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Goon A, Kundu C, Ganguly P. Development of a Modified QuEChERS Method Coupled with LC-MS/MS for Determination of Spinetoram Residue in Soybean ( Glycine max) and Cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum). J Xenobiot 2022; 13:2-15. [PMID: 36648838 PMCID: PMC9844290 DOI: 10.3390/jox13010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
An analytical method for the quantitative determination of the insecticide spinetoram in cotton and soybean was established and validated using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Spinetoram is the mixture of two spinosyns, 3′-O-ethyl-5,6-dihydro spinosyn J and 3′-O-ethyl spinosyn L. The method involves extraction with ethyl acetate followed by dispersive solid phase extraction (dSPE) clean-up with primary secondary amine (PSA), C18 and graphitised carbon black (GCB). The final quantitation of spinetoram was done by using LC-MS/MS with positive electrospray ionization. The method was reproducible (Horwitz ratio (HorRat) < 0.5 at 25 ng g−1) and validated by the analysis of samples spiked at 25, 50 and 100 ng g−1 in soybean, cotton and soil. The recoveries of spinosyns were found to be more than 85% when spiked at different levels. The identities of spinosyns were confirmed by using the ion ratio. A field dissipation study was conducted in soybean and cotton to find out the environmental fate of spinetoram, and samples were analysed following the proposed analytical method. Both isomers were found to be dissipated quickly. The pre-harvest interval of spinetoram was calculated in different substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Goon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Nadia 741235, India
- Department of Agricultural Chemicals, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Chiranjit Kundu
- Department of Agricultural Chemicals, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Pritam Ganguly
- Department of Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry, Bihar Agricultural University, Bhagalpur 813210, India
- Correspondence:
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Dhanshetty M, Shinde R, Goon A, Oulkar D, Elliott CT, Banerjee K. Analysis of aflatoxins and ochratoxin a in chilli powder using ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection and tandem mass spectrometry. Mycotoxin Res 2022; 38:193-203. [PMID: 35834161 DOI: 10.1007/s12550-022-00460-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Chilli powder, a popular spice, is predominantly contaminated with aflatoxins (AFs) and ochratoxin A (OTA), posing a menace to public health. As no validated method exists for the simultaneous and direct analysis of AFs and OTA in chilli powder, it was imperative to develop one to ensure their effective monitoring and promote trade. In this research, we developed and validated a multi-mycotoxin analysis method that allows the simultaneous determination of AFs (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2) and OTA in chilli powder with high sensitivity, accuracy and precision. The optimised sample preparation workflow started with the extraction of chilli powder (25 g) with methanol-water (100 mL, 80:20). An aliquot (3 mL) was cleaned on a multi-mycotoxin, immunoaffinity column (AFLAOCHRA PREP®) and analysed using ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence (UHPLC-FLD) and tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) detection in a single chromatographic run. The method performance was evaluated through intra- and inter-laboratory validation (ILV) studies, and also by analysing a certified reference material. A direct analysis using UHPLC-FLD (without derivatisation) provided the limits of quantification (LOQ) of 0.25 and 1 ng/g for AFs and OTA, respectively, while the LOQ for all these mycotoxins in LC-MS/MS was 0.5 ng/g. These LOQs are much lower than the maximum levels (MLs) specified by the European Commission. The recoveries of these analytes at LOQ and higher levels were above 75% (RSDr < 12%). The ILV study demonstrated satisfactory method-reproducibility (RSDR < 25%). The analysis of the certified reference material provided accuracies of AFs and OTA in the range of 83-101%. The analysis by UHPLC-FLD and LC-MS/MS provided very similar results. The incurred levels of B1 in market samples were estimated with a precision-RSD of < 6%. Considering its efficiency and alignment with the regulatory requirements, this method can be implemented for the routine analysis of AFs and OTA in chilli powder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Dhanshetty
- P.O. Manjri Farm, National Reference Laboratory, ICAR-National Research Centre for Grapes, Pune, 412307, India
| | - Raviraj Shinde
- P.O. Manjri Farm, National Reference Laboratory, ICAR-National Research Centre for Grapes, Pune, 412307, India
| | - Arnab Goon
- P.O. Manjri Farm, National Reference Laboratory, ICAR-National Research Centre for Grapes, Pune, 412307, India
| | - Dasharath Oulkar
- P.O. Manjri Farm, National Reference Laboratory, ICAR-National Research Centre for Grapes, Pune, 412307, India
| | - Christopher T Elliott
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Kaushik Banerjee
- P.O. Manjri Farm, National Reference Laboratory, ICAR-National Research Centre for Grapes, Pune, 412307, India.
