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Carow B, Muliadi V, Skålén K, Yokota C, Kathamuthu GR, Setiabudiawan TP, Lange C, Scheu K, Gaede KI, Goldmann T, Pandita A, Masood KI, Pervez S, Grunewald J, Hasan Z, Levin M, Rottenberg ME. Immune mapping of human tuberculosis and sarcoidosis lung granulomas. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1332733. [PMID: 38385142 PMCID: PMC10879604 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1332733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) and sarcoidosis are both granulomatous diseases. Here, we compared the immunological microenvironments of granulomas from TB and sarcoidosis patients using in situ sequencing (ISS) transcriptomic analysis and multiplexed immunolabeling of tissue sections. TB lesions consisted of large necrotic and cellular granulomas, whereas "multifocal" granulomas with macrophages or epitheloid cell core and a T-cell rim were observed in sarcoidosis samples. The necrotic core in TB lesions was surrounded by macrophages and encircled by a dense T-cell layer. Within the T-cell layer, compact B-cell aggregates were observed in most TB samples. These B-cell clusters were vascularized and could contain defined B-/T-cell and macrophage-rich areas. The ISS of 40-60 immune transcripts revealed the enriched expression of transcripts involved in homing or migration to lymph nodes, which formed networks at single-cell distances in lymphoid areas of the TB lesions. Instead, myeloid-annotated regions were enriched in CD68, CD14, ITGAM, ITGAX, and CD4 mRNA. CXCL8 and IL1B mRNA were observed in granulocytic areas in which M. tuberculosis was also detected. In line with ISS data indicating tertiary lymphoid structures, immune labeling of TB sections expressed markers of high endothelial venules, follicular dendritic cells, follicular helper T cells, and lymph-node homing receptors on T cells. Neither ISS nor immunolabeling showed evidence of tertiary lymphoid aggregates in sarcoidosis samples. Together, our finding suggests that despite their heterogeneity, the formation of tertiary immune structures is a common feature in granulomas from TB patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berit Carow
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Victoria Muliadi
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kristina Skålén
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Chika Yokota
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gokul Raj Kathamuthu
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Christoph Lange
- Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany
| | - Katrin Scheu
- Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany
| | - Karoline I Gaede
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Borstel, Germany
- BioMaterialBank North, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany
| | - Torsten Goldmann
- Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Borstel, Germany
| | - Ankur Pandita
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kiran Iqbal Masood
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Pervez
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Johan Grunewald
- Respiratory Medicine Division, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zahra Hasan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Max Levin
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Martin E Rottenberg
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Bjursten S, Zhao Z, Al Remawi H, Studahl M, Pandita A, Simrén J, Zetterberg H, Lundell AC, Rudin A, Ny L, Levin M. Concentrations of S100B and neurofilament light chain in blood as biomarkers for checkpoint inhibitor-induced CNS inflammation. EBioMedicine 2024; 100:104955. [PMID: 38171113 PMCID: PMC10796943 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer treatment with immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) can cause immune-related adverse events in the central nervous system (CNS irAE). There are no blood biomarkers to detect CNS irAE. We investigated if concentrations of S100-calcium-binding protein B (S100B) and neurofilament light chain (NfL) in blood can be used as biomarkers for CNS irAE and assessed the incidence of CNS irAE in a cohort of ICI-treated patients. METHODS In this single-centre, retrospective cohort study, we examined medical records and laboratory data of 197 consecutive patients treated with combined CTLA-4 and PD-1 inhibition (ipilimumab; ipi + nivolumab; nivo) for metastatic melanoma or renal cell carcinoma. CNS irAE was diagnosed using established criteria. Concentrations of S100B