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Olawuyi K, Orole O, Meseko C, Monne I, Shittu I, Bianca Z, Fusaro A, Inuwa B, Akintola R, Ibrahim J, Muhammad M. Detection of clade 2.3.4.4 highly pathogenic avian influenza H5 viruses in healthy wild birds in the Hadeji-Nguru wetland, Nigeria 2022. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2024; 18:e13254. [PMID: 38314064 PMCID: PMC10837781 DOI: 10.1111/irv.13254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The introduction of multiple avian influenza virus (AIV) subtypes into Nigeria has resulted in several poultry outbreaks purportedly linked to trade and wild birds. The role of wild birds in perpetuating AIV in Nigeria was, therefore, elucidated. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among wild aquatic bird species at the Hadejia-Nguru wetlands in Northeastern Nigeria between March and April 2022. A total of 452 swabs (226 cloacae and 226 oropharyngeal) were collected using a mist net to capture the birds. These samples were tested by RT-qPCR, followed by sequencing. Results Highly pathogenic AIV of the H5N1 subtype was identified in clinically healthy wild bird species, namely, African jacana, ruff, spur-winged goose, squared-tailed nightjar, white-faced whistling ducks, and white stork. A prevalence of 11.1% (25/226) was recorded. Phylogenetic analysis of the complete HA gene segment indicated the presence of clade 2.3.4.4b. However, these H5N1 viruses characterized from these wild birds cluster separately from the H5N1 viruses characterized in Nigerian poultry since early 2021. Specifically, the viruses form two distinct genetic groups both linked with the Eurasian H5N1 gene pool but likely resulting from two distinct introductions of the virus in the region. Whole-genome characterization of the viruses reveals the presence of mammalian adaptive marker E627K in two Afro-tropical resident aquatic ducks. This has zoonotic potential. Conclusion Our findings highlight the key role of surveillance in wild birds to monitor the diversity of viruses in this area, provide the foundations of epidemiological understanding, and facilitate risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayode Olawuyi
- National Veterinary Research InstituteVomNigeria
- Department of MicrobiologyFederal University of LafiaLafiaNigeria
| | - Olukayode Orole
- Department of MicrobiologyFederal University of LafiaLafiaNigeria
| | | | - Isabella Monne
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle VeneziePadovaItaly
| | | | - Zecchin Bianca
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle VeneziePadovaItaly
| | - Alice Fusaro
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle VeneziePadovaItaly
| | - Bitrus Inuwa
- National Veterinary Research InstituteVomNigeria
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Meseko C, Sanicas M, Asha K, Sulaiman L, Kumar B. Antiviral options and therapeutics against influenza: history, latest developments and future prospects. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1269344. [PMID: 38094741 PMCID: PMC10716471 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1269344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Drugs and chemotherapeutics have helped to manage devastating impacts of infectious diseases since the concept of 'magic bullet'. The World Health Organization estimates about 650,000 deaths due to respiratory diseases linked to seasonal influenza each year. Pandemic influenza, on the other hand, is the most feared health disaster and probably would have greater and immediate impact on humanity than climate change. While countermeasures, biosecurity and vaccination remain the most effective preventive strategies against this highly infectious and communicable disease, antivirals are nonetheless essential to mitigate clinical manifestations following infection and to reduce devastating complications and mortality. Continuous emergence of the novel strains of rapidly evolving influenza viruses, some of which are intractable, require new approaches towards influenza chemotherapeutics including optimization of existing anti-infectives and search for novel therapies. Effective management of influenza infections depend on the safety and efficacy of selected anti-infective in-vitro studies and their clinical applications. The outcomes of therapies are also dependent on understanding diversity in patient groups, co-morbidities, co-infections and combination therapies. In this extensive review, we have discussed the challenges of influenza epidemics and pandemics and discoursed the options for anti-viral chemotherapies for effective management of influenza virus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clement Meseko
- Regional Centre for Animal Influenza, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
| | - Melvin Sanicas
- Medical and Clinical Development, Clover Biopharmaceuticals, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kumari Asha
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Lanre Sulaiman
- Regional Centre for Animal Influenza, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
| | - Binod Kumar
- Department of Antiviral Research, Institute of Advanced Virology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
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3
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Meseko C, Ameji NO, Kumar B, Culhane M. Rational approach to vaccination against highly pathogenic avian influenza in Nigeria: a scientific perspective and global best practice. Arch Virol 2023; 168:263. [PMID: 37775596 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-023-05888-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Since 2006, highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) subtypes H5Nx have adversely affected poultry production in Nigeria. Successive waves of infections in the last two decades have raised concerns about the ability to contain infections by biosecurity alone, and evidence of recurrent outbreaks suggests a need for adoption of additional control measures such as vaccination. Although vaccination can be used to control virus spread and reduce the morbidity and mortality caused by HPAI, no country using vaccination alone as a control measure against HPAI has been able to eliminate or prevent re-infection. To inform policy in Nigeria, we examined the intricacies of HPAI vaccination, government regulations, and scientific data regarding what kind of vaccines can be used based on subtype, whether inactivated or live attenuated should be used, when to deliver vaccine either proactively or reactively, where to apply vaccination either in disease control zones, regionally, or nationally, and how to vaccinate the targeted poultry population for optimum success. A resurgence of HPAI outbreaks in Nigeria since 2018, after the country was declared free of the epidemic following the first outbreak in 2006, has led to enhanced intervention. Controlled vaccination entails monitoring the application of vaccines, the capacity to differentiate vaccinated from infected (DIVA) flocks, and assessing seroconversion or other immune correlates of protection. Concurrent surveillance for circulating avian influenza virus (AIV) and analyzing AIV isolates obtained via surveillance efforts for genetic and/or antigenic mismatch with vaccine strains are also important. Countries with high investment in commercial poultry farms like Nigeria may identify and zone territories where vaccines can be applied. This may include ring vaccination to control HPAI in areas or production systems at risk of infection. Before adoption of vaccination as an additional control measure on commercial poultry farms, two outcomes must be considered. First, vaccination is an admission of endemicity. Secondly, vaccinated flocks may no longer be made accessible to international poultry markets in accordance with WOAH trade regulations. Vaccination must therefore be approached with utmost caution and be guided by science-based evidence throughout the implementation strategy after thorough risk assessment. Influenza vaccine research, development, and controlled application in addition to biosecurity may be a precautionary measure in the evolving HPAI scenario in Nigeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clement Meseko
- Regional Laboratory for Animal Influenza and Transboundary Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, vom plateau, Nigeria.
