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Dzikwi-Emennaa AA, Meseko C, Emennaa P, Adeyinka AJ, Adamu AM, Adegboye OA. Detection of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus Antibodies in Cattle in Plateau State, Nigeria. Viruses 2022; 14:v14122618. [PMID: 36560622 PMCID: PMC9787510 DOI: 10.3390/v14122618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a vector-borne viral hemorrhagic disease with global clinical significance. Certain species of ticks are vectors of CCHF, which can be transmitted from animals to humans and humans to humans by direct exposure to blood or other body fluids. The zoonotic transmission at the human-animal interface from viremic animal hosts to humans is a public health concern with a paucity of data in Nigeria. Samples from 184 pastoral cattle from three local government areas (LGAs) of Plateau state, Nigeria, were screened for CCHF virus using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ID Screen® CCHF Double Antigen for Multi-Species). Overall seropositivity of 30.4% (n = 56) (95% CI: 23.88%, 37.63%) was recorded from the study areas in Plateau State, while 48/126 (38.1%, 95% CI: 29.59%, 47.17%) sampled cows tested positive for CCHFV antibodies. Seropositivity was significantly higher (p < 0.001) among older cattle greater than two years, 54.69% (95% CI: 2.88%, 11.24%) compared to cattle younger than two years, 17.5% (95% CI: 11.17%, 25.50%). The location of farms played a significant role in the seropositivity of CCHF with the least risk observed in Wase LGA. CCHF is an important zoonotic disease in different parts of the globe with a high risk of transmission to pastoralists, livestock keepers/slaughterhouse workers, and veterinarians who handle animals. There is a need for a collaborative one-health approach with various stakeholders to unravel the dynamics of CCHFV epidemiology in Nigeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asabe A. Dzikwi-Emennaa
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Jos, Jos 930003, Nigeria
| | - Clement Meseko
- National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Jos 930101, Nigeria
| | - Paulinus Emennaa
- National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Jos 930101, Nigeria
| | | | - Andrew M. Adamu
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Abuja, Abuja 900105, Nigeria
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
- Correspondence: (A.M.A.); (O.A.A.)
| | - Oyelola A. Adegboye
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
- World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Vector-Borne and Neglected Tropical Diseases, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
- Correspondence: (A.M.A.); (O.A.A.)
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