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Imazio M, Andreis A, De Ferrari GM, Cremer PC, Mardigyan V, Maestroni S, Luis SA, Lopalco G, Emmi G, Lotan D, Marcolongo R, Lazaros G, De Biasio M, Cantarini L, Dagna L, Cercek AC, Pivetta E, Varma B, Berkson L, Tombetti E, Iannone F, Prisco D, Caforio ALP, Vassilopoulos D, Tousoulis D, De Luca G, Giustetto C, Rinaldi M, Oh JK, Klein AL, Brucato A, Adler Y. Anakinra for corticosteroid-dependent and colchicine-resistant pericarditis: The IRAP (International Registry of Anakinra for Pericarditis) study. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2019; 27:956-964. [DOI: 10.1177/2047487319879534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Aims Novel therapies are needed for recurrent pericarditis, particularly when corticosteroid dependent and colchicine resistant. Based on limited data, interleukin-1 blockade with anakinra may be beneficial. The aim of this multicentre registry was to evaluate the broader effectiveness and safety of anakinra in a ‘real world’ population. Methods and results This registry enrolled consecutive patients with recurrent pericarditis who were corticosteroid dependent and colchicine resistant and treated with anakinra. The primary outcome was the pericarditis recurrence rate after treatment. Secondary outcomes included emergency department visits, hospitalisations, corticosteroid use and adverse events. Among 224 patients (46 ± 14 years old, 63% women, 75% idiopathic), the median duration of disease was 17 months (interquartile range 9–33). Most patients had elevated C-reactive protein (91%) and pericardial effusion (88%). After a median treatment of 6 months (3–12), pericarditis recurrences were reduced six-fold (2.33–0.39 per patient per year), emergency department admissions were reduced 11-fold (1.08–0.10 per patient per year), hospitalisations were reduced seven-fold (0.99–0.13 per patient per year). Corticosteroid use was decreased by anakinra (respectively from 80% to 27%; P < 0.001). No serious adverse events occurred; adverse events consisted mostly of transient skin reactions (38%) at the injection site. Adverse events led to discontinuation in 3%. A full-dose treatment duration of over 3 months followed by a tapering period of over 3 months were the therapeutic schemes associated with a lower risk of recurrence. Conclusion In patients with recurrent pericarditis, anakinra appears efficacious and safe in reducing recurrences, emergency department admissions and hospitalisations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Imazio
- Coordinating Center: University Cardiology, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Italy
| | - Alessandro Andreis
- Coordinating Center: University Cardiology, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Italy
| | - Gaetano Maria De Ferrari
- Coordinating Center: University Cardiology, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Giuseppe Lopalco
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari, Italy
| | - Giacomo Emmi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, Italy
| | - Dor Lotan
- Leviev Heart Center, Chaim Sheba Medical Center (affiliated to Tel Aviv University), Israel
| | - Renzo Marcolongo
- Department of Cardiac Thoracic Vascular Sciences and Public Health, Policlinico Universitario, Italy
| | - George Lazaros
- 1st Cardiology Clinic, Hippokration General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | | | - Luca Cantarini
- Research Center of Systemic Autoinflammatory Diseases, University of Siena, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Dagna
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases (UnIRAR), IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Italy
| | | | - Emanuele Pivetta
- Emergency Medicine Division and High Dependency Unit and CPO Piemonte, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Italy
| | - Beni Varma
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, USA
| | | | - Enrico Tombetti
- Dipartimento Scienze Cliniche e biomediche Luigi Sacco, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Florenzo Iannone
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari, Italy
| | - Domenico Prisco
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, Italy
| | - Alida Linda P Caforio
- Department of Cardiac Thoracic Vascular Sciences and Public Health, Policlinico Universitario, Italy
| | - Dimitrios Vassilopoulos
- 1st Cardiology Clinic, Hippokration General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Tousoulis
- 1st Cardiology Clinic, Hippokration General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Giacomo De Luca
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases (UnIRAR), IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Italy
| | - Carla Giustetto
- Coordinating Center: University Cardiology, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Italy
| | - Mauro Rinaldi
- Coordinating Center: University Cardiology, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Italy
| | - Jae K Oh
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, USA
| | | | - Antonio Brucato
- Dipartimento Scienze Cliniche e biomediche Luigi Sacco, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Yehuda Adler
- Leviev Heart Center, Chaim Sheba Medical Center (affiliated to Tel Aviv University), Israel
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Abstract
Witkop tooth and nail syndrome is an autosomal dominant ectodermal dysplasia characterized by hypodontia and nail dysplasia. Mutations in MSX-1 have been identified as being involved in the syndrome. Mandibular incisors, secondary molars and maxillary canines are the most frequently missing teeth. Tooth shape may vary, and conical and narrow crowns are common. Nail dysplasia affects finger- and toenails, and is often more severe in childhood. Nails may be spoon-shaped, rigid, slow-growing and easily broken. The clinical and radiographic features of a mother and child presenting with this rare condition are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Devadas
- Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Ragas Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, India.