and NfL in blood were measured in patients with CNS irAE and in 84 patients without CNS irAE. FINDINGS Nine of 197 patients (4.6%) fulfilled criteria for CNS irAE. S100B and NfL in blood increased during CNS inflammation and normalized during immunosuppression. CNS irAE was detected with a sensitivity of 100% (S100B) and 79% (NfL) and a specificity of 89% (S100B) and 74% (NfL). Patients with CNS irAE had simultaneous increased concentration of C-reactive protein (CRP) (9/9) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and/or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in blood (8/9). INTERPRETATION Analysis of S100B, NfL and CRP in blood facilitates the diagnosis of CNS irAE. CNS irAE may be more common than previously reported. There may be shared immune mechanisms between CNS and hepatitis irAE. FUNDING Supported by funding from the Swedish Cancer Foundation, the ALF-agreement, and Jubileumsklinikens Cancerfond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Bjursten
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Zhiyuan Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hifaa Al Remawi
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Marie Studahl
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Infectious Diseases, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ankur Pandita
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Joel Simrén
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK; Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong, China
| | - Anna-Carin Lundell
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Rudin
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lars Ny
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Max Levin
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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3
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Bravo P, Pandita A. An unusual temporal lobe lesion: A case report. Pathology 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2021.12.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Pandita A, Ekstrand M, Bjursten S, Zhao Z, Fogelstrand P, Le Gal K, Ny L, Bergo MO, Karlsson J, Nilsson JA, Akyürek LM, Levin MC, Borén J, Ewald AJ, Mostov KE, Levin M. Intussusceptive Angiogenesis in Human Metastatic Malignant Melanoma. Am J Pathol 2021; 191:2023-2038. [PMID: 34400131 PMCID: PMC8579244 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2021.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis supplies oxygen and nutrients to growing tumors. Inhibiting angiogenesis may stop tumor growth, but vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors have limited effect in most tumors. This limited effect may be explained by an additional, less vascular endothelial growth factor-driven form of angiogenesis known as intussusceptive angiogenesis. The importance of intussusceptive angiogenesis in human tumors is not known. Epifluorescence and confocal microscopy was used to visualize intravascular pillars, the hallmark structure of intussusceptive angiogenesis, in tumors. Human malignant melanoma metastases, patient-derived melanoma xenografts in mice (PDX), and genetically engineered v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF)-induced, phosphatase and TENsin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN)-deficient (BPT) mice (BrafCA/+Ptenf/fTyr-Cre+/0-mice) were analyzed for pillars. Gene expression in human melanoma metastases and PDXs was analyzed by RNA sequencing. Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) protein expression and T-cell and macrophage infiltration in tumor sections were determined with multiplex immunostaining. Intravascular pillars were detected in human metastases but rarely in PDXs and not in BPT mice. The expression of MMP9 mRNA was higher in human metastases compared with PDXs. High expression of MMP9 protein as well as infiltration of macrophages and T-cells were detected in proximity to intravascular pillars. MMP inhibition blocked formation of pillars, but not tubes or tip cells, in vitro. In conclusion, intussusceptive angiogenesis may contribute to the growth of human melanoma metastases. MMP inhibition blocked pillar formation in vitro and should be further investigated as a potential anti-angiogenic drug target in metastatic melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Pandita
- Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Matias Ekstrand
- Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sara Bjursten
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Zhiyuan Zhao
- Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Per Fogelstrand
- Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kristell Le Gal
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lars Ny
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Martin O Bergo
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Joakim Karlsson
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jonas A Nilsson
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Levent M Akyürek
- Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Malin C Levin
- Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jan Borén
- Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Andrew J Ewald
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Oncology, Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Program, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Keith E Mostov
- Departments of Anatomy and Biochemistry/Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Max Levin
- Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Bjursten S, Pandita A, Zhao Z, Fröjd C, Ny L, Jensen C, Ullerstam T, Jespersen H, Borén J, Levin M, Zetterberg H, Rudin A, Levin M. Early rise in brain damage markers and high ICOS expression in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells during checkpoint inhibitor-induced encephalomyelitis. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:jitc-2021-002732. [PMID: 34215689 PMCID: PMC8256743 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-002732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a case of rapid eradication of melanoma brain metastases and simultaneous near-fatal encephalomyelitis following double immune checkpoint blockade. Brain damage marker S-100B and C reactive protein increased before symptoms or signs of encephalomyelitis and peaked when the patient fell into a coma. At that point, additional brain damage markers and peripheral T cell phenotype was analyzed. The analyses were repeated four times during the patient’s recovery. Axonal damage marker neurofilament light polypeptide (NFL) and astrocytic damage marker glial fibrillar acidic protein (GFAP) were very high in blood and cerebrospinal fluid and gradually normalized after immunosuppression and intensive care. The costimulatory receptor inducible T cell costimulatory receptor (ICOS) was expressed on a high proportion of CD4+ and CD8+T cells as encephalomyelitis symptoms peaked and then gradually decreased in parallel with clinical improvement. Both single and double immune checkpoint inhibitor-treated melanoma patients with other serious immune-related adverse events (irAE) (n=9) also expressed ICOS on a significantly higher proportion of CD4+ and CD8+T cells compared with controls without irAE (n=12). In conclusion, our results suggest a potential role for ICOS on CD4+ and CD8+T cells in mediating encephalomyelitis and other serious irAE. In addition, brain damage markers in blood could facilitate early diagnosis of encephalitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Bjursten
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg Sahlgrenska Academy, Goteborg, Sweden.,Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Ankur Pandita
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg Sahlgrenska Academy, Goteborg, Sweden.,Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden.,Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg Sahlgrenska Academy, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Zhiyuan Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg Sahlgrenska Academy, Goteborg, Sweden.,Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Charlotta Fröjd
- Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Lars Ny
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg Sahlgrenska Academy, Goteborg, Sweden.,Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Christer Jensen
- Department of Neuroradiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Tobias Ullerstam
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Jespersen
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg Sahlgrenska Academy, Goteborg, Sweden.,Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden.,Department of Oncology, Akershus University Hospital, Lorenskog, Norway
| | - Jan Borén
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg Sahlgrenska Academy, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Malin Levin
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg Sahlgrenska Academy, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, University of Gothenburg Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Goteborg, Sweden.,Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden.,Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK.,UK Dementia Research Institute, UCL, London, UK
