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Pan VA, Tran LT, Madden T, Clasie B, Kooy H, Rosenfeld AB, Depauw N. LET d Optimization Verification With an SOI Microdosimeter. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2024:S0360-3016(23)08310-4. [PMID: 38300188 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE A first of its kind experimental verification of dose-averaged linear energy transfer (LETd) optimized treatment plans for proton therapy has been carried out using a silicon-on-insulator microdosimeter at the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Boston, USA. METHODS AND MATERIALS Three clinical treatment plans of a typical ependymoma structure set were designed using the standard clinical approach, the proposed protocol approach, and a one-field approach. The plans were then reoptimized to reduce the LETd-weighted dose in the brain stem. All six plans were delivered in a solid water phantom and the experimental yD‾ measured. RESULTS After LETd optimization, a reduction in yD‾ was found within the brain stem by an average of 12%, 19%, and 4% for the clinical, protocol, and one-field plans, respectively, while maintaining adequate coverage of the tumor structure. The experimental LETd-weighted doses were in agreement with the treatment planning system calculations and Monte Carlo simulations and reinforced the improvement of the optimization. CONCLUSIONS This work demonstrates the first experimental verification of the clinical implementation of LETd optimization for patient treatment with proton therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- V A Pan
- Centre for Medical and Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.
| | - L T Tran
- Centre for Medical and Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - T Madden
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - B Clasie
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - H Kooy
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - A B Rosenfeld
- Centre for Medical and Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - N Depauw
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Kraan AC, Depauw N, Clasie B, Madden T, Kooy HM. Impact of spot size variations on dose in scanned proton beam therapy. Phys Med 2018; 57:58-64. [PMID: 30738532 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2018.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In scanned proton beam therapy systematic deviations in spot size at iso-center can occur as a result of changes in the beam-line optics. There is currently no general guideline of the spot size accuracy required clinically. In this work we quantify treatment plan robustness to systematic spot size variations as a function of spot size and spot spacing, and we suggest guidelines for tolerance levels for spot size variations. METHODS Through perturbation of spot size in treatment plans for 7 patients and a phantom, we evaluated the dose impact of systematic spot size variations of 5% up to 50%. We investigated the dependence on nominal spot size by studying scenarios with small, medium and large spot sizes for various inter-spot spacings. To come to tolerance levels, we used the Γ passing rate and dose-volume-histograms. RESULTS Limits on spot size accuracy were extracted for 8 sites, 3 different spot sizes and 3 different inter-spot spacings. While the allowable spot size variation strongly depends on the spot size, the inter-spot spacing turned out to be only of limited influence. CONCLUSIONS Plan robustness to spot size variations strongly depend on spot size, with small spot plans being much more robust than larger spots plans. Inter-spot spacing did not influence plan robustness. Combining our results with existing literature, we propose limits of ±25%, ±20% and ±10% of the spot width σ, for spots with σ of 2.5, 5.0 and 10 mm in proton therapy spot scanning facilities, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Kraan
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa, Italy.
| | - N Depauw
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Physics, Boston, USA
| | - B Clasie
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Physics, Boston, USA
| | - T Madden
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Physics, Boston, USA
| | - H M Kooy
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Physics, Boston, USA
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DeGrush A, Maschinot A, Akdogan T, Alarcon R, Bertozzi W, Booth E, Botto T, Calarco JR, Clasie B, Crawford C, Dow K, Farkhondeh M, Fatemi R, Filoti O, Franklin W, Gao H, Geis E, Gilad S, Hasell DK, Karpius P, Kohl M, Kolster H, Lee T, Matthews J, McIlhany K, Meitanis N, Milner R, Rapaport J, Redwine R, Seely J, Shinozaki A, Sindile A, Širca S, Six E, Smith T, Tonguc B, Tschalär C, Tsentalovich E, Turchinetz W, Xiao Y, Xu W, Zhou ZL, Ziskin V, Zwart T. Measurement of the Vector and Tensor Asymmetries at Large Missing Momentum in Quasielastic (e[over →],e^{'}p) Electron Scattering from Deuterium. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 119:182501. [PMID: 29219591 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.182501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We report the measurement of the beam-vector and tensor asymmetries A_{ed}^{V} and A_{d}^{T} in quasielastic (e[over →],e^{'}p) electrodisintegration of the deuteron at the MIT-Bates Linear Accelerator Center up to missing momentum of 500 MeV/c. Data were collected simultaneously over a momentum transfer range 0.1<Q^{2}<0.5 (GeV/c)^{2} with the Bates Large Acceptance Spectrometer Toroid using an internal deuterium gas target polarized sequentially in both vector and tensor states. The data are compared with calculations. The beam-vector asymmetry A_{ed}^{V} is found to be directly sensitive to the D-wave component of the deuteron and has a zero crossing at a missing momentum of about 320 MeV/c, as predicted. The tensor asymmetry A_{d}^{T} at large missing momentum is found to be dominated by the influence of the tensor force in the neutron-proton final-state interaction. The new data provide a strong constraint on theoretical models.