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Patra S, Ganguly P, Barik SR, Goon A, Mandal J, Samanta A, Bhattacharyya A. Persistence behaviour and safety risk evaluation of pyridalyl in tomato and cabbage. Food Chem 2019; 309:125711. [PMID: 31699561 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A field experiment was set up to evaluate persistence behaviour of pyridalyl in tomato, cabbage and cultivated field soil over two consecutive seasons. An analytical method was developed to analyze pyridalyl residues in different matrices and duly validated, based on single laboratory method validation criteria. Pyridalyl residues were detected and quantified using a gas chromatograph equipped with an electron capture detector. The compound exhibited low persistence in tomato, cabbage and soil. A safe waiting period of 17-18 d after final insecticide application needs to be maintained before harvesting the crop. Both dietary and soil ecological risk were assessed and it was found that the harvested vegetables were toxicologically safe for consumption. However, there was concern about insecticidal toxicity against the algal population of soil which needs to be reconfirmed by further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandip Patra
- Division of Crop Protection, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam, Meghalaya, India
| | - Pritam Ganguly
- Department of Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India.
| | - Suhrid Ranjan Barik
- Department of Agricultural Chemicals, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Arnab Goon
- Department of Agricultural Chemicals, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Jajati Mandal
- Department of Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India
| | - Arunava Samanta
- Department of Agricultural Entomology, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Anjan Bhattacharyya
- Department of Agricultural Chemicals, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal, India
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Paul A, Banerjee K, Goon A, Saha S. Chemo-profiling of anthocyanins and fatty acids present in pomegranate aril and seed grown in Indian condition and its bioaccessibility study. J Food Sci Technol 2018; 55:2488-2496. [PMID: 30042564 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-018-3166-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The goal of the present study was to investigate the bioactive molecules (anthocyanins and fatty acids) present in the aril of pomegranate. Major anthocyanins present in the aril of pomegranate were identified by HRMS as delphinidin 3,5-diglucoside, cyanidin 3,5-diglucoside, pelargonidin 3,5-diglucoside, cyanidin 3-glucoside and delphinidin 3-glucoside. In-vitro study revealed that bioaccessibility of anthocyanin in duodenal condition was varied between 7.3 and 9.7%. Encapsulation enhances the bioaccessibility of both the phenolics to some extent in gastric as well as duodenal condition. Seed oil contains significant amount of unsaturated fatty acids especially ω-5 fatty acids. Geometrical isomers of ω-5 fatty acids were also identified by GC-MS. The spray dried anthocyanin formulation has potential for food application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anindita Paul
- 1Division of Agricultural Chemicals, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012 India
| | - Kaushik Banerjee
- National Referral Laboratory, ICAR-National Research Center for Grapes, Pune, Maharashtra 412 307 India
| | - Arnab Goon
- National Referral Laboratory, ICAR-National Research Center for Grapes, Pune, Maharashtra 412 307 India
| | - Supradip Saha
- 1Division of Agricultural Chemicals, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012 India