| | - Anna Rudin
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg Sahlgrenska Academy, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Max Levin
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg Sahlgrenska Academy, Goteborg, Sweden .,Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden.,Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg Sahlgrenska Academy, Goteborg, Sweden
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Bjursten S, Vannas C, Filges S, Puls F, Pandita A, Fagman H, Ståhlberg A, Levin M. Response to BRAF/MEK Inhibition in A598_T599insV BRAF Mutated Melanoma. Case Rep Oncol 2019; 12:872-879. [PMID: 31824282 DOI: 10.1159/000504291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 50% of patients with metastatic melanoma harbor an activating BRAF mutation. Tumors with activating mutation BRAF gene proliferate excessively and can be treated with targeted BRAF-inhibitors in combination with MEK inhibitors. The most common BRAF mutation occurs at amino acid position 600. Other BRAF mutations are rare and their predictive value for treatment response to BRAF/MEK inhibition is low. Here, we report on a patient with a BRAF A598_T599insV mutated melanoma, a mutation that has only been described in one previous melanoma patient in which the treatment response to BRAF/MEK inhibition was transient. Our patient had a large ulcerated metastasis that showed a durable complete response implying that BRAF/MEK inhibition should be considered a treatment option for this mutation. We analyzed circulating cell-free tumor DNA (ctDNA) carrying the BRAF A598_T599insV mutation throughout treatment. The allele frequency of BRAF A598_T599insV decreased during regression of the tumors, indicating that this method has potential to monitor treatment response. Our case demonstrates durable response to BRAF/MEK inhibition in a melanoma patient carrying a BRAF A598_T599insV mutation. In addition, we show that allele frequency analysis of A598_T599insV mutation in blood using ultrasensitive sequencing can be used to monitor treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Bjursten
- Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christoffer Vannas
- Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Stefan Filges
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Florian Puls
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ankur Pandita
- Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Fagman
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anders Ståhlberg
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Max Levin
- Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Yu W, Pandita A, Penuel E, Raja R, Zha J, Mohan S, Patel RD, Desai R, Fu L, Do A, Mango J, Parab V, Lipkind M, Huang J, Lazarov M, Ramakrishnan V, Amler LC, Peterson AC, Patel PH, Yauch RL. Exploratory biomarker analyses from OAM4558g: A placebo-controlled phase II study of erlotinib with or without MetMAb in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.7529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Spigel DR, Ervin TJ, Ramlau R, Daniel DB, Goldschmidt JH, Blumenschein GR, Krzakowski MJ, Robinet G, Clement-Duchene C, Barlesi F, Govindan R, Patel T, Orlov SV, Wertheim MS, Zha J, Pandita A, Yu W, Yauch RL, Patel PH, Peterson AC. Final efficacy results from OAM4558g, a randomized phase II study evaluating MetMAb or placebo in combination with erlotinib in advanced NSCLC. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.7505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Pandita A, Bayani J, Paderova J, Marrano P, Graham C, Barrett M, Prasad M, Zielenska M, Squire J. Integrated Cytogenetic and High-Resolution Array CGH Analysis of Genomic Alterations Associated with MYCN Amplification. Cytogenet Genome Res 2011; 134:27-39. [DOI: 10.1159/000324698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/03/2010] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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Ilhan A, Wagner L, Maj M, Woehrer A, Czech T, Heinzl H, Marosi C, Base W, Preusser M, Jeuken JW, Navis AC, Sijben A, Boots-Sprenger SH, Bleeker FE, Gijtenbeek JM, Wesseling P, Seyed Sadr E, Tessier A, Seyed Sadr M, Alshami J, Anan M, Sabau C, Del Maestro R, Agnihotri S, Gajadhar A, Wolf A, Mischel PM, Hawkins C, Guha A, Guan X, Chance MR, Barnholtz-Sloan JS, Larson JD, Rodriguez FJ, Demer AM, Sarver AL, Dubac A, Jenkins RB, Dupuy AJ, Copeland NG, Jenkins NA, Taylor MD, Largaespada DA, Lusis