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Affiliation(s)
- A DeGrush
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Maschinot
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - T Akdogan
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - R Alarcon
- Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
| | - W Bertozzi
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - E Booth
- Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - T Botto
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J R Calarco
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA
| | - B Clasie
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - C Crawford
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40504, USA
| | - K Dow
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Farkhondeh
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40504, USA
| | - O Filoti
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA
| | - W Franklin
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H Gao
- Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory and Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - E Geis
- Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
| | - S Gilad
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - D K Hasell
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - P Karpius
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA
| | - M Kohl
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23668, USA and Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - H Kolster
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - T Lee
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA
| | - J Matthews
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - K McIlhany
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402, USA
| | - N Meitanis
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - R Milner
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Rapaport
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - R Redwine
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Seely
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Shinozaki
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Sindile
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA
| | - S Širca
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, and Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - E Six
- Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
| | - T Smith
- Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, USA
| | - B Tonguc
- Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
| | - C Tschalär
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - E Tsentalovich
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - W Turchinetz
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Y Xiao
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - W Xu
- Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory and Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - Z-L Zhou
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - V Ziskin
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - T Zwart
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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Lin Y, Clasie B, Lu H, Flanz J, Jee K. SU-F-T-177: Impacts of Gantry Angle Dependent Scanning Beam Properties for Proton Treatment. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4956314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Shin J, Jee K, Clasie B, Depauw N, Madden T, Sharp G, Paganetti H, Kooy H. SU-G-TeP4-04: An Automated Monte Carlo Based QA Framework for Pencil Beam Scanning Treatments. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4957129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Lin Y, Kooy H, Craft D, Depauw N, Flanz J, Clasie B. TH-CD-209-01: A Greedy Reassignment Algorithm for the PBS Minimum Monitor Unit Constraint. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4958194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Oesten H, Clasie B, Nelson B, Jee K. SU-F-J-51: A Cone-Based Scintillator Detector for IGRT QA for Scattered and Scanning Proton Therapy. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4955959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Giantsoudi D, Clasie B, Grassberger C, Dowdell S, Depauw N, Madden T, Kooy H, Paganetti H. SU-E-T-512: Monte Carlo Dose Verification of Pencil Beam Scanning Proton Therapy. Med Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4814941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Dowdell S, Clasie B, Depauw N, Metcalfe P, Rosenfeld A, Kooy H, Flanz J, Paganetti H. MO-F-213AB-03: Potential Reduction in Out-Of-Field Dose in Pencil Beam Scanning Proton Therapy Through Use of a Patient-Specific Aperture. Med Phys 2012; 39:3872. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4735808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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McGarry C, Butterworth K, T.P.G., Clasie B, Schumann A Carabe-Fernandez J, Depauw N, Kooy H, Ming H, Tang S, O'Sullivan J, Schettino G, McMahon S, Paganetti H, Held K, Prise K, Hounsell A. EP-1587 CELL SURVIVAL RESPONSES TO MODULATED PROTON BEAMS DELIVERED BY PASSIVE SCATTERING AND PENCIL BEAM SCANNING. Radiother Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(12)71920-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Fomin N, Arrington J, Asaturyan R, Benmokhtar F, Boeglin W, Bosted P, Bruell A, Bukhari MHS, Christy ME, Chudakov E, Clasie B, Connell SH, Dalton MM, Daniel A, Day DB, Dutta D, Ent R, El Fassi L, Fenker H, Filippone BW, Garrow K, Gaskell D, Hill C, Holt RJ, Horn T, Jones MK, Jourdan J, Kalantarians N, Keppel CE, Kiselev D, Kotulla M, Lindgren R, Lung AF, Malace S, Markowitz P, McKee P, Meekins DG, Mkrtchyan H, Navasardyan T, Niculescu G, Opper AK, Perdrisat C, Potterveld DH, Punjabi V, Qian X, Reimer PE, Roche J, Rodriguez VM, Rondon O, Schulte E, Seely J, Segbefia E, Slifer K, Smith GR, Solvignon P, Tadevosyan V, Tajima S, Tang L, Testa G, Trojer R, Tvaskis V, Vulcan WF, Wasko C, Wesselmann FR, Wood SA, Wright J, Zheng X. New measurements of high-momentum nucleons and short-range structures in nuclei. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 108:092502. [PMID: 22463628 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.092502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We present new measurements of electron scattering from high-momentum nucleons in nuclei. These data allow an improved determination of the strength of two-nucleon correlations for several nuclei, including light nuclei where clustering effects can, for the first time, be examined. The data also include the kinematic region where three-nucleon correlations are expected to dominate.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Fomin
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
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Zhang C, Kohl M, Akdogan T, Alarcon R, Bertozzi W, Booth E, Botto T, Calarco JR, Clasie B, Crawford C, DeGrush A, Dow K, Farkhondeh M, Fatemi R, Filoti O, Franklin W, Gao H, Geis E, Gilad S, Hasell D, Karpius P, Kolster H, Lee T, Maschinot A, Matthews J, McIlhany K, Meitanis N, Milner R, Rapaport J, Redwine R, Seely J, Shinozaki A, Sindile A, Širca S, Six E, Smith T, Tonguc B, Tschalär C, Tsentalovich E, Turchinetz W, Xiao Y, Xu W, Zhou ZL, Ziskin V, Zwart T. Precise measurement of deuteron tensor analyzing powers with BLAST. Phys Rev Lett 2011; 107:252501. [PMID: 22243068 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.252501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We report a precision measurement of the deuteron tensor analyzing powers T(20) and T(21) at the MIT-Bates Linear Accelerator Center. Data were collected simultaneously over a momentum transfer range Q=2.15-4.50 fm(-1) with the Bates Large Acceptance Spectrometer Toroid using a highly polarized deuterium internal gas target. The data are in excellent agreement with calculations in a framework of effective field theory. The deuteron charge monopole and quadrupole form factors G(C) and G(Q) were separated with improved precision, and the location of the first node of G(C) was confirmed at Q=4.19±0.05 fm(-1). The new data provide a strong constraint on theoretical models in a momentum transfer range covering the minimum of T(20) and the first node of G(C).
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Affiliation(s)
- C Zhang
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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Clasie B, Kooy H, Depauw N, Goma C, Carabe-Fernandez A, Panahandeh H, Seco J, Tang S, Flanz J. SU-E-T-723: Pencil Beam Depth-Dose Distributions in the Astroid TPS. Med Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3612685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Fomin N, Arrington J, Day DB, Gaskell D, Daniel A, Seely J, Asaturyan R, Benmokhtar F, Boeglin W, Boillat B, Bosted P, Bruell A, Bukhari MHS, Christy ME, Chudakov E, Clasie B, Connell SH, Dalton MM, Dutta D, Ent R, El Fassi L, Fenker H, Filippone BW, Garrow K, Hill C, Holt RJ, Horn T, Jones MK, Jourdan J, Kalantarians N, Keppel CE, Kiselev D, Kotulla M, Lindgren R, Lung AF, Malace S, Markowitz P, McKee P, Meekins DG, Miyoshi T, Mkrtchyan H, Navasardyan T, Niculescu G, Okayasu Y, Opper AK, Perdrisat C, Potterveld DH, Punjabi V, Qian X, Reimer PE, Roche J, Rodriguez VM, Rondon O, Schulte E, Segbefia E, Slifer K, Smith GR, Solvignon P, Tadevosyan V, Tajima S, Tang L, Testa G, Trojer R, Tvaskis V, Vulcan WF, Wasko C, Wesselmann FR, Wood SA, Wright J, Zheng X. Scaling of the F2 structure function in nuclei and quark distributions at x>1. Phys Rev Lett 2010; 105:212502. [PMID: 21231294 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.212502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We present new data on electron scattering from a range of nuclei taken in Hall C at Jefferson Lab. For heavy nuclei, we observe a rapid falloff in the cross section for x>1, which is sensitive to short-range contributions to the nuclear wave function, and in deep inelastic scattering corresponds to probing extremely high momentum quarks. This result agrees with higher energy muon scattering measurements, but is in sharp contrast to neutrino scattering measurements which suggested a dramatic enhancement in the distribution of the "superfast" quarks probed at x>1. The falloff at x>1 is noticeably stronger in 2H and 3He, but nearly identical for all heavier nuclei.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Fomin
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