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Oulkar D, Goon A, Dhanshetty M, Khan Z, Satav S, Banerjee K. High-sensitivity direct analysis of aflatoxins in peanuts and cereal matrices by ultra-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection involving a large volume flow cell. J Environ Sci Health B 2018; 53:255-260. [PMID: 29278977 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2017.1410416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports a sensitive and cost effective method of analysis for aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2. The sample preparation method was primarily optimised in peanuts, followed by its validation in a range of peanut-processed products and cereal (rice, corn, millets) matrices. Peanut slurry [12.5 g peanut + 12.5 mL water] was extracted with methanol: water (8:2, 100 mL), cleaned through an immunoaffinity column and thereafter measured directly by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence (UPLC-FLD) detection, within a chromatographic runtime of 5 minutes. The use of a large volume flow cell in the FLD nullified the requirement of any post-column derivatisation and provided the lowest ever reported limits of quantification of 0.025 for B1 and G1 and 0.01 μg/kg for B2 and G2. The single laboratory validation of the method provided acceptable selectivity, linearity, recovery and precision for reliable quantifications in all the test matrices as well as demonstrated compliance with the EC 401/2006 guidelines for analytical quality control of aflatoxins in foodstuffs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dasharath Oulkar
- a National Referral Laboratory , ICAR-National Research Centre for Grapes, Manjri Farm , Pune , Maharashtra , India
| | - Arnab Goon
- a National Referral Laboratory , ICAR-National Research Centre for Grapes, Manjri Farm , Pune , Maharashtra , India
| | - Manisha Dhanshetty
- a National Referral Laboratory , ICAR-National Research Centre for Grapes, Manjri Farm , Pune , Maharashtra , India
| | - Zareen Khan
- a National Referral Laboratory , ICAR-National Research Centre for Grapes, Manjri Farm , Pune , Maharashtra , India
| | - Sagar Satav
- a National Referral Laboratory , ICAR-National Research Centre for Grapes, Manjri Farm , Pune , Maharashtra , India
| | - Kaushik Banerjee
- a National Referral Laboratory , ICAR-National Research Centre for Grapes, Manjri Farm , Pune , Maharashtra , India
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Barik SR, Ganguly P, Patra S, Dutta SK, Goon A, Bhattacharyya A. Persistence behavior of metamifop and its metabolite in rice ecosystem. Chemosphere 2018; 193:875-882. [PMID: 29874762 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.11.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted to determine the persistence of metamifop in transplanted rice crop for two seasons. Metamifop 10% EC was applied at two doses: 100 g a.i. ha-1 and 200 g a.i. ha-1 at 2-3 leaf stage of Echinochloa crusgalli. The residues of metamifop along with its major metabolite, N-(2-fluorophenyl)-2-hydroxy-N-methylpropionamide (HFMPA), were estimated in rice plant, field water and soil using Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry. Limit of detection and limit of quantification of the method for both the compounds were set at 0.003 μg g-1 and 0.010 μg g-1 respectively. Metamifop showed less persistence in field water and rice plant as compared to soil samples. Presence of HFMPA was recorded in rice plant and soil. Both the compounds were found below level of quantification in harvest samples of straw, grains, husk and soil. A safe waiting period of 52 d was suggested for harvesting of rice when metamifop was applied at 100 g a.i. ha-1 (recommended dose).
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhrid Ranjan Barik
- Department of Agricultural Chemicals, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Pritam Ganguly
- Department of Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India
| | - Sandip Patra
- Division of Crop Protection, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Shillong, Meghalaya, India.