EA, Stuart JE, Scheck AC, Coons SW, Lal A, Perry A, Gutmann DH, Barnholtz-Sloan JS, Adams MD, Cohen M, Devine K, Wolinsky Y, Bambakidis N, Selman W, Miller R, Sloan AE, Suchorska B, Mehrkens JH, Eigenbrod S, Eroes CA, Tonn JC, Kretzschmar HA, Kreth FW, Buczkowicz P, Bartels U, Morrison A, Zarghooni M, Bouffet E, Hawkins C, Kollmeyer TM, Wrensch M, Decker PA, Xiao Y, Rynearson AL, Fink S, Kosel ML, Johnson DR, Lachance DH, Yang P, Fridley BL, Wiemels J, Wiencke J, Jenkins RB, Zhou YH, Hess KR, Yu L, Raj VR, Liu L, Alfred Yung WK, Hutchins LF, Linskey ME, Roldan G, Kachra R, McIntyre JB, Magliocco A, Easaw J, Hamilton M, Northcott PA, Van Meter T, Eberhart C, Weiss W, Rutka JT, Gupta N, Korshunov A, French P, Kros J, Michiels E, Kloosterhof N, Hauser P, Montange MF, Jouvet A, Bouffet E, Jung S, Kim SK, Wang KC, Cho BK, Di Rocco C, Massimi L, Leonard J, Scheurlen W, Pfister S, Robinson S, Yang SH, Yoo JY, Cho DG, Kim HK, Kim SW, Lee SW, Fink S, Kollmeyer T, Rynearson A, Decker P, Sicotte H, Yang P, Jenkins R, Lai A, Kharbanda S, Tran A, Pope W, Solis O, Peale F, Forrest W, Purjara K, Carrillo J, Pandita A, Ellingson B, Bowers C, Soriano R, Mohan S, Yong W, Aldape K, Mischel P, Liau L, Nghiemphu P, James CD, Prados M, Westphal M, Lamszus K, Cloughesy T, Phillips H, Thon N, Kreth S, Eigenbrod S, Lutz J, Ledderose C, Tonn JC, Kretzschmar H, Kreth FW, Mokhtari K, Ducray F, Kros JM, Gorlia T, Idbaih A, Marie Y, Taphoorn M, Wesseling P, Brandes AA, Hoang-Xuan K, Delattre JY, Van den Bent M, Sanson M, Lavon I, Shahar T, Granit A, Smith Y, Nossek E, Siegal T, Ram Z, Marko NF, Quackenbush J, Weil RJ, Ducray F, Criniere E, Idbaih A, Paris S, Marie Y, Carpentier C, Houillier C, Dieme M, Adam C, Hoang-Xuan K, Delattre JY, Duyckaerts C, Sanson M, Mokhtari K, Zinn PO, Kozono D, Kasper EM, Warnke PC, Chin L, Chen CC, Saito K, Mukasa A, Saito N, Stieber D, Lenkiewicz E, Evers L, Vallar L, Bjerkvig R, Barrett M, Niclou SP, Gorlia T, Brandes A, Stupp R, Rampling R, Fumoleau P, Dittrich C, Campone M, Twelves C, Raymond E, Lacombe D, van den Bent MJ, Potter N, Ashmore S, Karakoula K, Ward S, Suarez-Merino B, Luxsuwong M, Thomas DG, Darling J, Warr T, Gutman DA, Cooper L, Kong J, Chisolm C, Van Meir EG, Saltz JH, Moreno CS, Brat DJ, Brennan CW, Brat DJ, Aldape KD, Cohen M, Lehman NL, McLendon RE, Miller R, Schniederjan M, Vandenberg SR, Weaver K, Phillips S, Pierce L, Christensen B, Smith A, Zheng S, Koestler D, Houseman EA, Marsit CJ, Wiemels JL, Nelson HH, Karagas MR, Wrensch MR, Kelsey KT, Wiencke JK, Al-Nedawi K, Meehan B, Micallef J, Guha A, Rak J. -Omics and Prognostic Markers. Neuro Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noq116.s8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Mistry YN, Mafi D, Pandita A, Alkadhi A. PR36P�MERKEL CELL CARCINOMA IN WAIKATO HOSPITAL, NEW ZEALAND. ANZ J Surg 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-2197.2009.04927_36.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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Zielenska M, Bayani J, Pandita A, Toledo S, Marrano P, Andrade J, Petrilli A, Thorner P, Sorensen P, Squire JA. Comparative genomic hybridization analysis identifies gains of 1p35 approximately p36 and chromosome 19 in osteosarcoma. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 2001; 130:14-21. [PMID: 11672768 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-4608(01)00461-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcomas (OS) are aggressive tumors of the bone and often have a poor prognosis. Conventional cytogenetic analyses of OS have revealed highly complex karyotypes, with numerous abnormalities. In this study, we analyzed 18 untreated OS tumors from 17 patients of the younger incidence age group by comparative genomic hybridization (CGH), 4 tumors by spectral karyotyping (SKY) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Comparative genomic hybridization identified frequent copy number changes of the chromosomal region 1p (10/17) and gain of part or all of chromosome 19(8/17). In addition gains were observed at 5p(3/17), 8q(3/17), 16p(3/17), and 17p(5/17); and losses at chromosomes 2q(3/17), 10(4/17) and 13(3/17). High level gains were detected in the 8q23 approximately q24 region in two tumors as well as at 17p in one primary and a metastatic tumor. Minimal regions of gain were present at 1p35 approximately p36.3 (8/17); 5p14 approximately p15.2 (3/17), and 8q22 approximately q24.3 (3/17). SKY analysis demonstrated that OS has a complex pattern of clonal and non-clonal rearrangements and helped confirm the structural basis for the imbalances detected by CGH. Spectral karyotyping confirmed an overall pattern of chromosomal gain affecting 1p in all four tumors. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis from these tumors confirmed the gain of the 1p36 region in 2 tumors as determined by CGH analysis as well as the amplification of 8q.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zielenska