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Sarfehnia A, Clasie B, Chung E, Lu HM, Flanz J, Cascio E, Engelsman M, Paganetti H, Seuntjens J. Poster - Thur Eve - 64: A Water Calorimetry-Based Dosimetry Standard for Direct Measurement of Absolute Absorbed Dose in Scanning Proton Beam Delivery. Med Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3476169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Sarfehnia A, Clasie B, Chung E, Lu HM, Flanz J, Cascio E, Engelsman M, Paganetti H, Seuntjens J. Direct absorbed dose to water determination based on water calorimetry in scanning proton beam delivery. Med Phys 2010; 37:3541-50. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3427317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Clasie B, Madden T, Lu HM, Zhang K, Flanz J, Kooy H. SU-GG-T-457: Optimal Commissioning for PBS Treatment Planning Systems. Med Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3468855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Sarfehnia A, Clasie B, Chung E, Lu H, Flanz J, Cascio E, Engelsman M, Paganetti H, Seuntjens J. SU-EE-A2-01: Direct Measurement of Absolute Absorbed Dose in Scanning Proton Beams Based on Water Calorimetry. Med Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3468012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Seely J, Daniel A, Gaskell D, Arrington J, Fomin N, Solvignon P, Asaturyan R, Benmokhtar F, Boeglin W, Boillat B, Bosted P, Bruell A, Bukhari MHS, Christy ME, Clasie B, Connell S, Dalton MM, Day D, Dunne J, Dutta D, El Fassi L, Ent R, Fenker H, Filippone BW, Gao H, Hill C, Holt RJ, Horn T, Hungerford E, Jones MK, Jourdan J, Kalantarians N, Keppel CE, Kiselev D, Kotulla M, Lee C, Lung AF, Malace S, Meekins DG, Mertens T, Mkrtchyan H, Navasardyan T, Niculescu G, Niculescu I, Nomura H, Okayasu Y, Opper AK, Perdrisat C, Potterveld DH, Punjabi V, Qian X, Reimer PE, Roche J, Rodriguez VM, Rondon O, Schulte E, Segbefia E, Slifer K, Smith GR, Tadevosyan V, Tajima S, Tang L, Testa G, Trojer R, Tvaskis V, Vulcan WF, Wesselmann FR, Wood SA, Wright J, Yuan L, Zheng X. New measurements of the European Muon Collaboration effect in very light nuclei. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 103:202301. [PMID: 20365978 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.202301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2009] [Revised: 07/27/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
New Jefferson Lab data are presented on the nuclear dependence of the inclusive cross section from (2)H, (3)He, (4)He, (9)Be and (12)C for 0.3 < x < 0.9, Q(2) approximately 3-6 GeV(2). These data represent the first measurement of the EMC effect for (3)He at large x and a significant improvement for (4)He. The data do not support previous A-dependent or density-dependent fits to the EMC effect and suggest that the nuclear dependence of the quark distributions may depend on the local nuclear environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Seely
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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Clasie B, Bentefour H, Boisseau P, Claereboudt Y, Demaret D, Depauw N, Herrup D, Lu HM, Nett W, Kooy H, Flanz J. TH-C-BRD-01: Technical and Practical Considerations in Implementing Proton Pencil Beam Scanning. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3182603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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21
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Wroe A, Clasie B, Kooy H, Flanz J, Schulte R, Rosenfeld A. Out-of-field Dose Equivalents Delivered by Passively Scattered Therapeutic Proton Beams for Clinically Relevant Field Configurations. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2008.06.315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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22
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Geis E, Kohl M, Ziskin V, Akdogan T, Arenhövel H, Alarcon R, Bertozzi W, Booth E, Botto T, Calarco J, Clasie B, Crawford CB, DeGrush A, Donnelly TW, Dow K, Farkhondeh M, Fatemi R, Filoti O, Franklin W, Gao H, Gilad S, Hasell D, Karpius P, Kolster H, Lee T, Maschinot A, Matthews J, McIlhany K, Meitanis N, Milner RG, Rapaport J, Redwine RP, Seely J, Shinozaki A, Sirca S, Sindile A, Six E, Smith T, Steadman M, Tonguc B, Tschalaer C, Tsentalovich E, Turchinetz W, Xiao Y, Xu W, Zhang C, Zhou Z, Zwart T. Charge form factor of the neutron at low momentum transfer from the 2H-->(e-->,e'n)1H reaction. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 101:042501. [PMID: 18764321 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.042501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We report new measurements of the neutron charge form factor at low momentum transfer using quasielastic electrodisintegration of the deuteron. Longitudinally polarized electrons at an energy of 850 MeV were scattered from an isotopically pure, highly polarized deuterium gas target. The scattered electrons and coincident neutrons were measured by the Bates Large Acceptance Spectrometer Toroid (BLAST) detector. The neutron form factor ratio GEn/GMn was extracted from the beam-target vector asymmetry AedV at four-momentum transfers Q2=0.14, 0.20, 0.29, and 0.42 (GeV/c)2.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Geis
- Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