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Herle GP, Joseph T, Varma B, Jayanthi M. Comparative evaluation of glass ionomer and resin based fissure sealant using noninvasive and invasive techniques--a SEM and microleakage study. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2004; 22:56-62. [PMID: 15491087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of using invasive and non-invasive techniques was assessed by Scanning electron microscopy, and by microleakage of Glass ionomer (GC VII, Fuji) and Resin based sealant (Helioseal-F, Ivoclar Vivadent). 100 young premolars were used for this study, and they were divided into four groups: Group I: non-invasive technique GC VII, Group II: Invasive GC VII, Group III: Non-Invasive Helioseal-F, Group IV: Invasive, Helioseal-F. 5 teeth from each group were evaluated under SEM. It was seen that the flow and adaptation of GC VII was slightly better than Helioseal F, and the invasive technique provided the best flow and adaptation. For microleakage analysis 5% methylene blue was used. It was seen that minimal microleakage was seen in Group IV (P<0.01). Considering the recent controversies using resin based sealants, it can be said that GC VII can be a viable alternative for pit and fissure sealants.
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Affiliation(s)
- G P Herle
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Ragas Dental College and Hospital, Uthandi, Chennai
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Varma B, Tandon S. Enamel etching by carbon dioxide laser. An in-vitro comparative evaluation. Indian J Dent Res 1997; 8:19-25. [PMID: 9495133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The enamel surfaces etched with carbon dioxide laser and 37% phosphoric acid were compared with regard to surface topography. The shear bond strengths of composite bonded to enamel etched by laser and acid were also compared in the study. Out of the 72 human healthy premolars selected for the study, 12 teeth were used for studying the surface topography using scanning electron microscope. The shear bond strengths were evaluated using a Hounsfield Tensometer in the remaining 60 teeth. Under scanning electron microscope, carbon dioxide laser etching of enamel produced a poor etch pattern. The shear bond strengths of composite bonded to laser etched enamel appeared inferior as compared to those on acid etched enamel. Paired t-test gave a statistically significant difference between the shear bond strengths of composite bonded to laser etched and acid etched enamel surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Varma
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, College of Dental Surgery, Manipal, India
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Rand MJ, Varma B. The effects of cholinomimetic drugs on responses to sympathetic nerve stimulation and noradrenaline in the rabbit ear artery. Br J Pharmacol 1970; 38:758-70. [PMID: 5441788 PMCID: PMC1702590 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1970.tb09885.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
1. The effects of infusions of the cholinomimetic drugs acetylcholine, methacholine, muscarine, carbachol, arecoline and pilocarpine were examined on vasoconstrictor responses of the perfused rabbit ear artery to sympathetic nerve stimulation and to injections of noradrenaline.2. The first effect of very low concentrations of acetylcholine or muscarine was a slight enhancement of responses to sympathetic nerve stimulation, but when higher concentrations of acetylcholine, methacholine, muscarine, carbachol and arecoline were infused, these vasoconstrictor responses were decreased. With still higher concentrations the responses tended to increase in size during the infusion. After stopping an infusion, the depressed vasoconstrictor responses rapidly recovered and became enhanced.3. Infusions of pilocarpine in a wide range of concentrations generally caused enhancement of responses.4. The depressant effects of cholinomimetic drugs on the responses to sympathetic nerve stimulation were antagonized by atropine. Larger concentrations of the drugs overcame the blockade by atropine.5. The effects of acetylcholine, methacholine and muscarine on the responses to sympathetic nerve stimulation were more pronounced at low than at high frequencies of stimulation.6. Vasoconstrictor responses to injected noradrenaline were enhanced by acetylcholine or methacholine, whereas responses to sympathetic nerve stimulation were decreased by the same concentrations of these choline esters.7. It is suggested that cholinomimetic drugs may act on receptor sites associated with the adrenergic terminal axon and that they may facilitate or impair the release of noradrenaline and impair noradrenaline uptake.
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