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Shridhar V, Lee J, Pandita A, Iturria S, Avula R, Staub J, Morrissey M, Calhoun E, Sen A, Kalli K, Keeney G, Roche P, Cliby W, Lu K, Schmandt R, Mills GB, Bast RC, James CD, Couch FJ, Hartmann LC, Lillie J, Smith DI. Genetic analysis of early- versus late-stage ovarian tumors. Cancer Res 2001; 61:5895-904. [PMID: 11479231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
In the United States, ovarian cancer is the fourth most common cause of cancer-related deaths among women. The most important prognostic factor for this cancer is tumor stage, or extent of disease at diagnosis. Although women with low-stage tumors have a relatively good prognosis, most women diagnosed with late-stage disease eventually succumb to their cancer. In an attempt to understand early events in ovarian carcinogenesis, and to explore steps in its progression, we have applied multiple molecular genetic techniques to the analysis of 21 early-stage (stage I/II) and 17 advanced-stage (stage III/IV) ovarian tumors. These techniques included expression profiling with cDNA microarrays containing approximately 18,000 expressed sequences, and comparative genomic hybridization to address the chromosomal locations of copy number gains as well as losses. Results from the analysis indicate that early-stage ovarian cancers exhibit profound alterations in gene expression, many of which are similar to those identified in late-stage tumors. However, differences observed at the genomic level suggest differences between the early- and late-stage tumors and provide support for a progression model for ovarian cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Shridhar
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Division of Laboratory Medicine, The Mayo Clinic and Foundation, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA
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14
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Pandita A, Zielenska M, Thorner P, Bayani J, Godbout R, Greenberg M, Squire JA. Application of comparative genomic hybridization, spectral karyotyping, and microarray analysis in the identification of subtype-specific patterns of genomic changes in rhabdomyosarcoma. Neoplasia 1999; 1:262-75. [PMID: 10935481 PMCID: PMC1508078 DOI: 10.1038/sj.neo.7900036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/1999] [Accepted: 06/11/1999] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) in children occurs predominantly as two major histologically defined subtypes called embryonal RMS (RMS-E) and the prognostically less favorable alveolar RMS (RMS-A). Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) was performed on 21 RMS and identified consistent gains affecting chromosomes 2 (8/10), 5 (5/10), 6 (3/10), 7 (7/10), 8 (9/10), 11 (6/ 10), and 12 (5/10) in RMS-E. Losses/deletions involved chromosomes 19 (2/10) and chromosomes 4, 9, 10, 17, 21 (1/10 each). High copy number amplification, involving the 2p24 region (5/11) and less frequently, the 12q13-21 (2/11), 9p22 (1/11), and 17q22-25 (1/11) regions, was detected in RMS-A. Gene amplification at band 2p24 was present in 6/12 alveolar tumors, and in each case, MYCN was amplified, together with the distally placed DDX1 gene. For these patients there was a shorter disease free interval and a higher mortality than patients with tumors without amplification. Detailed spectral karyotype analysis (SKY) was performed on two RMS cell lines (one of each subtype) and identified a surprisingly high level of structural change. Gene expression studies with the Atlas Human Cancer Array (588 genes) showed that 153 genes generated a signal of similar intensity in both cell lines, and 45 genes appeared to have subtype-specific expression. The chromosomal location of differentially expressed genes was compared to the pattern of genomic alteration in RMS as determined by CGH in this study and the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pandita
