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Brunner A, Unterberger SH, Auer H, Hautz T, Schneeberger S, Stalder R, Badzoka J, Kappacher C, Huck CW, Zelger B, Pallua JD. Suitability of Fourier transform infrared microscopy for the diagnosis of cystic echinococcosis in human tissue sections. J Biophotonics 2024:e202300513. [PMID: 38531615 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202300513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a global health concern caused by cestodes, posing diagnostic challenges due to nonspecific symptoms and inconclusive radiographic results. Diagnosis relies on histopathological evaluation of affected tissue, demanding comprehensive tools. In this retrospective case study, Fourier transform infrared microscopy was explored for detecting and identifying CE through biochemical changes in human tissue sections. Tissue samples from 11 confirmed CE patients were analyzed. Archived FFPE blocks were cut and stained, and then CE-positive unstained sections were examined using Fourier transform infrared microscopy post-deparaffinization. Results revealed the method's ability to distinguish echinococcus elements from human tissue, irrespective of organ type. This research showcases the potential of mid-infrared microscopy as a valuable diagnostic tool for CE, offering promise in enhancing diagnostic precision in the face of the disease's complexities.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Brunner
- Institute of Pathology, Neuropathology and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - S H Unterberger
- Department of Material-Technology, Leopold-Franzens University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - H Auer
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Clinical Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - T Hautz
- OrganLifeTM, Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - S Schneeberger
- OrganLifeTM, Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - R Stalder
- Institute of Mineralogy and Petrography, Leopold-Franzens University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - J Badzoka
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - C Kappacher
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - C W Huck
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - B Zelger
- Institute of Pathology, Neuropathology and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - J D Pallua
- Department of Hospital for Orthopedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Woess C, Huck CW, Badzoka J, Kappacher C, Arora R, Lindtner RA, Zelger P, Schirmer M, Rabl W, Pallua J. Raman spectroscopy for postmortem interval estimation of human skeletal remains: A scoping review. J Biophotonics 2023; 16:e202300189. [PMID: 37494000 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202300189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Estimating postmortem intervals (PMI) is crucial in forensic investigations, providing insights into criminal cases and determining the time of death. PMI estimation relies on expert experience and a combination of thanatological data and environmental factors but is prone to errors. The lack of reliable methods for assessing PMI in bones and soft tissues necessitates a better understanding of bone decomposition. Several research groups have shown promise in PMI estimation in skeletal remains but lack valid data for forensic cases. Current methods are costly, time-consuming, and unreliable for PMIs over 5 years. Raman spectroscopy (RS) can potentially estimate PMI by studying chemical modifications in bones and teeth correlated with burial time. This review summarizes RS applications, highlighting its potential as an innovative, nondestructive, and fast technique for PMI estimation in forensic medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Woess
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christian W Huck
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - J Badzoka
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - C Kappacher
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - R Arora
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - R A Lindtner
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Philipp Zelger
- University Clinic for Hearing, Voice and Speech Disorders, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - M Schirmer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinic II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - W Rabl
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johannes Pallua
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Wurm A, Kühn J, Kugel K, Putzer D, Arora R, Coraça-Huber DC, Zelger P, Badzoka J, Kappacher C, Huck CW, Pallua JD. Raman microscopic spectroscopy as a diagnostic tool to detect Staphylococcus epidermidis in bone grafts. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2022; 280:121570. [PMID: 35779474 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Raman microscopic spectroscopyis a new approach for further characterization and detection of molecular features in many pathological processes. This technique has been successfully applied to scrutinize the spatial distribution of small molecules and proteins within biological systems by in situ analysis. This study uses Raman microscopic spectroscopyto identify any in-depth benefits and drawbacks in diagnosing Staphylococcus epidermidis in human bone grafts. MATERIAL AND METHODS 40 non-infected human bone samples and 10 human bone samples infected with Staphylococcus epidermidis were analyzed using Raman microscopic spectroscopy. Reflectance data were collected between 200 cm-1 and 3600 cm-1 with a spectral resolution of 4 cm-1 using a Senterra II microscope (Bruker, Ettlingen, Germany). The acquired spectral information was used for spectral and unsupervised classification, such as principal component analysis. RESULTS Raman measurements produced distinct diagnostic spectra that were used to distinguish between non-infected human bone samples and Staphylococcus epidermidis infected human bone samples by spectral and principal component analyses. A substantial loss in bone quality and protein conformation was detected by human bone samples co-cultured with Staphylococcus epidermidis. The mineral-to-matrix ratio using the phosphate/Amide I ratio (p = 0.030) and carbonate/phosphate ratio (p = 0.001) indicates that the loss of relative mineral content in bones upon bacterial infection is higher than in non-infected human bones. Also, an increase of alterations in the collagen network (p = 0.048) and a decrease in the structural organization and relative collagen in infected human bone could be detected. Subsequent principal component analyses identified Staphylococcus epidermidis in different spectral regions, respectively, originating mainly from CH2 deformation (wagging) of protein (at 1450 cm-1) and bending and stretching modes of C-H groups (∼2800-3000 cm-1). CONCLUSION Raman microscopic spectroscopyis presented as a promising diagnostic tool to detect Staphylococcus epidermidis in human bone grafts. Further studies in human tissues are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Wurm
- University Hospital for Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - J Kühn
- University Hospital for Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - K Kugel
- University Hospital for Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - D Putzer
- University Hospital for Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - R Arora
- University Hospital for Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - D C Coraça-Huber
- University Hospital for Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - P Zelger
- University Clinic for Hearing, Voice and Speech Disorders, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - J Badzoka
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - C Kappacher
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - C W Huck
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - J D Pallua
- University Hospital for Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
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Visintini G, Kappacher C, Ruppel CW. Modular two-dimensional analysis of SAW filters. II. Analysis and compensation results. IEEE Trans Ultrason Ferroelectr Freq Control 1992; 39:73-81. [PMID: 18263121 DOI: 10.1109/58.166813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
For pt.I see ibid vol.39, no.1, pp.61-72 (1992). Physical effects causing distortions of the transfer function of a broadband (36% fractional bandwidth) spectrum shaping filter for digital radio with 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) are analyzed separately and connected with the modular two-dimensional (2-D) model described in Part I, demonstrating the importance of every single effect. A compensation of the second-order effects is performed, yielding an agreement between simulation and measurement in amplitude and phase of more than +/-0.1 dB and +/-1 degrees all over the passband. The stopband is also predicted with high accuracy.
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