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23
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Clasie B, Wroe A, Kooy H, Paganetti H, Flanz J, Schulte R, Rosenfeld A. SU-GG-T-295: Determination of the Dose Equivalent Near Proton Pencil Beams. Med Phys 2008. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2962047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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24
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Clasie B, Bentefour H, Kooy H, Flanz J. SU-GG-T-203: Measurements of Proton Pencil-Beam Scanning Performance Characteristics. Med Phys 2008. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2961955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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25
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Wroe A, Clasie B, Kooy H, Flanz J, Schulte R, Rosenfeld A. SU-GG-T-289: Out-Of-Field Dose Equivalents Delivered by Passively Scattered Therapeutic Proton Beams for Clinically Relevant Field Configurations. Med Phys 2008. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2962041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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26
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Clasie B, Qian X, Arrington J, Asaturyan R, Benmokhtar F, Boeglin W, Bosted P, Bruell A, Christy ME, Chudakov E, Cosyn W, Dalton MM, Daniel A, Day D, Dutta D, El Fassi L, Ent R, Fenker HC, Ferrer J, Fomin N, Gao H, Garrow K, Gaskell D, Gray C, Horn T, Huber GM, Jones MK, Kalantarians N, Keppel CE, Kramer K, Larson A, Li Y, Liang Y, Lung AF, Malace S, Markowitz P, Matsumura A, Meekins DG, Mertens T, Miller GA, Miyoshi T, Mkrtchyan H, Monson R, Navasardyan T, Niculescu G, Niculescu I, Okayasu Y, Opper AK, Perdrisat C, Punjabi V, Rauf AW, Rodriquez VM, Rohe D, Ryckebusch J, Seely J, Segbefia E, Smith GR, Strikman M, Sumihama M, Tadevosyan V, Tang L, Tvaskis V, Villano A, Vulcan WF, Wesselmann FR, Wood SA, Yuan L, Zheng XC. Measurement of nuclear transparency for the A(e,e'pi+) reaction. Phys Rev Lett 2007; 99:242502. [PMID: 18233444 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.99.242502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2007] [Revised: 09/23/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We have measured the nuclear transparency of the A(e,e'pi+) process in 2H, 12C, 27Al, 63Cu, and 197Au targets. These measurements were performed at the Jefferson Laboratory over a four momentum transfer squared range Q2=1.1 to 4.7 (GeV/c)2. The nuclear transparency was extracted as the super-ratio of (sigmaA/sigmaH) from data to a model of pion-electroproduction from nuclei without pi-N final-state interactions. The Q2 and atomic number dependence of the nuclear transparency both show deviations from traditional nuclear physics expectations and are consistent with calculations that include the quantum chromodynamical phenomenon of color transparency.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Clasie
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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Clasie B, Kooy H, Claereboudt Y, Hubeau J, Paganetti H, Prieels D, Flanz J. SU-FF-T-331: Optimization of the Beam Width in a Universal Proton Therapy Nozzle. Med Phys 2007. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2760994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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28
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Clasie B, Kooy H, Claereboudt Y, Paganetti H, Flanz J. SU-FF-T-137: Design of a Vacuum Chamber for a Universal Proton Therapy Nozzle. Med Phys 2007. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2760795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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29
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Crawford CB, Sindile A, Akdogan T, Alarcon R, Bertozzi W, Booth E, Botto T, Calarco J, Clasie B, Degrush A, Donnelly TW, Dow K, Dutta D, Farkhondeh M, Fatemi R, Filoti O, Franklin W, Gao H, Geis E, Gilad S, Haeberli W, Hasell D, Hersman W, Holtrop M, Karpius P, Kohl M, Kolster H, Lee T, Maschinot A, Matthews J, McIlhany K, Meitanis N, Milner RG, Redwine RP, Seely J, Shinozaki A, Sirca S, Six E, Smith T, Tonguc B, Tschalaer C, Tsentalovich E, Turchinetz W, van den Brand JFJ, van der Laan J, Wang F, Wise T, Xiao Y, Xu W, Zhang C, Zhou Z, Ziskin V, Zwart T. -Measurement of the proton's electric to magnetic form factor ratio from 1H(over -->)(e(over -->),e'p). Phys Rev Lett 2007; 98:052301. [PMID: 17358849 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.98.052301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2006] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
We report the first precision measurement of the proton electric to magnetic form factor ratio from spin-dependent elastic scattering of longitudinally polarized electrons from a polarized hydrogen internal gas target. The measurement was performed at the MIT-Bates South Hall Ring over a range of four-momentum transfer squared Q2 from 0.15 to 0.65 (GeV/c)(2). Significantly improved results on the proton electric and magnetic form factors are obtained in combination with existing cross-section data on elastic electron-proton scattering in the same Q2 region.