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria.
| | - Negedu Onogu Ameji
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Radiology, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Binod Kumar
- Department of Antiviral Research, Institute of Advanced Virology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Marie Culhane
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minnesota, USA
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4
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Inuwa B, Yiltawe W, Shuaib Adamu G, Oyekan O, Osemeke Onyeka H, Ochuko O, Gulak Hussaini U, Ismailia S, Meseko C. Serological evidence of Newcastle disease virus antibodies in wild birds in Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria. Vet Ital 2023; 59. [PMID: 38376832 DOI: 10.12834/vetit.2710.17457.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Wild birds have been reported to be reservoirs of viral diseases of poultry, and play an epidemiological role in their maintenance and spread. A serological survey was undertaken to determine the evidence of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) antibodies in wild birds in Zaria Kaduna State, Nigeria. A total of 150 apparently healthy wild birds comprising 30 each laughing dove, speckled pigeons, cattle egrets, village weavers and African silver bills were sampled. Sera collected were analysed for the presence of antibodies against NDV and avian paramyxovirus‑2 (APMV‑2) using the haemagglutination inhibition test. The results showed an overall seroprevalence of 4% (95% CI: 2.05‑10.1) to NDV. African silver bill showed a seroprevalence of 10.0% (95% CI: 2.61‑24.9) NDV antibodies while seroprevalence of 3.3% (95% CI: 0.16‑15.4) was recorded for cattle egrets, village weavers and laughing doves respectively. No statistically significant difference existed for NDV seroprevalence (P>0.05) among the different species of wild birds. All the 150 sera tested negative for APMV‑2 antibodies. The result of this study confirmed the exposure of wild birds to NDV in the study area. Continuous surveillance with isolation and characterization of NDV in the wild birds is therefore recommended for strategic planning for control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bitrus Inuwa
- National Veterinary Research institute, Vom, Plateau State; Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria.
| | - Wungak Yiltawe
- National Veterinary Research institute, Vom, Plateau State
| | - Gidado Shuaib Adamu
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Clement Meseko
- National Veterinary Research institute, Vom, Plateau State
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Meseko C, Milani A, Inuwa B, Chinyere C, Shittu I, Ahmed J, Giussani E, Palumbo E, Zecchin B, Bonfante F, Maniero S, Angot A, Niang M, Fusaro A, Gobbo F, Terregino C, Olasoju T, Monne I, Muhammad M. The Evolution of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A (H5) in Poultry in Nigeria, 2021-2022. Viruses 2023; 15:1387. [PMID: 37376688 DOI: 10.3390/v15061387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In 2021, amidst the COVID-19 pandemic and global food insecurity, the Nigerian poultry sector was exposed to the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus and its economic challenges. Between 2021 and 2022, HPAI caused 467 outbreaks reported in 31 of the 37 administrative regions in Nigeria. In this study, we characterized the genomes of 97 influenza A viruses of the subtypes H5N1, H5N2, and H5N8, which were identified in different agro-ecological zones and farms during the 2021-2022 epidemic. The phylogenetic analysis of the HA genes showed a widespread distribution of the H5Nx clade 2.3.4.4b and similarity with the HPAI H5Nx viruses that have been detected in Europe since late 2020. The topology of the phylogenetic trees indicated the occurrence of several independent introductions of the virus into the country, followed by a regional evolution of the virus that was most probably linked to its persistent circulation in West African territories. Additional evidence of the evolutionary potential of the HPAI viruses circulating in this region is the identification in this study of a putative H5N1/H9N2 reassortant virus in a mixed-species commercial poultry farm. Our data confirm Nigeria as a crucial hotspot for HPAI virus introduction from the Eurasian territories and reveal a dynamic pattern of avian influenza virus evolution within the Nigerian poultry population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clement Meseko
- Regional Laboratory for Animal Influenza & Transboundary Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute (NVRI), Vom 930101, Nigeria
| | - Adelaide Milani
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), Division of Comparative Biomedical Sciences (BSBIO), 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Bitrus Inuwa
- Regional Laboratory for Animal Influenza & Transboundary Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute (NVRI), Vom 930101, Nigeria
| | - Chinonyerem Chinyere
- Regional Laboratory for Animal Influenza & Transboundary Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute (NVRI), Vom 930101, Nigeria
| | - Ismaila Shittu
- Regional Laboratory for Animal Influenza & Transboundary Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute (NVRI), Vom 930101, Nigeria
| | - James Ahmed
- Regional Laboratory for Animal Influenza & Transboundary Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute (NVRI), Vom 930101, Nigeria
| | - Edoardo Giussani
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), Division of Comparative Biomedical Sciences (BSBIO), 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Elisa Palumbo
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), Division of Comparative Biomedical Sciences (BSBIO), 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Bianca Zecchin
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), Division of Comparative Biomedical Sciences (BSBIO), 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Francesco Bonfante
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), Division of Comparative Biomedical Sciences (BSBIO), 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Silvia Maniero
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), Division of Comparative Biomedical Sciences (BSBIO), 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Angélique Angot
- Animal Health Service (NSAH), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO-UN), 00198 Rome, Italy
| | - Mamadou Niang
- Regional Office for Africa (RAF), Emergency Centre for Transboundary Animal Diseases (ECTAD), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO-UN), Accra 00233, Ghana
| | - Alice Fusaro
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), Division of Comparative Biomedical Sciences (BSBIO), 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Federica Gobbo
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), Division of Comparative Biomedical Sciences (BSBIO), 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Calogero Terregino
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), Division of Comparative Biomedical Sciences (BSBIO), 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Taiwo Olasoju
- Federal Department of Veterinary and Pest Control Services (FDV&PCS), Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (FMARD), Abuja 900108, Nigeria
| | - Isabella Monne
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), Division of Comparative Biomedical Sciences (BSBIO), 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Maryam Muhammad
- Regional Laboratory for Animal Influenza & Transboundary Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute (NVRI), Vom 930101, Nigeria
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Meseko C, Dzikwi-Emennaa A. Influenza surveillance data from Africa to inform tailored vaccination programmes. Lancet Glob Health 2023; 11:e640-e641. [PMID: 37061300 DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(23)00154-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Clement Meseko
- Regional Laboratory for Animal Influenza, Infectious and Transboundary Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, 930101, Nigeria; Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria.
| | - Asabe Dzikwi-Emennaa
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
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7
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Nwagbo I, Milani A, Salviato A, Zamperin G, Sulaiman L, Maurice N, Meseko C, Fusaro A, Shittu I. Genomic Analysis of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus in Nigeria: Identification of Unique Mutations of Yet Unknown Biological Functions in Both Segments A and B. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11040867. [PMID: 37112779 PMCID: PMC10144922 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11040867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is a viral poultry disease known worldwide for impacting the economy and food security. The disease is endemic in Nigeria, with reported outbreaks in vaccinated poultry flocks. To gain insight into the dynamics of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) evolution in Nigeria, near-complete genomes of four IBDVs were evaluated. Amino acid sequences in the hypervariable region of the VP2 revealed conserved markers (222A, 242I, 256I, 294I and 299S) associated with very virulent (vv) IBDV, including the serine-rich heptapeptide motif (SWSASGS). Based on the newly proposed classification for segments A and B, the IBDVs clustered in the A3B5 group (where A3 are IBDVs with vvIBDV-like segment A, and where B5 are from non-vvIBDV-like segment B) form a monophyletic subcluster. Unique amino acid mutations with yet-to-be-determined biological functions have been observed in both segments. Amino acid sequences of the Nigerian IBDVs showed that they are reassortant viruses. Circulation of reassortant IBDVs may be responsible for the vaccination failures observed in the Nigerian poultry population. Close monitoring of changes in the IBDV genome is recommended to nip deleterious changes in the bud through the identification and introduction of the most appropriate vaccine candidates and advocacy/extension programs for properly implementing disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ijeoma Nwagbo
- National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom 930010, Nigeria
| | - Adelaide Milani
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, 35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | - Annalisa Salviato
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, 35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | - Gianpiero Zamperin
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, 35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | - Lanre Sulaiman
- National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom 930010, Nigeria
| | - Nanven Maurice
- National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom 930010, Nigeria
| | - Clement Meseko
- National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom 930010, Nigeria
| | - Alice Fusaro
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, 35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | - Ismaila Shittu
- National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom 930010, Nigeria
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Meseko C, Adedeji A, Shittu I, Obishakin E, Nanven M, Suleiman L, Okomah D, Tyakaray V, Kolade D, Yinka-Ogunleye A, Muhammad S, Morgan CN, Matheny A, Nakazawa Y, McCollum A, Doty JB. Orthopoxvirus Infections in Rodents, Nigeria, 2018-2019. Emerg Infect Dis 2023; 29:433-434. [PMID: 36692495 PMCID: PMC9881785 DOI: 10.3201/eid2902.221411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate animal reservoirs of monkeypox virus in Nigeria, we sampled 240 rodents during 2018-2019. Molecular (real-time PCR) and serologic (IgM) evidence indicated orthopoxvirus infections, but presence of monkeypox virus was not confirmed. These results can be used to develop public health interventions to reduce human infection with orthopoxviruses.