- Department of Medical Biophysics and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Pandita A, Godbout R, Zielenska M, Thorner P, Bayani J, Squire JA. Relational mapping of MYCN and DDXI in band 2p24 and analysis of amplicon arrays in double minute chromosomes and homogeneously staining regions by use of free chromatin FISH. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 1997; 20:243-52. [PMID: 9365831 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1098-2264(199711)20:3<243::aid-gcc4>3.0.co;2-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
MYCN amplification has been observed in diverse neuronal tumors including neuroblastoma, retinoblastoma, and small cell carcinoma of the lung, and has been correlated with a poor prognosis in advanced-stage neuroblastomas. Recent studies have shown a co-amplification of DDXI, a DEAD box gene, and MYCN in retinoblastoma and neuroblastoma. DDXI has been mapped to within a megabase of the MYCN gene in band 2p24. In the present study, the relational map of DDXI and MYCN by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) mapping to metaphase cells and extended free chromatin fibers indicated that DDXI is telomeric to MYCN. Dual-color FISH analysis of amplicons within arrays of extended chromatin fibers was performed to examine the physical relationship of MYCN and DDXI within double minute chromosomes (dmins) and homogeneously staining regions (hsrs). No regular reiterated amplicon repeat unit was present in the hsrs, but detailed analysis of the configurations of DDXI and MYCN within each array indicated that multiple rearrangements generated a complex hsr amplicon structure. Similarly, analysis of a cell line bearing dmins showed that a composite amplicon structure involving deletions and/or duplications of MYCN and DDXI is a feature of dmin formation. These data are consistent with a molecular mechanism involving many rearrangements during the evolution of gene amplification, resulting in complex amplicon structures with distinct changes in relative gene copy number and considerable variation in intragenic distances between coamplified genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pandita
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Hannigan GE, Bayani J, Weksberg R, Beatty B, Pandita A, Dedhar S, Squire J. Mapping of the gene encoding the integrin-linked kinase, ILK, to human chromosome 11p15.5-p15.4. Genomics 1997; 42:177-9. [PMID: 9177792 DOI: 10.1006/geno.1997.4719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We have recently reported the identification and cloning of the gene encoding p59ILK, a novel protein ser/thr kinase that is found in physiologic complexes with beta integrin subunits. ILK is a potential protoonocogene that appears to function in mediating signal transduction by beta 1 family integrins. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis of metaphase and decondensed free chromatin fibers localized ILK to 11p15.5-p15.4. This position was also confirmed by relational mapping using well-characterized translocations with breakpoints in chromosome band 11p15. Our results indicate that ILK maps between HBBC and CALC loci, in the 11p15.5-p15.4 band interval. This location may be important in evaluating the potential role of p59ILK in tumorigenesis since it has been shown that this region is associated with both genomic imprinting and loss of heterozygosity in certain types of tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- G E Hannigan
- Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.
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Godbout R, Pandita A, Beatty B, Bie W, Squire JA. Comparative genomic hybridization analysis of Y79 and FISH mapping indicate the amplified human mitochondrial ATP synthase alpha-subunit gene (ATP5A) maps to chromosome 18q12-->q21. Cytogenet Cell Genet 1997; 77:253-6. [PMID: 9284928 DOI: 10.1159/000134588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The four mitochondrial ATP synthase alpha-subunit (ATP5A) genes map to chromosomes 2, 9, 16, and 18. In this study we have refined the localization of two of these genes by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to metaphase spreads, and further characterised the involvement of ATP5A in the amplification process in the retinoblastoma cell line Y79. Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) analysis of Y79 indicated that gene amplification was present on both the short arm of chromosome 2 and the long arm of chromosome 18. FISH indicated that the functional ATP5A gene mapped to 18q12-->q21, the same band location identified by CGH analysis of Y79. An ATP5A pseudogene (ATP5AP1) maps to 9p12. Gains in chromosomal material at 18q12-->q21 likely involve hybridization to amplified copies of the ATP5A gene while gains at 2p24 represent hybridization to the MYCN and DDX1 genes, also amplified in Y79.