| | - Swaraj Kumar Dutta
- Department of Agronomy, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India
| | - Arnab Goon
- Department of Agricultural Chemicals, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Anjan Bhattacharyya
- Department of Agricultural Chemicals, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal, India
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Goon A, Khan Z, Oulkar D, Shinde R, Gaikwad S, Banerjee K. A simultaneous screening and quantitative method for the multiresidue analysis of pesticides in spices using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-high resolution (Orbitrap) mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1532:105-111. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.11.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Revised: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Oulkar DP, Hingmire S, Goon A, Jadhav M, Ugare B, Thekkumpurath AS, Banerjee K. Optimization and Validation of a Residue Analysis Method for Glyphosate, Glufosinate, and Their Metabolites in Plant Matrixes by Liquid Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry. J AOAC Int 2017; 100:631-639. [PMID: 28300023 DOI: 10.5740/jaoacint.17-0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A sensitive and accurate LC with tandem MS (MS/MS)-based method was developed and validated for the analysis of the herbicide glyphosate, its metabolite aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), and glufosinate after derivatization with 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate (FMOC-Cl) in various plant matrixes. The method also covers direct analysis of the glufosinate metabolites 3-methylphosphinicopropionic acid (3-MPPA) and N-acetyl-glufosinate (NAG). The homogenized samples were extracted with 0.1% formic acid in water-dichloromethane (50 + 50). The aqueous layer was derivatized with FMOC-Cl, cleaned through an HLB SPE cartridge, and determined by LC-MS/MS. The sample size, extraction solvent, sample-to-solvent ratio, derivatization conditions, and cleanup procedure were thoroughly optimized, the LOQs of glyphosate, glufosinate, and AMPA were 0.5 ng/g in grape, corn (leaf and seed), and cotton (leaf, seed, and oil) and 2 ng/g in soybean and tea. The LOQs of NAG and 3-MPPA were 50 ng/g in all the test matrixes, except tea and soybean, for which the LOQ was 100 ng/g. In all cases, average recoveries were >80%. The method successfully performed the estimation of glyphosate in incurred corn and cotton leaf samples collected from supervised field trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dasharath P Oulkar
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, National Research Centre for Grapes, National Referral Laboratory, PO Manjri Farm, Pune 412 307, India
| | - Sandip Hingmire
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, National Research Centre for Grapes, National Referral Laboratory, PO Manjri Farm, Pune 412 307, India
| | - Arnab Goon
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, National Research Centre for Grapes, National Referral Laboratory, PO Manjri Farm, Pune 412 307, India
| | - Manjusha Jadhav
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, National Research Centre for Grapes, National Referral Laboratory, PO Manjri Farm, Pune 412 307, India
| | - Bharat Ugare
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, National Research Centre for Grapes, National Referral Laboratory, PO Manjri Farm, Pune 412 307, India
| | - Ahammed Shabeer Thekkumpurath
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, National Research Centre for Grapes, National Referral Laboratory, PO Manjri Farm, Pune 412 307, India
| | - Kaushik Banerjee
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, National Research Centre for Grapes, National Referral Laboratory, PO Manjri Farm, Pune 412 307, India
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Dutta MK, Sengar N, Minhas N, Sarkar B, Goon A, Banerjee K. Image processing based classification of grapes after pesticide exposure. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2016.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Kundu C, Goon A, Bhattacharyya A. Persistence behaviour of fungicide tebuconazole in a viticulture application. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2014; 92:415-419. [PMID: 24522828 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-014-1223-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2013] [Accepted: 02/01/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Dissipation pattern and risk assessment of tebuconazole in grapes was studied following two application rates (250 and 500 mL ha(-1)) under tropical humid climatic condition of West Bengal during 2009-2010. Residues of tebuconazole were confirmed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The average recoveries were found 87.53 % and 89.67 % for grapes and cropped soil respectively. Following the first order kinetics the fungicide dissipates in grapes with a half-life (T1/2) value ranges between 2.62 and 2.86 days irrespective of seasons and doses. No residues of tebuconazole were detected in harvest grapes and soil samples which refers that, tebuconazole does not possess any background contamination property in grapes. So it may be concluded from the study that tebuconazole does not possess any toxicological property when applied at the recommended dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiranjit Kundu