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Asha K, Meseko C, Kumar B. Editorial: Influenza and related viruses: Epidemiology, pathogenesis, and therapeutics. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 9:1117067. [PMID: 36660434 PMCID: PMC9846121 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1117067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kumari Asha
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, United States,*Correspondence: Kumari Asha, ; Clement Meseko, ; Binod Kumar,
| | - Clement Meseko
- Regional Centre for Animal Influenza, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria,*Correspondence: Kumari Asha, ; Clement Meseko, ; Binod Kumar,
| | - Binod Kumar
- Department of Antiviral Research, Institute of Advanced Virology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India,*Correspondence: Kumari Asha, ; Clement Meseko, ; Binod Kumar,
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Adeoye F, Kolapo A, Ogunmolawa O, Aluko A, Meseko C, Oluwayelu D. Molecular Detection of Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus (PPRV) in Goats and in Sheep in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. Vet Ital 2022; 58. [PMID: 37303142 DOI: 10.12834/vetit.2558.15754.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a vaccine-preventable transboundary animal disease of goats and sheep majorly, and is regarded as a major constraint to small ruminant production especially in developing countries like Nigeria. Despite different strategies that have been employed to control PPR in Nigeria, cases of the disease are still reported in PPR-vaccinated and unvaccinated small ruminant farms. In this study, molecular detection of field PPR virus (PPRV) strains was carried out to determine the presence of PPRV. A total of 135 samples (45 oculo-nasal swabs and 90 tissue samples) were purposively collected between August and October 2020 from goats and sheep at the Akinyele live small ruminant market and at Akinyele and Amosun abattoirs in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. Using reverse transcriptasepolymerase chain reaction with primers targeting the partial N-gene of PPRV, 10 out of the 135 (7.4%) field samples yielded positive results. The results of this study reveal that PPRV currently circulates in Ibadan. These findings underscore the need for continuous PPR surveillance, more extensive characterization of circulating PPRV strains and the importance of consistent use of quality vaccines in the country to achieve more effective preventive and control strategies against the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Oluyemi Ogunmolawa
- Viral Vaccines Production Department, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
| | - Adegboyega Aluko
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | - Daniel Oluwayelu
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Dzikwi-Emennaa AA, Meseko C, Emennaa P, Adeyinka AJ, Adamu AM, Adegboye OA. Detection of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus Antibodies in Cattle in Plateau State, Nigeria. Viruses 2022; 14:v14122618. [PMID: 36560622 PMCID: PMC9787510 DOI: 10.3390/v14122618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a vector-borne viral hemorrhagic disease with global clinical significance. Certain species of ticks are vectors of CCHF, which can be transmitted from animals to humans and humans to humans by direct exposure to blood or other body fluids. The zoonotic transmission at the human-animal interface from viremic animal hosts to humans is a public health concern with a paucity of data in Nigeria. Samples from 184 pastoral cattle from three local government areas (LGAs) of Plateau state, Nigeria, were screened for CCHF virus using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ID Screen® CCHF Double Antigen for Multi-Species). Overall seropositivity of 30.4% (n = 56) (95% CI: 23.88%, 37.63%) was recorded from the study areas in Plateau State, while 48/126 (38.1%, 95% CI: 29.59%, 47.17%) sampled cows tested positive for CCHFV antibodies. Seropositivity was significantly higher (p < 0.001) among older cattle greater than two years, 54.69% (95% CI: 2.88%, 11.24%) compared to cattle younger than two years, 17.5% (95% CI: 11.17%, 25.50%). The location of farms played a significant role in the seropositivity of CCHF with the least risk observed in Wase LGA. CCHF is an important zoonotic disease in different parts of the globe with a high risk of transmission to pastoralists, livestock keepers/slaughterhouse workers, and veterinarians who handle animals. There is a need for a collaborative one-health approach with various stakeholders to unravel the dynamics of CCHFV epidemiology in Nigeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asabe A. Dzikwi-Emennaa
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Jos, Jos 930003, Nigeria
| | - Clement Meseko
- National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Jos 930101, Nigeria
| | - Paulinus Emennaa
- National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Jos 930101, Nigeria
| | | | - Andrew M. Adamu
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Abuja, Abuja 900105, Nigeria
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
- Correspondence: (A.M.A.); (O.A.A.)
| | - Oyelola A. Adegboye
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
- World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Vector-Borne and Neglected Tropical Diseases, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
- Correspondence: (A.M.A.); (O.A.A.)