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Affiliation(s)
- C B Crawford
- Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Bates Linear Accelerator Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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Ito TM, Averett T, Barkhuff D, Batigne G, Beck DH, Beise EJ, Blake A, Breuer H, Carr R, Clasie B, Covrig S, Danagoulian A, Dodson G, Dow K, Dutta D, Farkhondeh M, Filippone BW, Franklin W, Furget C, Gao H, Gao J, Gustafsson K, Hannelius L, Hasty R, Hawthorne-Allen AM, Herda MC, Jones CE, King P, Korsch W, Kowalski S, Kox S, Kramer K, Lee P, Liu J, Martin JW, McKeown RD, Mueller B, Pitt ML, Plaster B, Quéméner G, Réal JS, Ritter J, Roche J, Savu V, Schiavilla R, Seely J, Spayde D, Suleiman R, Taylor S, Tieulent R, Tipton B, Tsentalovich E, Wells SP, Yang B, Yuan J, Yun J, Zwart T. Parity-violating electron deuteron scattering and the proton's neutral weak axial vector form factor. Phys Rev Lett 2004; 92:102003. [PMID: 15089200 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.92.102003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We report on a new measurement of the parity-violating asymmetry in quasielastic electron scattering from the deuteron at backward angles at Q2=0.038 (GeV/c)2. This quantity provides a determination of the neutral weak axial vector form factor of the nucleon, which can potentially receive large electroweak corrections. The measured asymmetry A=-3.51+/-0.57 (stat)+/-0.58 (syst) ppm is consistent with theoretical predictions. We also report on updated results of the previous experiment at Q2=0.091 (GeV/c)2, which are also consistent with theoretical predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M Ito
- W. K. Kellogg Radiation Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA.
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31
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Zhu LY, Arrington J, Averett T, Beise E, Calarco J, Chang T, Chen JP, Chudakov E, Coman M, Clasie B, Crawford C, Dieterich S, Dohrmann F, Dutta D, Fissum K, Frullani S, Gao H, Gilman R, Glashausser C, Gomez J, Hafidi K, Hansen JO, Higinbotham DW, Holt RJ, De Jager CW, Jiang X, Kinney E, Kramer K, Kumbartzki G, LeRose J, Liyanage N, Mack D, Markowitz P, McCormick K, Meekins D, Meziani ZE, Michaels R, Mitchell J, Nanda S, Potterveld D, Ransome R, Reimer PE, Reitz B, Saha A, Schulte EC, Seely J, Sirca S, Strauch S, Sulkosky V, Vlahovic B, Weinstein LB, Wijesooriya K, Williamson CF, Wojtsekhowski B, Xiang H, Xiong F, Xu W, Zeng J, Zheng X. Cross-section measurement of charged-pion photoproduction from hydrogen and deuterium. Phys Rev Lett 2003; 91:022003. [PMID: 12906473 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.91.022003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2002] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We have measured the differential cross section for the gamman-->pi(-)p and gammap-->pi(+)n reactions at theta(c.m.)=90 degrees in the photon energy range from 1.1 to 5.5 GeV at Jefferson Lab (JLab). The data at E(gamma) greater, similar 3.3 GeV exhibit a global scaling behavior for both pi(-) and pi(+) photoproduction, consistent with the constituent counting rule and the existing pi(+) photoproduction data. Possible oscillations around the scaling value are suggested by these new data. The data show enhancement in the scaled cross section at a center-of-mass energy near 2.2 GeV. The cross section ratio of exclusive pi(-) to pi(+) photoproduction at high energy is consistent with the prediction based on one-hard-gluon-exchange diagrams.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Zhu
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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