- Pesticide Residue Laboratory, Department of Agricultural Chemicals, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, 741252, West Bengal, India
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Kundu C, Goon A, Bhattacharyya A. Persistence behaviour of fungicide mixture (benalaxyl-M 4% + mancozeb 65%) WP in grapes. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2012; 89:1253-1257. [PMID: 23052585 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-012-0847-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Accepted: 09/24/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Benalaxyl-M [methyl N-phenylacetyl-N-2, 6-xylyl-DL-alaninate] is a newly introduced phenyl-amide fungicide whereas Mancozeb is one of the member of ethylenebisdiothiocarbamate (EBDC) fungicide. Benalaxyl-M in combination with Mancozeb effectively controls downy mildew of grapes. A two season field trial was conducted under West Bengal climatic condition during 2009-2010 to evaluate the dissipation pattern of fungicide mixture (Benalaxyl-M 4 % + Mancozeb 65 %) WP in grapes at two application rates (2,750 g and 5,500 g ha(-1)). The quantitative analysis was performed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and UV-Vis spectrophotometer for Benalaxyl-M and Mancozeb residues respectively. Following the first order kinetics the fungicide Benalaxyl-M dissipates in grapes with half-life (T(1/2)) value ranges between 2.59 and 2.79 days irrespective of seasons and doses. The dissipation pattern of Mancozeb also follows first order kinetics with half-life (T(1/2)) value ranges between 3.86 and 4.93 days irrespective of seasons and doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiranjit Kundu
- Pesticide Residue Laboratory, Department of Agricultural Chemicals, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur Nadia, 741252 West Bengal, India
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Kundu C, Goon A, Bhattacharyya A. Harvest Residue Study of Fungicide Tebuconazole Ec Formulation in Groundnut and Paddy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.4236/jep.2011.24048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- H Y Lee
- National Skin Centre, Dermatology, Singapore.
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Abstract
The role of allergy in atopic dermatitis is controversial. The atopy patch test (APT) has been used to investigate the association between atopic dermatitis and aeroallergen allergy. To determine the proportion of patients with atopic dermatitis with positive patch tests to common local aeroallergens and to compare this to controls with and without respiratory atopy, we performed APT, skin-prick tests (SPT) and IgE radioallergosorbent tests (RAST) on 73 patients with atopic dermatitis and on 38 nonatopic controls (13 with and 25 without respiratory atopy). The allergens used were house dust mite, cat dander, Bermuda grass and German cockroach. Only the APT for house dust mite showed a significant difference between the two groups. APT for house dust mite correlated with the RAST test, while APT for cat fur correlated with the SPT. The APT may be useful to evaluate aeroallergens in atopic dermatitis, but further work is needed to make it more reliable.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Goon
- Department of Dermatology, National Skin Centre, Singapore.
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Yosipovitch G, Widijanti Sugeng M, Goon A, Chan YH, Goh CL. A comparison of the combined effect of cryotherapy and corticosteroid injections versus corticosteroids and cryotherapy alone on keloids: a controlled study. J DERMATOL TREAT 2002; 12:87-90. [PMID: 12243664 DOI: 10.1080/095466301317085363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment modalities for keloids, which are commonly found in Asians, include intralesional corticosteroid injections and cryotherapy as well as a combination of these two modalities. Few studies have been performed in a controlled fashion to evaluate the efficacy of these treatments. OBJECTIVE A controlled study, to evaluate the combined effect of intralesional corticosteroid injection with cryotherapy vs. intralesional corticosteroid or cryotherapy alone. METHODS Ten patients completed the study: eight patients had at least three keloids and two had two keloids. Patients were treated for at least three sessions 4 weeks apart. The outcome of the lesions was compared between the treatments regarding the thickness of the lesion using a caliper and photographic assessment, and the presence of itch and pain before and after treatment using a visual analogue scale. RESULTS In terms of thickness, the keloids responded significantly better to combined cryotherapy and triamcinolone vs. triamcinolone alone or cryotherapy alone (P < 0.001). Pain intensity was significantly lowered with all treatment modalities; however, itch was lowered only with the combined treatment and intralesional corticosteroid alone. No significant side effects were noted with any of the treatments and no re-occurrence of keloids was noted with the combined therapy. CONCLUSION Combined injection of intralesional steroids with cryotherapy appears to be superior to other current modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Yosipovitch