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Kabantiyok D, Ninyio N, Shittu I, Meseko C, Emeto TI, Adegboye OA. Human Respiratory Infections in Nigeria: Influenza and the Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10091551. [PMID: 36146628 PMCID: PMC9506385 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10091551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing outbreak of zoonotic diseases presents challenging times for nations and calls for a renewed effort to disrupt the chain of events that precede it. Nigeria's response to the 2006 bird flu provided a platform for outbreak response, yet it was not its first experience with Influenza. This study describes the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on Influenza surveillance and, conversely, while the 1918 Influenza pandemic remains the most devastating (500,000 deaths in 18 million population) in Nigeria, the emergence of SARS CoV-2 presented renewed opportunities for the development of vaccines with novel technology, co-infection studies outcome, and challenges globally. Although the public health Intervention and strategies left some positive outcomes for other viruses, Nigeria and Africa's preparation against the next pandemic may involve prioritizing a combination of technology, socioeconomic growth, and active surveillance in the spirit of One Health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Kabantiyok
- Laboratory Diagnostic Services Division, National Veterinary Research Institute, PMB 01, Vom 930001, Nigeria
| | - Nathaniel Ninyio
- School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, 70182 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Ismaila Shittu
- Department of Avian Influenza and Transboundary Animal Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, PMB 01, Vom 930010, Nigeria
| | - Clement Meseko
- Department of Avian Influenza and Transboundary Animal Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, PMB 01, Vom 930010, Nigeria
| | - Theophilus I. Emeto
- Public Health & Tropical Medicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Department, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
- World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Vector-Borne, Neglected Tropical Diseases Department, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - Oyelola A. Adegboye
- Public Health & Tropical Medicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Department, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
- World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Vector-Borne, Neglected Tropical Diseases Department, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
- Correspondence:
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13
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Panzarin V, Marciano S, Fortin A, Brian I, D’Amico V, Gobbo F, Bonfante F, Palumbo E, Sakoda Y, Le KT, Chu DH, Shittu I, Meseko C, Haido AM, Odoom T, Diouf MN, Djegui F, Steensels M, Terregino C, Monne I. Redesign and Validation of a Real-Time RT-PCR to Improve Surveillance for Avian Influenza Viruses of the H9 Subtype. Viruses 2022; 14:v14061263. [PMID: 35746734 PMCID: PMC9227555 DOI: 10.3390/v14061263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Avian influenza viruses of the H9 subtype cause significant losses to poultry production in endemic regions of Asia, Africa and the Middle East and pose a risk to human health. The availability of reliable and updated diagnostic tools for H9 surveillance is thus paramount to ensure the prompt identification of this subtype. The genetic variability of H9 represents a challenge for molecular-based diagnostic methods and was the cause for suboptimal detection and false negatives during routine diagnostic monitoring. Starting from a dataset of sequences related to viruses of different origins and clades (Y439, Y280, G1), a bioinformatics workflow was optimized to extract relevant sequence data preparatory for oligonucleotides design. Analytical and diagnostic performances were assessed according to the OIE standards. To facilitate assay deployment, amplification conditions were optimized with different nucleic extraction systems and amplification kits. Performance of the new real-time RT-PCR was also evaluated in comparison to existing H9-detection methods, highlighting a significant improvement of sensitivity and inclusivity, in particular for G1 viruses. Data obtained suggest that the new assay has the potential to be employed under different settings and geographic areas for a sensitive detection of H9 viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Panzarin
- EU/OIE/National Reference Laboratory for Avian Influenza and Newcastle Disease, FAO Reference Centre for Animal Influenza and Newcastle Disease, Division of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (S.M.); (A.F.); (I.B.); (V.D.); (F.G.); (F.B.); (E.P.); (C.T.); (I.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Sabrina Marciano
- EU/OIE/National Reference Laboratory for Avian Influenza and Newcastle Disease, FAO Reference Centre for Animal Influenza and Newcastle Disease, Division of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (S.M.); (A.F.); (I.B.); (V.D.); (F.G.); (F.B.); (E.P.); (C.T.); (I.M.)
| | - Andrea Fortin
- EU/OIE/National Reference Laboratory for Avian Influenza and Newcastle Disease, FAO Reference Centre for Animal Influenza and Newcastle Disease, Division of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (S.M.); (A.F.); (I.B.); (V.D.); (F.G.); (F.B.); (E.P.); (C.T.); (I.M.)
| | - Irene Brian
- EU/OIE/National Reference Laboratory for Avian Influenza and Newcastle Disease, FAO Reference Centre for Animal Influenza and Newcastle Disease, Division of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (S.M.); (A.F.); (I.B.); (V.D.); (F.G.); (F.B.); (E.P.); (C.T.); (I.M.)
| | - Valeria D’Amico
- EU/OIE/National Reference Laboratory for Avian Influenza and Newcastle Disease, FAO Reference Centre for Animal Influenza and Newcastle Disease, Division of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (S.M.); (A.F.); (I.B.); (V.D.); (F.G.); (F.B.); (E.P.); (C.T.); (I.M.)
| | - Federica Gobbo
- EU/OIE/National Reference Laboratory for Avian Influenza and Newcastle Disease, FAO Reference Centre for Animal Influenza and Newcastle Disease, Division of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (S.M.); (A.F.); (I.B.); (V.D.); (F.G.); (F.B.); (E.P.); (C.T.); (I.M.)
| | - Francesco Bonfante
- EU/OIE/National Reference Laboratory for Avian Influenza and Newcastle Disease, FAO Reference Centre for Animal Influenza and Newcastle Disease, Division of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (S.M.); (A.F.); (I.B.); (V.D.); (F.G.); (F.B.); (E.P.); (C.T.); (I.M.)
| | - Elisa Palumbo
- EU/OIE/National Reference Laboratory for Avian Influenza and Newcastle Disease, FAO Reference Centre for Animal Influenza and Newcastle Disease, Division of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (S.M.); (A.F.); (I.B.); (V.D.); (F.G.); (F.B.); (E.P.); (C.T.); (I.M.)
| | - Yoshihiro Sakoda
- OIE Reference Laboratory for Avian Influenza, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan; (Y.S.); (K.T.L.)
| | - Kien Trung Le
- OIE Reference Laboratory for Avian Influenza, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan; (Y.S.); (K.T.L.)
| | - Duc-Huy Chu
- Department of Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MARD), Hanoi 115-19, Vietnam;
| | - Ismaila Shittu
- Regional Laboratory for Animal Influenzas and Other Transboundary Animal Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute (NVRI), Vom 930010, Nigeria; (I.S.); (C.M.)
| | - Clement Meseko
- Regional Laboratory for Animal Influenzas and Other Transboundary Animal Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute (NVRI), Vom 930010, Nigeria; (I.S.); (C.M.)
| | - Abdoul Malick Haido
- Laboratoire Central de l’Élevage (LABOCEL), Ministère de l’Agriculture et de l’Elevage, Niamey 485, Niger;
| | - Theophilus Odoom
- Accra Veterinary Laboratory, Veterinary Services Directorate, Ministry of Food & Agriculture, Accra M161, Ghana;
| | - Mame Nahé Diouf
- Laboratoire National de l’Élevage et de Recherches Vétérinaires (LNERV) de l’Institut Sénégalais de Recherches Agricoles (ISRA), Dakar-Hann 2057, Senegal;
| | - Fidélia Djegui
- Laboratoire de Diagnostic Vétérinaire et de Sérosurveillance (LADISERO), Parakou 23, Benin;
| | - Mieke Steensels
- AI/ND National Reference Laboratory, Sciensano, 1050 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Calogero Terregino
- EU/OIE/National Reference Laboratory for Avian Influenza and Newcastle Disease, FAO Reference Centre for Animal Influenza and Newcastle Disease, Division of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (S.M.); (A.F.); (I.B.); (V.D.); (F.G.); (F.B.); (E.P.); (C.T.); (I.M.)
| | - Isabella Monne
- EU/OIE/National Reference Laboratory for Avian Influenza and Newcastle Disease, FAO Reference Centre for Animal Influenza and Newcastle Disease, Division of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (S.M.); (A.F.); (I.B.); (V.D.); (F.G.); (F.B.); (E.P.); (C.T.); (I.M.)
