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Yin T, Fu CB, Wu DD, Nie L, Chen H, Wang Y. [Apatinib Suppressed Macrophage-Mediated Malignant Behavior of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells via Modulation of VEGFR2/STAT3/PD-L1 Signaling]. Mol Biol (Mosk) 2023; 57:706-708. [PMID: 37528791 DOI: 10.31857/s0026898423040237, edn: qmaqdy] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most frequently diagnosed primary liver tumor worldwide. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) usually have a similar phenotype to M2-like macrophages and can participate in tumor progression by secreting cytokines to suppress the immune response and activity of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. We investigated the role of M2 macrophages in HCC progression and explored the effects of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 inhibitor-apatinib. As a cellular model of HCC, Hepb3 cell line was used. M2 macrophages were obtained by differentiation of THP-1 cells. The Transwell chamber was used to co-culture M2 macrophages and Hepb3 cells. CCK-8 and EdU assays were conducted to measure cell viability and proliferation capacity. Transwell migration assay was performed to estimate cellular metastatic potential. Cytokine expression levels were assessed by ELISA. Western blotting was used to characterize activation of the VEGFR2/STAT3/PD-L1 axis. It has been shown that co-culture with M2 macrophages increased viability, cytokine production, promoted proliferation, invasion, and migration of Hepb3 cells. The secretion of TGF-β1, IL-6, MMP-9, and VEGF was significantly increased after co-culture. In contrast apatinib suppressed M2 macrophage-induced proliferation, cell viability, invasion, and migration of Hepb3 cells. Moreover, apatinib markedly decreased expression levels of p-VEGFR2, p-STAT3, and PD-L1 in Hepb3 cells under the co-culture conditions. In conclusion, apatinib treatment can suppress TAMs-mediated malignant behavior of HCC cells via modulation of the VEGFR2/STAT3/PD-L1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yin
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079 China
| | - C B Fu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079 China
| | - D D Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079 China
| | - L Nie
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079 China
| | - H Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079 China
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079 China
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Zhao JR, Zhang XP, Yuan DW, Li YT, Li DZ, Rhee YJ, Zhang Z, Li F, Zhu BJ, Li YF, Han B, Liu C, Ma Y, Li YF, Tao MZ, Li MH, Guo X, Huang XG, Fu SZ, Zhu JQ, Zhao G, Chen LM, Fu CB, Zhang J. A novel laser-collider used to produce monoenergetic 13.3 MeV (7)Li (d, n) neutrons. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27363. [PMID: 27250660 PMCID: PMC4889997 DOI: 10.1038/srep27363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutron energy is directly correlated with the energy of the incident ions in experiments involving laser-driven nuclear reactions. Using high-energy incident ions reduces the energy concentration of the generated neutrons. A novel "laser-collider" method was used at the Shenguang II laser facility to produce monoenergetic neutrons via (7)Li (d, n) nuclear reactions. The specially designed K-shaped target significantly increased the numbers of incident d and Li ions at the keV level. Ultimately, 13.3 MeV neutrons were obtained. Considering the time resolution of the neutron detector, we demonstrated that the produced neutrons were monoenergetic. Interferometry and a Multi hydro-dynamics simulation confirmed the monoenergetic nature of these neutrons.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Zhao
- Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - X P Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (MOE) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - D W Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy, National Astronomical Observatories, CAS, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Y T Li
- Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - D Z Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics, CAS, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Y J Rhee
- CoReLS, Institute for Basic Science, Gwangju 61005, Korea.,NDC, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 34057, Korea
| | - Z Zhang
- Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - F Li
- Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - B J Zhu
- Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yan F Li
- Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - B Han
- Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy, National Astronomical Observatories, CAS, Beijing 100012, China
| | - C Liu
- Department of Astronomy, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Y Ma
- Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yi F Li
- Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - M Z Tao
- Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - M H Li
- Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - X Guo
- Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - X G Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Laser Plasma, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - S Z Fu
- Shanghai Institute of Laser Plasma, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - J Q Zhu
- National Laboratory on High Power Lasers and Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - G Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy, National Astronomical Observatories, CAS, Beijing 100012, China
| | - L M Chen
- Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China.,Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (MOE) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - C B Fu
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (MOE) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - J Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (MOE) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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Zhao JR, Zhang XP, Yuan DW, Chen LM, Li YT, Fu CB, Rhee YJ, Li F, Zhu BJ, Li YF, Liao GQ, Zhang K, Han B, Liu C, Huang K, Ma Y, Li YF, Xiong J, Huang XG, Fu SZ, Zhu JQ, Zhao G, Zhang J. Neutron yield enhancement in laser-induced deuterium-deuterium fusion using a novel shaped target. Rev Sci Instrum 2015; 86:063505. [PMID: 26133837 DOI: 10.1063/1.4922912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Neutron yields have direct correlation with the energy of incident deuterons in experiments of laser deuterated target interaction [Roth et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 044802 (2013) and Higginson et al., Phys. Plasmas 18, 100703 (2011)], while deuterated plasma density is also an important parameter. Experiments at the Shenguang II laser facility have produced neutrons with energy of 2.45 MeV using d (d, n) He reaction. Deuterated foil target and K-shaped target were employed to study the influence of plasma density on neutron yields. Neutron yield generated by K-shaped target (nearly 10(6)) was two times higher than by foil target because the K-shaped target results in higher density plasma. Interferometry and multi hydro-dynamics simulation confirmed the importance of plasma density for enhancement of neutron yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Zhao
- Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - X P Zhang
- Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics (INPAC), Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - D W Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy, National Astronomical Observatories, CAS, Beijing 100012, China
| | - L M Chen
- Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Y T Li
- Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - C B Fu
- Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics (INPAC), Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Y J Rhee
- Nuclear Data Center, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institution, Daejon 305353, Korea
| | - F Li
- Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - B J Zhu
- Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yan F Li
- Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - G Q Liao
- Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - K Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy, National Astronomical Observatories, CAS, Beijing 100012, China
| | - B Han
- Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy, National Astronomical Observatories, CAS, Beijing 100012, China
| | - C Liu
- Department of Astronomy, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - K Huang
- Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Y Ma
- Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yi F Li
- Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
| | - J Xiong
- Shanghai Institute of Laser Plasma, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X G Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Laser Plasma, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - S Z Fu
- Shanghai Institute of Laser Plasma, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - J Q Zhu
- National Laboratory on High Power Lasers and Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - G Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy, National Astronomical Observatories, CAS, Beijing 100012, China
| | - J Zhang
- Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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Chu PH, Dennis A, Fu CB, Gao H, Khatiwada R, Laskaris G, Li K, Smith E, Snow WM, Yan H, Zheng W. Searches for possible T-odd and P-odd short range interactions using polarized nuclei. EPJ Web of Conferences 2014. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20146605003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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5
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Bulatowicz M, Griffith R, Larsen M, Mirijanian J, Fu CB, Smith E, Snow WM, Yan H, Walker TG. Laboratory search for a long-range T-odd, P-odd interaction from axionlike particles using dual-species nuclear magnetic resonance with polarized 129Xe and 131Xe gas. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 111:102001. [PMID: 25166656 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.102001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Revised: 07/23/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Various theories beyond the standard model predict new particles with masses in the sub-eV range with very weak couplings to ordinary matter. A new P-odd and T-odd interaction between polarized and unpolarized nucleons proportional to K·r is one such possibility, where r is the distance between the nucleons and K is the spin of the polarized nucleon. Such an interaction involving a scalar coupling gs at one vertex and a pseudoscalar coupling gp at the polarized nucleon vertex can be induced by the exchange of spin-0 bosons. We used the NMR cell test station at Northrop Grumman Corporation to search for NMR frequency shifts in polarized 129Xe and 131Xe when a nonmagnetic zirconia rod is moved near the NMR cell. Long (T2∼20 s) spin-relaxation times allow precision measurements of the NMR frequency ratios, which are insensitive to magnetic field fluctuations. Combined with existing theoretical calculations of the neutron spin contribution to the nuclear angular momentum in xenon nuclei, the measurements improve the laboratory upper bound on the product gsgp(n) by 2 orders of magnitude for distances near 1 mm. The sensitivity of this technique can be increased by at least two more orders of magnitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bulatowicz
- Northrop Grumman Corporation, Woodland Hills, California 91367, USA
| | - R Griffith
- Northrop Grumman Corporation, Woodland Hills, California 91367, USA
| | - M Larsen
- Northrop Grumman Corporation, Woodland Hills, California 91367, USA
| | - J Mirijanian
- Northrop Grumman Corporation, Woodland Hills, California 91367, USA
| | - C B Fu
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA and Center for Exploration of Energy and Matter, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - E Smith
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA and Center for Exploration of Energy and Matter, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - W M Snow
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA and Center for Exploration of Energy and Matter, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - H Yan
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA and Center for Exploration of Energy and Matter, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - T G Walker
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
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Thampy V, Kang J, Rodriguez-Rivera JA, Bao W, Savici AT, Hu J, Liu TJ, Qian B, Fobes D, Mao ZQ, Fu CB, Chen WC, Ye Q, Erwin RW, Gentile TR, Tesanovic Z, Broholm C. Friedel-like oscillations from interstitial iron in superconducting Fe(1+y)Te0.62Se0.38. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 108:107002. [PMID: 22463442 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.107002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Using polarized and unpolarized neutron scattering, we show that interstitial Fe in superconducting Fe(1+y)Te(1-x)Se(x) induces a magnetic Friedel-like oscillation that diffracts at Q⊥=(1/2 0) and involves >50 neighboring Fe sites. The interstitial >2μ(B) moment is surrounded by compensating ferromagnetic four-spin clusters that may seed double stripe ordering in Fe(1+y)Te. A semimetallic five-band model with (1/2 1/2) Fermi surface nesting and fourfold symmetric superexchange between interstitial Fe and two in-plane nearest neighbors largely accounts for the observed diffraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Thampy
- Institute for Quantum Matter and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
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8
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Zhang JH, Fu CB, Hiroshi K. Simulating canopy stomatal conductance of winter wheat and its distribution using remote sensing information. J Environ Sci (China) 2001; 13:439-443. [PMID: 11723929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The canopy stomatal movement, a plant physiological process, generally occurs within leaves but its influence on exchange of CO2, water vapor, and sensible heat fluxes between atmosphere and terrestrial ecosystem. Many studies have documented that the interaction between leaf photosynthesis and canopy stomatal conductance is obvious. Thus, information on stomatal conductance is valuable in climate and ecosystem models. In current study, a newly developed model was adopted to calculate canopy stomatal conductance of winter wheat in Huang-Huai-Hai (H-H-H) Plain of China (31.5-42.7 degrees N, 110.0-123.0 degrees E). The remote sensing information from NOAA-AVHRR and meteorological observed data were used to estimate regional scale stomatal conductance distribution. Canopy stomatal conductance distribution pattern of winter wheat on March 18, 1997 was also presented. The developed canopy stomatal conductance model might be used to estimate canopy stomatal conductance in land surface schemes and seems can be acted as a boundary condition in regional climatic model runs.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Zhang
- START, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China.
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