- National Skin Centre, National Medical Research Council, Ministry of Health, Singapore.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Although pruritus is a predominant symptom of chronic idiopathic urticaria (CIU) its clinical characteristics have not been explored. OBJECTIVES To characterize the clinical pattern and sensory and affective dimensions of the itch experience, utilizing a comprehensive itch questionnaire. METHODS A structured questionnaire based on the McGill pain questionnaire was used in 100 patients suffering from CIU randomly recruited from a tertiary referral centre. RESULTS All 100 patients recruited with CIU completed the questionnaire. In 68 patients pruritus appeared on a daily basis. Most patients experienced their pruritus at night and in the evening (n = 83), and 62 reported difficulty in falling asleep. Pruritus involved all body areas, but mostly the arms (n = 86), back (n = 78) and legs (n = 75). Accompanying symptoms were a sensation of heat in 45 patients and sweating in 15. Most patients (n = 98) were prescribed antihistamines (mainly sedating), of whom 34 experienced long-term relief. The sensation of itch was reported to be stinging (n = 27), tickling (n = 25) and burning (n = 23). Seventy-six patients found their pruritus bothersome, 66 annoying and 14 complained of depression. The itch intensity at its peak was more than double that felt after a mosquito bite. The worst itch scores of those who felt depressed were significantly higher than of those who did not (P = 0.018). There was a positive correlation between the sensory and affective scores during worst itch (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS This study describes the itch experienced in CIU, highlighting sensory and affective dimensions. The itch questionnaire was found to be a valuable tool for evaluating pruritus in CIU and its unique features.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Yosipovitch
- National Skin Center, 1 Mandalay Road, 308205 Singapore.
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Yosipovitch G, Sugeng MW, Chan YH, Goon A, Ngim S, Goh CL. The effect of topically applied aspirin on localized circumscribed neurodermatitis. J Am Acad Dermatol 2001; 45:910-3. [PMID: 11712038 DOI: 10.1067/mjd.2001.117399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lichen simplex chronicus is a troublesome intractable itchy dermatosis, which may persist despite intensive topical treatments. Recently it has been demonstrated that topical aspirin solution with dichloromethane has a significant antipruritic effect in an experimentally induced itch. OBJECTIVE The aim of this double-blind, crossover placebo trial was to evaluate the efficacy of this solution in the treatment of lichen simplex chronicus. METHODS Twenty-nine patients with lichen simplex chronicus of at least 3 months' duration that did not respond to topical corticosteroids were randomized in a double-blind fashion to receive aspirin/dichloromethane solution in treatment period 1 for 2 weeks followed by placebo in treatment period 2 or placebo followed by aspirin in period 2 with a crossover design after a 2-week washout. The patients rated the pruritus intensity before and during therapy with a visual analog scale; a blinded investigator performed photographic assessment. RESULTS A significant therapeutic response was achieved in 11 (46%) of the patients who completed the study compared with 3 patients (12%) receiving placebo. Overall, aspirin-treated patients experienced an average decrease in the visual analog scale of 2.18 +/- 2.86 versus 0.69 +/- 2.31 of those receiving placebo. The difference between the 2 treatments for week 2 was significant (P =.03). CONCLUSION The study suggests that topical aspirin/dichloromethane might be a practical treatment for lichen simplex chronicus.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Yosipovitch
- National Skin Center, National Medical Research Council, Ministry of Health, Singapore
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Many patients with psoriasis are known to suffer from itch. However, the data available regarding itch and its characteristics in psoriasis are sparse. OBJECTIVES To examine the prevalence of pruritus and various related clinical characteristics in 101 patients with extensive psoriasis. METHODS A structured questionnaire was used. RESULTS Generalized pruritus was a feature of psoriasis in 84% of the patients. In 77% of these it appeared on a daily basis. It involved all areas of the body, had prolonged duration and appeared mainly in the evening and at night. The pruritus significantly affected quality of life. Important daily factors that were found to exacerbate the itch were ambient heat (81%), skin dryness (80%), sweating (65%) and stress (55%). Important factors that were found to ameliorate itch were sleep (57%) and cold showers (55%). The pruritus was found to be unresponsive to most available antipruritics, including phototherapy. Itch intensity as reflected by a visual analogue scale did not correlate with Psoriasis Area and Severity Index scores; however, a highly significant correlation was obtained between the affective descriptors and itch intensity in the worst itch states (r = 0.6, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Pruritus is a common feature of psoriasis and affects quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Yosipovitch
- National Skin Centre, 1 Mandalay Road, Singapore 308205Clinical Trials and Epidemiology Research Unit, National Medical Research Council, Ministry of Health, Singapore.