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14
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Oyewo M, Al-Mustapha AI, Richards BA, Abdulkareem L, Olasoju T, Babale SM, Khalid H, Meseko C, Balogun MS. Preliminary Outbreak Investigation and Spatial Epidemiology of Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Outbreak in Nigeria. Front Vet Sci 2022; 8:771599. [PMID: 35071381 PMCID: PMC8766800 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.771599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The outbreak of highly contagious transboundary rabbit hemorrhagic disease (RHD) in Nigeria has a severe socio-economic impact on the rabbit industry. We present the outbreak investigation and spatial epidemiology of the first confirmed RHD outbreak in Nigeria from a field survey of 28 stochastic outbreaks in Kwara State, north-central Nigeria. A total of 1,639 rabbits died from 2,053 susceptible rabbits. The serotype “RHDV-2” was detected in tissue samples from some of the outbreaks. The case fatality rate of the RHDV-2 outbreak was 79.8%. The source of the outbreak is still unknown. Most (71.4%) of the farmers had introduced new rabbits into their farms 1–2 weeks before the outbreak. Most of the farmers practiced biosecurity measures such as farm fencing (83.1%) and routine disinfection of the farm materials (53.6%). However, only 17.8% of the farmers enforced movement restrictions into their farms. Some of the farmers (42.8%) had restocked their farms after being affected by the RHD outbreak and 75% of all those farmers that have restocked had used the RHD vaccine. There was no statistically significant association between adherence to biosecurity measures and the RHD outbreak in affected farms (p = 0.408). However, the introduction of new rabbits into rabbit farms significantly pre-disposed farms to the RHD outbreak (p < 0.001). There is a need for active surveillance of RHD across the country to ensure efficient and effective tracking, monitoring, and control of the disease. Equally, understanding the genetic diversity of the Lagoviruses in Nigeria that cause RHD to aid vaccine development is of utmost importance to prevent future RHD outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muftau Oyewo
- Department of Veterinary Services, Kwara State Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Ilorin, Nigeria.,Nigerian Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Ahmad I Al-Mustapha
- Department of Veterinary Services, Kwara State Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Ilorin, Nigeria.,Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.,UMR 1289, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universite de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Bukola A Richards
- Department of Veterinary Services, Kwara State Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | | | - Taiwo Olasoju
- Department of Veterinary and Pest Control Services, Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Sufiyan M Babale
- Department of Community Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Hamza Khalid
- Viral Research Laboratory, Veterinary Research Institute, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Clement Meseko
- Regional Laboratory for Animal Influenza and Transboundary Animal Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
| | - Muhammad S Balogun
- Nigerian Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program, Abuja, Nigeria.,African Field Epidemiology Network, Abuja, Nigeria
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15
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Franzo G, Settypalli TBK, Agusi ER, Meseko C, Minoungou G, Ouoba BL, Habibata ZL, Wade A, de Barros JL, Tshilenge CG, Gelaye E, Yami M, Gizaw D, Chibssa TR, Anahory IV, Mapaco LP, Achá SJ, Ijomanta J, Jambol AR, Adedeji AJ, Luka PD, Shamaki D, Diop M, Bakhoum MT, Lo MM, Chang'a JS, Magidanga B, Mayenga C, Ziba MW, Dautu G, Masembe C, Achenbach J, Molini U, Cattoli G, Lamien CE, Dundon WG. Porcine circovirus-2 in Africa: Identification of continent-specific clusters and evidence of independent viral introductions from Europe, North America and Asia. Transbound Emerg Dis 2021; 69:e1142-e1152. [PMID: 34812571 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Porcine circovirus-2 (PCV-2) is associated with several disease syndromes in domestic pigs that have a significant impact on global pig production and health. Currently, little is known about the status of PCV-2 in Africa. In this study, a total of 408 archived DNA samples collected from pigs in Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Ethiopia, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Mozambique, Nigeria, Senegal, Tanzania and Zambia between 2000 and 2018 were screened by PCR for the presence of PCV-2. Positive amplicons of the gene encoding the viral capsid protein (ORF2) were sequenced to determine the genotypes circulating in each country. Four of the nine currently known genotypes of PCV-2 were identified (i.e. PCV-2a, PCV-2b, PCV-2d and PCV-2 g) with more than one genotype being identified in Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, Nigeria, Mozambique, Senegal and Zambia. Additionally, a phylogeographic analysis which included 38 additional ORF2 gene sequences of PCV-2s previously identified in Mozambique, Namibia and South Africa from 2014 to 2016 and 2019 to 2020 and available in public databases, demonstrated the existence of several African-specific clusters and estimated the approximate time of introduction of PCV-2s into Africa from other continents. This is the first in-depth study of PCV-2 in Africa and it has important implications for pig production at both the small-holder and commercial farm level on the continent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Franzo
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Tirumala B K Settypalli
- Animal Production and Health Laboratory, Animal Production and Health Section, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Clement Meseko
- National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria
| | | | | | | | - Abel Wade
- National Veterinary Laboratory (LANAVET), Garoua, Cameroon
| | - José Luís de Barros
- Direction Génerale de l`Agriculture, Sylviculture et Élèvage, Direction des Services Vétérinaires, Cape Verde
| | | | - Esayas Gelaye
- National Veterinary Institute (NVI), Debre Zeit, Ethiopia
| | - Martha Yami
- National Veterinary Institute (NVI), Debre Zeit, Ethiopia
| | - Daniel Gizaw
- National Animal Health Diagnostic and Investigation Center (NAHDIC), Sebeta, Ethiopia
| | | | - Iolanda Vieira Anahory
- Directorate of Animal Science, Central Veterinary Laboratory, Agrarian Research Institute of Mozambique, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Lourenço P Mapaco
- Directorate of Animal Science, Central Veterinary Laboratory, Agrarian Research Institute of Mozambique, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Sara J Achá
- Directorate of Animal Science, Central Veterinary Laboratory, Agrarian Research Institute of Mozambique, Maputo, Mozambique
| | | | | | | | - Pam Dachung Luka
- National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria
| | - David Shamaki
- National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria
| | - Mariame Diop
- Laboratoire National de l'Elevage et de Recherches Vétérinaires, Institut Sénégalais de Recherches Agricoles (ISRA), Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Mame Thierno Bakhoum
- Laboratoire National de l'Elevage et de Recherches Vétérinaires, Institut Sénégalais de Recherches Agricoles (ISRA), Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Modou Moustapha Lo
- Laboratoire National de l'Elevage et de Recherches Vétérinaires, Institut Sénégalais de Recherches Agricoles (ISRA), Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Jelly S Chang'a
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Biotechnology, Tanzania Veterinary Laboratory Agency, Dares Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Bishop Magidanga
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Biotechnology, Tanzania Veterinary Laboratory Agency, Dares Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Charles Mayenga
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Biotechnology, Tanzania Veterinary Laboratory Agency, Dares Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Maureen Wakwamba Ziba
- Department of Veterinary Services Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Central Veterinary Research Institute, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - George Dautu
- Department of Veterinary Services Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Central Veterinary Research Institute, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Charles Masembe
- College of Natural Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | - Umberto Molini
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia.,Central Veterinary Laboratory (CVL), Windhoek, Namibia
| | - Giovanni Cattoli
- Animal Production and Health Laboratory, Animal Production and Health Section, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | - Charles E Lamien
- Animal Production and Health Laboratory, Animal Production and Health Section, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | - William G Dundon
- Animal Production and Health Laboratory, Animal Production and Health Section, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
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16
