crotoxin, crotoxin A or crotoxin B. In this work, the crystallization, X-ray diffraction data collection to 2.28 A resolution and molecular-replacement solution of a novel tetrameric complex formed by two dimers of crotoxin B isoforms (CB1 and CB2) is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- D P Marchi-Salvador
- Departamento de Física e Biofísica, Instituto de Biociências, UNESP, CP 510, 18618-000 Botucatu-SP, Brazil
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