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Abstract
Stereoscopic head-mounted displays (HMD's) provide an effective capability to create dynamic virtual environments. For a user of such environments, virtual objects would be displayed ideally at the appropriate distances, and natural concordant accommodation and convergence would be provided. Under such image display conditions, the user perceives these objects as if they were objects in a real environment. Current HMD technology requires convergent eye movements. However, it is currently limited by fixed visual accommodation, which is inconsistent with real-world vision. A prototype multiplanar volumetric projection display based on a stack of laminated planes was built for medical visualization as discussed in a paper presented at a 1999 Advanced Research Projects Agency workshop (Sullivan, Advanced Research Projects Agency, Arlington, Va., 1999). We show how such technology can be engineered to create a set of virtual planes appropriately configured in visual space to suppress conflicts of convergence and accommodation in HMD's. Although some scanning mechanism could be employed to create a set of desirable planes from a two-dimensional conventional display, multiplanar technology accomplishes such function with no moving parts. Based on optical principles and human vision, we present a comprehensive investigation of the engineering specification of multiplanar technology for integration in HMD's. Using selected human visual acuity and stereoacuity criteria, we show that the display requires at most 27 equally spaced planes, which is within the capability of current research and development display devices, located within a maximal 26-mm-wide stack. We further show that the necessary in-plane resolution is of the order of 5 microm.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Rolland
- School of Optics, Center for Research and Education in Optics and Lasers, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816-2700, USA
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Burge JC, Goon A, Choban PS, Flancbaum L. Efficacy of hypocaloric total parenteral nutrition in hospitalized obese patients: a prospective, double-blind randomized trial. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 1994; 18:203-7. [PMID: 8064994 DOI: 10.1177/0148607194018003203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a major health problem in the United States today. Traditionally, management of obese hospitalized patients has not differed from that of normal-weight patients, with calorie and protein needs based on current body weight and weight loss postponed until the acute illness has subsided. This study was undertaken to determine whether obese hospitalized patients (> 130% ideal body weight) requiring total parenteral nutrition and given hypocaloric (HC) feedings with adequate protein intake could achieve nitrogen balance comparable with that of controls (C) given isonitrogenous normocaloric formulas. Sixteen obese patients (HC = 9, C = 7) were randomized to either HC (50% resting metabolic energy expenditure, plus protein; calories:nitrogen = 75:1) or C (100% resting metabolic energy expenditure, plus protein; calories:nitrogen = 150:1) formulas. Resting metabolic energy expenditure was determined by indirect calorimetry on day 0 and weekly, and nitrogen balance was determined daily. The two groups were similar in Harris-Benedict predicted energy expenditure and metabolic energy expenditure, initial and final serum albumin, total iron-binding capacity, and weight loss. Total daily calorie and nonprotein calorie intake per kilogram body weight were 14 +/- 4.1 (HC) vs 25 +/- 4 (C) and 7 +/- 1.9 (HC) vs 20 +/- 3 (C), respectively. Protein intake was 1.23 +/- 0.4 (HC) vs 1.31 +/- 0.2 (C) g/kg per day. Initial respiratory quotients were similar and consistent with fasting (HC = 0.7 +/- 0.09 vs C = 0.66 +/- 0.09); final respiratory quotients in C patients reflected mixed fuel use (C = 0.82 +/- 0.11 vs HC = 0.7 +/- 0.12).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Burge
- Department of Medical Dietetics, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus
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