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Woziri A, Meseko C, Nasir F, Abdulkarim K, Fasina F, Adamu J, Abdu P. Impact of dose and route of administration on antibody responses of chickens inoculated with inactivated Avian Influenza H5 vaccine. Microbes and Infectious Diseases 2021. [DOI: 10.21608/mid.2021.72759.1149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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17
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Laleye AT, Bianco A, Shittu I, Sulaiman L, Fusaro A, Inuwa B, Oyetunde J, Zecchin B, Bakam J, Pastori A, Olawuyi K, Schivo A, Meseko C, Vakuru C, Fortin A, Monne I, Joannis T. Genetic characterization of highly pathogenic avian Influenza H5Nx clade 2.3.4.4b reveals independent introductions in nigeria. Transbound Emerg Dis 2021; 69:423-433. [PMID: 33480188 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Among recurrent sanitary emergencies able to spread rapidly worldwide, avian influenza is one of the main constraints for animal health and food security. In West Africa, Nigeria has been experiencing repeated outbreaks of different strains of avian influenza virus (AIV) since 2006 and is also recognized as a hot spot in the region for the introduction of emerging strains by migratory wild birds. Here, we generated complete genomes of 20 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N8 viruses collected during active surveillance in Nigerian live bird markets (LBM) and from outbreaks reported in the country between 2016 and 2019. Phylogenetic analysis reveals that the Nigerian viruses cluster into four separate genetic groups within HPAI H5 clade 2.3.4.4b. The first group includes 2016-2017 Nigerian viruses with high genetic similarity to H5N8 viruses detected in Central African countries, while the second includes Nigerian viruses collected both in LBM and poultry farms (2018-2019), as well as in Cameroon, Egypt and Siberia. A natural reassortant strain identified in 2019 represents the third group: H5N8 viruses with the same gene constellation were identified in 2018 in South Africa. Finally, the fourth introduction represents the first detection in the African continent of the H5N6 subtype, which is related to European viruses. Bayesian phylogeographic analyses confirmed that the four introductions originated from different sources and provide evidence of the virus spread within Nigeria, as well as diffusion beyond its borders. The multiple epidemiological links between Nigeria, Central and Southern African countries highlight the need for harmonized and coordinated surveillance system to control AIV impact. Improved surveillance at the Wetlands, LBMs and early warning of outbreaks are crucial for prevention and control of AIV, which can be potentially zoonotic and be a threat to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alice Bianco
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Padova, Italy
| | | | | | - Alice Fusaro
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Padova, Italy
| | - Bitrus Inuwa
- National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
| | | | - Bianca Zecchin
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Padova, Italy
| | - Judith Bakam
- National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
| | - Ambra Pastori
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Alessia Schivo
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Columba Vakuru
- Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Andrea Fortin
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Padova, Italy
| | - Isabella Monne
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Padova, Italy
| | - Tony Joannis
- National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
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18
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Shittu I, Bianco A, Gado D, Mkpuma N, Sulaiman L, Laleye A, Gobbo F, Bortolami A, Bonfante F, Vakuru C, Meseko C, Fusaro A, Shamaki D, Alabi O, Terregino C, Joannis T. First detection of highly pathogenic H5N6 avian influenza virus on the African continent. Emerg Microbes Infect 2020; 9:886-888. [PMID: 32312185 PMCID: PMC7241522 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2020.1757999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Since 2013, highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) subtype H5N6 (clade 2.3.4.4) has been reported in wild birds and poultry in Asia as well as in other parts of the globe. In Africa, information on the presence of this virus subtype is lacking. This study reports the first detection of a HPAI (H5N6) virus (clade 2.3.4.4b) in a duck from a live bird market in Nigeria, whose genome is closely related to the European 2017–2018 H5N6 viruses, indricating a recent virus introduction into the African continent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alice Bianco
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Padova, Italy
| | - Dorcas Gado
- National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Agnes Laleye
- National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
| | - Federica Gobbo
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Padova, Italy
| | | | | | - Columba Vakuru
- Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Abuja, Nigeria
| | | | - Alice Fusaro
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Padova, Italy
| | - David Shamaki
- National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
| | - Olaniran Alabi
- Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Abuja, Nigeria
| | | | - Tony Joannis
- National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
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19
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Meseko C, Shittu I, Adedeji A. The bush meat trade thrives in Nigeria despite anxiety over coronavirus. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2020; 114:639-641. [PMID: 32730611 PMCID: PMC7454903 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/traa060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Clement Meseko
- Infectious and Transboundary Animal Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
| | - Ismaila Shittu
- Infectious and Transboundary Animal Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
| | - Adeyinka Adedeji
- Infectious and Transboundary Animal Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
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20
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Diallo AA, Souley MM, Issa Ibrahim A, Alassane A, Issa R, Gagara H, Yaou B, Issiakou A, Diop M, Ba Diouf RO, Lo FT, Lo MM, Bakhoum T, Sylla M, Seck MT, Meseko C, Shittu I, Cullinane A, Settypalli TBK, Lamien CE, Dundon WG, Cattoli G. Transboundary spread of equine influenza viruses (H3N8) in West and Central Africa: Molecular characterization of identified viruses during outbreaks in Niger and Senegal, in 2019. Transbound Emerg Dis 2020; 68:1253-1262. [PMID: 32770642 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Since November 2018, several countries in West and Central Africa have reported mortalities in donkeys and horses. Specifically, more than 66,000 horses and donkeys have succumbed to disease in Burkina Faso, Chad, Cameroon, The Gambia, Ghana, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, and Senegal. Strangles caused by Streptococcus equi subsp equi, African Horse Sickness (AHS) virus, and Equine influenza virus (EIV) were all suspected as potential causative agents. This study reports the identification of EIV in field samples collected in Niger and Senegal. Phylogenetic analysis of the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase genes revealed that the identified viruses belonged to clade 1 of the Florida sublineage and were very similar to viruses identified in Nigeria in 2019. Interestingly, they were also more similar to EIVs from recent outbreaks in South America than to those in Europe and the USA. This is one of the first reports providing detailed description and characterization of EIVs in West and Central Africa region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alpha Amadou Diallo
- Laboratoire National de l'Elevage et de Recherches Vétérinaires ISRA/LNERV(LNERV), Dakar, Sénégal
| | | | | | - Abdou Alassane
- Laboratoire Central de l'Elevage (LABOCEL), Niamey, Niger
| | - Rahila Issa
- Laboratoire Central de l'Elevage (LABOCEL), Niamey, Niger
| | - Haladou Gagara
- Laboratoire Central de l'Elevage (LABOCEL), Niamey, Niger
| | - Bachir Yaou
- Laboratoire Central de l'Elevage (LABOCEL), Niamey, Niger
| | - Abdou Issiakou
- Direction Générale des Services Vétérinaires du Niger, Niamey, Niger
| | - Mariame Diop
- Laboratoire National de l'Elevage et de Recherches Vétérinaires ISRA/LNERV(LNERV), Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Racky Oumar Ba Diouf
- Laboratoire National de l'Elevage et de Recherches Vétérinaires ISRA/LNERV(LNERV), Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Fatou Tall Lo
- Laboratoire National de l'Elevage et de Recherches Vétérinaires ISRA/LNERV(LNERV), Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Modou Moustapha Lo
- Laboratoire National de l'Elevage et de Recherches Vétérinaires ISRA/LNERV(LNERV), Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Thierno Bakhoum
- Laboratoire National de l'Elevage et de Recherches Vétérinaires ISRA/LNERV(LNERV), Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Mamadou Sylla
- Laboratoire National de l'Elevage et de Recherches Vétérinaires ISRA/LNERV(LNERV), Dakar, Sénégal.,Direction du Développement des Equidés, MEPA, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Momar Talla Seck