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MESH Headings
- Cell Line
- Chromosome Mapping
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18/ultrastructure
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9/ultrastructure
- Gene Amplification
- Genome, Human
- Humans
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
- Mitochondria/enzymology
- Mitochondria/genetics
- Protein Conformation
- Proton-Translocating ATPases/chemistry
- Proton-Translocating ATPases/genetics
- Pseudogenes
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Affiliation(s)
- R Godbout
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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Bayani J, Thorner P, Zielenska M, Pandita A, Beatty B, Squire JA. Application of a simplified comparative genomic hybridization technique to screen for gene amplification in pediatric solid tumors. Pediatr Pathol Lab Med 1995; 15:831-44. [PMID: 8705194 DOI: 10.3109/15513819509027020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Conventional cytogenetic analysis of solid tumors is technically very demanding and requires a large number of viable cells. The technique of comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) circumvents these difficulties and has been shown to be particularly useful for identifying new gene amplifications. We have simplified the CGH technique for the detection of amplifications by utilizing a single labeling approach in which labeled tumor DNA is mixed with unlabeled normal human DNA and hybridized to normal metaphases on a slide. To examine the consistency and sensitivity of the method, initial experiments were performed using a retinoblastoma (RB) cell line and five pediatric solid tumors known to contain an amplification. The technique was easy to use and sensitive enough to detect low-level amplifications. The RB cell line showed reproducible signals at 2p24, indicative of amplified sequences, on both homologues in 95% of the metaphases (> 30) examined. Amplifications of the MYCN gene (2p24) were detected in three alveolar rhabdomyosarcomas and one medulloblastoma. CGH was then applied to six tumors in a prospective fashion, before data about specific gene amplification were available. In two, amplification of the MDM2 gene (12q13-14) was identified using CGH and later confirmed by Southern blot analysis. Four tumors negative for MDM2 and MYCN amplifications by CGH analysis were also negative by Southern blot analysis. Gene amplification as low as fourfold was detected in one tumor and the overall pattern of gene amplification detected by CGH in these tumors was not complex, involving just one amplification site for each case. Therefore, this simplified CGH technique is suitable for routine screening of pediatric solid tumors for amplifications when genetic studies are important but sample sizes are small and dividing cells are infrequent or unavailable.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Bayani
- Department of Pathology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Abstract
Candidiasis was experimentally produced in young Japanese quail by oral administration of Candida albicans cells. Lesions were confined to upper digestive tract with most characteristic changes occurring on the mucosa of crop. No lesions were observed in other tissues of the body. The initial changes in the crop were characterized by thickening and yellowish-white necrotic plaques on the mucosa. From 10th day onwards, there was marked thickening and corrugations of the crop mucosa giving it a typical 'turkish towel' appearance. Varying degree of mucosal swelling was also observed in the oesophagus and proventriculus. Two of the infected birds also revealed yellowish-white necrotic plaques on the tongue at 7th and 10th day post-infection. The prominent microscopic lesions in the crop and tongue consisted of hyperkeratosis and parakeratosis with congestion of the subepithelial tissues. Varying degree of parakeratosis and epithelial hyperplasia coupled with subepithelial oedema and hypertrophy of glands was observed in the oesophagus. The proventriculus and small intestine revealed congestion, oedema, mild to marked goblet cell hyperplasia and focal epithelial sloughing. Fungal elements could be demonstrated in the sections of tongue up to 10 days while in crop up to 14 days post-infection. Reisolation of the fungus was consistently achieved from the crop of infected birds throughout the duration of the experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Asrani
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India
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Abstract
Feeding of aflatoxin B1 at the rate of 0.5 ppm to young Japanese quail resulted in significant (p less than 0.01) decrease in body weight gain that became apparent on the third week. There was no significant difference in the mean values of haemoglobin, packed cell volume and total erythrocyte counts of quail chicks given aflatoxin B1 in feed in comparison to those fed on a similar diet without aflatoxin. However, the total leucocyte count revealed an increase on the third week which was due to an increase in the percentage of heterophils and decrease in lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Sadana
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India
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Pandita A, Sadana JR, Asrani RK. Studies on clinical signs and haematological alterations in pneumonic aspergillosis due to Aspergillus flavus in Japanese quail. Mycopathologia 1991; 116:119-23. [PMID: 1779994 DOI: 10.1007/bf00436374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Intratracheal inoculation of 2-week old quail chicks with Aspergillus flavus spores resulted in the development of clinical signs within 24 h of infection. These were characterized by dullness, depression, anorexia, accelerated breathing, gasping and prostration leading to death. These signs continued up to 7 days followed by considerable decrease in the intensity of the symptoms as well as number of birds showing clinical signs. Mortality occurred primarily in the first week with a majority of the birds dying from 2-4 days after infection. The overall mortality during a 6-week observation period was 25%. The average body weight of the infected chicks was slightly lower than that of controls; the difference being significant at 2, 3 and 42 days post-infection. There was no appreciable difference in the mean values of haemoglobin, packed cell volume and total erythrocyte count between the infected and control chicks at any stage of infection, but total leucocyte count revealed a significant increase (p less than 0.05) from 3-7 days post-infection. This was due to increase in the percentage of heterophils and decrease in lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pandita
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India
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