- Laboratoire National de l'Elevage et de Recherches Vétérinaires ISRA/LNERV(LNERV), Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Clement Meseko
- National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria
| | - Ismaila Shittu
- National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria
| | - Ann Cullinane
- OIE Reference Laboratory for Equine influenza, Irish Equine Centre, Kildare, Ireland
| | - Tirumala B K Settypalli
- Animal Production and Health Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | - Charles E Lamien
- Animal Production and Health Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | - William G Dundon
- Animal Production and Health Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | - Giovanni Cattoli
- Animal Production and Health Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
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21
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Moharam I, Razik AAE, Sultan H, Ghezlan M, Meseko C, Franzke K, Harder T, Beer M, Grund C. Investigation of suspected Newcastle disease (ND) outbreaks in Egypt uncovers a high virus velogenic ND virus burden in small-scale holdings and the presence of multiple pathogens. Avian Pathol 2019; 48:406-415. [PMID: 31090444 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2019.1612852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Highly contagious Newcastle disease (ND) is associated with devastating outbreaks with highly variable clinical signs among gallinaceous birds. In this study we aimed to verify clinical ND suspicions in poultry holdings in Egypt suffering from respiratory distress and elevated mortality, comparing two groups of ND-vaccinated poultry holdings in three governorates. Besides testing for Newcastle disease virus (NDV), samples were screened for infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) and avian influenza virus (AIV) by RT-qPCR as well as by non-directed cell-culture approach on LMH-cells. Virulent NDV was confirmed only in group A (n = 16) comprising small-scale holdings. Phylogenetic analysis of the fusion protein gene of 11 NDV-positive samples obtained from this group assigned all viruses to genotype 2.VIIb and point to four different virus populations that were circulating at the same time in one governorate, indicating independent epidemiological events. In group B, comprising large commercial broiler farms (n = 10), virulent NDV was not present, although in six farms NDV vaccine-type virus (genotype 2.II) was detected. Besides, in both groups, co-infections by IBV (n = 10), AIV H9 (n = 3) and/or avian reovirus (ARV) (n = 5) and avian astrovirus (AastVs) (n = 1) could be identified. Taken together, the study confirmed clinical ND suspicion in small scale holdings, pointing to inefficient vaccination practices in this group A. However, it also highlighted that, even in an endemic situation like ND in Egypt, in cases of suspected ND vaccine failure, clinical ND suspicion has to be verified by pathotype-specific diagnostic tests. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS Velogenic NDV circulates in small-scale poultry holdings in Egypt. Viral transmission occurred among neighbouring farms and over long distances. Co-infections with multiple pathogens were identified. Pathotype specific diagnostic tests are essential to verify ND suspicions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Moharam
- Institute of Diagnostic Virology; Friedrich Loeffler-Institut , Greifswald - Insel Riems , Germany.,Department of poultry disease, University of Sadat City , Sadat City , Egypt
| | - Alaa Abd El Razik
- Department of poultry disease, University of Sadat City , Sadat City , Egypt
| | - Hesham Sultan
- Department of poultry disease, University of Sadat City , Sadat City , Egypt
| | | | - Clement Meseko
- Virology Department, National Veterinary Research Institute , Vom , Nigeria
| | - Kati Franzke
- Institute of Infectology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut , Greifswald - Insel Riems , Germany
| | - Timm Harder
- Institute of Diagnostic Virology; Friedrich Loeffler-Institut , Greifswald - Insel Riems , Germany
| | - Martin Beer
- Institute of Diagnostic Virology; Friedrich Loeffler-Institut , Greifswald - Insel Riems , Germany
| | - Christian Grund
- Institute of Diagnostic Virology; Friedrich Loeffler-Institut , Greifswald - Insel Riems , Germany
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22
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Fusaro A, Zecchin B, Vrancken B, Abolnik C, Ademun A, Akpeli Y, Alassane A, Awuni J, Couacy-Hymann E, Coulibaly M, Go-Maro E, Joannis T, Jumbo S, Minoungou G, Meseko C, Moutari S, Ndumu D, Twabela A, Wade A, Wiersma L, Zamperin G, Milani A, Lemey P, Monne I. Global origins of African highly pathogenic avian influenza H5Nx viruses and intracontinental spread. Int J Infect Dis 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2018.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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23
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Meseko C, Globig A, Ijomanta J, Joannis T, Nwosuh C, Shamaki D, Harder T, Hoffman D, Pohlmann A, Beer M, Mettenleiter T, Starick E. Evidence of exposure of domestic pigs to Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N1 in Nigeria. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5900. [PMID: 29651056 PMCID: PMC5897404 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24371-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Avian influenza viruses (AIV) potentially transmit to swine as shown by experiments, where further reassortment may contribute to the generation of pandemic strains. Associated risks of AIV inter-species transmission are greater in countries like Nigeria with recurrent epidemics of highly pathogenic AI (HPAI) in poultry and significant pig population. Analysis of 129 tracheal swab specimens collected from apparently healthy pigs at slaughterhouse during presence of HPAI virus H5N1 in poultry in Nigeria for influenza A by RT-qPCR yielded 43 positive samples. Twenty-two could be determined by clade specific RT-qPCR as belonging to the H5N1 clade 2.3.2.1c and confirmed by partial hemagglutinin (HA) sequence analysis. In addition, 500 swine sera were screened for antibodies against influenza A virus nucleoprotein and H5 HA using competition ELISAs and hemagglutination inhibition (HI) tests. Serologically, 222 (44.4%) and 42 (8.4%) sera were positive for influenza A virus NP and H5 antibodies, respectively. Sera reacted to H5N1 and A/H1N1pdm09 strains by HI suggesting exposure of the Nigerian domestic pig population to these viruses. We report for the first time in Nigeria, exposure of domestic pigs to H5N1 virus. This poses potential public health and pandemic risk due to interspecies transmission of avian and human influenza viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clement Meseko
- Regional Laboratory for Animal Influenza, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria.
- Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Insel Riems, Germany.
- Institute of Epidemiology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Insel Riems, Germany.
| | - Anja Globig
- Institute of Epidemiology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Jeremiah Ijomanta
- Regional Laboratory for Animal Influenza, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
| | - Tony Joannis
- Regional Laboratory for Animal Influenza, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
| | - Chika Nwosuh
- Regional Laboratory for Animal Influenza, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
| | - David Shamaki
- Regional Laboratory for Animal Influenza, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
| | - Timm Harder
- Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Donata Hoffman
- Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Anne Pohlmann
- Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Martin Beer
- Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Thomas Mettenleiter
- Institute of Molecular Virology and Cell Biology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Elke Starick
- Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Insel Riems, Germany
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24
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Laleye A, Joannis T, Shittu I, Meseko C, Zamperin G, Milani A, Zecchin B, Fusaro A, Monne I, Abolnik C. A two-year monitoring period of the genetic properties of clade 2.3.2.1c H5N1 viruses in Nigeria reveals the emergence and co-circulation of distinct genotypes. Infection, Genetics and Evolution 2018; 57:98-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2017.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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25
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Tassoni L, Fusaro A, Milani A, Lemey P, Awuni JA, Sedor VB, Dogbey O, Commey ANO, Meseko C, Joannis T, Minoungou GL, Ouattara L, Haido AM, Cisse-Aman D, Couacy-Hymann E, Dauphin G, Cattoli G, Monne I. Genetically Different Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Viruses in West Africa, 2015. Emerg Infect Dis 2016; 22:2132-2136. [PMID: 27389972 PMCID: PMC5189143 DOI: 10.3201/eid2212.160578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
To trace the evolution of highly pathogenic influenza A(H5N1) virus in West Africa, we sequenced genomes of 43 viruses collected during 2015 from poultry and wild birds in 5 countries. We found 2 co-circulating genetic groups within clade 2.3.2.1c. Mutations that may increase adaptation to mammals raise concern over possible risk for humans.
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26
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Leopardi S, Oluwayelu D, Meseko C, Marciano S, Tassoni L, Bakarey S, Monne I, Cattoli G, De Benedictis P. The close genetic relationship of lineage D Betacoronavirus from Nigerian and Kenyan straw-colored fruit bats (Eidolon helvum) is consistent with the existence of a single epidemiological unit across sub-Saharan Africa. Virus Genes 2016; 52:573-7. [PMID: 27059240 PMCID: PMC7089189 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-016-1331-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Straw-colored fruit bats (Eidolon helvum), which have been identified as natural hosts for several zoonotic pathogens, such as lyssaviruses, henipaviruses, and ebolavirus, are associated with human settlements in Nigeria where they are commonly consumed as a delicacy. However, information on the viruses harbored by these bats is scarce. In this study, coronavirus sequences were detected using a nested RT-PCR targeting 440 bp of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) in six of 79 fecal samples collected from an urban colony of E. helvum in Ibadan, Nigeria. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all six sequences were monophyletic and clustered in lineage D of Betacoronavirus. The extension of two fragments allowed us to classify our sequences within the RdRp Group Unit defined for Kenyan Betacoronavirus from the same host species. These findings are consistent with the previous suggestion on the existence of a single epidemiological unit of E. helvum across sub-Saharan Africa. This theory, which is supported by the genetic structure of continental E. helvum, could facilitate viral mixing between different colonies across the continent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Leopardi
- National Reference Centre and OIE Collaborating Centre for Diseases at the Animal-Human Interface, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Universita` 10, 35020, Legnaro, Padua, Italy
| | - Daniel Oluwayelu
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Clement Meseko
- Virology Department, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
| | - Sabrina Marciano
- National Reference Centre and OIE Collaborating Centre for Diseases at the Animal-Human Interface, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Universita` 10, 35020, Legnaro, Padua, Italy
| | - Luca Tassoni
- National Reference Centre and OIE Collaborating Centre for Diseases at the Animal-Human Interface, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Universita` 10, 35020, Legnaro, Padua, Italy
| | - Solomon Bakarey
- Institute of Advanced Medical Research and Training, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Isabella Monne
- National Reference Centre and OIE Collaborating Centre for Diseases at the Animal-Human Interface, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Universita` 10, 35020, Legnaro, Padua, Italy
| | - Giovanni Cattoli
- National Reference Centre and OIE Collaborating Centre for Diseases at the Animal-Human Interface, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Universita` 10, 35020, Legnaro, Padua, Italy
| | - Paola De Benedictis
- National Reference Centre and OIE Collaborating Centre for Diseases at the Animal-Human Interface, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Universita` 10, 35020, Legnaro, Padua, Italy.
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27
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Monne I, Meseko C, Joannis T, Shittu I, Ahmed M, Tassoni L, Fusaro A, Cattoli G. Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Virus in Poultry, Nigeria, 2015. Emerg Infect Dis 2016; 21:1275-7. [PMID: 26079193 PMCID: PMC4480409 DOI: 10.3201/eid2107.150421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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28
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Meseko C, Olaleye D, Capua I, Cattoli G. Swine influenza in sub-saharan Africa--current knowledge and emerging insights. Zoonoses Public Health 2013; 61:229-37. [PMID: 23826898 DOI: 10.1111/zph.12068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Pigs have been associated with several episodes of influenza outbreaks in the past and are considered to play a significant role in the ecology of influenza virus. The recent 2009 pandemic influenza A/H1N1 virus originated from swine and not only did it cause widespread infection in humans, but was also transmitted back to swine in Asia, Europe and America. What may be the prevailing situation in Africa, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, with respect to the circulation of classical swine or pandemic influenza? The ecology of influenza viruses, as well as the epidemiology of human or animal influenza, is poorly understood in the region. In particular, little is known about swine influenza in Africa despite the relevance of this production in the continent and the widespread pig husbandry operations in urban and rural areas. In this review, the gap in the knowledge of classical and pandemic swine influenza is attributed to negligence of disease surveillance, as well as to the economic and public health impact that the disease may cause in sub-Saharan Africa. However, emerging serological and virological evidence of swine influenza virus in some countries in the region underscores the importance of integrated surveillance to better understand the circulation and epidemiology of swine influenza, a disease of global economic and public health importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Meseko
- Virology Department, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria; Virology Department, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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29
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Solomon P, Bisschop S, Joannis TM, Shittu I, Meseko C, Sulaiman L, Gado D, Oladokun AT, Olawuyi KA, Abolnik C. Phylogenetic analysis of Newcastle disease viruses isolated from asymptomatic guinea fowls (Numida meleagris) and Muscovy ducks (Cariana moscata) in Nigeria. Trop Anim Health Prod 2012; 45:53-7. [PMID: 22618191 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-012-0173-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/04/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Four Newcastle disease virus isolates were recovered from asymptomatic guinea fowl (Numida meleagris galeata) and Muscovy ducks (Cariana moscata). For the purpose of molecular identification and phylogeny, phylogenetic characterization was performed to identify the pathotypes. All four viruses had a cleavage motif (112)RRQKRF(117) which is characteristic of virulent strains. The isolates grouped with viruses previously reported as sub-lineage 5 g from chickens in Nigeria. This study report for the first time the identification of the virulent sub-lineage 5 g Newcastle disease virus from apparently healthy guinea fowl and domestic ducks in Nigeria, and since infections were sub-clinical, it suggest that these species could play a role in the spread and transmission of virulent Newcastle disease virus that can infect other poultry. The isolation and identification of virulent Newcastle disease virus in these unusual hosts and the high sequence similarity (99.3-100 %) between viruses in this study with strains reported for Niger and Cameroun gives insights into the ecology of virulent Newcastle disease viruses and suggests some cross-border movement and trade in live poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ponman Solomon
- National Veterinary Research Institute, P O Box 01, Vom, Nigeria.
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30
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Fusaro A, Joannis T, Monne I, Salviato A, Yakubu B, Meseko C, Oladokun T, Fassina S, Capua I, Cattoli G. Introduction into Nigeria of a distinct genotype of avian influenza virus (H5N1). Emerg Infect Dis 2009; 15:445-7. [PMID: 19239760 PMCID: PMC2681125 DOI: 10.3201/eid1503.081161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic characterization of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (H5N1) isolated in July 2008 in Nigeria indicates that a distinct genotype, never before detected in Africa, reached the continent. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the viruses are genetically closely related to European and Middle Eastern influenza A (H5N1) isolates detected in 2007.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Fusaro
- Molecular Biology Laboratory of the National and The World Organization for Animal Health/FAO Reference Laboratory for Newcastle Disease and Avian Influenza, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Padova, Italy
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